OISD STANDARD - 116

Second Edition, August 2007 FOR RESTRICTED CIRCULATION ONL

FIRE !ROTECTION FACILITIES FOR !ETROLEU" REFINERIES # OIL$%AS !ROCESSIN% !LANTS

OISD & STD & 116 Second Edition, August 2007

Oi' Indust() S*+et) Di(ecto(*te %o,e(n-ent o+ Indi* "inist() o+ !et(o'eu- # N*tu(*' %*s

OISD STANDARD - 116

Second Edition, August 2007 FOR RESTRICTED CIRCULATION ONL

FIRE !ROTECTION FACILITIES FOR !ETROLEU" REFINERIES AND OIL$%AS !ROCESSIN% !LANTS

Prepared by CO""ITTEE ON FIRE !ROTECTION

OIL INDUSTR SAFET DIRECTORATE

7th Floor, New Delhi House 27-Barakhamba Road New Delhi - 110001

NOTES

!"D # !$ !ND%"&R' "(F)&' D!R)*& R(&)+ publi,atio-s are prepared .or use i- the oil a-d /as i-dustry u-der 0i-istry o. Petroleum 1 Natural 2as3 &hese are the property o. 0i-istry o. Petroleum a-d Natural 2as a-d shall -ot be reprodu,ed or ,opied a-d loa-ed or e4hibited to others without writte- ,o-se-t .rom !"D3 &hou/h e5ery e..ort has bee- made to assure the a,,ura,y a-d reliability o. the data ,o-tai-ed i- these do,ume-ts, !"D hereby e4pressly dis,laims a-y liability or respo-sibility .or loss or dama/e resulti-/ .rom their use3 &hese do,ume-ts are i-te-ded o-ly to suppleme-t a-d -ot to repla,e the pre5aili-/ statutory re6uireme-ts3

!!

FORE.ORD

&he oil i-dustry i- !-dia is o5er 100 years old3 7ariety o. pra,ti,es ha5e beei- 5o/ue be,ause o. ,ollaboratio- 8 asso,iatio- with di..ere-t .orei/- ,ompa-ies a-d /o5er-me-ts3 "ta-dardisatio- i- desi/- philosophies 1 operati-/ a-d mai-te-a-,e pra,ti,es at a -atio-al le5el was hardly i- e4iste-,e3 &his ,oupled with .eedba,k .rom some serious a,,ide-ts that o,,urred i- the re,e-t past i- !-dia a-d abroad, emphasised the -eed .or the i-dustry to re5iew the e4isti-/ state o. art i- desi/-i-/, operati-/ a-d mai-tai-i-/ oil a-d /as i-stallatio-s3 9ith this i- 5iew, il !-dustry "a.ety Dire,torate # !"D+ was established i1:;< sta..ed .rom withi- the i-dustry .or .ormulati-/ a-d impleme-ti-/ a series o. sel. re/ulatory measures aimed at remo5i-/ obsoles,e-,e, sta-dardisi-/ a-d up/radi-/ the e4isti-/ sta-dards to e-sure sa.er operatio-s3 !"D ,o-stituted a -umber o. ,ommittees ,omprisi-/ o. e4perts -omi-ated .rom the i-dustry to draw up sta-dards a-d /uideli-es o- 5arious areas o. ,o-,er-3 &he prese-t do,ume-t o- =Fire Prote,tio- Fa,ilities .or Petroleum Re.i-eries 1 il82as pro,essi-/ pla-ts= is First Re5isio- o. the do,ume-t prepared by the *ommittee o- =Fire Prote,tio-= whi,h was ori/i-ally published i- 1::13 (ttempts ha5e bee- made to i-,orporate the latest te,h-olo/i,al ,ha-/es, e4perie-,e /ai-ed i- its impleme-tatio- duri-/ last >-? years a-d rele5a-t ,ha-/es i- the li/ht o. 5arious -atio-al a-d i-ter-atio-al ,odes a-d pra,ti,es3 !t is hoped that the pro5isio- o. this do,ume-t, i. impleme-ted ob@e,ti5ely will /o a lo-/ way i- impro5i-/ the sa.ety i- the oil 1 /as i-dustry3 &his do,ume-t will be re5iewed periodi,ally .or impro5eme-ts based o- the -ew e4perie-,es a-d better u-dersta-di-/3 "u//estio-s .rom users8i-dustry members may be addressed to A &he *o-ordi-ator *ommittee o- =Fire Prote,tio-= il !-dustry "a.ety Dire,torate 7th Floor, New Delhi House 27-Barakhamba Road New Delhi 110001

!!!

FUNCTIONAL CO""ITTEE
/ Fi(st Edition - "*(c0, 11112

N*-e
13 S$S0(i 0303Bapoor R3P3 Bhatla #upto C13123:>+ (3(3 Rai,hur "3 Neelka-thaP3D3 Doshu5a "u-il Bumar 73P3 7aidhya "3N3 0ukhar@ee (3B3 Das R3P3 "a4e-a H3B3 B3 "i-/h 7i@ay 03 Ra-alkar

Design*tion $ O(g*nis*tion
)-/i-eers !-dia $imited #w3e3.3 1313:?+ )-/i-eers !-dia $imited Hi-dusta- Petroleum *orporatio- $imited 0adras Re.i-eries $imited *o,hi- Re.i-eries $imited !-dia- il *orporatio$imited Hi-dusta- Petroleum *orporatio- $imited Bharat Petroleum *orporatio- $imited Bo-/ai/ao- Re.i-eries 1 Petro,hemi,als $td3 il 1 Natural 2as *orporatio- $td3 !BP *o3 $td3 il !-dustry "a.ety Dire,torate $eader $eader 0ember 0ember 0ember 0ember 0ember 0ember 0ember 0ember

St*tus

23 C3 >3 ?3 <3 73 ;3 :3 103 113

0ember 0ember *oordi-ator

!- additio- to the abo5e, se5eral other e4perts .rom i-dustry ,o-tributed i- the preparatio-, re5iew a-d .i-alisatio- o. the do,ume-t3

!7

FUNCTIONAL CO""ITTEE
/ Second Edition - "*(c0 20072

N*-e
LEADER "hri (r5i-d Bumar "E"3ERS "hri (3(3 Rai,hur "hri "3 P3 2ar/ "hri 23 B3 &olmore "hri 23 *3 Bu-du "hri "3N3 0ukhar@ee "hri P3 B3 Bora "hri (3B3 Das "hri B3 73 "i-/h "hri D3P3B3Hepat "hri D3 B3 7arsh-ey "E"3ER COORDINATOR "hri P3 Bulshreshtha

O(g*nis*tion
)-/i-eers !-dia $imited, New Delhi

Hindustan Petroleum *orporatio- $imited, 0umbai3 2(!$ #!-dia + $imited, Pata #%P+3 !-dia- il *orporatio- $imited, New Delhi3 Indian Oil Corporation $imited, Pa-ipat3 Bharat Petroleum *orporatio- $imited3 0umbai3 Bongaigaon Refineries 1 Petro,hemi,als $td, Bo-/ai-/ao-3 Kochi Refineries $imited, Bo,hi3 Hindustan Petroleum *orporatio- $imited, 7iEa/3 Chennai Petroleum Corporation Limited, Chennai. il !-dustry "a.ety Dire,torate, New Delhi3 il !-dustry "a.ety Dire,torate, New Delhi3

!- additio- to the abo5e, se5eral other e4perts .rom i-dustry ,o-tributed i- the preparatio-, re5iew a-d .i-alisatio- o. the do,ume-t3

FIRE !ROTECTION FACILITIES FOR !ETROLEU" AND OIL$%AS !ROCESSIN% !LANTS

SECTION 130 230 C30 >30 >31 >32 ?30 ?31 ?32 ?3C ?3> ?3? ?3< ?37 ?3; ?3: ?310 <30 <31 <32 <3C <3> <3? <3< <37 <3; <3: <310 <311 730 731 732 73C 73> ;30 ;31 ;32 :30 :31 :32 1030 1031 1032 1130 1131 1132 113C 1230 1C30 1C31 DESCRI!TION !-trodu,tio",ope De.i-itio-s Fire Prote,tio- philosophy 2e-eral ,o-sideratio-s Desi/- ,riteria Fire 9ater "ystem Basis .or Firewater system Firewater Flow Rate Header Pressure Firewater "tora/e 1 0ake up Firewater Pumps Firewater Distributio- Network Hydra-ts a-d 0o-itors - Details 0aterial "pe,i.i,atio-s Fi4ed 9ater "pray "ystem Fi4ed 9ater "pri-kler "ystem Foam "ystems &ypes o. Foam $ow )4pa-sio- Foam Foam *o-5eyi-/ "ystems Floati-/ Roo. &a-k Prote,tio- usi-/ .oam Fi4ed Roo. &a-k Prote,tio- usi-/ .oam Floati-/ ,um Fi4ed Roo. &a-k Prote,tio- usi-/ .oam Dyke (rea8"pill Fire Prote,tio- usi-/ .oam Foam (ppli,atio- Rate Duratio- o. Foam Dis,har/e Foam Fua-tity Re6uireme-t Foam *ompou-d "tora/e *lea- (/e-t based Prote,tio- "ystem Re,omme-ded %se o. *lea- (/e-t Fua-tity a-d "tora/e o. *lea- (/e-t Floati-/ Roo. &a-k Prote,tio- usi-/ *lea- (/e-t *o-trol Room a-d *omputer Room Prote,tio*arbo- Dio4ide "ystems Re,omme-ded %se o. * 2 system * 2 "ystem Desi/Dry *hemi,al )4ti-/uishi-/ "ystem Re,omme-ded use o. Dry ,hemi,al e4ti-/uishi-/ system Desi/- o. Dry *hemi,al )4ti-/uishi-/ "ystem First (id Fire-.i/hti-/ 1 0is,ella-eous )6uipme-t *riteria to determi-e the Fua-tity -eeded 0is,ella-eous )6uipme-t 0obile Fire-.i/hti-/ )6uipme-t Fire &e-ders ther 0obile )6uipme-t ther Fire Fi/hti-/ )6uipme-t "tora/e o. Fire Fi/hti-/ (/e-ts Dete,tio- system a-d (larm (reas to be ,o5ered with dete,tors !A%E NO4 : : : 10 11 11 12 1C 1C 1C 1C 1> 1? 1< 17 1; 1: 1: 1: 1: 1: 20 21 21 21 21 21 21 22 22 22 22 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2> 2> 2> 2> 2> 2? 2< 2< 2< 2< 27 2; 2;

<

SECTION 1>30 1?30 1?31 1?32 1?3C 1?3> 1?3? 1?3< 1?37 1?3; 1?3: 1<30 1730 1;30 1:30 2030 2130 2230 2C30

DESCRI!TION *ommu-i,atio- "ystem !-spe,tio- 1 &esti-/ o. Fire Prote,tio- "ystem Fire 9ater Pumps Fire 9ater Ri-/ 0aiFire 9ater "pray "ystem Fi4ed Foam "ystem *lea- (/e-t based )4ti-/uishi-/ "ystem 0obile Fire Fi/hti-/ )6uipme-t a-d (,,essories D*P 8 * 2 8 Foam type Fire )4ti-/uishers *ommu-i,atio- "ystem Dete,tors Fire Fi/hti-/ r/a-isatioFire Prote,tio- &rai-i-/ 0utual (id Fire )mer/e-,y Pro,edures Fire "tatio-8*o-trol Room Passi5e Fire Prote,tio- 0easures 8 ther "a.ety measures Fire Prote,tio- system (udit Re.ere-,es ANNE5URES I II &ypi,al e4ample .or ,al,ulatio- o. Fire 9ater Flow Rate &ypi,al e4ample .or ,al,ulatio- o. Foam *ompou-d Re6uireme-t III Broad spe,i.i,atio-s .or Fire Fi/hti-/ )6uipme-t I6 Fire &rai-i-/ 2rou-d - Fa,ilities 6 &ypi,al (rra-/eme-t o. 0utual (id 6I &ypi,al e4ample o. .ire ,ase i- a lar/e Floati-/ Roo. &a-k a.ter si-ki-/ o. .loati-/ roo. 6II (utomati, (,tuated Rim-seal Prote,tio- "ystem .or lar/er Floati-/ Roo. &a-ks 6III Brie. des,riptio- o. .ire-.i/hti-/ .oam

!A%E NO4 2; 2: C0 C0 C0 C0 C0 C0 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C2 C2 C2 CC CC CC

C< >? >; ?0 ?C ?? ?< ?:

-----"OIS here!" e#pressl" disclaims an" lia!ilit" or responsi!ilit" for loss or damage resulting from use of the OIS Standards$ %uidelines$ Recommended Practices."

FIRE !ROTECTION FACILITIES FOR !ETROLEU" REFINERIES AND OIL$%AS !ROCESSIN% !LANTS
140 INTRODUCTION )5e- thou/h petroleum re.i-eries a-d oil8 /as pro,essi-/ i-stallatio-s are /e-erally lo,ated i- remote areas, e4perie-,e shows that reside-tial8i-dustrial u-its ,ome up i- ,lose pro4imity with the passa/e o. time3 He-,e, these i-stallatio-s whi,h store, pro,ess a-d ha-dle lar/e 6ua-tity o. .lammable materials, pose threat to surrou-di-/s as well, i- additioto their ow- sa.ety3 "u,h ,o-ditio-s, there.ore, -e,essitate the i-trodu,tio- o. i--built .ire prote,tio- .a,ilities3 !t is impra,ti,al a-d prohibiti5ely ,ostly to desi/- .ire prote,tio- .a,ilities to ,o-trol ,atastrophi, .ires3 %sual re6uireme-t o. ae..e,ti5e .ire prote,tio- system is to pre5e-t emer/e-,ies .rom de5elopi-/ i-to ma@or threat to the i-stallatio-s a-d surrou-di-/s3 &he re6uireme-t o. .ire .i/hti-/ .a,ilities, des,ribed i- the .ollowi-/ ,hapters is based o- the ,o-sideratio- that the .ire .i/hti-/ ser5i,es .rom ,ity .ire bri/ade a-d8or .rom other -ei/hbouri-/ i-dustries will -ot be a5ailable3 same ma-a/eme-t a-d i- ,lose pro4imity to the re.i-eries 1 /as pro,essi-/ pla-ts3 For su,h ,ases, ,ommo- .irewater stora/e a-d pumpi-/ .a,ilities may be ,o-sidered. therwise, to prote,t the .a,ilities lo,ated outside the .ollowi-/ !"D sta-dards shall applyA $P2 stora/e, ha-dli-/ 1 bottli-/ pla-ts --- u-der !"D-"&D-1>> 1 !"D-2DN-1<:3 0ou-ded stora/e G u-der !"D-"&D-1?03 Petroleum Depots, &ermi-als, (F", $ube Ble-di-/ pla-ts 1 Pipeli-e !-stallatio-s --- u-der !"D-"&D-1173 *e-tral &a-k Farm #*&F+ --!"D-"&D G 1173 2roup 2atheri-/ "tatio- #22"+, il *olle,ti-/ "tatio-s # *"+ --u-der !"D-"&D-1;:3 740 DEFINITIONS i2 !ETROLEU" REFINER ( pla-t where ,rude oil is re,ei5ed a-d pro,essed to produ,e 5arious i-termediates a-d .i-ished produ,ts3 ii2 OIL$%AS !ROCESSIN% !LANT ( pla-t where oil8-atural /as is ,olle,ted a-d pro,essed to produ,e il8$P2 a-d other petroleum .ra,tio-s3 Drilli-/ a,ti5ities a-d .a,ilities upstream o. the *hristmas tree o. a well are -ot ,o5ered u-der this de.i-itio-3 iii2 L!% 3OTTLIN% !LANT ( pla-t where $P2 is stored a-d .illed i-to ,yli-ders3 Re,eipt a-d despat,h o. $P2 by rail, road a-d pipeli-e are also ,o-sidered u-der this de.i-itio-3 i,2 !ETROLEU" DE!OTS, TER"INALS AND OIL # %AS INSTALLATIONS &hese i-,lude lo,atio-s where Petroleum ,rude8Produ,ts/LPG are re,ei5ed by ta-ker, pipeli-es, ta-k wa/o-s a-d ta-k tru,ks a-d stored or ble-ded i- bulk and despat,hed by ta-kers, pipeli-es, ta-k wa/o-s, ta-k tru,ks, portable ta-ks or ,o-tai-ers3

240 SCO!E
i+ &his sta-dard ,o5ers the desi/- ,riteria a-d details o. the 5arious .ire prote,tio.a,ilities to be pro5ided i- petroleum re.i-eries a-d oil8/as pro,essi-/ pla-ts3 &his sta-dard also ,o5ers the .a,ilities lo,ated withi- the re.i-eries a-d oil8 /as pro,essi-/ pla-ts whi,h may i-,ludeA $P2 stora/e, ha-dli-/ a-d bottli-/ pla-ts, 0arketi-/ 1 Pipeli-e &ermi-als with their loadi-/ 8 u--loadi-/8 pumpi-/ a-d ha-dli-/ .a,ilities &his sta-dard does -ot ,o5er the .a,ilities lo,ated outside the premises o. Re.i-eries 1 /as pro,essi-/ pla-ts su,h as $P2 mou-ded stora/e, ha-dli-/ 1 bottli-/ pla-ts, $N2 stora/e Petroleum Depots, &ermi-als, $ube Ble-di-/ pla-ts 1 Pipeli-e !-stallatio-s located out side3 Howe5er, this sta-dard shall be appli,able to those o. abo5e me-tio-ed .a,ilities lo,ated outside the premises u-der the

ii+

iii+

$ube oil i-stallatio-s i-,ludi-/ lube ble-di-/ pla-t 8 2rease ma-u.a,turi-/ pla-ts a-d ,a--.illi-/ .a,ilities also .orm part o. su,h i-stallatio-s. ,2 INSTALLATION For the purpose o. this "ta-dard, i-stallatio- i-,ludes all the .a,ilities as listed i- C#i+ to C#i5+ whi,h are lo,ated i- a Re.i-ery or il82as Pro,essi-/ Pla-t3 5ii+ FLASH POINT8 &he mi-imum temperature at whi,h the li6uid /i5es so mu,h 5apour that this 5apour, whe- mi4ed with air, .orms a- i/-itable mi4ture a-d /i5es a mome-tary .lash o- appli,atio- o. a small pilot .lame u-der spe,i.ied ,o-ditio-s o. test3 ,iii2CLASSIFICATION OF !ETROLEU" !RODUCTS *2 %ene(*' C'*ssi+ic*tion o+ !et(o'eu!(oducts8 Petroleum produ,ts are ,lassi.ied a,,ordi-/ to their ,losed ,up F$("H P !N&" as .ollowsA *lass =(= PetroleumA $i6uids ha5i-/ .lash poi-t below 2C de/rees *3 *lass =B= petroleumA $i6uids ha5i-/ .lash poi-t o. 2C de/rees * a-d abo5e but below <? de/rees *3 *lass =*= petroleum A $i6uids ha5i-/ .lash poi-t o. <? de/rees * a-d abo5e but below :C de/rees *3 )4,luded PetroleumA $i6uids ha5i-/ .lash poi-t o. :C de/rees * a-d abo5e3 $i6ue.ied /ases i-,ludi-/ $P2, do -ot .all u-der this ,lassi.i,atio- but .orm a separate ,ate/ory3 92 C'*ssi+ic*tion +o( 0e*ted :(oducts 8 (t lo,atio-s where the ha-dli-/ temperatures are hi/her tha- the .lash poi-t o. the produ,t i- ,ir,umsta-,es where produ,t ha-dled is arti.i,ially heated to abo5e its .lash poi-t, ,lass =*= produ,t shall be ,o-sidered as *lass =B= produ,t a-d *lass =B= produ,t shall be ,o-sidered as *lass =(= produ,t3

