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Module 2

(i) The temperature at which the reaction between chlorine and sodium hydroxide occurs determines the products. At lower temperatures, hypochlorite forms while at higher temperatures, chloride forms. (ii) The redox potentials explain the similarities and differences in behavior of the halogens with thiosulfate. Iodine and bromine form complexes with thiosulfate while chlorine and fluorine do not. (iii) Silver nitrate solution can be used to distinguish between halide ions. When added to solutions of each halide, it causes white precipitates of different solubilities.

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Module 2

(i) The temperature at which the reaction between chlorine and sodium hydroxide occurs determines the products. At lower temperatures, hypochlorite forms while at higher temperatures, chloride forms. (ii) The redox potentials explain the similarities and differences in behavior of the halogens with thiosulfate. Iodine and bromine form complexes with thiosulfate while chlorine and fluorine do not. (iii) Silver nitrate solution can be used to distinguish between halide ions. When added to solutions of each halide, it causes white precipitates of different solubilities.

Uploaded by

chavezallen1995
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MODULE 2 6. (a) The temperature at which the reaction between chlorine and aqueous sodium h dro!

ide occurs determines the products o" the reaction. E!plain this phenomenon# usin$ equations to illustrate our answer. % & mar's( (b) Use the redo! potential )alues $i)en to e!plain the similarities and di""erences in the beha)iour o" the halo$ens with the thiosulphate (*2O+2,) ion. -l2(aq) . 2e // 3r2(aq) . 2e ) 4 82(aq) . 2e ) ! 2 *O+2, . +;2O . :e, *:O62, . 2e [ > mar's( (c) Describe how sil)er nitrate solution can be used to distin$uish amon$ the halides -l,# 3r < and 8A . %+ mar's( 2-0, (aq) 23r (aq) 28,(aq) *2O+2< . 6 O;= 2 *2O+2< Ee 1 .0.+62 E5 1.0.672 Ee 1 . 6.9:2 E/ 1 . 6.9> V E?@ 1 . 6.6& V

Total 20 marks (a) Bro)ide e!planations "or EC-; o" the "ollowin$ in terms o" the characteristic properties o" transition metals and their comple!esD (i) Cnh drous copper (88) sulphate is a white solid that $raduall turns blue on the dropwise addition o" water. Eurther addition results in the solid dissol)in$ with the "ormation o" a blue solution. % : mar's( The $radual addition o" a concentrated solution o" sodium chloride to aqueous copper (88) sulphate leads to the "ormation o" a $reen solution. C colour chan$e "rom $reen to ellow is obser)ed on "urther addition o" the sodium chloride solution. % + mar's(

(ii)

The comple! ion X is obtained on addin$ a concentrated solution o" 4a-4 to aqueous 4i-l . The ion X has the percenta$e composition o" +6.0 F 4i# 2&.9 F - and +:.: F 4. Determine the "ormula o" the comple! ion X. %: mar's( Draw the shape o" the comple! ion X. %0 mar' ( (c) Cccount "or EC-; o" the "ollowin$ statementsD %Use Ee )alues pro)ided in the Data 3oo'let where appropriate( (i) ;aemo$lobin has a comple! unit that a""ords the transportation o" o! $en to the tissues. ;owe)er# the carr in$ capacit o" haemo$lobin is reduced in the presence o" carbon mono!ide. (ii) [ : marks] (ii) The man$anate (288) ions (MnO:,) and dichromate (28) ions (-r2O72,) are power"ul o!idiGin$ a$ents. [ 4 marks] Total 20 marks

(b)

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