Quizstudyguide
Quizstudyguide
Quizstudyguide
5. Statements in an argument offered as evidence or reasons in support of another statement are called a. justifying reasons. b. explanatory reasons. c. premises. d. conclusions. 6. Words or phrases that provide clues when premises or conclusions are being offered are called a. indicator words. b. signal words. c. signifying phrases. d. markers. 7. Which of the following are arguments? a. reports b. conditional statements c. explanations d. none of the above 8. "Capital punishment should be abolished, because innocent people may be mistakenly executed" is an example of a. a report. b. an explanation. c. an unsupported assertion. d. an argument. 9. The argument 'Every previous U.S. president has been a man, so it's likely that the next U.S. president will be a man.' is a. deductive. b. inductive. c. neither deductive nor inductive. d. both deductive and inductive. 10. Identify the main conclusion in the following argument: Every year, innocent people are released from prison when new evidence arises proving they are not guilty of the crimes they were convicted of. This alone is good reason to reject the death penalty. But that's not the only reason. The death penalty is also ineffective as a deterrent. Besides, the number of appeals and other safeguards required in death penalty cases are an astronomical cost to the system. a. Innocent people are often convicted of crimes they did not commit. b. The death penalty is ineffective as a deterrent. c. The death penalty is too expensive. d. The death penalty should be rejected. 11. An argument in which the conclusion follows necessarily from the premises is said to be a. cogent. b. valid. c. strong. d. implicative. 12. Inductive arguments can be either a. valid or invalid. b. sound or unsound. c. true or false. d. strong or weak.
13. Despite overwhelming evidence to the contrary, many teen girls believe that they cannot or will not become pregnant after engaging in unprotected sex for the first time. They believe this primarily because they would prefer that it were true. In such cases, these teens are guilty of a. wishful thinking. b. egocentrism. c. the herd instinct. d. stereotyping. 14. Despite the fact that multiple studies show that advertising is effective and does impact the decision making of a large percentage of people, polls indicate that the majority of people believe they are basically immune to the influences of ads. This indicates that at least some of these people are guilty of a. sociocentrism. b. stereotyping. c. superstition. d. self-serving bias. 15. Which of the following is best treated as a non-statement? a. Philosophers have long gray beards and wear glasses. b. Philosophy is dangerous. c. Can't you understand that without justice there will be no peace? d. Please pass the salt.
5. Statements in an argument offered as evidence or reasons in support of another statement are called a. justifying reasons. b. explanatory reasons. c. premises. d. conclusions. 6. Words or phrases that provide clues when premises or conclusions are being offered are called a. indicator words. b. signal words. c. signifying phrases. d. markers. 7. Which of the following are arguments? a. reports b. conditional statements c. explanations d. none of the above 8. "Capital punishment should be abolished, because innocent people may be mistakenly executed" is an example of a. a report. b. an explanation. c. an unsupported assertion. d. an argument. 9. The argument 'Every previous U.S. president has been a man, so it's likely that the next U.S. president will be a man.' is a. deductive. b. inductive. c. neither deductive nor inductive. d. both deductive and inductive. 10. Identify the main conclusion in the following argument: Every year, innocent people are released from prison when new evidence arises proving they are not guilty of the crimes they were convicted of. This alone is good reason to reject the death penalty. But that's not the only reason. The death penalty is also ineffective as a deterrent. Besides, the number of appeals and other safeguards required in death penalty cases are an astronomical cost to the system. a. Innocent people are often convicted of crimes they did not commit. b. The death penalty is ineffective as a deterrent. c. The death penalty is too expensive. d. The death penalty should be rejected. 11. An argument in which the conclusion follows necessarily from the premises is said to be a. cogent. b. valid. c. strong. d. implicative. 12. Inductive arguments can be either a. valid or invalid. b. sound or unsound. c. true or false. d. strong or weak.
13. Despite overwhelming evidence to the contrary, many teen girls believe that they cannot or will not become pregnant after engaging in unprotected sex for the first time. They believe this primarily because they would prefer that it were true. In such cases, these teens are guilty of a. wishful thinking. b. egocentrism. c. the herd instinct. d. stereotyping. 14. Despite the fact that multiple studies show that advertising is effective and does impact the decision making of a large percentage of people, polls indicate that the majority of people believe they are basically immune to the influences of ads. This indicates that at least some of these people are guilty of a. sociocentrism. b. stereotyping. c. superstition. d. self-serving bias. 15. Which of the following is best treated as a non-statement? a. Philosophers have long gray beards and wear glasses. b. Philosophy is dangerous. c. Can't you understand that without justice there will be no peace? d. Please pass the salt.