i;2 CLASSIFICATION OF FIRES *lass ( FiresA i-5ol5e ,ombustible materials o. or/a-i, -ature, su,h as wood, paper, rubber a-d ma-y plasti,s, et,3, where the ,ooli-/ e..e,t o. water is esse-tial .or e4ti-,tio- o. .ires3 *lass B FiresA i-5ol5e .lammable li6uids, petroleum produ,ts, or the like, where a bla-keti-/ e..e,t is esse-tial3 *lass * Fires A i-5ol5e .lammable /ases u-der pressure i-,ludi-/ li6ue.ied /ases a-d e-er/ised ele,tri,al e6uipme-t where it is -e,essary to i-hibit the bur-i-/ /as at a .ast rate with a- i-ert /as, powder or 5apourisi-/ li6uid .or e4ti-/uishme-t3 *lass D FiresA i-5ol5e ,ombustible materials su,h as ma/-esium, alumi-um, Ei-,, sodium, potassium3 &he bur-i-/ metals are rea,ti5e to water a-d water ,o-tai-i-/ a/e-ts, a-d i- ,ertai- ,ases ,arbo- dio4ide, halo/e-ated hydro,arbo-s a-d ordi-ary dry powders3 &hese .ires re6uire spe,ial media a-d te,h-i6ue to e4ti-/uish3 4+ S0*''8 i-di,ates pro5isio-s that are ma-datory i- -ature3 4i+ S0ou'd8 i-di,ates that pro5isio- is re,omme-datory as per /ood e-/i-eeri-/ pra,ti,es3 4ii+ "*)8 i-di,ates pro5isio-s that are optio-al 4iii+ C'e*n Agent8 ele,tri,ally -o-,o-du,ti5e, 5olatile or /aseous .ire e4ti-/uisha-ts that does -ot lea5e a residue upo- e5aporatio- a-d meets the re6uireme-ts /i5e- i- the latest NFP( 2001 o- ,lea- a/e-t .ire e4ti-/uishi-/ systems i- li-e with e-5iro-me-tal ,o-sideratio- o. Byoto Proto,ol3 <40FIRE !ROTECTION !=ILOSO!= &he Fire Prote,tio- Philosophy is based o- $oss Pre5e-tio- a-d *o-trol3 !t ,o-siders that a hydro,arbo- pro,essi-/ pla-t ,arries i-here-t pote-tial haEard3 ( .ire i- o-e part8se,tio- o. the pla-t ,a- e-da-/er other se,tio-s o. pla-t as well3 !. .ire

breaks out, it must be ,o-trolled 8 e4ti-/uished as 6ui,kly as possible to mi-imise the loss to li.e a-d property a-d to pre5e-t .urther spread o. .ire3 <41 %ENERAL CONSIDERATIONS &he siEe o. pro,ess pla-t, pressure a-d temperature ,o-ditio-s, siEe o. stora/e, pla-t lo,atio- a-d terraidetermi-e the basi, .ire prote,tio-eed3 $ayout o. a- i-stallatio- shall be do-e i- a,,orda-,e with !"D"ta-dard-11; o- $ayouts to e-sure ade6uate .ire .i/hti-/ a,,ess, mea-s o. es,ape i- ,ase o. .ire a-d also se/re/atio- o. .a,ilities so that the ad@a,e-t .a,ilities are -ot e-da-/ered duri-/ a .ire3 0aterial o. ,o-stru,tio.or i-.rastru,ture .a,ilities shall ,o-.orm to Natio-al Buildi-/ *ode#NB*+ 8 statutory re/ulatio-s3 &he .ollowi-/ .ire prote,tio- .a,ilities shall be pro5ided depe-di-/ upo- the -ature o. the i-stallatio- a-d risk i-5ol5ed3 & Fire 9ater "ystem & Foam "ystem & *lea- (/e-t Fire Prote,tiosystem & *arbo- Dio4ide "ystem & Dry *hemi,al )4ti-/uishi-/ "ystem & Dete,tio- a-d (larm system & *ommu-i,atio- "ystem & Portable .ire .i/hti-/ e6uipme-t & 0obile .ire .i/hti-/ e6uipme-t <42 DESI%N CRITERIA &he .ollowi-/ shall be the basi, desi/,riteria .or a .ire prote,tio- system3 i+ Fa,ilities should be desi/-ed o- the basis that ,ity .ire water supply is -ot a5ailable ,lose to the i-stallatio-3 ii+ Fire prote,tio- .a,ilities shall be desi/-ed to .i/ht two ma@or .ires simulta-eously a-y where ithe i-stallatio-3 Fire water re6uireme-ts will be de,ided as per /uideli-es /i5e- i(--e4ure-l3 <4241 i+

iii+

(ll the ta-k .arms a-d other areas o. i-stallatiowhere hydro,arbo-s are ha-dled shall be .ully ,o5ered by hydra-t "ystem3

Fi;ed .*te( S:(*) on sto(*ge T*n>s *lass =(= Petroleum stora/e iabo5e /rou-d ta-ks shall ha5e .i4ed water spray system, whether .loati-/ roo. or .i4ed roo.3 *lass =B= Petroleum stora/e ta-ks o. .ollowi-/ dime-sio-s shall be pro5ided with .i4ed water spray3

ii+

& Floati-/ roo. ta-ks o. diameter lar/er tha- C0 03 & Fi4ed roo. ta-ks o. diameter lar/er tha- 20 03 <4242 i+ Se-i-+i;ed Fo*- s)ste- +o( Sto(*ge "emi-.i4ed Foam system shall be pro5ided .or the .ollowi-/ ta-ksA & Floati-/ roo. ta-ks stori-/ *lass =(= a-d *lass =B= petroleum produ,ts3 & Fi4ed roo. ta-ks stori-/ *lass =(= a-d ,lass =B= petroleum produ,ts3 & Fi4ed roo. ta-ks stori-/ ,lass =*= petroleum produ,ts, o. diameter lar/er tha- >0 03 >323C Auto-*tic Actu*ted Ri- se*' !(otection S)ste- +o( F'o*ting Roo+ t*n>s8 (utomati, (,tuated rim seal .ire e4ti-/uishi-/ system should be ,o-sidered .or .loati-/ roo. ta-k diameter o. <0 meters a-d abo5e .or ,lass H(I produ,ts3 Howe5er, ili/ht-i-/ pro-e area, .or .loati-/ roo. ta-k o. diameter <0 meter a-d abo5e, (utomati, rim seal .ire e4ti-/uishi-/ system shall be pro5ided3 &he (utomati, (,tuated rim seal .ire e4ti-/uishi-/ system may be based o- Foam Floodi-/ or *lea- (/e-t Floodi-/ me,ha-ism3 &his is iadditio- to the water spray a-d semi.i4ed .oam system o- all the .loati-/ roo. ta-ks stori-/ ,lass ( 1 B produ,ts3

10

Foam Floodi-/ systemA "ele,tio- a-d desi/- o. .oam based .ire prote,tiosystem should be as de.i-ed i- latest "ta-dard .or Foam systems - NFP(111 11(3 *lea(/e-t Floodi-/ systemA "ele,tio- o. *lea- (/e-t a-d system desi/- .or .ire prote,tio- should be ili-e with the H"ta-dard o- *lea- (/e-t Fire )4ti-/uishi-/ "ystems G NFP( 2001#)ditio- 200>+ a-d the latestI3 &he ,lea- a/e-t should also ,omply with the re6uireme-ts o. the H Eo-e Depletio- "ubsta-,es Re/ulatio- 1 *o-trol Rules,2000,0i-istry o. )-5iro-me-t 1 Forests, 2o5er-me-t o. !-dia3 $isted *lea- (/e-ts like &ri.luoroiodide a-d others ,a- be used as .ire suppressa-t .or .loati-/ roo. rim seal Fire Prote,tio- "ystem3 $isted *lea- (/e-ts like Fluoroketo-e a-d others ,a- be used as .ire suppressa-t i- *o-trol rooms a-d *omputer rooms3

produ,ts ,lass =(= unde( :i:e (*c>s4 & Pumps ha-dli-/ produ,ts abo5e auto-i/-itio- temperature unde( :i:e (*c>s & (ir .i- ,oolers i- hydro,arboser5i,e lo,ated *9o,e :i:e (*c>s 8 elevated location3 & Water spray rings for columns of height more than 45 M should be provided >323< .*te( S:(*) +o( E'ect(ic*' Inst*''*tion 9ater spray re6uireme-t with mode o. operatio- to be ,o-sidered i- li-e with pro5isio-s o. !"D-"&D-17C3 &he water to be used should be ,lear a-d -osali-e3 >3237 C'e*n Agent / =*'on su9stitute2 +o( Cont(o' (oo-s "ele,tio- o. *lea- (/e-t a-d desi/- o. Fire prote,tio- system .or pro,ess ,o-trol rooms, ,omputer rooms a-d pressurised rooms should .ollow the "ta-dard o- H*lea- (/e-t )4ti-/uishi-/ systems NFP( "ta-dard 2001 #)ditio200>+ i-,ludi-/ its sa.ety /uideli-es with respe,t to HHaEards to Perso--elI, ele,tri,al ,leara-,e a-d e-5iro-me-tal .a,tors i- li-e with e-5iro-me-tal ,o-sideratio-s o. Byoto Proto,ol3 *lea(/e-ts like i-ert /as, Fluoroketo-e ,abe used as .ire suppressa-t i- *o-trol rooms a-d *omputer rooms3 >323; Loading / unloading Gantry il loadi-/8u-loadi-/ &a-k &ru,k 1 &a-k 9a/o- 2a-tries shall be pro5ided with water spray a-d8or .oam system3 ?40 FIRE .ATER S STE" Based o- the site re6uireme-t, water is used .or .ire e4ti-/uishme-t, .ire ,o-trol, ,ooli-/ o. e6uipme-t a-d prote,tio- o. e6uipme-t as well as perso--el .rom heat radiatio-3 For these purposes water i- appropriate .orm should be used su,h as strai/ht @et, water .o/, water ,urtai-, water spray, delu/e8 spri-kler, .or .oam maki-/ et,3 Fire water system shall ,omprise o. .ire water stora/e, .ire water pumps a-d distributio- pipi-/ -etwork alo-/ with hydra-ts a-d mo-itors, as the mai- ,ompo-e-ts3

4.2.4 Automatic Water Spray for Pressurised storages including LPG / Hydrogen i+ $P2 and hydrogen Pressure stora/e 5essels shall be pro5ided with automati, water spray system3 (utomati, water spray system shall be pro5ided i- $P2 bottli-/ statio-s, $P2 loadi-/8u-loadi-/ /a-tries a-d $P2 pump a-d ,ompressor areas i- all -ew re.i-eries a-d .or e4isti-/ re.i-eries this ,o-5ersio- to automati, shall be do-e i- phased ma--er3 nit

ii+

>323? Water Spray System in Process i+

9ater spray system shall be pro5ided .or haEardous lo,atio-s a-d e6uipme-t i- pro,ess u-it areas3 "ome o. these areas areA

& %--i-sulated 5essels ha5i-/ ,apa,ity lar/er tha- ?0 mC a-d ,o-tai-i-/ ,lass ( or B .lammable li6uid3 & 7essels i-a,,essible to .ire te-der8 mobile e6uipme-t, .ire hydra-ts & Pumps ha-dli-/ petroleum

11

?41

3ASIS n line !ith the design criteria given at 4.2 "ii#$ the .ire water system i- ai-stallatio- shall be desi/-ed to meet the .ire water .low re6uireme-t .or .i/hti-/ two .ires simulta-eously or single fire for largest floating roof tan% roof sin%ing case$ whi,he5er re6uiri-/ lar/est water dema-d3

a//re/ate o. the .ollowi-/A & 9ater .low ,al,ulated .or ,ooli-/ $P2 sphere o- .ire at a rate o. 1032 !pm8m2 o. sphere sur.a,e area3 & 9ater .low ,al,ulated .or all other spheres .alli-/ withi- a radius o. #RJC0+ metre .rom ,e-tre o. the sphere o- .ire at the rate o. 1032 !pm8m2 o. sur.a,e area3 & !. the water rate as ,al,ulated abo5e works out to be more tha- 2000 mC8hr the layout o. the spheres should be re5iewed3 & 9ater .low .or suppleme-tary stream shall be ,o-sidered as 2;; mC8hr as i-di,ated u-der item #i+3 & &he spheres should be laid i- two separate /roups with ea,h /roup limited to a ma4imum o. < 5essels &he /roups shall pre.erably be separated by a dista-,e o. #RJC0+ metre3 iii+ 9ater .low rate re6uireme-ts .or .ire .i/hti-/ i- ot0e( -*@o( *(e*s shall be ,al,ulated based o,riteria in terms of lpm/m2 /i5e- ise,tio- ?3:3 ?47 =EADER !RESSURE &he .ire water system shall be desi/-ed .or a mi-imum residual pressure o. 730 k/8,m2/ at the hydrauli,ally remotest poi-t o. appli,atio- at the desi/-ed .low rate at that poi-t3 &he .ire water -etwork shall be kept pressurised at mi-imum 730 k/8,m2/ at all the time3 ?4< ?4<41 STORA%E # "AAE-U! .ATER FIRE.ATER STORA%E 9ater .or the hydra-t ser5i,e shall be stored i- a-y easily a,,essible sur.a,e or u-der/rou-d li-ed reser5oir or abo5e /rou-d ta-ks o. steel, ,o-,rete or maso-ry3 &he stora/e should be lo,ated as .ar away as possible #-ot less tha- <0 0+ .rom haEardous areas to a5oid a-y dama/e i- ,ase o. .ire8e4plosio-3 &he e..e,ti5e ,apa,ity o. the reser5oir abo5e the le5el o. su,tio- poi-t shall be mi-imum > hours a//re/ate worki-/ ,apa,ity o.

?42FIRE.ATER FLO. RATE &wo o. the lar/est .low rates ,al,ulated .or di..ere-t se,tio-s as show- below shall be added a-d that shall be take- as desi/- .low rate3 ( typi,al e4ample .or ,al,ulati-/ desi/.ire water .low rate is /i5e- i(--e4ure-13 i+ Fire 9ater .low rate +o( t*n> +*(shall be a//re/ate o. the .ollowi-/A & 9ater .low ,al,ulated .or ,ooli-/ a ta-k-o--.ire at a rate o. C !pm8m2 o. ta-k shell area3 & 9ater .low ,al,ulated .or all other ta-ks .alli-/ withi- a radius o. #RJC0+ 0 .rom ,e-tre o. the ta-k o- .ire a-d situated i- the same dyke area, at a rate o. C !pm8m2 o. ta-k shell area3 & 9ater .low ,al,ulated .or all other ta-ks .alli-/ outside a radius o. #RJC0+ 0 .rom ,e-tre o. the ta-k o- .ire a-d situated i- the same dyke area at a rate o. 1 !pm8m2 o. ta-k shell area3 & 9ater .low re6uired .or applyi-/ .oam i-to a si-/le lar/est ,o-e roo. or .loati-/ roo. ta-k #a.ter the roo. has su-k+ bur-i-/ sur.a,e area o. oil, by way o. .i4ed .oam system, where pro5ided or by use o. water8.oam mo-itors3 #Re.er se,tio- <3; .or .oam rates+3 & Fire water .low rate .or suppleme-tary stream, shall be based ousi-/ > si-/le hydra-t outlets a-d 1 mo-itor simulta-eously3 *apa,ity o. ea,h hydra-t outlet as C< mC8hr a-d o. ea,h mo-itor as 1>> mC8hr may be ,o-sidered at a pressure o. 7 k/8,m2/3 ii+ Fire water .low rate +o( L!% s:0e(e sto(*ge *(e* shall be

12

main pumps #e4,ludi-/ sta-dby pumps+. 9here rate o. make up water supply is ?0K or more, this stora/e ,apa,ity may be redu,ed to C hours a//re/ate worki-/ ,apa,ity o. maipumps3 "tora/e reser5oir shall be itwo e6ual i-ter,o--e,ted ,ompartme-ts to .a,ilitate ,lea-i-/ a-d repairs3 $ar/e -atural reser5oirs ha5i-/ water ,apa,ity e4,eedi-/ 10 times the a//re/ate water re6uireme-t o. .ire pumps may be le.t u-li-ed3 !- additio- to .ire water stora/e e-5isa/ed as abo5e, emer/e-,y water supply i- the e5e-t o. depletio- o. water stora/e shall be ,o-sidered3 "u,h water supplies may be ,o--e,ted .rom ,ooli-/ water supply header a-d8or treated e..lue-t dis,har/e headers3 Fire water supply shall be pre.erably .rom .resh water sour,e su,h as ri5er, tubewell or lake3 9here .resh water sour,e is -ot easily a5ailable, .ire water supply may be sea water or other a,,eptable sour,e like treated e..lue-t water3 ?4<42 "AAE U! .ATER "uitable pro5isio-s shall be kept .or make up .irewater duri-/ .ire .i/hti-/ time3 Pro5isio- to be made to di5ert water .rom 5arious sour,es like )&P, Pro,ess *ooli-/ 9ater, ri5er, po-ds et,3 to the .ire water system3 ?4? FIRE.ATER !U"!S Firewater pumps shall be used e4,lusi5ely .or .ire .i/hti-/ purposes3 ?4?41 T):e o+ !u-:s Fire water pumps shall be o. the .ollowi-/ typeA i+ )le,tri, ,e-tri.u/al pumps ii+ Diesel ,e-tri.u/al pumps motor e-/i-e dri5edri5e-

&ach pump shall be ,apable o. dis,har/i-/ 1?0K o. its rated ,apa,ity at a mi-imum o. <?K o. the rated head3 &he shut-o.. head shall -ot e4,eed 120K o. rated head, .or horiEo-tal pumps a-d 1>0K i- ,ase o. 5erti,al turbi-e type pumps3 Number o. diesel dri5e- pumps shall be mi-imum ?0K o. the total -umber o. pumps #i-,lusi5e o. sta-dby pumps+30i-imum ?0K o. total .low re6uireme-t should be a5ailable throu/h diesel dri5e- pumps all the time3 Power supply to the ele,tri, dri5e- pumps should be .rom two separate .eeders3 ?4?42 C*:*cit) o+ -*in !u-:s &he ,apa,ity a-d -umber o. mai- .ire water pumps shall be .i4ed based odesi/- .ire water rate, worked out othe basis o. desi/- ,riteria as per se,tio- ?323 &he ,apa,ity o. ea,h pump shall -ot be less tha- >00 mC8hr or more tha- 1000 mC8hr3 (ll pumps should be ide-ti,al with respe,t to ,apa,ity a-d head ,hara,teristi,s3 ?4?47 St*nd9) :u-:s i+ 9he- total -umber o. 9orki-/ pumps work out to be o-e or two, 100K sta-dby pumps shall be pro5ided3 ii+ 9he- total -umber o. worki-/ pumps are more tha- two, ?0K sta-dby pumps shall be pro5ided3 iii+ !- ,ases where two sets o. .irewater stora/e a-d pumps are pro5ided, the -umber o. pumps at ea,h lo,atio- shall be a,,ordi-/ to hydrauli, a-alysis o. pipi-/ -etwork3 ?4?4< Boc>e) !u-:s &he .ire water -etwork shall be kept pressurised at mi-imum 730 k/8,m2 / by @o,key pumps3 2 Do,key pumps #1 worki-/ plus 1 sta-dby+ shall be pro5ided3 &he ,apa,ity o. the pump shall be su..i,ie-t to mai-tai- system pressure i- the e5e-t o. leaka/es .rom 5al5es et,3 &he ,apa,ity o. @o,key pumps shall be ?K mi-imum a-d ma4imum 10K o. the desi/- .ire water rate3 !ts head shall be hi/her tha- the mai- .ire water pumps3 (uto ,ut-i- 8

&he pumps shall be horiEo-tal ,e-tri.u/al type or 5erti,al turbi-e submersible pumps3

1C

,ut-o.. .a,ility should be pro5ided .or @o,key pumps ?4?4? !oCe( Su::') +o( Fi(e .*te( !u-:s

