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Object Oriented Programming (OOP) - CS304 Power Point Slides Lecture 30

This document discusses object-oriented programming concepts like polymorphism and inheritance through the example of developing a payroll application. It defines three classes - SalariedEmp, HourlyEmp and CommEmp that inherit from the base Employee class and override the calcSalary method polymorphically. Arrays of objects cannot be treated polymorphically in C++ as they store objects by value rather than reference. The document also provides an example of a shape hierarchy to further illustrate polymorphism with derived classes like Line overriding the base Shape class methods.

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Sameer Hane
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179 views

Object Oriented Programming (OOP) - CS304 Power Point Slides Lecture 30

This document discusses object-oriented programming concepts like polymorphism and inheritance through the example of developing a payroll application. It defines three classes - SalariedEmp, HourlyEmp and CommEmp that inherit from the base Employee class and override the calcSalary method polymorphically. Arrays of objects cannot be treated polymorphically in C++ as they store objects by value rather than reference. The document also provides an example of a shape hierarchy to further illustrate polymorphism with derived classes like Line overriding the base Shape class methods.

Uploaded by

Sameer Hane
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Lecture No.

30

Polymorphism Case Study


A Simple Payroll Application

Problem Statement
Develop a simple payroll application. There are three kinds of employees in the system: salaried employee, hourly employee, and commissioned employee. The system takes as input an array containing employee objects, calculates salary polymorphically, and generates report.

OO Model
Employee name taxRate getName calcSalary String pStr String operator = operator <<

SalariedEmp salary calcSalary

HourlyEmp hours hourlyRate calcSalary

CommEmp sales commRate calcSalary

Class Employee
class Employee { private: String name; double taxRate; public: Employee( String&, double ); String getName(); virtual double calcSalary() = 0; }

Class Employee
Employee::Employee( String& n, double tr ): name(n){ taxRate = tr; } String Employee::getName() { return name; }

Class SalariedEmp
class SalariedEmp : public Employee { private: double salary; public: SalariedEmp(String&,double,double); virtual double calcSalary(); }

Class SalariedEmp
SalariedEmp::SalariedEmp(String& n, double tr, double sal) : Employee( n, tr ) { salary = sal; } double SalariedEmp::calcSalary() { double tax = salary * taxRate; return salary tax; }

Class HourlyEmp
class HourlyEmp : public Employee { private: int hours; double hourlyRate; public: HourlyEmp(string&,double,int,double); virtual double calcSalary(); }

Class HourlyEmp
HourlyEmp ::HourlyEmp( String& n, double tr, int h, double hr ) : Employee( n, tr ) { hours = h; hourlyRate = hr; }

Class HourlyEmp
double HourlyEmp::calcSalary() { double grossPay, tax;

grossPay = hours * hourlyRate; tax = grossPay * taxRate; return grossPay tax;


}

Class CommEmp
class CommEmp : public Employee { private: double sales; double commRate; public: CommEmp( String&, double, double, double ); virtual double calcSalary(); }

Class CommEmp
CommEmp::CommEmp( String& n, double tr, double s, double cr ) : Employee( n, tr ) { sales = s; commRate = cr; }

Class CommEmp
double CommEmp::calcSalary() { double grossPay = sales * commRate; double tax = grossPay * taxRate;
return grossPay tax; }

A Sample Payroll
int main() { Employee* emp[10]; emp[0] = new SalariedEmp( Aamir, 0.05, 15000 ); emp[1] = new HourlyEmp( Faakhir, 0.06, 160, 50 ); emp[2] = new CommEmp( Fuaad, 0.04, 150000, 10 ); generatePayroll( emp, 10 ); return 0; }

A Sample Payroll
void generatePayroll(Employee* emp[], int size) { cout << Name\tNet Salary\n\n; for (int i cout << << << } } = 0; i < size; i++) { emp[i]->getName() << \t emp[i]->calcSalary() \n;

Sample Output
Name Aamir Fakhir Fuaad Net Salary 14250 7520 14400

Never Treat Arrays Polymorphically

Shape Hierarchy Revisited


Shape draw calcArea

Line draw calcArea

Circle draw calcArea

Triangle draw calcArea

Shape Hierarchy
class Shape { public: Shape(); virtual void draw(){ cout << Shape\n; } virtual int calcArea() { return 0; } };

Shape Hierarchy
class Line : public Shape { public: Line(Point p1, Point p2); void draw(){ cout << Line\n; } }

drawShapes()
void drawShapes( Shape _shape[], int size ) { for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) { _shape[i].draw(); } }

Polymorphism & Arrays


int main() { Shape _shape[ 10 ]; _shape[ 0 ] = Shape(); _shape[ 1 ] = Shape(); drawShapes( _shape, 10 ); return 0; }

Sample Output
Shape Shape Shape

Polymorphism & Arrays


int main() { Point p1(10, 10), p2(20, 20), Line _line[ 10 ]; _line[ 0 ] = Line( p1, p2 ); _line[ 1 ] = Line( p3, p4 ); drawShapes( _line, 10 ); return 0; }

Sample Output
Shape // Run-time error

Because
0000 0010 0020 0030

0000
0015 0030

Shape Array

0045

Line Array
_shape[ i ].draw(); *(_shape + (i * sizeof(Shape))).draw();

Original drawShapes()
void drawShapes(Shape* _shape[], int size) { for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) { _shape[i]->draw(); } }

Sample Output
Line Line Line

Because
_line1 0000 0004 0008 0012 Shape* _shape[] _line2 _line3

_shape[i]->draw(); (_shape + (i * sizeof(Shape*)))->draw();

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