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    Experiment Number Determination of Chemical Oxygen Demand (Cod)

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    nithansa
    This document describes the chemical oxygen demand (COD) experiment to measure the amount of organic compounds in water samples. The COD experiment involves refluxing the water sample with potassium dichromate in sulfuric acid, which oxidizes organic matter. Unreacted dichromate is then titrated with ferrous ammonium sulfate solution. By finding the volume of ferrous ammonium sulfate needed for samples vs blanks, the COD in milligrams per liter can be calculated. The experiment provides a quick measure of organic pollution in streams and wastewater.

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    Experiment Number Determination of Chemical Oxygen Demand (Cod)

    Uploaded by

    nithansa
    27 views3 pages
    This document describes the chemical oxygen demand (COD) experiment to measure the amount of organic compounds in water samples. The COD experiment involves refluxing the water sample with potassium dichromate in sulfuric acid, which oxidizes organic matter. Unreacted dichromate is then titrated with ferrous ammonium sulfate solution. By finding the volume of ferrous ammonium sulfate needed for samples vs blanks, the COD in milligrams per liter can be calculated. The experiment provides a quick measure of organic pollution in streams and wastewater.

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    COD

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    Cod

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    This document describes the chemical oxygen demand (COD) experiment to measure the amount of organic compounds in water samples. The COD experiment involves refluxing the water sample with potassium dichromate in sulfuric acid, which oxidizes organic matter. Unreacted dichromate is then titrated with ferrous ammonium sulfate solution. By finding the volume of ferrous ammonium sulfate needed for samples vs blanks, the COD in milligrams per liter can be calculated. The experiment provides a quick measure of organic pollution in streams and wastewater.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    27 views3 pages

    Experiment Number Determination of Chemical Oxygen Demand (Cod)

    Uploaded by

    nithansa
    This document describes the chemical oxygen demand (COD) experiment to measure the amount of organic compounds in water samples. The COD experiment involves refluxing the water sample with potassium dichromate in sulfuric acid, which oxidizes organic matter. Unreacted dichromate is then titrated with ferrous ammonium sulfate solution. By finding the volume of ferrous ammonium sulfate needed for samples vs blanks, the COD in milligrams per liter can be calculated. The experiment provides a quick measure of organic pollution in streams and wastewater.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    EXPERIMENT NUMBER

    DETERMINATION OF CHEMICAL OXYGEN


    DEMAND (COD)

    EXPERIMENT NO.

    DETERMINATION OF CHEMICAL OXYGEN


    DEMAND (COD)
    1.CONCEPT AND SIGNIFICANCE
    The chemical oxygen demand is a measure of oxygen equivalent of that
    portion of the organic matter in the sample that is susceptible to oxidation by strong
    chemical oxidant. This is an important and quickly measure parameter for pollution
    studies of stream and industrial waste water.

    2. PRINCIPLE
    Most of the organic matter is destroyed in boiling mixture of chromic
    and sulphuric acid. The purpose of running blank is to compensate for any error
    that may result because of presence of extraneous organic matter in the reagent.

    3.APPRATUS
    A) COD reflux apparatus of 500ml flat with ground
    B) Pipette, burette, measuring cylinder etc.

    4.REAGENT
    A) Standard 0.25 N potassium dichromate (K2CR2O7) solution. Dissolve 12.259
    gms of pure K2CR2O7 in distilled water and dilute to 1 litre. Add
    about 120 mgs of sulphuric acid.
    B) Sulphuric acid silver sulphate reagent. Add 5.5 gms of AgSO4to 1 kg of
    conc.H2SO4keep the same overnight.
    C) Standard 0.1 N ferrous ammonium sulphate solution Fe(NH4)2 . (SO4)2.6H2O.
    D) Ferroin indicator dissolve 1.485 gms of 1-10 phenanthraline monohydrate
    with 0.695 pure FeSO4 7H2O in distilled water. Dilute to 100ml. this indicator
    is a commercially available.
    E) Conc. H2SO4

    5. PROCEDURE
    A) Take reflux flask and to it 0.4 gms of H2SO4 and 20 ml of sample .(if required
    dilute to suitable degree ). Mix well.
    B) Add 10 ml of 0.25 N K2CR2O7 . Drop some pumice stone and slowly add 30
    ml of con.H2SO4 AgSO4 reagent.

    C) Mix the content thoroughly and connect the flask to condenser. Reflux for 2
    hours.
    D) Cool and wash down the condenser. Dilute the mixture to 150 ml by adding
    distilled water.
    E) Add 3 drop of ferroin indicator and titrate with N/10 ferrous ammonium
    sulphate solution, till the color change from green to wine red. Note the end
    point.
    F) Perform the same procedure with Blank using distilled water instead of
    the sample.

    OBSERVATION TABLE AND SAMPLE CALCULATIONS


    SR.
    NO.

    SAMPLE VOLUME

    VOLUME

    ML OF FERROUS
    AMMONIUM
    SULPHATE RUN
    DOWN
    SAMPLE V1

    ML OF FERROUS
    AMMONIUM
    SULPHATE RUN
    DOWN
    BLANK V2

    1.
    2.
    3.
    4.
    AVE
    AVE
    COD MGS/LIT.=(V1-V2) . normality of . 8000 ferrous ammo
    sulphate
    _____________________________________
    volume of sample
    =_______mg/lit
    The sample is dilute COD in mgs/lit.= COD as above . dilution ratio
    For sample if dilution is 10%(ie10 to 100)i.e. 10 ml of sample and 90 ml of
    distilled water.
    Then COD in = _________mgs/lit.

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