For bra-,h pipi-/, a- isolatio- 5al5e should be pro5ided at the take-o.. poi-t3 Perma-e-t ,o--e,tio- should -ot be take- .rom .ire water li-e 8 system .or purposes other tha- .ire prote,tio-8 .ire pre5e-tio-3 ?4642 C(ite(i* +o( *9o,e $ unde(g(ound netCo(> &he .irewater -etwork pipi-/ should -ormally be laid abo5e /rou-d at a hei/ht o. atleast C00 mm abo5e .i-ished /rou-d le5el3 Howe5er, the .ire water -etwork pipi-/ shall be laid below /rou-d le5el at the .ollowi-/ pla,es3 Pipes made o. ,omposite material shall be laid u-der/rou-d3 i+ Road ,rossi-/s3

i+ ( dire,t .eeder dedi,ated o-ly to .ire water pumps shall be laid .rom the substatio- to e-sure reliable power supply3 &he dire,t .eeder li-e shall -ot ru- alo-/ with other H& ,ables3 ii+ &he diesel e-/i-es shall be 6ui,k starti-/ type with the help o. push butto-s lo,ated -ear the pumps, or at remote lo,atio-3 iii+ )a,h diesel e-/i-e shall ha5e ai-depe-de-t .uel ta-k ade6uately siEed .or < hours ,o-ti-uous ru--i-/ o. the pump3 i5+ 0ai- .ire water pumps shall start automati,ally a-d se6ue-tially with pressure swit,hes8P$* o- .ire water mai-s3 &he system shall e-sure auto start o. the sta-dby pump i,ase a pump i- se6ue-,e .ailed to take start3 ?4?46 Loc*tion o+ :u-:s Firewater pumps shall be lo,ated as .ar away as possible #-ot less tha- <0 0+ .rom haEardous areas to a5oid a-y dama/e i- ,ase o. .ire8e4plosio-3 &he lo,atio- a-d i-ter-dista-,es .or .irewater pump house a-d related .a,ilities shall .ollow !"D-"&D-11;3 ?46 ?4641 DISTRI3UTION NET.ORA Loo:ing ! "aintaina#ility &he .ire water -etwork shall be laid i,losed loops as .ar as possible to e-sure multi-dire,tio-al .low i- the system3 !solatio- 5al5es shall be pro5ided i- the -etwork to e-able isolatio- o. a-y se,tio- o. the -etwork without a..e,ti-/ the .low i- the rest3 &he isolatio- 5al5es shall be -ormally lo,ated -ear the loop @u-,tio-s3 (dditio-al 5al5es shall be pro5ided ithe se/me-ts where the le-/th o. the se/me-t e4,eeds C00 03 For ease o. mai-te-a-,e, Firewater pumps should be se/re/ated i- two /roups by pro5idi-/ a- isolatio- 5al5e o- ,ommo- dis,har/e header o. pumps3 Flushi-/ ,o--e,tio-s with isolatio5al5es should be pro5ided at suitable lo,atio-s i- the .irewater ri-/ mai-3

ii+ Pla,es where the abo5e /rou-d pipi-/ is likely to ,ause obstru,tio- to operatio- a-d 5ehi,le mo5eme-t, a-d /et dama/ed me,ha-i,ally3 iii+ 9here .rost ,o-ditio- warra-ts, the ri-/ mai- system shall be laid u-der/rou-d be-eath the .rost layer3 ?4647 !(otection :i:e'ines +o( unde(g(ound

9here the pipes are laid u-der/rou-d the .ollowi-/ prote,tio-s shall be pro5idedA i+ &he mai- shall ha5e at least o-e meter earth ,ushio- i- ope- /rou-d a-d 13? metre earth ,ushio- u-der the roads3 !- ,ase o. ,ra-e mo5eme-t areas, pipes may be prote,ted with ,o-,rete8steel e-,aseme-t3 ii+ &he mai-s shall be pro5ided with prote,tio- a/ai-st soil ,orrosio- by suitable ,oati-/8wrappi-/3 iii+ Pipe supports u-der the pipe li-e shall be suitable .or soil ,o-ditio-s3 ?464< !(otection :i:e'ines +o( *9o,e g(ound

9here the pipes are laid abo5e /rou-d, the .ollowi-/ prote,tio- shall be pro5idedA i+ &he .irewater mai-s shall be laid o- i-depe-de-t sleepers by the side o. road3 &hese shall -ot be laid alo-/ with pro,ess

1>

pipi-/ o- ,ommo- sleepers3 ii+ &he mai-s shall be supported at re/ular i-ter5als -ot e4,eedi-/ < metre3 !t should be supported at e5ery C 0 .or pipes less tha- 1?0 mm diameter3 iii+ &he system .or abo5e /rou-d portio- shall be a-alysed .or .le4ibility a/ai-st thermal e4pa-sio- a-d -e,essary e4pa-sioloops shall be pro5ided where5er ,alled .or3 ?464? SiDing of Fire$ater Net$or% Fire water distributio- ri-/ mai- shall be siEed .or 120K o. the desi/- water rate3 Desi/- .low rates shall be distributed at -odal poi-ts to /i5e the most realisti, way o. water re6uireme-ts i- a- emer/e-,y3 "e5eral ,ombi-atio-s o. .low re6uireme-ts shall be assumed .or desi/- o. -etwork3 For lar/e water re6uireme-t .or .loati-/ roo. ta-k #(--e4ure-7!+, the -etwork arou-d ta-k .arm shall be suitably desi/-ed3 &he hydrauli, a-alysis o. -etwork shall be do-e3 ?4646 Fi(e 0)d(*nts Fire hydra-ts shall be pro5ided i- the -etwork to e-sure prote,tio- to all the .a,ilities3 &he lo,atio- o. the hydra-ts shall be ,are.ully de,ided keepi-/ i5iew the easy a,,essibility3 &he ma4imum dista-,e betwee- two hydra-ts, howe5er, shall -ot e4,eed C0 metre arou-d hydro,arbo- stora/e a-d haEardous areas a-d >? metre iother areas3 )a,h hydra-t shall ha5e two outlets i-,li-ed towards the /rou-d3 &he outlets shall be o. .emale i-sta-ta-eous type ha5i-/ a sta-dard siEe o. <C mm ,o-.ormi-/ to !-dia"ta-dards3 Re.er item ?3731 .or .urther details o- hydra-ts3 ?4647 Fi;ed C*te( -onito(s Fi4ed water mo-itors shall be pro5ided o- the .ire water -etwork #Re.3 "e,tio?37 .or details+3 )a,h o. these ,o--e,tio-s shall be pro5ided with i-depe-de-t isolatio- 5al5es3 ?464E L*)out

ii+ Hydra-ts 8 mo-itors shall -ot be lo,ated i-side the dyke area3 ?4641 E'e,*ted$ osci''*ting$ (e-ote o:e(*ted -onito(s &he re6uireme-t o. ele5ated8os,illati-/8 remote operated mo-itors may be,ome -e,essary .or prote,tio- o. ,riti,al e6uipme-t at hi/her ele5atio- #>? 0 a-d abo5e+ 8 i-a,,essible areas3 &his aspe,t should be /i5e- due ,o-sideratio-3 ?47 = DRANTS '(TAILS ?4741 =)d(*nts i+ Hydra-ts shall be lo,ated keepi-/ i- 5iew the .ire haEards at di..ere-t se,tio-s o. the premises to be prote,ted a-d to /i5e most e..e,ti5e ser5i,e3 (t least o-e hydra-t post shall be pro5ided .or e5ery C0 0 o. e4ter-al wall measureme-t or perimeter o. u-it battery limit i- ,ase o. hi/h haEard areas3 Hydra-ts prote,ti-/ utilities a-d mis,ella-eous buildi-/s i- hi/h haEard areas may be spa,ed at >? 0 i-ter5als3 &he horiEo-tal ra-/e a-d ,o5era/e o. hydra-ts with hose ,o--e,tio-s shall -ot be ,o-sidered more tha- >? 03 ii+ &he hydra-ts shall be lo,ated at a mi-imum dista-,e o. 1? 0 .rom the periphery o. stora/e ta-k or haEardous e6uipme-t u-der prote,tio-3 For pro,ess pla-ts lo,atio- o. hydra-ts shall be de,ided based o- ,o5era/e o. all areas3 !- the ,ase o. buildi-/s, this dista-,e shall -ot be less tha- ? 0 a-d more tha- 1? 0 .rom the .a,e o. buildi-/3 Pro5isio- o. hydra-ts withi- buildi-/s shall be i- a,,orda-,e with "ta-dard !" "ta-dard-C;>>3 Hydra-ts 8 0o-itors shall be lo,ated alo-/ road side berms .or easy a,,essibility as .ar as possible3 iii+ Double headed hydra-ts with two separate la-di-/ 5al5es o- >L sta-d post shall be used3 (ll hydra-t outlets shall be situated at a workable hei/ht o. about 132 metre abo5e /rou-d le5el3 i5+ Hydra-ts 8 0o-itors shall be pre.erably lo,ated with bra-,h ,o--e,tio-s a-d -ot dire,tly o5er mai- header .or easy a,,essibility3 ?4742 "onito(s i+ 0o-itors shall be lo,ated at strate/i, lo,atio-s .or prote,tio- o. ,luster o. # "ONITORS &

i+ Fire water mai-s shall -ot pass throu/h buildi-/s or dyke areas3

1?

,olum-s, heaters, /assi.iers, et,3, a-d where it may -ot be possible to approa,h the hi/her le5els3 ( mi-imum o. 2 mo-itors shall be pro5ided .or the prote,tio- o. ea,h su,h area3 9ater mo-itors .or prote,tio- o. heaters shall be i-stalled so that the heater ,a- be isolated .rom the remai-der o. the pla-t i- aemer/e-,y3 ii+ 0o-itors shall be lo,ated to dire,t water o- the ob@e,t as well as to pro5ide water shield to .ireme- approa,hi-/ a .ire3 &he mo-itors should -ot be i-stalled less tha- 1? 0 .rom haEardous e6uipme-t3 iii+ 7ariable .low mo-itors may be i-stalled at ,riti,al lo,atio-s3 &he re6uireme-t o. mo-itors shall be established based o- haEard i-5ol5ed a-d layout ,o-sideratio-s3 &he lo,atio- o. water mo-itors shall -ot e4,eed >? 0 .rom the haEard to be prote,ted3 Monitors should be painted !ith Luminous colour for ease of identification during emergency3 ?4747 'ry/Wet )isers !ith hydrants should be provided on each floor of technological structures3 ?474< "o9i'e$Fi;ed =ig0 .*te($Fo*- "onito(s 6o'u-e

?4E

"ATERIAL S!ECIFICATIONS (ll the materials re6uired .or .irewater system usi-/ .resh water shall be o. appro5ed type as i-di,ated below3

i+ PipesA *arbo- "teel as per !"A C?;:8 !"A 12C:8!"A1:7; or *omposite materials as per (P! 1?$R8(P! 1? HR or its e6ui5ale-t shall be used3 !- ,ase sali-e water8 treated e..lue-t water is used , the .ire water mai- o. steel pipes shall be, i-ter-ally ,eme-t mortar li-ed or /lass rei-.or,ed epo4y ,oated or made o. pipe material suitable .or the 6uality o. water3 (lter-ati5ely, pipes made o. ,omposite materials shall be used3 *ast iro- pipes shall -ot be used .or .ire water ser5i,es3 ii+ !solatio- 7al5esA *ast "teel valves shall be used i- u-it areas a-d .ire water pump statio-s3 !- o..site areas also, use o. *ast "teel 5al5es is pre.erable compared to 'ast ron3 Howe5er, it may be de,ided oe,o-omi, ,o-sideratio-s .or ea,h ,ase3 !solatio- 5al5es ha5i-/ ope-8,lose i-di,atio- shall be 2ate 5al5es with8without /ear me,ha-ism depe-di-/ upo- the siEe3 iii+ Hydra-tA "ta-dpostA *arbo- "teel utlet 5al5esA 2u-metal 8 (lumi-ium $a-di-/ 5al5es A "tai-less "teel 8 (!M- (lloy8/u- metal3 i5+ 0o-itorsA *arbo- "teel8 2u- 0etal8 stai-less steel3 5+ Fire HoseARei-.or,ed Rubber $i-ed Hose as per !" <C< #&ype (+8No-per,olati-/ "y-theti, Hose #&ype B+3 5i+ !- ,ase o. u-der/rou-d mai-s the isolatio- 5al5es shall be lo,ated iR**8bri,k maso-ary ,hamber3 5ii+ &he abo5e /rou-d .ire water mai-s a-d the .ire hydra-t sta-dpost shall be pai-ted with ,orrosio- resista-t LFire RedL pai-t shade 5() of *+ ,-),3

Pro5isio- .or .i/hti-/ stora/e ta-k .ire .rom road side throu/h mobile8.i4ed85ariable .low hi/h 5olume lo-/ ra-/e mo-itors should be ,o-sidered at ,riti,al stora/e lo,atio-s3 ?474? =ose 3o;es Pro5isio- o. hose bo4es may be ,o-sidered at ,riti,al lo,atio-s .or housi-/ hoses a-d -oEEles3 ?4746 Water cum Gantry area Foam monitors for

i+ &a-k 9a/o- 1 &a-k $orry $oadi-/8 u-loadi-/ /a-try area should be pro5ided with alter-ate water ,um .oam mo-itors ha5i-/ multipurpose ,ombi-atio- -oEEles .or @et spray 1 .o/ arra-/eme-t a-d .ire hydra-ts lo,ated at a spa,i-/ o. C0 0 o- either sides o. the /a-try3

1<

5iii+ 9ater mo-itor a-d hose bo4 shall also be pai-ted i- LFire RedL shade )4, *3 ?41 FI5ED .ATER S!RA S STE"

?4141 %ene(*' t is a .i4ed pipe system ,o--e,ted to a reliable sour,e o. water supply a-d e6uipped with water spray -oEEles .or spe,i.i, water dis,har/e a-d distributio- o5er the sur.a,e o. area to be prote,ted3 &he pipi-/ system is ,o--e,ted to the hydra-t system water supply throu/h a- automati,ally or ma-ually a,tuated 5al5e whi,h i-itiates the .low o. water3 i+ Fi4ed water spray system should be pro5ided i- hi/h haEard areas where immediate appli,atio- o. water is re6uired #re.er 4.2.,$4.2.5$4.2.)$ 4.2.. abo5e+3 ii+ 9ater supply patter-s a-d their de-sities shall be sele,ted a,,ordi-/ to -eed3 Fire water spray system .or e4posure prote,tioshall be desi/-ed to operate be.ore the possible .ailures o. a-y ,o-tai-ers o. .lammable li6uids or /ases due to temperature rise3 &he system shall, there.ore, be desi/-ed to dis,har/e e..e,ti5e water spray withishortest possible time3 ?4142 .*te( S:(*) A::'ic*tion R*tes &he .ollowi-/ water spray appli,atiorates are re,omme-ded .or /e-eral /uida-,e3 &hese rates may be re5iewed o- ,ase to ,ase basis a-d i-,reased, i. re6uired3 9hile ,al,ulati-/ the water rates .or spray appli,atio- .or ,ases other thata-ks85essels, the area should be di5ided i-to suitable se/me-ts so that ma4imum water re6uireme-t .or spray appli,atio- should /e-erally -ot e4,eed 1200 mC8hr3 Application Area .*te( *::'ic*tion (*te

prote,tio- .or ta-ks lo,ated withi- #RJC0+ 0 .rom ,e-tre o. ta-k-o-.ire withi- the same dyke area3 1 !pm8m2 o. ta-k shell area .or e4posure prote,tio- .or ta-ks lo,ated outside #RJC0+ metre .rom ,e-tre o. ta-k-o--.ire withi- the same dyke area3 Pressure "tora/e 7essels 1032 !pm8m2 o. shell area

Pro,ess %-it (rea - Pumps#7olatile produ,t 203>!pm8m2 ser5i,e lo,ated u-der pipe ra,k+ *olum-s, other 1032 !pm8m2 e4tremely haEardous area $P2 pump house $P2 &a-k &ru,k 1 &a-k 9a/o- loadi-/8 u-loadi-/ /a-tries $P2 Bottli-/ pla-ts A - *arousel ma,hi-e - Filled ,yli-der stora/e - )mpty ,yli-der stora/e - $P2 ,yli-der ,old repair3 shed il &a-k &ru,k 1 &a-k 9a/o- loadi-/8 u-loadi-/ /a-tries *able &rays &ra-s.ormers ?410 i+ FI5ED S STE" 203> !pm8m2 1032 !pm8m2

1032 !pm8m2 1032 !pm8m2 1032 !pm8m2 1032 !pm8m2 1032 !pm8m2

1032 !pm8m2 1032 !pm8m2 .ATER S!RINALER

(tmospheri, stora/e C !pm8m2 o. ta-k shell ta-ks area .or ta-k o- .ire C !pm8m2 o. ta-k shell area .or e4posure ii+

Fi4ed water spri-kler system is a .i4ed pipe tailor made system to whi,h spri-klers with .usible bulbs are atta,hed3 )a,h spri-kler riser8system i-,ludes a ,o-trolli-/ 5al5e a-d a de5i,e .or a,tuati-/ aalarm .or the operatio- o. the system3 &he system is usually a,ti5ated by heat .rom a .ire a-d dis,har/es water o5er the .ire area automati,ally3 "pri-kler systems are used .or .ire

17

e4ti-/uishme-t whe- the haEards lo,ated i-side buildi-/s3 "ome o. the e4amples bei-/A a+ *ar parki-/ i- baseme-t b+ Buildi-/8sheds stori-/ ,ombustible a-d .lammable materials3 iii+ &he water .or spri-kler system shall be tapped .rom pla-t .ire hydra-t system, the desi/- o. whi,h should i-,lude the .low re6uireme-t o. the lar/est spri-kler i-stallatio-3 i5+ &he desi/- .low .or spri-kler i-stallatio- would depe-d o- the type o. haEard a-d hei/ht o. piled stora/e3 &he water .low rate .or automati, spri-kler system .or ,ar parki-/ area shall be take- as ?31 !pm8m2 o. the area prote,ted by spri-kler i-stallatio-3 &he desi/water .low shall be restri,ted to a mi-imum 100 mC8hr a-d to a ma4imum 200 mC8hr3 &he desi/.low rate .or other areas shall be take- as 1032 !pm8m22 o. the area prote,ted by spri-kler i-stallatio-, sub@e,t to a mi-imum o. 1?0 mC8hr3 a-d a ma4imum o. >00 mC8 hr3 Hi/her water appli,atio- rates may be used i. ,alled .or depe-di-/ orisk i-5ol5ed3 640 641 FOA" S STE"S T !ES OF FOA" For detailed des,riptio- o. Fire Fi/hti-/ Foam *ompou-ds, please re.er (--e4ure-7!!!3 642 LO. E5!ANSION FOA" For ,ombati-/ lar/e hydro,arbo- .ires parti,ularly i- a ,o-tai-ed area like stora/e ta-k, .oam has pro5ed use.ul .or its i-here-t bla-keti-/ ability, heat resista-,e a-d se,urity a/ai-st bur-ba,k3 (6ueous Film Formi-/ Foam #(FFF+ ,ompou-d is te,h-i,ally superior a-d ,ompatible with other .ire .i/hti-/ a/e-ts3 )..i,ie-t a-d e..e,ti5e .oam deli5ery system is a 5ital tool .or its use.ul-ess i- ,o-trolli-/ the .ire3 &he pro,ess o. addi-/ or i-@e,ti-/ the .oam to water is ,alled proportio-i-/3 &he mi4ture o. water a-d .oam ,ompou-d #.oam solutio-+ is the64742 647

mi4ed with air i- a .oam maker .or o-ward tra-smissio- to bur-i-/ sur.a,e3 FOA" CON6E IN% S STE"S &he system ,o-sists o. a- ade6uate water supply, supply o. .oam ,o-,e-trate, suitable proportio-i-/ e6uipme-t, a proper pipi-/ system, .oam makers a-d dis,har/e de5i,es desi/-ed to ade6uately distribute the .oam o5er the haEard3 *o-5e-tio-al systems are o. the opeoutlet type i- whi,h .oam dis,har/es .rom all outlets at the same time, ,o5eri-/ the e-tire haEard withi- the ,o-.i-es o. the system3 &here are three types o. systemsA Fi4ed "emi.i4ed 0obile Fi;ed Fo*- S)steFi4ed .oam ,o-5eyi-/ system ,omprises o. .i4ed pipi-/ .or water supply at ade6uate pressure, .oam ,o-,e-trate ta-k, edu,tor, suitable proportio-i-/ e6uipme-t .or drawi-/ .oam ,o-,e-trate a-d maki-/ .oam solutio-, .i4ed pipi-/ system .or o-ward ,o-5eyi-/ to .oam makers .or maki-/ .oam, 5apour seal bo4, a-d .oam pourer3 "uitable dete,tiosystem may be pro5ided to a,ti5ate the .oam system3 Se-i+i;ed Fo*- S)ste"emi-.i4ed .oam system /ets supply o. .oam solutio- throu/h the mobile .oam te-der3 ( .i4ed pipi-/ system ,o--e,ted to .oam makers ,um 5apour seal bo4 i- ,ase o. ,o-e roo. ta-ks a-d .oam maker a-d .oam pourers i- the ,ase o. .loati-/ roo. ta-ks ,o-5eys .oam to the sur.a,e o. ta-k3 64747 "o9i'e Fo*- S)ste0obile system i-,ludes .oam produ,i-/ u-it mou-ted o- wheels whi,h may be sel. propelled or towed by a 5ehi,le3 &hese u-its supply .oam throu/h mo-itors8.oam towers to the bur-i-/ sur.a,e3 <3C3> Howe5er, ,ertai- other systems as

i+ ii+ iii+ 64741

1;

