<Insert Picture Here>

The Future of Database Technology

Mark Townsend
Vice President, Database Product Management
The following is intended to outline our general
product direction. It is intended for information
purposes only, and may not be incorporated into any
contract. It is not a commitment to deliver any
material, code, or functionality, and should not be
relied upon in making purchasing decisions.
The development, release, and timing of any
features or functionality described for Oracle’s
products remain at the sole discretion of Oracle.
 Agenda

• Database Update
• Information Appliance Initiative
• Information Lifecycle Management
• Security and Compliance
• What’s Next – Change Assurance
 Uptake (TAR Analysis)
Oracle Database 10g Oracle9i Oracle8i Oracle8 and Earlier

100%
90% 7%
80%
70%
60% 44%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
48%
0%
Mar-01

Jun-01

Sep-01

Dec-01

Mar-02

Jun-02

Sep-02

Dec-02

Mar-03

Jun-03

Sep-03

Dec-03

Mar-04

Jun-04

Sep-04

Dec-04

Mar-05

Jun-05

Sep-05

Dec-05

Mar-06

Jun-06

Sep-06
Source: TAR Analysis (October 2006)
 Oracle’s 10g Grid Strategy

• Enable Grid Computing

• Using Low Cost Servers and Storage
• With Intelligent Software
• Database Servers and Fusion Middleware
• And Automated Management Tools
• Reducing Errors and Lowering Costs
• To Modernize I/T Infrastructure
• Highest QoS and Flexibility, Lower Cost
 Oracle 10g Grid

Application
Server
Clusters

Real
Application
Clusters
Grid Control

Automatic
Storage
Management
 Amazon Data Warehouse Modular Architecture
using Oracle Database 10g RAC and ASM on Linux

Amazon’s RAC is so cost-effective they run 2 concurrently and still save money.

1. Extract 2. Integrate, 3. Query and 4. Data access

from source transform, and analyze and publishing
systems denormalize

8 nodes x 4CPUs 16nodes x 4CPUs

12 TB+ STAGE 65 TB QUERY
Extract
Servers

ETL
Manager

2nd pair of identical RAC clusters means ‘no need for

backup’ for active online data
 Emerging Trends for DW

• Data warehouses have become ubiquitous parts of

the IT infrastructure
• Problem: Data warehouse system configurations are
easy to get wrong
• Goal: Make it easy to deliver
• A scalable system
• With reduced implementation times
• Eliminated deployment risks
• Lower cost
 DW Configuration Problem: I/O
An unbalanced configuration

100% < 50%

Possible Database CPUs Memory Actuators LUNs Disks Raid Achieved
Efficiency Efficiency

A balanced configuration

100% 100%
Possible Database CPUs Memory Actuators LUNs Disks Raid Achieved
Efficiency Efficiency
 Oracle Information Appliance Initiative
• Appliance Foundations • Information Appliances
• Documented best-practice • Scalable systems pre-installed and
configurations for data pre-configured: ready to run out-of-
warehousing the-box
• For customers requiring • For customers looking for the
flexibility and choice simplest, fastest solutions
• Benefits: • Benefits:
• High performance • High performance
• Simple to scale: modular • Simple to buy
building blocks • Fast to implement
• Built on Oracle database • Built on Oracle database and
and standard hardware standard hardware
• Available today with HP, • Available today with Panta Systems
IBM, and EMC • Further announcements in coming
months
Information Appliance – An Example
Panta 2700 Data Warehouse Appliance
• 8 Blade RAC cluster
• 4 AMD 2.2Ghz dual core
processors per blade
• 8 GB memory per processor
• Total of 64 cores and 256 GB
memory
• 96 TB database storage
• 532 disk drives
• 250GB SATA 7200 RPM / drive
• 2 Silverstorm 9024 Infiniband
Switches
• Up to 12 GB / sec I/O throughput
observed in database processing
• Oracle Database 10g with RAC
and Partitioning
• Red Hat Enterprise Linux
Advanced Server 4 Update 3
 Information Appliance:
New 1TB TPC-H Announced
• The system:
• Oracle Database 10g Release 2 with Real Application Clusters
and Partitioning
• 8-node PANTAmatrix (aka Panta 2700 Data Warehouse
Appliance)
• Red Hat Enterprise Linux Advanced Server 4 Update 3
• The results:
• Performance: 59,353.9 QphH@1000GB
• Price-performance: $24.94 $/QphH@1000GB
• Compelling combination of performance and price-
performance:
• #2 in absolute performance
• #2 in price-performance