.ollows are also a5ailableA Su9-su(+*ce +o*- in@ection8 &his is a system .or prote,tio- o. .i4ed roo. stora/e ta-ks3 &his ,omprises o. hi/h ba,k pressure .oam /e-erator a-d ,o--e,ted throu/h produ,t li-es or separate li-es -ear the bottom o. the ta-k3 Unde( t0e Se*' Fo*- *::'ic*tion8 &his is a system .or .loati-/ roo. ta-k where the .oam tra5els throu/h a .le4ible pipe i-side the ta-k upto the ,e-ter o. the ta-k roo. a-d e4its at the seal rim o. the .loati-/ roo. pre,isely where the .ire is lo,ated thus rapidly .loodi-/ the seal rim area a-d 6ui,kly e4ti-/uishi-/ the .ire3 Auto-*tic Actu*ted Fo*- F'ooding s)ste-8 !- this system all the ,ompo-e-ts a-d i-/redie-ts i-,ludi-/ premi4 solutio- are ,o-tai-ed withithe system3 "u,h systems usually ha5e a premi4 solutio- supply ta-k pressurised by air or i-ert /as3 &he automati, se-si-/ o. .ire releases this pressure a-d pla,es the system i-to operatio-3 #Re.er (--e4ure-7!! .or details with typi,al sket,h+ 64<FLOATIN% ROOF TANA !ROTECTION USIN% FOA" <3>31 Protection using Semi&Fi*ed Foam System+ For .loati-/ roo. ta-k, .oam shall be poured at the .oam dam to bla-ket the roo.Ns rim seal3 Features o. .oam system .or .loati-/ roo. ta-k prote,tioshall be as .ollowsA i+ "ystem shall be desi/-ed to ,reate .oam bla-ket o- the bur-i-/ sur.a,e i- a reaso-ably short period3 Foam shall be applied to the bur-i-/ haEard ,o-ti-uously at a rate hi/h e-ou/h to o5er,ome the destru,ti5e e..e,ts o. radia-t heat3 Foam makers8.oam pourers shall be lo,ated -ot more tha- 2> 0 apart o- the shell perimeter based o- <00 mm .oam dam hei/ht3

i5+

( mi-imum o. two .oam pourers shall be pro5ided3

64<42 !(otection using Auto-*tic Actu*ted Fo*- F'ooding s)ste-8 Pro5isio- o. a- automati, rim-seal prote,tio- system o. .oam .loodi-/ type should be i- li-e with the details me-tio-ed at >323C, <3C3> a-d at (--e4ure-7!!3 64? FI5ED ROOF TANA !ROTECTION SING FOA" Foam ,o-5eyi-/ system shall ha5e same .eatures as o. .loati-/ roo. ta-k e4,epti-/ that a 5apour seal ,hamber is re6uired be.ore the .oam dis,har/e outlet3 Features o. the .oam system .or .i4ed roo. prote,tio- shall be as .ollowsA i+ &he 5apour seal ,hamber shall be pro5ided with a- e..e,ti5e a-d durable seal, .ra/ile u-der low pressure, to pre5e-t e-tra-,e o. 5apour i-to the .oam ,o-5eyi-/ pipi-/ system3 9here two or more 5apour seal ,hambers are re6uired these shall be e6ually spa,ed at the periphery o. the ta-k a-d ea,h dis,har/e outlet shall be siEed to deli5er .oam at appro4imately the same rate3

ii+

iii+ &a-ks should be pro5ided with .oam dis,har/e outlets8 5apour seal ,hambers as i-di,ated belowA
T*n> Di*-ete( in "4 "ini-u- nu-9e( o+ +o*- disc0*(ge out'et 2 C > ? < ; 10

ii+

upto 20 O20 upto 2? O2? upto C0 OC0 upto C? OC? upto >0 O>0 upto >? O>? upto ?0

iii+

&he estimatio- o. -umber o. .oam dis,har/e outlet is based o- pourer ,apa,ity o. 1000 !pm at a pressure o. 7 k/8,m2/ upstream o. edu,tor3 &his ,a- be suitably ad@usted .or di..ere-t 5apour seal ,hamber ,apa,ity ia,,orda-,e with para <3> #iii+3 646FLOATIN% CU" FI5ED ROOF TANA

1:

!ROTECTION SING FOA" Prote,tio- .a,ilities shall be pro5ided as re6uired .or .i4ed roo. ta-k3 647D AE AREA$ S!ILLS$ OIL SE!ARATOR !ROTECTION USIN% FOA" Portable mo-itors8 0edium )4pa-sio.oam /e-erator8 .oam hose streams shall be ,o-sidered .or .i/hti-/ .ires idyke area, spills a-d oil separator3 64EFOA" A!!LICATION RATE &he mi-imum deli5ery rate .or primary prote,tio- based o- the assumptiothat all the .oam rea,hes the area bei-/ prote,ted shall be as i-di,ated below3 !- determi-i-/ total solutio.low re6uireme-ts, pote-tial .oam losses .rom wi-d a-d other .a,tors shall be ,o-sidered3 For ,o-e roo. ta-ks ,o-tai-i-/ li6uid hydro,arbo-s, the .oam solutio- deli5ery rate shall be at least ? !pm8m2 o. li6uid sur.a,e area o. the ta-k to be prote,ted3 For .loati-/ roo. ta-ks ,o-tai-i-/ li6uid hydro,arbo-s .oam solutio- deli5ery rate shall be at least 12 !pm8m2 o. seal area with .oam dam hei/ht o. <00 mm o. the ta-k to be prote,ted3 !- ,ase o. .loati-/ roo. si-ki-/, the rate ,o-sidered should be ;31 !pm8m2 o. li6uid sur.a,e areas3 641 DURATION OF FOA" DISC=AR%E &he e6uipme-t shall be ,apable o. pro5idi-/ primary prote,tio- at the spe,i.ied deli5ery rates .or the .ollowi-/ mi-imum period o. time3 i+ &a-ks ,o-tai-i-/ li6uid hydro,arbo-s - *lass =*= Petroleum 3333C0 mi-utes3 &

as per item >323 &he a//re/ate 6ua-tity o. .oam solutio- .or a si-/le lar/est ta-k .ire should be ,al,ulated as sum total i-di,ated below u-der items #i+, #ii+ a-d #iii+ .or a mi-imum period o. <? mi-utes3 &he 6ua-tity o. .oam ,ompou-d re6uired should be ,al,ulated based o- CK or <K ,o-,e-trate3 i+ Foam solutio- appli,atio- at the rate o. ? !pm8m2 .or the li6uid sur.a,e o. the si-/le lar/est ,o-e roo. ta-k or at the rate o. 12 !pm8m2 o. rim seal area o. the si-/le lar/est .loati-/ roo. ta-k whi,he5er is hi/her3 Howe5er, a .oam solutio- appli,atiorate o. ;31 !pm8m2 o. the li6uid sur.a,e o. the lar/est .loati-/ roo. ta-k .or <? mi-utes may be ,o-sidered .or a roof si-ki-/ ,ase3 #Re.er (--e4ure-7! .or sample ,al,ulatio-+ ii+ -e portable .oam mo-itor o. >?00 !pm .oam solutio- ,apa,ity3 &wo hose streams o. .oam ea,h with a ,apa,ity o. 11>0 !pm o. .oam solutio-3 ( typi,al e4ample showi-/ ,al,ulatio- o. .oam ,ompou-d re6uireme-t is /i5e- at (--e4ure - !!3 FOA" CO"!OUND STORA%E Foam ,ompou-d should be stored i,o-tai-ers o. 20-C0 !itre ,apa,ity or 200 8 210 !itre ,apa,ity barrels i- ,ase o. protei-, .luoroprotei- or (FFF3 Foam ,ompou-d ,a- also be stored io5erhead stora/e ta-k o. suitable ,apa,ity .or 6ui,k .illi-/ o. .oam te-der 8 -urser duri-/ emer/e-,y3 &ype o. .oam ,ompou-d used ,a- be protei- or .luoro-protei- or (FFF3 (l,ohol Resista-t Foam ,a- be used .or spe,i.i, appli,atio-3 0i-imum o. :0K o. stora/e o. .oam ,ompou-d shall be o. (FFF type3 0i-imum li.e o. .oam ,ompou-d shall be take- as per ma-u.a,turer=s data3 Foam ,ompou-d should be tested periodi,ally .or e-suri-/ its 6uality a-d the deteriorated 6ua-tity repla,ed3 &he deteriorated .oam ,ompou-d ,a-

iii+

6411 &

ii+ &a-ks ,o-tai-i-/ *lass =(= 1 =B= Petroleum or li6uids heated abo5e their .lash poi-ts --- <0 mi-utes iii+ 9here the system=s primary purpose is .or spill .ire prote,tio-3 --- C0 mi-utes 6410 FOA" FUANTIT REFUIRE"ENT *al,ulatio- o. .oam ,ompou-d stora/e should be based o- the desi/- ,riteria

&

20

be used .or .ire trai-i-/ purposes3 & Fua-tity o. .oam ,ompou-d e6ual to 100K o. re6uireme-t as ,al,ulated i<311 should be stored i- the !-stallatio-, sub@e,ted to a mi-imum o. <0,000 litres3 /o!ever$ .or i-stallatio-s ha5i-/ ta-ka/es lar/er tha- <0 0 diameter, mi-imum o. 77000 liters .oam should be stored #re.er (--e4ure 7!+ or .oam su..i,ie-t to .i/ht two ma@or .ires whi,he5er is more3

the prote,tio- system shall ha5e ai-depe-de-t system3 &he time -eeded to obtai- the /as .or repla,eme-t to restore the systems shall be ,o-sidered as a /o5er-i-/ .a,tor i- determi-i-/ the reser5e supply -eeded3 100K sta-dby ,o-tai-ers shall be ,o-sidered .or ea,h prote,ted haEard3 "tora/e ,o-tai-ers shall be lo,ated as -ear as possible to haEard area but shall -ot be e4posed to .ire3 "tora/e ,o-tai-ers shall be ,are.ully lo,ated so that they are -ot sub@e,ted to me,ha-i,al, ,hemi,al or other dama/e3 (ll the ,ompo-e-ts o. the system shall be ,apable o. withsta-di-/ heat o. .ire a-d se5ere weather ,o-ditio-s3 747 FLOATIN% !ROTECTION AG(NT ROOF SING TANA ,L(AN

,L(AN AG(NT !ROTECTION S STE"

7

-AS('

*election of 'lean 0gent and system design for fire protection should be in line !ith the 1*tandard on 'lean 0gent 2ire &3tinguishing *ystems 4 52P0 266, "2664 &dition# and the latest7. 8he clean agent should also comply !ith the re9uirements of the 1:;one <epletion *ubstances =egulation > 'ontrol =ules 2666$ Ministry of &nvironment > 2orests$ Government of ndia3 &he Prote,tio- "ystem should broadly ,o-sists o. ,o-tai-er, .eed li-es, ri-/ mai-s8 laterals as re6uired, spray -oEEles, si/-ali-/ e6uipme-t a-d ,ables, heat/smo%e dete,tio- a-d a,ti5atio- de5i,es3 L&he Prote,tio- "ystem ,a- dete,t, ,o-trol a-d e4ti-/uish the .ire a-d also simulta-eously /i5e audio 5isual i-di,atio- o- the ,o-trol pa-elI3 741 RECO""ENDED USE OF ,L(AN AG(NT &he *lea(/e-t system is re,omme-ded .or automati, rim?seal fire prote,tio- o. .loati-/ roo. ta-ks "of diameter )6M and above#$ ,o-trol rooms a-d ,omputer rooms3 %se of clean agent should follo! safety guidelines !ith respect to 1/a;ards to Personnel7$ electrical clearance and environmental factors as given in the *tandard on 1'lean 0gent &3tinguishing systems 52P0 *tandard 266, "&dition 2664# and the latest7. 742 FUANTIT AND STORA%E OF CLEAN A%ENT )a,h haEard area to be prote,ted by

!- additio- to semi-.i4ed .oam system, *lea- (/e-t automati, dete,tio- a-d suppressio- system -eeds to be pro5ided o- Floati-/ roo. ta-ks .or rim seal .ire prote,tio-#re.er >323C+3 &he *lea- (/e-t based prote,tiosystem ,o-sists o. a- i--built .iredete,tio-, ,o-trol a-d a,tuatiome,ha-ism3 !. a rim seal .ire o,,urs, its heat ,auses o-e or more spray -oEEles to ope- a-d the e4ti-/uishi-/ /as #,lea- a/e-t+ is applied o- the sur.a,e o. .ire a-d simulta-eously alarm is also sou-ded3 Re.er (--e4ure-7!! .or a typi,al system o. automati, rim seal prote,tio- usi-/ ,lea- a/e-t3 Floati-/ roo. ta-ks o. <0 0 a-d abo5e diameter should be ,o-sidered .or prote,tio- by i-stalli-/ su,h system3 74<CONTROL ROO" AND CO"!UTER ROO" !ROTECTION 'lean agent as per 52P0 266,"2664 &dition# is re,omme-ded .or prote,tio- o. ,o-trol rooms a-d ,omputer room3#re.er item >3237 .or the sa.ety /uideli-es+3 2urther$ to a5oid u--e,essary e4posure to clean agent gas , perso-s should be e5a,uated .rom the areas !hen the system ,omes i-to operatio-3

21

E40

CAR3ON DIO5IDE S STE"S

*arbo- dio4ide is a- odourless a-d ,olourless i-ert /as ha5i-/ a pro5e.ire e4ti-/uishi-/ property3 9heapplied i- a proper ma--er a-d iproper 6ua-tities o- a .ire haEard, it e4ti-/uishes .ire by ,utti-/ o.. the o4y/e- a-d ,reati-/ a- i-ert atmosphere arou-d the haEard3 !. the i-ert atmosphere is mai-tai-ed .or a reaso-able time the possibility o. .lash ba,k also is redu,ed3 *arbo- dio4ide is best applied to a .ire haEard throu/h a .i4ed system ,o-sisti-/ o. * 2 stora/e, distributiopipi-/ a-d dis,har/e -oEEles3

Re,ord rooms

<?

230

E41

RECO""ENDED USE CO2 S STE"

b+ 9here the haEard is -ot e-,losed or is so lar/e that total .loodi-/ system tur-s out to be u-e,o-omi,al, lo,al appli,atiosystem should be used3 il .illed tra-s.ormers are su,h e4amples3 &he rate o. dis,har/e .or the lo,al appli,atio- system may be takeas 1< k/8mi-8mC o. a- assumed 5olume arou-d the haEard3 &he assumed walls a-d ,eili-/ o. this e-,losure shall be at least 03< 0 .rom the haEard3 ( mi-imum dime-sio- o. 132 m shall be ,o-sidered .or ,al,ulati-/ the 5olume o. the assumed e-,losure3 0i-imum e..e,ti5e dis,har/e time .or ,omputi-/ 6ua-tities o. * 2 shall be C0 se,o-ds3 E4242 Fi4ed * 2 system should be desi/-ed a-d i-stalled i- a,,orda-,e with 52P0?,23

Fi4ed * 2 systems ,a- be pro5ided .or 5arious haEards3 "ome o. the haEards whi,h ,a- be e..e,ti5ely prote,ted are as .ollowsA a+ %-ma--ed turbo-/e-erators, swit,h /ear rooms, ,able du,ts, et,3 b+ Re,ord rooms3 ,+ Dry type il .illed tra-s.ormers3

;323C Perso-s i- the ,o-.i-ed area -eed to be e5a,uated be.ore the * 2 .loodi-/ system is operated3
140 DR S STE" C=E"ICAL E5TIN%UIS=IN%

&he re6uireme-t .or ea,h item should be de,ided at the desi/- sta/e3
E42 CO2 S STE" DESI%N

&he e4ti-/uishi-/ system ,omprises o. supplyi-/ the Dry *hemi,al a/e-t, ma-ually or automati,ally, throu/h a distributio- system o-to or i-to the prote,ted haEard3
141 RECO""ENDED USE8

E4241

&he basi, re6uireme-t o. desi/-i-/ the .i4ed * 2 system .or .ire prote,tiois to pro5ide a desi/- ,o-,e-tratio- o. * 2 arou-d the haEard .or a reaso-able time3 &he basi, desi/,o-,e-tratio- depe-ds o- the type a-d lo,atio- o. the haEard3

Dry ,hemi,al powder e4ti-/uishi-/ system ,a- e..e,ti5ely be used o.ollowi-/ haEards3 & )le,tri,al tra-s.ormers breakers3 haEard su,h as or oil ,ir,uit

a+ &otal .loodi-/ system is pro5ided where there is a perma-e-t e-,losure arou-d the haEard3 &he desi/- ,o-,e-tratio-s a-d .loodi-/ .a,tor are /i5e- below .or some o. the haEards3 =*D*(d 3*sic F'ooding design +*cto( *o-,e-tratio- #K+ k/ o. * 280C *o-trol rooms, "wit,h-/ear rooms, *able du,t et,3 ?0 13<0

& *ombustible solids ha5i-/ bur-i-/ ,hara,teristi, like -aphthale-e or pit whi,h melts while o- .ire3 & *lass =(=,=B=,=*= 1 =D= .ire usi-/ multipurpose dry ,hemi,al3 Re6uireme-t .or ea,h item should be .i-alised while de,idi-/ desi/basis3

22

142

S STE" DESI%N8

Basi, re6uireme-t o. desi/-i-/ the dry ,hemi,al e4ti-/uishi-/ system is to pro5ide .or su..i,ie-t 6ua-tity a-d rate o. dis,har/e depe-di-/ upo- the haEard3 "ystem ,o-sists o. dry ,hemi,al powder a-d e4pelle-t /as ,o-tai-er assemblies o. ,apa,ity su..i,ie-t .or /i5e- haEard with distributio- pipi-/ a-d dis,har/e -oEEles3 "ystem ,abe a,tuated ma-ually or automati,ally o- 5isual or automati, mea-s o. dete,tio-3 (larm a-d i-di,atio- shall be pro5ided to show that the system has operated a-d perso--el respo-se is -eeded3 Perso--el sa.ety shall i-,lude trai-i-/, war-i-/ si/-s, dis,har/e alarm, respiratory prote,tio- a-d prompt e5a,uatio- o. perso--el3 Followi-/ types o. systems ,a- be

pro5ided to prote,t a haEardA a3 &otal .loodi-/ system b3 $o,al appli,atio- system ,3 Ha-d hose li-e system, a-d d3 PPre-e-/i-eered system #Re.er NFP(-17 .or limitatio-s 1 pre,autio-s .or use o. dry ,hemi,al a-d .or system desi/-+ 1040 FIRST AID FIRE FI%=TIN% "ISCELLANEOUS EFUI!"ENT #

Portable .ire .i/hti-/ e6uipme-t shall be pro5ided i- Re.i-ery8Pro,ess pla-t as i-di,ated i- the .ollowi-/ tableA

2C

Desc(i:tion i+ Dry ,hemi,al powder#D*P+ .ire e4ti-/uishers -10 k/ ,apa,ityA !"A21718 %$2::

No(-s$c(ite(i* to dete(-ine t0e Gu*ntit) needed

9hile sele,ti-/ the )4ti-/uisher, due ,o-sideratio- should be /i5e- o- the .a,tors like .low rate, dis,har/e time a-d throw ili-e with !"A21:0 8 %$7113 )4ti-/uisher to be lo,ated i- pro,ess u-its, pump houses, pump area, $P2 stora/e area, $P2 bottli-/ pla-t, il separator, ta-k tru,k8 ta-k wa/o- loadi-/ areas, substatio-s, 9ork shops, laboratory, power statio- buildi-/s et,3 &he -umber should be determi-ed based o- the ma43 &ra5eli-/ dista-,e o. 1? 0 i- abo5e areas3 (t least o-e .ire e4ti-/uisher should be pro5ided .or e5ery 2?0 02 o. haEardous operati-/ area3 &here shall be -ot less tha- two e4ti-/uishers at o-e desi/-ated lo,atio- e3/3 pump house3 ii+ Dry ,hemi,al powder .ire &he e4ti-/uishers with the sele,tio- ,riteria 5iE3 .low rate, e4ti-/uishers 2?8?087? k/ dis,har/e time a-d throw me-tio-ed as abo5e, to be lo,ated i,apa,ityA !"A10<?;8 %$2:: ,riti,al operati-/ areas3 (t least o-e .ire e4ti-/uisher should be pro5ided .or e5ery 7?0 02 o. haEardous operati-/ area3 iii+ * 2 e4ti-/uishers &o be lo,ated i- substatio-s, power statio-s, o..i,e buildi-/ a-d >3?8<3?8:308223? k/ ,o-trol room3 &he -umber should be determi-ed based o- the ,apa,ity #!"A2;7;8%$1?>+ ma43 tra5eli-/ dista-,e o. 1? metre3 (t least o-e .ire e4ti-/uisher should be pro5ided .or e5ery 2?0 02 o. haEardous operati-/ area3 &here shall -ot be less tha- 2-os3 e4ti-/uishers at o-e desi/-ated lo,atio- e3/3 ,o-trol room3 i5+Portable ,leaa/e-t &o be lo,ated i- ,o-trol rooms, ,omputer rooms, laboratories a-d e4ti-/uishers o..i,e buildi-/s3 5+ Portable water-,um-.oam mo-itor3 5i+ "team la-,ers#as a part o. utility statio-+ 5ii+ Rubber hose reel #2?mm+ 2 -o3 .or Petroleum re.i-ery a-d 1 -o3 .or 2as Pro,essi-/ Pla-t For .i/hti-/ i-,ipie-t .ires at .la-/e leaka/es 1 hot pumps3 &o be lo,ated i- Pro,ess u-it battery limits a-d other pro,ess areas .or 6ue-,hi-/ o. i-,ipie-t .ires3

Note 8 ? B/ D*P )4ti-/uisher may be pro5ided at ele5ated lo,atio-s3 1042 "isce''*neous EGui:-ent8 (dditio-ally, .ollowi-/ items may also be ,o-sidered3 &he -umber o. u-its re6uired .or these shall be de,ided by lo,al ma-a/eme-t, o- ,ase-to-,ase basis3 i+ ii+ &hermal ima/i-/ *ameraA (s a- aid to the .irema- duri-/ .ire .i/hti-/ operatio- to lo,ate the seat o. the .ire a-d to .a,ilitate sear,h a-d res,ue operatio- i- smoky area e3/3 duri-/ ,able /allery3 Perso-al Prote,ti5e )6uipme-t re6uired duri-/ Fire Fi/hti-/ like 9ater /el based bla-ket, Fire Pro4imity "uit, "el. ,o-tai-ed breathi-/ apparatus, (ir li-e breathi-/ apparatus, "a.ety Helmets, Fire Helmets, "tret,her, First (id bo4, Rubber ha-d /lo5es, ,a-ister mask et,3 &he -umber o. u-it re6uired .or these may be de,ided by lo,al ma-a/eme-t, o- ,ase to ,ase basis3 0is,ella-eous )6uipme-t like Portable 2as dete,tors, )4plosi5e meter, 4y/e- meter, Ha-d operated sire-, Red82ree- Fla/ .or .ire drill, "a.e walk roo. top ladder, emer/e-,y li/hti-/, portable me/a pho-e et,3

iii+ i5+

1140

"O3ILE EFUI!"ENT

FIRE

FI%=TIN%

1141 Fire Tenders8 &he e4a,t -umber o. fire tenders shall be hi/her o. the items #a+ or #b+A #a+ &he 6ua-tities .irmed up i- ea,h ,ase based o- two simulta-eous ma@or .ires taki-/ i-to ,o-sideratio- the siEe, lo,atio- o. the pla-t a-d statutory re6uireme-ts3 #b+ &he 6ua-tities i-di,ated below3 i+ C -os3 o. .oam te-ders out o. whi,h two are .or .ire .i/hti-/ o-e .or spill8 sta-dby3 &he .oam te-der should ha5e .oam ta-k ,apa,ity o. C0008C<00 !itre3 a-d the pump ,apa,ity o. mi-imum >000 !pm at ;3? k/8,m23 ii+ -e D*P te-der ha5i-/ 2 5essels o. 2000 k/ ,apa,ity ea,h with Nitro/e- as e4pella-t /as3 &hese are re6uired .or .i/hti-/ $P282as .ires3

1147 Ot0e( Fi(e Fig0ting EGui:-ent i+)mer/e-,y res,ue e6uipme-t like ,utters, e4pa-ders, i-.latable li.ti-/ ba/s, leak pads, prote,ti5e ,lothi-/, breathi-/ apparatus, trolley mou-ted B( set ii+ Fire HosesA !" <C<A &ype ( or "y-theti, hose o. &ype B3 T0e 0ose 'engt0 shall be ,al,ulated as .ollowsA i+ For i-stallatio- with hydra-ts upto 100 NosA - -e 1? mtrs hose le-/th8hydra-t3 ii+ For i-stallatio- with more tha100 hydra-tsA & -e 1? metre hose le-/th8hydra-t, .or the .irst 100 hydra-tsQ a-d, & -e 1? 0 hose le-/th .or e5ery 10 hydra-ts abo5e 1003 &he hose le-/th so ,al,ulated may be suitably di5ided i-to hose le-/ths o. 1? 0, 223? 0 or C0 03 . the total re6uireme-t o. the hoses, mi-imum ?0K o. hoses shall be o. type B3 iii+ Fire @eep #s+ with two way radio ,ommu-i,atio- .a,ility a-d towi-/ .a,ility3 i5+ -e ambula-,e .itted with medi,al aid a-d suitable arra-/eme-ts3 5+ ther a,,essories, .oam maki-/ bra-,h pipes, -oEEles, et,3 as per re6uireme-ts3 5i+ >L Hoses o. suitable le-/th .or .eedi-/ to lar/e ,apa,ity mo-itors where5er i-stalled3 !- additio- to abo5e, pro5isio- o. .ollowi-/ e6uipme-t may also be ,o-sideredA i+ ii+ "uitable e6uipme-t .or .i/hti-/ hi/h le5el .ires3 0ultipurpose .ire .i/hti-/ skid may be used as a si-/le sel. su..i,ie-t u-it o. ha5i-/ ,apa,ity o. dis,har/i-/ .oam, water a-d D*P a-d thus per.ormi-/ multiple .u-,tio-s e..e,ti5ely, i-di5idually or to/ether, sa5i-/ power a-d time i- ,ombati-/ a .ire3 "u,h a 0ultipurpose .ire .i/hti-/ skid may be used i- lieu o. o-e .oam te-der8 D*P

( mo-itor should ha5e a 5ariable throw o. 1?82?8>0 k/8se,3 &he throw o. the mo-itor shall be >0 to ?0 0 .or the D*P ,har/e3 1142 Ot0e( "o9i'e EGui:-ent i+ 2 -os3 o. .oam ta-k trailers with water ,um .oam mo-itors ha5i-/ .oam ta-k ,apa,ity o. 1000 liters a-d mo-itors ,apa,ity o. mi-imum 2?00 !pm3 ii+ 2 -os3 o. &rolley mou-ted water ,um .oam mo-itors o. ,apa,ity o. mi-imum >000 lpm3 iii+ 1 to 2 -umbers o. Foam Nurser #i3e3&railer mou-ted .oam ,ompou-d supply ta-k+ with .oam ,ompou-d ta-k o. 7000 G 1<000 litre ,apa,ity with suitable pump .or .oam tra-s.er3 i5+ 1 to 2 -os3 o. portable/ trailer .ire pumps o. ,apa,ity ra-/i-/ .rom 1;00 to 22?0 !pm at dis,har/e pressure o. 7 k/8,m2 /3

te-der as des,ribed i- ,6.,"b#?"i#. Broad spe,i.i,atio-s o. the .ire .i/hti-/ e6uipme-t listed abo5e are /i5e- i(--e4ure-lll3

1240

STORA%E A%ENTS

OF

FIRE

FI%=TIN%

S4 No i+

Desc(i:tion Dry ,hemi,al powderA Rea,tio- product of urea and Potassium bi,arbo-ate i3e3 Potassium *arbamate or Potassium (llopho-ate base - as spare ,har/e .or the D*P te-der8&rolleys3 &he D*P produ,t should be %$ listed3 9hile sele,ti-/ the dry ,hemi,al powder, due ,o-sideratio- should be /i5e- to the typi,al properties 5iE3 (ppare-t De-sity #03<? J8- 030?+, Fire Rati-/ #1>>B+, &hermal 2ra5imetri, (-alysis #with de,ompositio- at arou-d 2?0o*+ a-d .oam ,ompatibility3

&he .ollowi-/ 6ua-tities o. .ire .i/hti-/ a/e-ts shall be stored i- the Re.i-ery as /i5e- below i- the table3 Fu*ntit) to 9e sto(ed >000 k/ .or the D*P te-der plus ?00 k/ .or additio-al re6uireme-t3 &his is i- additio- to the ,har/e loaded o- te-der3

ii+

"ili,o-ised Potassium bi,arbo-ate D*P powder #!" >C0;A200C8%$ listed+ 8 0o-oammo-ium phosphate based D*P powder #!"A 1><0:8%$ listed+ .or re,har/i-/ o. .ire e4ti-/uishers3 Foam ,ompou-dA #!"A >:;: #Part-!!!+ 8 %$ listed #%$-1<2+

(s re6uired based o- shel. li.e3 Howe5er, mi-imum 10K o. the total ,har/e i- the e4ti-/uishers should be mai-tai-ed3

iii+

Hi/her o. the 6ua-tities i- A 13 <0,000 litre #e4,ludi-/ that i- .oam te-der+ .or i-stallatio- ha5i-/ lar/est ta-k o. diameter as <0 03 23 77,000 litre #e4,ludi-/ that i- .oam te-der+ .or i-stallatio- ha5i-/ lar/est ta-k o. diameter as 7: 03 r, #as ,al,ulated i<311+3 C3 !- the i-stallatio- where the lar/est ta-k diameter is less tha- <0 0, .oam 6ua-tity re6uireme-t #e4,ludi-/ that i.oam te-der+ shall be ,al,ulated as per >3>311 o. !"D-"&D-1173 #Re.er (--e4ure- !! a-d (--e4ure-7! .or typi,al ,al,ulatio- .or .oam re6uireme-t+

1740

DETECTION ALAR"

S STE"

AND

Huma- bei-/s are e4,elle-t .ire dete,tors si-,e they possess se-se o. smell, si/ht, a-d tou,h3 But si-,e humase-ses are also u-reliable due to the -eed .or .re6ue-t rest a-d rela4atio-, a -umber o. me,ha-i,al, ele,tri,al a-d ele,tro-i, de5i,es ha5e bee- de5eloped to mimi, huma- se-ses i- the dete,tioo. /ases 8 smoke 8 heat a-d .lame3 ( .lammable /as dete,tor is desi/-ed to /i5e a war-i-/ o. the prese-,e o. .lammable /ases or 5apours i- air, well be.ore they rea,h e4plosi5e ,o-,e-tratio-s3 Normally, the dete,tor pro5ides 5isible a-d audible alarm si/-als, but .re6ue-tly it per.orms a .urther .u-,tio- by i-itiati-/ ,o-trol a,tio- su,h as i-,reasi-/ 5e-tilatio- or shutti-/ o.. the sour,e o. /as3 ( .lammable /as dete,tor ,a- also be used .or tra,i-/ leaks a-d ,he,ki-/ that 5essels or tu--els are /as .ree be.ore e-teri-/3
1741 AREAS TO DETECTORS 3E CO6ERED .IT=

& (ir-i-take poi-t .or ,o-trol room, i- li-e with !"D-"&D1<C3 &he e4a,t lo,atio- a-d -umber o. poi-ts should be de,ided o- -eed basis3 174142 Followi-/ areas shall be pro5ided with "moke8 Flame 8 Heat dete,tors with alarm a-d8or system to a,tuate rele5a-t .ire suppressio- systemA & $P2 spheres & $P2 .illi-/ sheds & $P2 pumps8,ompressors & $P2 loadi-/8u-loadi-/, both ita-k tru,k a-d ta-k wa/o- /a-try (dditio-ally, .ollowi-/ areas may also be pro5ided with suitable dete,torsA & )4tremely haEardous area ipro,ess u-its & Floati-/ Roo. &a-ks, *omputer room, *erver room, Pro,ess ,o-trol rooms, Re,ord room & %-ma--ed ele,tri, substatio-s 8 0** rooms & *able /alleries & 'hemical *torage

174141 &he .ollowi-/ areas should be pro5ided with hydro,arbo- /as dete,torsA & $i/ht hydro,arbo- pumps ipro,ess u-its3 & Pro,ess ,ooli-/ tower top plat.orm i- the u-its ha5i-/ pressurised ,ooli-/ water retur-3 & Fuel /as k-o,k out drum & "u,tio- side o. .or,ed dra.t air blowers i. lo,ated where hydro,arbo- 5apours may be prese-t3 & $i/ht hydro,arbopump statio-s i. lo,ated below /rade le5el3 & $P2 Horto- spheres & $P2 pump house & $P2 bulk tru,k loadi-/ area & $P2 bulk wa/o- loadi-/ area & $P2 bottli-/, stora/e, repair sheds3 & 2as ,ompressor

1<40

CO""UNICATION S STE"
)..e,ti5e ,ommu-i,atio- is a- esse-tial eleme-t i- the .ire prote,tio- system o. a-y pla-t3 &he .ollowi-/ ,ommu-i,atiosystems should be pro5ided i- the Re.i-ery8Pro,ess pla-ts3

i+

&)$)PH N) Fire "tatio- *o-trol Room shall be pro5ided with 2 -os3 o. i-ter-al telepho-es whi,h are e4,lusi5ely mea-t .or re,ei5i-/ .ire8emer/e-,y ,alls o-ly3 &hese pho-es should ha5e .a,ilities .or i-,omi-/ ,alls o-ly3 For /e-eral ,ommu-i,atio- a separate telepho-e should be pro5ided3

Fire "tatio- should also ha5e a dire,t P1& telepho-e3 Hot li-e, telepho-e .or ,o-ta,ti-/ mutual aid parties shall be pro5ided where5er possible3 ii2 !U3LIC ADDRESS S STE" Publi, address system should be ,o--e,ted to all ,o-trol rooms, admi-istratio- buildi-/ #all .loors+, all departme-tal heads, se,urity et,3 &elepho-e e4,ha-/e should ,o-trol a-d take ,are o. this system3 iii2 A4R4!4 /AIR RAID S STE" $ !A%IN% !ROTECTION2

siren to be eight minutes3 >3 ($$ *$)(R #For .ire+A "trai/ht rusire- .or two mi-utes3 ?3 &)"&A "trai/ht ru- sire- .or two mi-utes at .re6ue-,y atleast o-,e a week3 ,2 .ALAIE-TALAIE $ .IRELESS (ll the Fire &e-ders shall be pro5ided with a walkie-talkie8 wireless system whi,h will help i- ,ommu-i,ati-/ with the people i- ,ase the other system .ails3 Besides, key perso--el ,oordi-ati-/ emer/e-,y operatio-s should also be pro5ided with walkie-talkie3 ,i2 FIRE ALAR" S STE" &he .ire alarm system i-,ludes ma-ual ,all poi-ts #break /lass+, automati, /as8smoke8heat dete,tors, release 1 i-hibit swit,hes .or .ire suppressi-/ ,lea- a/e-t a-d ,o-5e-tio-al or mi,ropro,essor based data /atheri-/ pa-els 5iE3 ,e-tral .ire alarm pa-el, mimi, pa-els 1 asso,iated e6uipme-ts3 0a-ual *all Poi-ts shall be pro5ided at suitable lo,atio-s like a,,ess poi-t, approa,h roads, walkways et,3 to ,o5er the ,riti,al areas3 &hese ma-ual ,all poi-ts a,ti5ate the audio-5isual alarm ithe *e-tral .ire alarm pa-el i-stalled i.ire statio- a-d i- the repeater pa-el i-stalled i- the respe,ti5e area ,o-trol room#s+3 &he lo,atio- o. these poi-ts shall be ,o-spi,uously marked o- the a--u-,iatiopa-el .or proper ide-ti.i,atio-3 &hese ma-ual ,all poi-ts may also ha5e suitably wired telepho-e ha-dset to .a,ilitate ,ommu-i,atio- with respe,ti5e area ,o-trol room a-d .ire statio-3

(ir raid ,ommu-i,atio- system #with ,i5il de.e-,e+ should be pro5ided i- the ,o-trol room o. .ire statio-3 &he details o. su,h a system should be worked out i- asso,iatio- with ,i5il de.e-,e authorities o. the area3 (lter-ati5ely, /roup ,ommu-i,atiosystem #all ,all system+8 alpha -umeri,al pa/er system may be ,o-sidered .or /roup emer/e-,y ,ommu-i,atio-3 i,2 FIRE SIRENS &he Fire sire-8s should be lo,ated suitably to ,o5er the whole area with the operatio-al ,o-trol i- the Fire statio,o-trol room3 &hese should be tested at least o-,e i- a week to keep them iworki-/ ,o-ditio-3 Fire sire- ,ode should be as .ollowsA 13 ($$ F!R)A No sire"0

23 0( D R F!R)A ( waili-/ sire- .or two mi-utes3 C3 D!" ("&)RA "ame type o. sire- as i- ,ase o. 0a@or Fire but the same will be sou-ded .or three times at the i-ter5al o. one mi-utes i3e." !ailing siren 2min @ gap , min @ !ailing siren 2min @ gap ,min @ !ailing siren 2min# total duration of <isaster