As of October 23, 2006: PANTA Systems PANTAmatrix, 59,353.9QphH@1000GB, $24.94/QphH@1000GB, available 4/15/07.
Source: Transaction Processing Performance Council (TPC), www.tpc.org
 Information Appliance:
Significant Cost Savings
• An Oracle-based appliance
delivers:
PANTA 2700 8250z 1) • High performance out-of-the-
# Racks 3 2 box
• Re-usable, general-purpose
532 spindles 224 spindles
Disks software and hardware
(250GB each) (150GB each)
• Leading support for the full
HW/SW Costs $1,152,429 $1,560,000
breadth of applications
3 Yr • Enterprise-level security and
$1,019,140 $842,000
Maintenance
availability
Total 3YR Cost
of Ownership
$2,171,569 $2,402,000 • Leverages existing resources
and expertise
• Lower costs

1) Netezza, 2006 Whitepaper “How the Simplicity of the NPS Data Warehouse Appliance Lowers TCO”
 Business Requirement – ILM
(Information Lifecycle Management)
• Reduce cost to retain data
• Vast amounts of data are retained by enterprises for business
and regulatory reasons
• Need to optimize the cost of retaining data in the database to
avoid skyrocketing costs

Active Data Less Active Data Historical Data

Typical Database Implementation
without ILM
Data Lifecycle
Active Less Historical Archive
Active

DIGITAL DATA STORAGE

Tape
High Performance
Archive
Storage Tier
 Storage Sample Device Costs

Storage Tier Vendor min $/GB max$/GB

High EMC DMX 1000 73GB, <6TB $26.90 $34.10
End
HP XP128 73GB, < 6TB $18.90 $23.90
$29.00
IBM DS8300 73GB, <6TB $22.80 $28.80

Low EMC CX500 146GB, <4TB $8.20 $10.40

End
HP EVA 3000 146GB, <4TB $7.00 $8.90 $7.00
IBM DS4300 146GB, <4TB $5.90 $7.50

• Prices in high end range typically represent a system configured for performance
• Prices in the low end range typically represent a system configured for capacity
 Solution: Match Storage to Lifecycle
Optimize Cost
Data Lifecycle
Less Offline
Active Historical
Active Archive

DIGITAL DATA STORAGE

High Performance Low Cost Online Archive Offline

Storage Tier Storage Tier Storage Tier Archive
 The Oracle Database with Partitioning
is Ideal for implementing ILM
• Understands Business Data
• Hardware Independent
• Application Transparent
• Fine Grained – Partitioning
Database • Customizable
+ Partitioning • Central Point of Control
• Low Cost – Use ASM to
Less manage multiple storage
Historical tiers
Active Active

Storage
ILM Assistant
 Database Features for ILM

Oracle Database 10g Oracle Database 11g adds

• Partition, Table Level • Enhanced Table, Partition, LOB
Compression Compression
• Range, List and Hash • New Interval, Ref and Virtual
Partitioning Column Partitioning
• Composite Partitioning • New Composite Partitioning
• Range List, Range Hash • Range Range, List Range, List
List, List Hash
What a year it has been –
New Product Releases
• Jan’06: Oracle Application Express
• Feb’06: Oracle Database Express Edition
• Mar’06: Oracle SQL Developer
Secure Enterprise Search
• Apr’06: Oracle Secure Backup
• May’06 Oracle Warehouse Builder
• Jul’06 Oracle Developer Tools for .NET
• Aug’06 Oracle Content Database
Oracle Records Database
Oracle Database Vault
 Drivers for Compliance & Security