1?40

INS!ECTION # TESTIN% OF FIRE !ROTECTION S STE"8

&he .ire prote,tio- e6uipme-t shall be kept i- /ood operati-/ ,o-ditio- all the time a-d the .ire .i/hti-/ system shall be periodi,ally tested .or proper .u-,tio-i-/ a-d lo//ed .or re,ord a-d ,orre,ti5e

a,tio-s3 !- additio- to routi-e daily ,he,ks8mai-te-a-,e, the .ollowi-/ periodi, i-spe,tio-8testi-/ shall be e-sured3 1?41 i+ ii+ FIRE .ATER !U"!S 1?4<

per.orma-,e3 "pray system i- $P2 bottli-/ pla-t a-d should be tested at least o-,e i- e5ery 6uarter3 peratio- of R 7s should be ,he,ked o-,e i- three mo-ths3 FI5ED $ SE"I-FI5ED FOA" S STE" Foam system o- stora/e ta-ks should be tested o-,e i- 12 mo-ths3 &his shall i-,lude the testi-/ o. .oam maker8 ,hamber3 &he .oam ,hamber should be desi/-ed suitably to .a,ilitate testi-/ o. .oam dis,har/e outside the ,o-e roo. ta-k3 Pipi-/ should be .lushed with water a.ter testi-/ .oam system3 &hi,k-ess sur5ey 1 i-spe,tio- o. Foam system pipi-/ should be do-e o-,e ithree years3 1?4? ,L(AN AG(NT S -STIT T(/ (0TING ISHING S STE" .HALON -AS('

)5ery pump should be tested by ru--i-/ it mi-imum two times a week3 -,e a mo-th ea,h pump should be ,he,ked .or the shut o.. pressure and auto start operation. bser5atio-s should be lo//ed3 -,e i- si4 mo-ths ea,h pump should be ,he,ked .or per.orma-,e3 &his may be do-e by ope-i-/ re6uired -umber o. hydra-ts8mo-itors depe-di-/ o- the ,apa,ity o. the pump a-d by 5eri.yi-/ that the dis,har/e pressure, .low a-d the motor load are i,o-.orma-,e with the desi/- parameters3 For .low measureme-t suitable de5i,es like ultraso-i, i-strume-t may be ,o-sidered3 1?42 FIRE .ATER RIN% "AIN &he ri-/ mai- should be ,he,ked o-,e a year .or leaks et,3 by operati-/ o-e or more pumps with the hydra-t poi-ts kept ,losed as re6uired to /et the ma4imum operati-/ pressure3 &he ri-/ mai-, hydra-ts, mo-itors, 5al5es should be 5isually i-spe,ted e5ery mo-th .or a-y pil.era/e, de.e,ts a-d dama/e3 (ll .ire mai- 5al5es should be ,he,ked .or operatio- a-d lubri,ated once in si3 months for fresh !ater and once in three months for saline/&8P !ater. 8hic%ness survey > inspection of 2ire!ater header should be done once in three years3 *egment ? !ise flushing of main header should be done once a year3 1?47 FIRE .ATER S!RA S STE" Fi4ed water ,ooli-/ spray systems ostora/e ta-ks should be tested at least o-,e i- si4 mo-ths3 Delu/e systems o- $P2 spheres a-d bullets should be tested at least o-,e ie5ery three mo-ths, .or proper

iii+

a+

&he systems should be ,he,ked as /i5e- belowA (/e-t 6ua-tity a-d pressure o. re.illable ,o-tai-ers should be ,he,ked, si4 mo-thly3 &he ,omplete "ystem should be i-spe,ted .or proper operatio- o-,e e5ery year #Re.er latest NFP( 2001#200> )ditio-+ .or details o. i-spe,tio- o. 5arious systems+3 "O3ILE FIRE FI%=TIN% EFUI!"ENT AND ACCESSORIES Foam te-ders should be tested at least o-,e a week3 &his should i-,lude ru--i-/ o. pump a-d .oam /e-eratioe6uipme-t3 (ll other mobile e6uipme-t should be ,he,ked, ser5i,ed a-d periodi,ally tested u-der operati-/ ,o-ditio-s, at least o-,e a mo-th3 &railer mou-ted pumps should be test ru- at least o-,e a week3 (ll the .ire hoses should be hydrauli,ally tested at least o-,e i- si4 mo-ths3 D*P te-der should be 5isually i-spe,ted e5ery week3 &his should i-,lude ,he,ki-/ o. e4pelled /as3 Re,ords shall be mai-tai-ed o. all

b+

1?46

mai-te-a-,e, testi-/ a-d ,orre,ti5e a,tio-s take-e,essary3 1?37 DC!$ CO2$ FOA" T !E FIRE E5TIN%UIS=ERSA

remedial8 where5er 1?41

/uideli-es3 DETECTORS &he operability o. all types o. dete,tors should be tested o-,e i- e5ery three mo-ths3 *alibratio- o. /as dete,tors usi-/ test /as should be do-e o-,e ie5ery si4 mo-ths or as per ma-u.a,turer=s spe,i.i,atio- whi,he5er is earlier3 1640 FIRE FI%=TIN% OR%ANISATION ( .ull-.led/ed .ire .i/hti-/ or/a-isatioshall be pro5ided3 ( typi,al or/a-isatio.or the .ire a-d sa.ety departme-t .or a lar/e siEe, Re.i-ery82as Pro,ess Pla-t is /i5e- belowA

!-spe,tio- a-d testi-/ .re6ue-,y a-d pro,edure should be i- li-e with !"D"&D-1>23 1?4E CO""UNICATION S STE" Fire sire-s should be tested at least o-,e a week3 &esti-/ o. 0a-ual ,all poi-ts o-,e i- a mo-th, walkie-talkies e5ery week a-d other ,ommu-i,atiosystems ,o5ered u-der item 1C30 should be do-e as per ma-u.a,turerNs

D208*H!)F 0(N(2)R F!R) 1 "(F)&'

"R 02R80(N(2)R # F!R) PR &)*&! N+

"R 0(N(2)R38 0(N(2)R #"(F)&'+

02R8D'302R38 "R3F!R) FF!*)R #F!R) 0(!N&3+

02R8D'302R 8 "R3 FF!*)R # P)R(&! N"+

S'()*+ O((IC)R

)(*H "H!F& "R3 F! R) FF!*)R 1 F!R) P)R(& R"

&he Fire Prote,tio- 8 Fi/hti-/ or/a-isatio- shall be ma--ed by perso--el ha5i-/ suitable pro.essio-al 6uali.i,atio- 1 trai-i-/. For ease o. ide-ti.i,atio- o. the .ire .i/hters, the ,rew members should be pro5ided separate u-i.orm3

(ll the pla-t perso--el shall be trai-ed o.ire pre5e-tio- a-d .ire .i/hti-/ aspe,ts3 Fire .i/hti-/ skill up/radatio- 8 re.resher trai-i-/ shall be /i5e- periodi,ally3 &he .ire ,rew belo-/i-/ to the .ire .i/hti-/ departme-t shall be /i5e- i-te-si5e trai-i-/ .or the use o. all e6uipme-t a-d i- 5arious .ire .i/hti-/ methods .or ha-dli-/ di..ere-t types o. .ires3 ( .ire trai-i-/ /rou-d with the .ollowi-/ mi-imum trai-i-/ .a,ilities should be set up A

1740 FIRE !ROTECTION TRAININ%

a+ &re-,h .ire simulatio- .a,ilities b+ ( small ope- top ta-k .ire simulatio.a,ility ,+ Pa- .ire simulatio- .a,ility3 d+ Pipeli-e .la-/e leak .ire simulatio.a,ility e+ Fire suits a-d breathi-/ apparatus3 ( mo,k .ire drill should be ,o-du,ted o-,e i- a mo-th to rehearse the .ire emer/e-,y pro,edure a-d to keep the .ire .i/hti-/ team trai-ed a-d alert a-d .a,ilities i- top order3 ( layout o. typi,al .ire trai-i-/ /rou-d a-d a brie. write up o- the .a,ilities i- the trai-i-/ /rou-d are /i5e- i- (--e4ure-!73 2041

&he .ire emer/e-,y pro,edures i-,ludi-/ .ire .i/hti-/ pla- should be prepared .or .i/hti-/ .ires i- the pro,ess u-its, i- a-d arou-d ta-ks, i- the $P2 stora/e a-d bottli-/ pla-ts, produ,t loadi-/ /a-tries, separators, ele,tri,al .ire, warehouse a-d buildi-/ .ires et,3

2040 FIRE STATION $ CONTROL ROO"

Fire "tatio- *o-trol Room is o. ,riti,al importa-,e as it is mai- ,oordi-ati-/ ,e-tre betwee- the emer/e-,y site a-d respo-se ,rew3 !mporta-t a,ti5ities o. ,o-trol room are ,ommu-i,atio-, mobilisatio-, up-keepi-/ a-d mai-te-a-,e3 &he lo,atio- a-d ,o-stru,tio- o. ,o-trol room should there.ore be suitable .or these a,ti5ities3 LOCATION Fire statio- should be lo,ated at mi-imum risk area3 !t should be spa,ed at a sa.e dista-,e .rom a-y pro,ess pla-t a-d other haEardous areas3 For details re.er !"D-"&D-11;3 9he- pla--i-/ .or -ew .ire statio-, ade6uate la-d should be pro5ided .or parki-/ a-d ma-eu5eri-/ o. .ire applia-,es3 (lso, a,,ess a-d e4its o. the buildi-/ should -ot be obstru,ted by other 5ehi,les3 Fire statio- ,o-trol room should be ,lose to parki-/ bay .or .ire applia-,es a-d should ha5e /ood 5iew o. 5ehi,les parked3 (dditio-al Fire-post may be ,o-sidered duri-/ the e4pa-sio- .or impro5i-/ the respo-se time3 CO""UNICATION8 Reliable ,ommu-i,atio- system is must .or supporti-/ e..e,ti5e .ire ser5i,e dept3 operatio-s3 Followi-/ e6uipme-t must be a5ailable i- the *o-trol Room, #i+ &elepho-es #2+ 9ireless sets8 walkietalkie #with a dedi,ated .re6ue-,y+ #C+ Hotli-es to -ei/hbouri-/ i-dustries8,i5il Fire Bri/ade #>+ Fire (larm system with ,e-tral ,o-trol i- .ire statio-3 2047 %ENERAL8

1E40 "UTUAL AID

Re.i-eries8pro,ess pla-ts should ha5e writte- mutual aid a/reeme-ts with similar -ei/hbouri-/ i-dustries .ully detaili-/ the respo-sibilities o. the members o. the s,heme, the pro,edures to be adopted, the mi-imum -umber o. e6uipme-t a-d ma-power a-d mi-imum 6ua-tity o. ,o-sumables to be e4,ha-/ed8loa-ed3 ( model a/reeme-t o. mutual aid is /i5e- i- (--e4ure - 73 ( ,hart showi-/ the abo5e arra-/eme-t shall be e4hibited promi-e-tly at least i.ire statio- and <isaster 'ontrol =oom. 1140 FIRE E"ER%ENC !ROCEDURES )a,h i-stallatio- shall prepare a detailed LFire emer/e-,y pro,eduresL ma-ual .or use by the or/a-isatio-3

2042

a+ Fire "tatio- should ha5e 2 o5erhead stora/e ta-ks .or .oam ,ompou-d stora/e, so that duri-/ emer/e-,y re.illi-/ is -ot delayed3 b+ *o-trol room should ha5e portable emer/e-,y li/hts3 ,+ Fire "tatio- should ha5e promi-e-tly lo,ated pressure /au/e showi-/ .ire water -etwork pressure3 d+ &mergency po!er supply shall be ensured for 2ire *tation > 2ire !ater Pump /ouse3

additio-s i- re.i-eries, the system should be i-ter-ally audited o-,e i- C years .or ,omplia-,e o. !"D sta-dards a-d statutory re6uireme-ts 2740 REFERENCES
1+ NFP(-11 "ta-dard For $ow )4pa-sioFoam "ystems 2+ NFP( 11-( "ta-dard For 0edium 1 Hi/h )4pa-sio- Foam "ystems C+ NFP( 1C "ta-dard For &he !-stallatio. "pri-kler "ystems >+ NFP( 1? "ta-dard For !-stallatio9ater "pray "ystems ?+ NFP( 17 D*P "ystem . .

2140 !ASSI6E FIRE !ROTECTION "EASURES $ OT=ER SAFET "EASURES

(lthou/h ade6uate .ire prote,tio- is pro5ided i- a- i-stallatio-, Passi5e .ire prote,tio- measures as i-di,ated below should be adopted where5er re6uired3 a+ b+ Fire Proo.i-/ o. stru,tural members "park (rresters a-d Flame (rresters

<+ NFP( 20 "ta-dard For !-stallatio*e-tri.u/al Fire Pumps 7+ NFP(-2001#200> )ditio-+ )4ti-/uishi-/ "ystem ;+ :+

*lea- Fire

(P! - 2001 Fire Prote,tio- !- Re.i-eries Petroleum Rules -2002 . &(*

,+ Fire "eparatio- 9alls i- ,o-,ealed spa,e8)le,tri,al "ubstatio-8 tra-s.ormer yard8 bays8 ,able /alleries3 d+ Fire "eals i- u-der/rou-d sewer system 8 Flare B-o,k out Drums e+ !mpou-di-/ Basi-s8Dyke 9alls .+ /+ $i/ht-i-/ (rresters Pressurisatio- o. )-,losure Fa,ilities o. pro,ess

10+ Fire Prote,tio- 0a-ual #Part-!i+ 11+ &(* Buildi-/ Re/ulatio-s 12+ &(* )6uipme-t Re/ulatio-s . Buildi-/s

For )le,tri,al

h+ 7e-ti-/ e6uipme-t

1C+ 0odel *ode . "a.e Pra,ti,es - &he !-stitute . Petroleum #%3 B3 + 1>+ !-ter-atio-al !-dustry "a.e Pra,ti,es . il

i+ )le,tri,al Relays a-d Fuses, earth leaka/e ,ir,uit breakers, -eutral ,urre-t ,ir,uit breaker @+ ,ables k+ ,able3 Fire retarda-t ,oati-/s a-d tapes .or Fire resista-t low smoke i-sulatio-

1?+ !"AC;>>*ode . Pra,ti,e For !-stallatio. !-ter-al Fire Hydra-ts !0ultistorey Buildi-/ 1<+ !"D-"&D-1>2 !-spe,tioFi/hti-/ )6uipme-t 1 "ystems 17+ !"D-"&D-1?> Fu-,tio-al &rai-i-/ 1;+ "a.ety . Fire

l+ Flame proo. a-d .lame resista-t ele,tri,al e-,losure3 m+ 2240 !-sulatio- o. hot sur.a,es3 FIRE !ROTECTION S STE" AUDIT !- 5iew o. ,o-ti-uous e4pa-sio- a-d

(spe,ts

!-

Eo-e Depletio"ubsta-,es Re/ulatio- 1 *o-trol Rules 2000, 0i-istry o. )-5iro-me-t 1 Forests, 2o5er-me-t o. !-dia

1:+ Byoto Proto,ol 20+ !"-1?<;CA Portable Fire )4ti-/uishers

2C+ %$2::ADry

*hemi,al

Fire

)4ti-/uishers - Per.orma-,e "pe,i.i,atioa-d *o-stru,tio2>+ %$711ARati-/ 1 Fire &esti-/ o. Fire

)4ti-/uishers
2?+ !"A

21+ !"A,4)6- A Dry *hemi,al Powder .or

.i/hti-/ (,B,* *lass Fires - "pe,i.i,atio22+ %$1?>A

2171A )4ti-/uishers

Dry

*hemi,al

Fire

*arbo--Dio4ide

Fire

)4ti-/uishers

ANNE5URE-1

T !ICAL E5A"!LE FOR CALCULATION OF FIRE .ATER FLO. RATE 14 DESI%N 3ASIS &he .ire water system i- a- i-stallatio- shall be desi/-ed to meet the .ire water .low re6uireme-t to .i/ht two ma@or .ires simulta-eously3 24 FIRE .ATER DE"AND 7arious areas whi,h ,a- be u-der .ire shall be ,o-sidered a-d .ire water dema-d .or ea,h area shall be ,al,ulated based o- desi/- basis, as i-di,ated belowA 241 FLOATIN% ROOF TANAS !ROTECTION a+ Data A &otal stora/e ,apa,ity i- o-e dyke area No3 o. ta-ks *apa,ity o. ea,h ta-k Diameter o. ea,h ta-k Hei/ht o. ea,h ta-k b+ *ooli-/ water re6uireme-tA *ooli-/ water rate S C lpm8m2 o. ta-k shell area .or ta-k o- .ire, *ooli-/ water re6uired R R R R R R R R 120,000 mC 2 <0,000 mC 7: 0 1>3> 0

!! 47:41>3> 4 C
10721 lpm <>C mC8hr

(ssumi-/ that se,o-d ta-k is lo,ated withi- the ta-k dyke at a dista-,e more tha- C0 meters .rom the ta-k shell3 &here.ore, i- su,h ,ase ,ooli-/ water re6uired at the rate o. 1 lpm8m2 o. ta-k shell area shall be 21? mC8hr3 &otal ,ooli-/ water R ;?; mC8hr ,+ Foam water re6uireme-t .or rim seal areaA

9ater .low re6uired .or applyi-/ .oam o- a lar/est ta-k bur-i-/ sur.a,e area3 For .loati-/ roo. ta-k o. 7: 0 diameter, the rim seal area R R Foam solutio- rate S 12 lpm8m2 R R d+ 88 47:403; 1:;3? m2 2C;2 lpm 1>C mC8hr

Fire water .or suppleme-tary hose stream based o- > hydra-t streams J 1 water mo-itor3 >4C< mC8hr J 141>> mC8hr R 2;; mC8hr

e+

&otal water re6uiredA &a-k ,ooli-/ Foam appli,atio"uppleme-tary stream Tot*' ;?; mC8hr 1>C mC8hr 2;; mC8hr 12E1 -7$0(

242CONE ROOF TANAS !ROTECTION

a+

DataA &otal stora/e ,apa,ity No3 o. ta-ks ,apa,ity ea,h3 Diameter o. ea,h ta-k Hei/ht o. ea,h ta-k R R ?0,000 mC > with 12?00 mC

R R

C73? 0 12 0

b+

*ooli-/ water re6uireme-tA *ooli-/ water rate area .or ta-k-o--.ire *ooli-/ water re6uired R C lpm8m2 o. ta-k shell

R R R

88 4 C73? 4 12 4 C >2>1 lpm 2?> mC8hr

*ooli-/ water re6uired .or other ta-ks at the rate o. C lpm8m2 o. shell area .or ta-ks .alli-/ withi- #RJC0+ metre .rom ,e-tre o. ta-k o- .ire,

C 4 2?> mC8hr

7<2 mC8hr

&otal ,ooli-/ water rate

2?> J 7<2

R 101< mC8hr

,+

Foam water re6uireme-t #.or 1 ta-k o-ly+ S ? lpm8m2, Foam solutio- rate R 88 4 #C73?+2 4 ? >

??22 lpm

CC1 mC8hr

d+

Fire water .or suppleme-tary hose stream

2;; mC8hr

e+

&otal water re6uired A &a-k ,ooli-/ Foam appli,atio"uppleme-tary stream 101< mC8hr CC1 mC8hr 2;; mC8hr

Tot*'

167? -7$0(

247

L!% S!=ERES AREA !ROTECTION

a+

DataA No3 o. sphere i- o-e area Diameter o. ea,h sphere R R C 17 mtrs

b+

*ooli-/ water re6uireme-t A water rate .or ,ooli-/ R R R *o-sideri-/ other 2 spheres lo,ated withi#RJC0+ mts .rom ,e-tre o. sphere a-d .ire ,ooli-/ water rate .or C spheres R 1<?? mC8hr 2;; mC8hr 1:2C mC8hr R 88 4172 4 10 lpm :07: lpm ?>? mC8hr C 4 ?>? mC8hr

,+ d+

Hose stream re6uireme-t &otal water re6uireme-t

R R

24<

L!% RAIL .A%ON LOADIN% %ANTR !ROTECTION

a+

DataA &otal No3 o. loadi-/ poi-ts *o-sider 20 loadi-/ poi-ts o- ea,h side ,e-tre to ,e-tre rail spa,i-/ $e-/th o. Rail /a-try 9idth o. ,ooli-/ R R 1<0 0 12 0 R R >0 70

b+

*ooli-/ water re6uireme-tA Di5ide the whole areas i-to > se/me-ts a-d ,o-sider 2 se/me-ts operati-/ at a-y timeA 9ater rate T R R R R 24>0412410R:<00 lpm ?7< mC8hr 2;; mC8hr ;<> mC8hr

,+ d+

"uppleme-tary hose re6uireme-tA &otal water re6uireme-t

24?

!ROCESS UNIT !ROTECTION For pro,ess u-it prote,tio- i- ,ase o. .ire, water is to be applied usi-/ .i4ed water mo-itors a-d hose li-es3 %-it blo,ks separatio- is by C0 metre3 &hree .ollowi-/ alter-ati5es are ,o-sidered .or .ire water rate3 A'te(n*te-! &otal u-it area *o-sider water rate S 1 lpm8m2 o- area basis, 9ater rate R :<00 4 1 lpm R ?7< mC8hr R 120 4 ;0 m2

water .or suppleme-tary hose stream &otal water rate A'te(n*ti,e - II

R R

2;; mC8hr ;<> mC8hr

*o-sider a 10 0 4 10 0 portio- o. pro,ess u-it area o- .ire3 Pro5ide water ,o5er o5er a- area o. C0mts4C0mts at the rate o. 10 lpm8m2, 9ater rate R R water .or suppleme-tary hose steam &otal water rate A'te(n*te - III 9ater re6uired .or portio- o. u-it area pro5ided with .i4ed spray system #)4treme HaEardous (rea+ (rea assumed 9ater rate *ooli-/ water re6uired water .or suppleme-tary hose stream &otal ,ooli-/ water re6uired R R R R R 1000 m2 10 lpm8m2 <00 mC8hr 2;; mC8hr ;;; mC8hr R R :00410 lpm ?>0 mC8hr 2;; mC8hr ;2; mC8hr

*o-sideri-/ the ma4imum water u-der alter-ati5e !, !! 1 !!! Desi/- .low rate R ;;; mC8hr

2ire !ater calculation for full surface fire on largest floating roof tan% "roof sin%ing case# 4 8reated as a single contingency
a+ D*t* 8 8otal storage capacity in one dy%e area 5o. of tan%s 'apacity of each tan% <iameter of each tan% R R R R 120,000 mC 2 )6$666 m( A- M

/eight of each tan%

,4.4 M

b+ ,ooling $ater re1uirement8 'ooling !ater rate B ( lpm/m2 of tan% shell area for tan%?on?fire 'ooling !ater re9uired R R R 3A-3,4.4 3 ( ,6A2, lpm )4( m(/hr

0ssuming that second tan% is located !ithin the tan% dy%e at a distance more than (6M from the tan% shell3 8hen$ cooling !ater re9uirement B , lpm/m2 of tan% shell area shall be 2,5 m(/hr3 Total cooling $ater 2 343 m5/6r ,+ Water re1uirement in foam application 2oam 0pplication =ate A .., lpm "as per 52P0?,,# R R R say$ Water re9uired for the foam solution R R , , "// 3 A-3A-#/4 3 .., (-A64 lpm 2(.2 m(/hr 2466 m(/hr -AC 3 2466 m(/hr 2328 m3/hr 2330 m3/hr

2oam *olution =e9uirement

Say

d+ Fi(e C*te( +o( su::'e-ent*() 0ose st(e*- based on 4 hydrant streams @ , !ater monitor. 43() m(/hr @ ,3,44 m(/hr e+ Total $ater re1uiredA 8an% cooling 2oam application *upplementary stream .5. m(/hr 2((6 m(/hr 2.. m(/hr R 2;; mC8hr

Total

5787 m5/6r

*ay

(566 m(/hr

740

TOTAL DESI%N FIRE .ATER RATE

59:

For t$o ma;or fire foug6t simultaneously Fire water rates .or ? ,ases are /i5e- belowA i+ ii+ iii+ i5+ Floati-/ roo. ta-k prote,tio*o-e roo. ta-k prote,tio$P2 sphere prote,tio$P2 rail wa/o- loadi-/ /a-try prote,tio5+ Pro,ess u-it prote,tioR ;;; mC8hr R R R R 12;: mC8hr 1<C? mC8hr 1:2C mC8hr ;<> mC8hr

Fo( +ig0ting t0e *9o,e tCo -*@o( +i(es si-u't*neous'), t0e design +i(eC*te( (*te is t0e su- o+ t0e tCo 0ig0est C*te( (*tes i4e4 Desi/- .ire water rate mC8hr R 1:2C mC8hr J 1<C?

R "ay R

C??; mC8hr 7700 -7$0(

742

Fo( +u'' su(+*ce +i(e o+ '*(gest +'o*ting (oo+ t*n> /Roo+ Sin>ing c*se28 8otal fire!ater flo! rate re9uired as per typical calculations sho!n at 2.) is 54<< m5/6r3

T6e design Fire$ater rate is 6ig6est of a#o=e 59: or 59>9 Note+ 2ull surface fire of a floating roof tan% roof sin%ing case being a remote possibility$ it is considered as a single largest contingency for the purpose of arriving at design fire !ater re9uirement3

ANNE5URE - II

T !ICAL E5A"!LE FOR CALCULATION OF FOA" CO"!OUND REFUIRE"ENT

14 CONE ROOF TANA !ROTECTION8 i+ Data A &otal "tora/e ,apa,ity i- o-e dyke area Number o. ta-ks Diameter o. ea,h ta-k Hei/ht o. ea,h ta-k ii+ R R R R ?0,000 mC > C73? 0 12 0

&he 6ua-tity o. .oam ,ompou-d shall be ,al,ulated as .ollows A *o-sider .oam solutio- appli,atio- S ? lpm8m2 .or the li6uid sur.a,e o. the si-/le lar/est ,o-e roo. ta-k i- the dyke area3 Foam solutio- rate R 88 4 #C73?+ 2 --------------------U? > ??22 lpm ??22 4 C 8 100 1<< lpm 1<< 4 <? 107:0 litre

R Foam ,ompou-d re6uired R R Foam ,ompou-d 6ua-tity .or <? mi-utes R R iii+

*o-sider o-e portable .oam mo-itor o. 2>00 lpm .oam solutio- ,apa,ity A CK Foam ,ompou-d re6uired Foam ,ompou-d re6uired .or <? mi-utes R R 72 lpm ><;0 litre

i5+

*o-sider 2 hose streams o. .oam with a ,apa,ity o. 11>0 lpm o. .oam solutio,apa,ity

CK Foam ,ompou-d re6uired Foam ,ompou-d re6uired .or <? mi-utes 5+

R R

<;3> lpm >>>< litre

&otal .oam ,ompou-d re6uired .or ,o-e roo. ta-k area Prote,tio-A Foam ,ompou-d re6uired .or *o-e Roo. &a-k Foam *ompou-d re6uired .or 1 Foam 0o-itor Foam *ompou-d re6uired .or 2 hose streams Tot*' "ay R R R 8 A F &(NB PR &)*&! N 107:0 litre ><;0 litre >>0< litre 11E76 'it(e 20000 litre

23

F$ (&!N2 R i+ DataA

&otal "tora/e *apa,ity i- o-e dyke No3 o. &a-ks *apa,ity o. )a,h &a-k Diameter o. ea,h ta-k Hei/ht o. ea,h ta-k ii+

R R R R R

120,000 mC 2 <0,000 mC 7: 0 1>3> 0

*o-sider .oam solutio- appli,atio- rate o. 12 lpm8m2 o. seal area o. the si-/le lar/est .loati-/ roo. ta-k i- the dyke area A "eal area R R Foam solutio- rate R R CK Foam *ompou-d re6uired Foam *ompou-d re6uired .or <? mi-s3 R R 88 47:403; 1:;3? m2 1:;3?412 lpm 2C;2 lpm 713? lpm ><>7 litre

iii+

Foam *ompou-d re6uired .or 1 .oam mo-itor a-d 2 hose streams as ,al,ulated .or ,o-e roo. prote,tio1 Foam mo-itor 2 Hose streams ><;0 litre >>>< litre

i5+

&otal .oam ,ompou-d re6uired .or .loati-/ roo. ta-k area Prote,tio-A Foam *ompou-d re6uired .or Floati-/ Roo. &a-k ><>7 litre

Foam ,ompou-d re6uired .or 1 .oam mo-itor Foam ,ompou-d re6uired .or 2 hose streams Tot*' (eGui(ed "ay, C3

><;0 litre >>>< litre 17777 'it(e 1>000 litre

- the li-es o. the abo5e e4ample .oam ,ompou-d re6uireme-t should be ,al,ulated .or 5arious dyke areas3 Re6uireme-ts to .i/ht ma@or .ires i- two dyke areas #with ma4imum .oam ,ompou-d rates re6uireme-ts+ should be added, to arri5e at the total re6uireme-t o. the i-stallatio-3 For e4ample, .or 2 ,o-e roo. ta-k dyke areas with lar/est ta-k diameter o. C73? metres i- ea,h area, .oam ,ompou-d re6uired works out as 2420000 litres i3e >0000 litres3 "imilarly .or 2 .loati-/ roo. ta-k dyke areas with lar/est ta-k diameter o. 7: mtrs3 iea,h area, .oam ,ompou-d re6uired works out as 2 U 1>000 litres i3e 2;000 litres3

>3

2oam =e9uirement for 2ull surface fire of the largest floating roof tan% "roof sin%ing 'ase#+ considered as a single largest contingency > detailed at 0nne3ure?D

ANNE5URE - III

3ROAD S!ECIFICATIONS FOR FIRE FI%=TIN% EFUI!"ENT

N o 4 !3

EGui: -ent Foam &e-der -

3(o*d S:eci+ic*tion C*:*cit) And SiDe Diesel)-/i-e *hassis with ,ompatible P& %-it payload Foam ,ompou-d &a-k 9ater ta-k Pump ,apa,ity

Suit*9i 'it) &o supply Foam "olutio- to Fi4ed .oam "ystem3 &o supply .orm to spill .ires

10 toC000 lts3 2<00 lts3 C200 lpmS ;3? k/8s63,m / 1 2?00 lts8miS 10 k/8s63,m /

Foam8water mo-itor o. ,apa,ity 2?00 to 2;00 lts8mi- G 1 No3 !!3 Hydrauli, Plat.orm with arti,ulated or teles,opi, arm Diesel )-/i-e *hasis with ,ompatible P& %-it - 0!N3HP2;0 - Foam /e-erati-/ e6uipme-t - *a/e area G 13> s63 mt3 - )4ti-/uishi-/ (rti,ulated boom . C0 mts hei/ht - &hrowi-/ dista-,e - HoriEo-tal A -.. 100-1200 Hei/ht A <?-7?mt3 - Boom mo5eme-t G C<0 de/rees - Foam8water mo-itor ,apa,ity ?000 to <000 lpm - Pump ,apa,ity G ?000 to <000 $ts8mi-3 at 10 k/8s63 ,m3/ - Remote operatio- .rom rear o. truk peratio- to suit water *o--e,tio- .rom hydra-ts / Diesel e-/i-e ,hassis Gpayload A1C 2 spheres o. 2000 k/ D*P ea,h )4pelle-t /as system #Nitro/e- /as ,yli-ders 2;4?0 lts at 1>0 k/8,m2 / (utomati, re/ulator .or output a-d ra-/e D*P mo-itor with ra-/e 1?, 2? a-d >0 k/8se,o-d at operati-/ pressure o. 1> k/8,m2 0o-itor throw - >0 to ?0 mtrs -

For .oam appli,atioo- oil .ires For .ire .i/hti-/ . tall ,olum-s (-d i-a,,essible area

For res,ue

!!!3

D*P &e-der

For /as Fires a-d "pill .ires

!73

)mer/e-,y Res,ue &e-der

Res,ue e6uipme-t Breathi-/ e6uipme-t Prote,ti5e ,lothi-/ First (id )6uipme-t Foam ,ompou-d stora/e ,pa,ity 1000 litres 9ater8.oam mo-itor o. ,apa,ity 2?00 to C200 lts8mi9ater-,um-.oam mo-itor o. ,apa,ity 2?00 to C200 lts8mi-3 Foam *ompou-d stora/e Pump ,apa,ity A 1<0 lts8mi0o-itor ,apa,ity 2?00 to C200 lts8mi>?00 lts3

For res,ue peratio-s

73

Foam &a-k &railers with 9ater-,umFoam mo-itors &rolley mou-ted 9ater-.oam0o-itors Foam Nurser #&railor mou-ted .oam supply ta-k+ &railer mou-ted Hollow @et water 0o-itor 0obile .ire &railer pump

For spill .ires

7!3 7!!3

For oil .ire For hot work &o supply Foam ,ompou-d Duri-/ .ire .i/hti-/ &o .i/ht-.ires at i-a,,essible pla,es (s a booster Pump Fire water use .rom additio-al sour,e 2e-eral .ire Fi/hti-/ &owi-/ trailer &ype e6uipme-t 2e-eral 5i/ile-,e 0edi,al aid For .ire Fi/hti-/

7!!!3

!U3

Pump ,apa,ity 1;00 to 22?0 $ts8mi- at 7 k/8s63,m3 /

U3 U!3

Fire hoses -2 VI Fire @eep

Rei-.or,ed rubber li-ed hoses type H(I or HBI as per !" <C< "ta-dard desi/- with two-way radio *ommu-i,atio- .a,ility

U!!3 U!!!3

(mbula-,e ther a,,essories Foam maki-/ bra-,h pipes, -oEEle et,3

0edi,al .irst aid e6uipme-t (s per sta-dard spe,i.i,atio-s $ts8mi- at 7 k/8s63,m3 /

N &)A &he ,apa,ities o. e6uipme-t /i5e- abo5e are mi-imum re6uired3 Howe5er, hi/her ,apa,ities ,a- be pro5ided o- -eed basis3

ANNE5URE - I6 FIRE TRAININ% %ROUND - FACILITIES

140

LA OUT OF T !ICAL FIRE TRAININ% %ROUND ( typi,al layout o. a .ire trai-i-/ /rou-d is show- i- .i/31

Fig4 1 LA OUT OF T !ICAL FIRE TRAININ% %ROUND

240 DETAILS OF FACILITIES IN TRAININ% %ROUND Details o. di..ere-t .a,ilities i- the .ire trai-i-//rou-d are des,ribed below3 2414 F*ci'it) +o( sto(*ge t*n> +i(e "tora/e ta-ks are pro5ided with .i4ed .oam li-e ,o--e,tio- a-d .i4ed ,ooli-/ water system to .i/ht ta-k .ires3 &he .oam is to e4ti-/uish the .ire a-d ,ooli-/ water is to pre5e-t spreadi-/ o. .ire i- the -ei/hbouri-/ ta-ks3 &rai-i-/ /rou-d may ha5e a ta-k with .i4ed .oam i-stallatio- with isolatio- 5al5es o- produ,t li-es3 242F*ci'it) +o( :it +i(e8 Duri-/ operatio- o. the re.i-ery, sometimes hydro,arbo- li6uids /et released .rom the pro,ess e6uipme-t a-d a,,umulate i- the ope- areas8 pit3 &o .i/ht su,h .ires, the .a,ility may be pro5ided o- the /rou-d3 247 F*ci'it) +o( :i:e'ine +i(es8 !- the re.i-ery e6uipme-t are ,o--e,ted by pipeli-es a-d to ru-dow- the produ,ts .rom the pro,ess u-its to stora/e ta-ks3 &hese pipes ,a- leak at .la-/e @oi-ts a-d result i- a .ire3 Fa,ilities may be pro5ided to simulate su,h .ires3 24<4 F*ci'ities +o( C*gon g*nt() +i(e8 2a-try .ires are di..i,ult to ,o-trol due to rapid spreadi-/ o. .ires all arou-d the /a-try3 "u,h .ires ,a- be ,o-trolled with the .ollowi-/ arra-/eme-ts a+ b+ !solate the oil supply *ooli-/ the area as well as surrou-di-/s with water spray 1 .a,ilities should be pro5ided .or su,h simulatio-s3

24?

F*ci'ities +o( L!% +i(e $P2 is produ,ed i- the re.i-ery a-d stored i- ,o-tai-ers .rom where it is despat,hed to the market3 *ha-,es o. .ires due to leaka/e o. $P2 i- the pro,ess u-it is less as it is pro,essed i- ,losed system3 Probability o. $P2 .ires duri-/ bottli-/, loadi-/8u-loadi-/ o. ,yli-ders is more3 &he most da-/erous aspe,t i- $P2 .ires is e4plosio- o. bullet8,yli-ders3 &o ta,kle su,h .ires, trai-i-/ .a,ility may be i-stalled3

246F*ci'it) +o( 0ig0 e'e,*tion co'u-n +i(e !- the re.i-ery, there are tall stru,tures su,h as ,olum-s85essels3 &o ta,kle .ires osu,h e6uipme-t the most importa-t a,ti5ities are isolatio- a-d ,ooli-/ the e6uipme-t as well as surrou-di-/ area3 2e-erally, isolatio- o. i-let side o. the e6uipme-t is -ot mu,h di..i,ult, most di..i,ult isolatio- is o- the outlet side3 &o approa,h to the isolatio5al5e, perso-al prote,ti5e e6uipme-t with water s,ree- is -e,essary3 Fa,ilities may be pro5ided to simulate all su,h a,tio-s3

ANNE5URE-6 T !ICAL ARRAN%E"ENT OF "UTUAL AID

A t):ic*' *((*nge-ent t0(oug0 -utu*' *id *g(ee-ent is gi,en 9e'oC8 *hembur &rombay !-dustrial belt spread o5er about 10 s63B0, is situated i- -orth-east 2reater Bombay3 !-dustries operati-/ i- the Eo-e i-,lude oil re.i-eries, ,hemi,al a-d petro,hemi,al ,omple4es, .ertiliEer, power /e-eratio- a-d a -u,lear ,omple43 &he area at prese-t is i-habited by lar/e populatio- li5i-/ ireside-tial buildi-/s, ,hawls a-d hutme-ts3 &he )aster )4press Hi/hway a-d Bombay-Pu-e Road pass o- o-e side o. the area, while o- other sideQ it is bou-ded by sea a-d ,reek3 &he roads i- the area are loaded with passe-/er a-d /oods tra..i, i-,ludi-/ haEardous ,hemi,als3 ( railway li-e .or /oods tra..i, also ru-s .rom Burla to the e-d o. *orridor road, to meet the rolli-/ sto,k re6uireme-t o. the i-dustries3 &he i-dustries i- the area ha5e .ire .i/hti-/ a-d emer/e-,y ha-dli-/ e6uipme-t a-d ser5i,es depe-di-/ upo- the -ature a-d siEe o. their operatio-s3 !-dustries ha5e also draw- up their --"ite )mer/e-,y Pla-s whi,h are periodi,ally re5ised a-d updated3 Howe5er, the resour,es a5ailable with a si-/le .a,tory bei-/ limited, those may -ot be su..i,ie-t to ,o-trol a ma@or emer/e-,y3 &o o5er,ome su,h ,o-strai-ts, the .a,tories ha5e ,ome .orward to .orm the 0utual (id ",heme o. *hembur-&rombay Re/io-3 &he mai- ob@e,ti5e o. 0utual (id ",heme is to pro5ide -e,essary help i- ,ase o. emer/e-,ies where6uisitio-ed by a-y o. the members, i- the mi-imum possible time to sa5e li.e, property a-d mi-imise dama/e3 &he members o. 0utual (id Respo-se 2roup are (e/is *hemi,als Bombay Pai-t ! B$ N2* (par !-dustries *&&$ ! *$ R*F B(R* HP*$ 0BP& &(&( Power BP*$ HP BD%