Regulatory Compliance
• SOX, Basel II, HIPAA, J-SOX, GLB, Privacy laws
• Adequate IT controls
• Separation of Duty
• Proof of compliance
• Risk assessment and monitoring

Insider Threats and Theft

• 80% of threats come from insiders
• 65% of internal threats are undetected
• 50% customers looking at monitoring insider/DBA threats
Database Security and Compliance
Products

Label Advanced
Security Security

Data Encrypted
Classification Data
 Database Security and Compliance
Products

Audit Database Label Advanced Secure Secure

Vault Vault Security Security Backup Search

Monitor, Alert, Multi-factor Data Encrypted Encrypted Authorized

Consolidate DBA Controls Classification Data Data on Tape Search

Beta
Database Vault and Audit Vault
Demonstration
What is the next big challenge ?
<Insert Picture Here>

Alfred North Whitehead:

Principia Mathematica

“The art of progress is to preserve

order amid change and to preserve
change amid order.”
 Oracle Database 11g will focus on
helping you preserve order amid change
New Change Assurance Capabilities in
Oracle Database 11g
Detect &
Tune
Set Up Test Performance
Environments Changes

Capture &
Replay Package
Workload Incidents
for
Support

Online
Hot
Patching
 Workload Capture and Replay - Beta
Database Replay
• Database Capture Rec
• Records DB production
workload including critical
concurrency characteristics
• Database Replay
• Replays workload with Record & Replay
actual timing
• Analysis & Reporting
• Error reporting
• Data divergence
• Performance divergence
• ADDM for further
performance analysis
Analysis & Reporting
 Workload Capture and Replay – Beta
SQL Replay

• Focus on impacts on SQL query workload

• Fine-grain performance analysis on individual SQL
• Captures SQL Workload in Production
• Captures SQL text, plans, bind variables, execution statistics
• Over specified period
• Can capture Oracle Database 10g Release 2 SQL workload
• Replays SQL Workload in Test
• Test executes SQL on test system
• Identifies SQL with different plans and SQL with slower
performance
• For regressed SQL, use SQL Tuning Advisor (10g) to tune
• Produces analysis & reports
 Works with Standby Databases Beta

Re
CAPTURE c
REPLAY

Production Test
Database
Database Redo
Shipment and Apply

Oracle Confidential
 Set up Test Environments using Beta
Snapshot Standbys
• Convert Physical Standby to Snapshot
Standby and open for writes by testing
Physical Standby applications
Apply Logs • ALTER DATABASE CONVERT TO
SNAPSHOT STANDBY;
Open Back out • Discard testing writes and catch-up to
Database Changes primary by applying logs
• ALTER DATABASE CONVERT TO
PHYSICAL STANDBY;
• Preserves zero data loss
Snapshot Standby
Perform Testing • Can Replay Workload against
Rolling Database Upgrades Using
Transient Logical Standby
• Logical standby allows rolling
Physical upgrades but has data type restrictions
• Temporarily convert physical standby
to logical to perform a rolling upgrade
Logical • Data type restrictions are limited to short
upgrade window
• No need for separate logical standby
Upgrade for upgrade

Physical
Also possible in 10.2 with more manual steps
 SQL Replay
Evaluate Impact of Database Change on SQL Performance

Make Change Tune SQL

Pre-Change Post-Change Tuned

Environment Environment Environment

Replay Replay SQL SQL Tuning

Production SQL Advisor
and Gather Stats
Replay SQL
Compare Performance
SQL Replay Demonstration Beta
 Online Table & Index Redefinition
• All index changes can be done online
• Create new index, move index, defragment index
• Tables can be Reorganized & Redefined online
• Table contents are copied to a new table
• Defragments and allows changing location, table type, partitioning
• Contents can be transformed as they are copied
• Can change columns, types, sizes - specified using SQL “Select”

Copy Transform
Source
Table Table Result
Table

GUI
Store
Update Updates interface
Continuous to make it
Queries & Tracking Transform
Simple
Updates Updates
 Online Application Upgrade Beta

• Large, mission critical applications are often

unavailable for tens of hours while an upgrade is
installed

• Oracle Database 11g introduces revolutionary new

capabilities that allow online application upgrade with
continuous availability of the application

• The pre-upgrade application and the post-upgrade

application can be used at the same time

• Each end-user session is rolled over on its own schedule

Online Application Upgrade Demo
 How do we do it?

• Oracle Database 11g brings the Edition, the Editioning View,

and the CrossEdition Trigger

• Code changes are installed in the privacy of a new edition.

• Data changes are made safely by writing only to new columns

or new tables not seen by the old Edition

• An Editioning View exposes a different projection of a table

into each edition to allow each to see just its own columns

• A CrossEdition trigger propagates data changes made by

the old edition into the new edition’s columns, or (in hot-
rollover) vice-versa
 Sometimes you still need to log a TAR

ACTION PLAN
### This is a critical production system ### = YES ============
1. I could not find between the trace files lmon trace,
ACTION PLAN smon, pmon etc. Please upoload any trace file
============ created on the background directory from any of the
nodes today.
1. Upload trace files from both nodes.
….
2. Any trace file created on the background_dump_dest
since the time of the problem.
The customer :XYZ : has uploaded the following file via
3. Hanganalyze trace and system state dump from MetaLink: ….
the instance that is running
The customer : XYZ : has uploaded the following file via
…. MetaLink: ….
….
The customer :XYZ : has uploaded the following file via ACTION PLAN
MetaLink: …. ============
1. Please upload the lmon,lms,lck,lmd traces for RAC
The customer : XYZ : has uploaded the following file via and all trace files for all bg process
MetaLink: …. 2. Please upload OS logs and sun Cluster dlm logs
The customer :XYZ : has uploaded the following file via
…. MetaLink: ….
The customer : XYZ : has uploaded the following file via
MetaLink: ….

….
 Automatic Diagnostic Workflow - Beta
Reduce Time to Problem Resolution
Automatic
Diagnostic
Repository
Critical
Error

1 2 3
y Alert DBA Auto Bug
y Incident Packaging Service
y Targeted assessments Matching
y First-failure Capture
y Assisted SR Filing (post 11gR1)

CCR No
Collector Duplicate
Bug?

Yes
5 4
EM Support Workbench: EM Support Workbench:
y Package Incident information y Apply Patch or Workaround
including CCR info y Guided Repair
y Guided Repair

Oracle Confidential
 Support for Online Hot Patching Beta

• Oracle already supports rolling

patches between nodes in a
cluster
• The next major release adds
online patching of a running
Oracle executable (single
instance or cluster) with no
downtime
• Integrated with OPatch
• Many one-off patches can be
hot patched
• Great for diagnostic patches
 Other Oracle Database 11g Highlights

• High Availability • Manageability and

• Flashback Archive Diagnosability
• Flashback Transaction • Support Workbench
• Performance and Scalability • SQL Test Case Builder
• RAC Scalability Enhancements • ADDM for RAC
• Query Result Cache • Automatic Health Monitoring
• Partition Advisor • Content Management
• I/O Resource Management Infrastructure
• Security • Binary XML storage
• Tablespace and LOB • Enhanced XML indexing
Encryption • LOB’s as fast as filesystems
• Business Intelligence • DICOM Medical Imaging
Support
• Next generation OLAP
• Storage & Query of Semantic
• Supermodels for Data Mining
Content
 Discussion Points

• XML Publisher
• Fusion Security
• R2 focus – Plug and Play Clustering
The preceding is intended to outline our general
product direction. It is intended for information
purposes only, and may not be incorporated into any
contract. It is not a commitment to deliver any
material, code, or functionality, and should not be
relied upon in making purchasing decisions.
The development, release, and timing of any
features or functionality described for Oracle’s
products remain at the sole discretion of Oracle.