&he members ha5e a/reed to e4te-d help by a+ Rushi-/ .ire .i/hti-/ applia-,es a-d e6uipme-t b+ Deployme-t o. trai-ed 8 te,h-i,al perso--el ,+ Passe-/er tra-sport a-d ambula-,e

d+ e+ .+ /+

0obile e6uipme-t &ools, ta,kles a-d ser5i,e e6uipme-t Perso-al Prote,ti5e 8 "pe,ial e6uipme-t 0edi,al a-d Health "er5i,es

0utual (id members meet a-d dis,uss items o. ,ommo- i-terest like prepared-ess a-d ,omplia-,e status o. )mer/e-,y Pla-s alo-/ .ollowi-/ li-es i- s,heduled meeti-/s3 a+ $o,atio- o. .a,tory, a,,essibility, es,ape ,+ $ikely o--site 8 o..-site emer/e-,ies routes d+ 0ethod o. ,ommu-i,atiob+ !-.ormatio- about haEardous ,hemi,als e+ "tre-/ths a-d weak-esses3 (ll members ,arryout o--site mo,k drills i- their respe,ti5e .a,tories as well as ,ombi-ed mo,k drill .or osite emer/e-,ies3 (ll the real emer/e-,ies i- this area ha5e bee- so .ar e..e,ti5ely ta,kled by 0utual (id

%uide'ines +o( See>ing Assist*nce +(o- "utu*' Aid Res:onse %(ou: /"AR%2

13 (- e..ort has to be made to do5etail

--site emer/e-,y pla- to

..-site pla-3

23 &rai-i-/ sessio-s a-d mo,k drills i- First (id, Fire Fi/hti-/, )5a,uatio-, First Respo-ders, should be ,o-du,ted to appraise a-d trai- di..ere-t le5els o. respo-ders i- emer/e-,y ,o-trol3 C3 Duri-/ a- emer/e-,y assista-,e should be sou/ht .rom the immediate -ei/hbori-/ 0(R2 members e-listed ha5i-/ appropriate e4pertise as per the /uideli-es a-d e6uipme-ts, /ad/ets .or ,o-trolli-/ situatio- a-d statutory authorities simulta-eously3 >3 (ll the perso--el i- the .a,tory who are respo-ders .or emer/e-,ies must be made aware o. the a5ailability o. su,h 0(R2 assista-,e a-d methods o. /etti-/ it3 ?3 (ssisti-/ or/a-iEatio- must be properly brie.ed by the u-it seeki-/ the assista-,e about the -ature o. emer/e-,y, materials i-5ol5ed a-d metrolo/i,al ,o-ditio-s # wi-d dire,tio-+, pre,ise -ature o. help re6uired to e-sure proper respo-se3 <3 (ssisti-/ ,a- be re6uested i- the .orm o. either e6uipme-t or e4pertise or both with e4pert operati-/ perso--el3 73 !- ,ase o. e6uipme-t re,ei5ed .rom assisti-/ or/a-iEatio- A a3 !t must be properly used3 b3 Retur-ed promptly3 ,3 !- ,ase o. dama/e it should be repaired .rom appro5ed a/e-,y a-d retur-ed i- /ood worki-/ ,o-ditio-3 d3 *o-sumables should be repla,ed 8 reimbursed3 ;3 !t is u-derstood that i- ,ase o. a-y a,,ide-t to a-y perso--el while assisti-/ or/a-iEatio- that is re,ei5i-/ the help should e4te-d its ,o-operatio- i- beari-/ a reaso-able part o. e4pe-ses, beyo-d that ,o5ered by a- i-sura-,e poli,y3

%ene(*' 8 0(R2 also has its limitatio-s )a,h or/a-iEatio- is primarily respo-sible .or keepi-/ its pla-ts i- sa.e ,o-ditio-, ide-ti.yi-/, assessi-/, mi-imiEi-/ a-d elimi-ati-/ haEards a-d risk, mai-tai-i-/ -e,essary e6uipme-t .or spe,ial ki-ds o. risks that the or/a-iEatio- mi/ht be .a,i-/ a-d trai-i-/ its perso--el .or emer/e-,y ,o-trol3 !t may seek help .rom others i- the 0(R2 i- terms o. e6uipme-t, e4pertise a-d spe,ial materials3 Howe5er, it is o-ly ,omplime-tary to its ow- arra-/eme-ts a-d ,ommitme-t to sa.ety a-d emer/e-,y ,o-trol3 0utual (id a-d Respo-se is sou/ht o-ly whe- i--house e..orts seem to be i-ade6uate to meet the dema-d o. the situatio- a-d that o. the ,i5i, /roup is -ot ade6uately resour,ed to meet the suddere6uireme-t without loss o. time3

ANNE5URE-6I T):ic*' E;*-:'e o+ Fi(e C*se in * '*(ge F'o*ting Roo+ T*n> *+te( sin>ing o+ +'o*ting (oo+8 E;*-:'e +o( c*'cu'*tion o+ Fo*- ReGui(e-ent +o( F'o*ting Roo+ t*n> Cit0 !o(t*9'e "onito(s8 DATA 13 23 C3 Diameter o. &a-k &ype o. Roo. Foam (ppli,atio- Rate Foam "olutio- Re6uireme-t A A A R 7: m Floati-/ Roo. ;31 lpm #as per NFP(-11+ 88 4 7:47: ---------- 4 ;31 > C:70> lpm 2C;2 mC8hr, 2>00 mC8hr

R R say, R

&his mu,h 6ua-tities has to be throw- o5er to su-ke- roo. area with the help o. e4ter-al lo-/ ra-/e hi/h 5olume mo-itors .rom the road side periphery o. the ta-k .arm3 &he same may be a,hie5ed by ? -os3 o. 2000 /pm su,h mo-itors3 !- desi/- .irewater rate ,al,ulatio- i- (---!, si-ki-/ o. .loati-/ roo. of the largest tan% has bee- ,o-sidered as a single largest contingency to si;ing the .ire water -etwork arou-d ta-k .arms to take up su,h .irewater load so that lo-/ ra-/e mo-itors ,a- be .ed .rom this -etwork by di5erti-/ water a5ailable i- other areas o. the i-stallatioto ta-k .arms i- su,h emer/e-,y3 Foam *ompou-d Re6uireme-t R R say, R C:70> 4 C8100 11:1312 lpm, 11:1 lpm 11:1 4 <? 77<1? 'it(es

Foam *ompou-d Re6uireme-t R .or <? mi-utes with CK ,o-,e-tratioR

Anne;u(e-6II

AUTO"ATIC ACTUATED RI" SEAL FIRE !ROTECTION S STE" FOR LAR%ER FLOATIN% ROOF TANAS
&he automati, a,tuated .loodi-/ system is a system desi/-ed to automati,ally dete,t a-d e4ti-/uish the .loati-/ roo. t*n> (i- se*' +i(e *t its inci:ient st*ge3 &he system is mou-ted o- the roo. o. the ta-k3 14 Fi(e E;tinguis0ing "edi*8 (utomati, (,tuated rim seal .ire e4ti-/uishi-/ system may be a-y o. the .ollowi-/ typeA Foam Floodi-/ *lea- (/e-t Floodi-/3 1414 Fo*- F'ooding s)ste-8 "ele,tio- a-d desi/- o. .oam based rim seal .ire prote,tio- system should be as de.i-ed ithe latest NFP( - 11 1 11( "ta-dard .or $ow a-d 0edium )4pa-sio- Foam3 Film Formi-/ Fluroprotei- Foam #FFFP+ 8 (6ueous Film Formi-/ Foam #(FFF+ type ,o-,e-trate is -ormally used i- the system3 131313 Foam (ppli,atio- system A ( lar/e stora/e ta-k would re6uire more tha- o-e modular u-its .or .oam appli,atioi- the e-tire rim seal3 )a,h su,h u-it may typi,ally ,o-sist o. a lo-/ .oam distributiopipe, laid alo-/ the ta-k perimeter o5er the rim seal area3 &he spray -oEEles .or .oam appli,atio- are mou-ted o- the distributio- pipe at suitable i-ter5als3 Distributio- pipe is perma-e-tly ,o--e,ted to a stora/e 5essel ,o-tai-i-/ pre-mi4 .oam a-d both are pla,ed o- the roo.3 &he .oam is kept pressurised with -itro/e-3 &he premi4 .oam solutio- is ,o-tai-ed i- a 5essel whi,h is kept ,har/ed with -itro/e-3 &he system is desi/-ed .or mi-imum .oam appli,atio- rate o. S 1; lpm8m2 o. rim seal area3 For e..e,ti5e ,o-trol, .oam is applied .or a period o. >0 se,o-ds3 131323 (larm 1 (uto-a,tuatio- systemA !- ,ase o. .ire o- the rim seal, it is automati,ally dete,ted by a de5i,e ,apable to se-se heat, .lame or a- ab-ormal ,o-ditio- i- the haEard area whi,h ,ould produ,e .ire3 &he de5i,e the- a,tuates the spray system .or appli,atio- o. .oam i- the a..e,ted Eo-e o. rim seal to 6ui,kly e4ti-/uish the .ire i- its i-,ipie-t sta/e3 (- audio-5isual alarm is also ,oupled with the dete,tio- system .or -e,essary .ire alert3 &he system i-,ludes a .ire dete,tor -etwork whi,h se-ses .ire a-d a,tuates the automati, release o. the e4ti-/uishi-/ medium o- the rim seal area3 &he 5alidity o. the approa,h must be demo-strated by the desi/-er .or a- e..e,ti5e total .loodi-/ e4ti-/uishi-/ system whi,h 6ui,kly dete,ts a-d e4ti-/uishes .ire i- its i-,ipie-t sta/e without re-.lash3 (lso, the desi/- ,o-sideratio-s should i-,lude the impa,t o. the wei/ht o. the modules pla,ed o- the .loati-/ roo.3

1313C3

T):ic*' C*'cu'*tions +o( -odu'*( Fo*- *::'ic*tion s)ste- is *s unde( 8 Rimseal area o. &a-k A 88 U 7: U 03C R 7>3? 02 #*o-sideri-/ a .le4ible seal area o. typi,ally C00 mm+ Rate o. Foam appli,atio- S 1; $P0802 R 1C>1 $P0 &otal Foam solutio- re6uired i- >0 se, R ;:> litre &otal -os3 o. 0odular u-it re6uired .or the ta-k R 7 W W #,o-sideri-/ a 5essel o. 1?0 litre ,apa,ity ,o-tai-i-/ 1C? litre o. Foam+

1424

C'e*n Agent F'ooding S)ste-8 "ele,tio- o. *lea- (/e-t a-d system desi/- .or .ire prote,tio- o. rim seal should be ili-e with the H"ta-dard o- *lea- (/e-t Fire )4ti-/uishi-/ "ystems G NFP( 2001#)ditio- 200>+ a-d the latestI3 &ypi,ally, a-y ,lea- a/e-t listed i- the latest NFP( 2001 ,a- be used i- -ormally u-o,,upied areas like .loati-/ roo. top3 *lea- (/e-ts like &ri.luoroiodide ,a- be used as .ire suppressa-t .or .loati-/ roo. rim seal Fire Prote,tio- "ystem3 132313 *lea- (/e-t (ppli,atio- systemA ( lar/e stora/e ta-k would re6uire more tha- o-e modular u-its .or ,lea- a/e-t appli,atio- .or the e-tire rim seal3 &he pre-e-/i-eered system as outli-ed at 13>3231 o. NFP( 2001 #200> )ditio-+ may typi,ally ,o-sist o. a lo-/ distributio- pipe, laid alo-/ the ta-k perimeter o5er the rim seal area3 &he spray -oEEles .or the ,lea- a/e-t are mou-ted o- the distributio- pipe at suitable i-ter5als3 )a,h distributio- pipe is perma-e-tly ,o--e,ted to a stora/e 5essel ,o-tai-i-/ ,lea- a/e-t a-d both are pla,ed o- the roo.3 &he ,lea- a/e-t is kept pressurised with -itro/e-3 Desi/- ,apa,ity o. ea,h modular u-it will be based o- the .lame e4ti-/uishi-/ ,o-,e-tratio- .or the parti,ular .uel a-d ,lea- a/e-t used3 !- ,ase o. .ire o- the rim seal, it is automati,ally dete,ted by a de5i,e ,apable to se-se heat, .lame or a- ab-ormal ,o-ditio- i- the haEard area whi,h ,ould produ,e .ire #re.er >3C3231 o. NFP( 2001+3 &he de5i,e the- a,tuates the spray system .or dis,har/e o. ,lea- a/e-t i- the a..e,ted Eo-e o. rim seal at appropriate rate a-d dis,har/e time re6uired to attai- the .lame e4ti-/uishi-/ ,o-,e-tratio- .or the parti,ular .uel based o- the desi/- ,o-sideratio-s .or 6ui,k ,o-trol o. .ire3 !t is -o-ele,tri,ally operated system a-d suitable .or i-stallatio- i- li/ht-i-/ pro-e areas3 132323 (larm systemA (- audio-5isual alarm is also ,oupled with the dete,tio- system .or -e,essary alert3 &he 5alidity o. the approa,h must be demo-strated by the desi/-er .or a ,lea- a/e-t based e..e,ti5e automati, a,tuated e4ti-/uishi-/ system whi,h 6ui,kly dete,ts a-d e4ti-/uishes .ire i- its i-,ipie-t sta/e without re-.lash3 (lso, the desi/- ,o-sideratio-s should i-,lude the impa,t o. the wei/ht o. the modules pla,ed o- the .loati-/ roo.3 1323C3 T):ic*' +e*tu(es +o( * -odu'*( C'e*n Agent A::'ic*tion s)ste- *(e *s unde(8

(ssumi-/ Rim seal perimeter A 88 4 7: 0 R 2>;3C 0, )a,h module to ,o5er A >0 0 Number o. modules re6uireA 2>;3C 8 >0 R < Dis,har/e time .or ,lea- a/e-t is 10-20 se,

T):ic*' di*g(*- o+ *uto-*tic *ctu*ted e;tinguis0ing s)ste- is *tt*c0ed Typical diagram of automatic actuated Foam #ased e*tinguis6ing system

Typical diagram of automatic actuated ,lean Agent #ased e*tinguis6ing system

ANNE5URE-6III

3RIEF DESCRI!TION OF FIRE FI%=TIN% FOA"

140 FIRE FI%=TIN% FOA"8
Fire .i/hti-/ .oam is a homo/e-eous mass o. ti-y air or /as .illed bubble o. low spe,i.i, /ra5ity, whi,h whe- applied i- ,orre,t ma--er a-d i- su..i,ie-t 6ua-tity, .orms a ,ompa,t .luid a-d stable bla-ket whi,h is ,apable o. .loati-/ o- the sur.a,e o. .lammable li6uids a-d pre5e-ti-/ atmospheri, air .rom rea,hi-/ the li6uid3

240

T !ES OF FOA" CO"!OUND

&wo &ypes o. .oams are used .or .i/hti-/ li6uid .iresA

231

*H)0!*($ F (0A 9he- two or more ,hemi,als are added the .oam /e-erates due to ,hemi,al rea,tio-3 &he most ,ommo- i-/redie-ts used .or ,hemi,al .oam are sodium bi,arbo-ate a-d alumi-imum sulphate with stabiliEer3 &he ,hemi,al .oam is /e-erally used i- Fire e4ti-/uishers3 0)*H(N!*($ F (0A !t is produ,ed by me,ha-i,ally mi4i-/ a /as or air to a solutioo. .oam ,ompou-d #,o-,e-trate+ i- water3 7arious types o. .oam ,o-,e-trates are used .or /e-erati-/ .oam, depe-di-/ o- the re6uireme-t a-d suitability3 )a,h ,o-,e-trate has its ow- ad5a-ta/e a-d limitatio-s3 &he brie. des,riptio- o. .oam ,o-,e-trates is /i5e- below3

232

740

"EC=ANICAL FOA" CO"!OUND8

0e,ha-i,al .oam ,ompou-d may be ,lassi.ied i- to C ,ate/ories based o- it=s e4pa-sio- ratio3 $ 9 )UP(N"! N F (0A Foam e4pa-sio- ratio may be upto ?0 to 1, but usually betwee- ?A1 to 1?A1 as typi,ally produ,ed by sel. aspirati-/ .oam bra-,h pipes3 &he low e4pa-sio- .oam ,o-tai-s more water a-d has better resista-t to .ire3 !t is suitable .or hydro,arbo- li6uid .ires a-d is widely used i- oil re.i-ery, oil plat.orms, petro,hemi,al a-d other ,hemi,al i-dustries3 0)D!%0 )UP(N"! N F (0A Foam e4pa-sio- ratio 5ary .rom ?1A1 to ?00A1 as typi,ally produ,ed by sel. aspirati-/ .oam bra-,h pipes with -ets3 &his .oam has limited use i- ,o-trolli-/ hydro,arbo- li6uid .ire be,ause o. it=s limitatio-s w3r3t3 poor ,ooli-/, poor resista-t to hot sur.a,e8radia-t heat et,3

C3C

H!2H )UP(N"! N F (0A Foam e4pa-sio- ratio 5ary .rom ?01A1 to 1?00A1, usually betwee- 7?0A1 to 1000A1 as typi,ally produ,ed by .oam /e-erators with air .a-s3 &his .oam has also 5ery limited use i- ,o-trolli-/ hydro,arbo- li6uid .ire be,ause o. its limitatio-s w3r3t3 poor ,ooli-/, poor resista-t to hot sur.a,e8radia-t heat et,3 !t is used .or prote,tio- o. hydro,arbo- /ases stored u-der ,ryo/e-i, ,o-ditio-s a-d .or warehouse prote,tio-3

<40
>31

T !ES OF LO. E5!ANSION FOA"8

PR &)!N B(") F (0A &he .oam ,o-,e-trate is prepared .rom hydrolyEed protei- either .rom a-imals or 5e/etable sour,e3 &he suitable stabiliEer a-d preser5ati5es are also added3 &he ,o-,e-trate .orms a thi,k .oam bla-ket a-d is suitable .or hydro,arbo- li6uid .ires, but -ot o- water mis,ible li6uids3 &he e..e,ti5e-ess o. .oam is -ot 5ery /ood o- deep pools or low .lash poi-t .uels whi,h ha5e had le-/thy prebur- time u-less applied 5ery /e-tly to the sur.a,e3 &he ,o-,e-trate is a5ailable .or i-du,tio- rate o. C to <K3 &he shel. li.e o. ,o-,e-trate is 2 years3

<42

FLUORO !ROTEIN FOA"8 &his is similar to protei- base .oam with .luro-,hemi,al whi,h makes it more e..e,ti5e tha- protei- base .oam3 &he ,o-,e-trate .orms a thi,k .oam bla-ket a-d is suitable .or hydro,arbo- li6uid .ires, but -ot o- water mis,ible li6uids3 &he .oam is 5ery e..e,ti5e o- deep pools o. low .lash poi-t .uels whi,h ha5e had le-/thy pre bur- time3 &he ,o-,e-trate is a5ailable .or i-du,tio- rate o. C to <K a-d the shel. li.e is similar to that o. protei- base .oam3

<47

AFUEOUS FIL" FOR"IN% FOA" /AFFF28 &he .oam ,o-,e-trate mai-ly ,o-sists o. .luoro ,arbo- sur.a,ta-ts, .oami-/ a/e-t a-d stabiliEer3 &his ,a- be used with .resh water as well as with sea water3 !t produ,es 5ery .luid .oam, whi,h .lows .reely o- li6uid sur.a,e3 &he a6ueous .ilm produ,ed suppresses the li6uid 5apour 6ui,kly3 &he .oam has 6ui,k .ire k-o,k dowproperty a-d is suitable .or li6uid hydro,arbo- .ires3 (s the .oam has poor drai-a/e rate, the e..e,ti5e-ess is limited o- deep pool .ires o. low .lash poi-t .uels whi,h ha5e le-/thy pre bur- time3 &he ,o-,e-trate is a5ailable .or i-du,tio- rate o. C to <K a-d the shel. li.e is more tha- 1? years3 &his ,a- also be used with -o- aspirati-/ type -oEEles3

<4<

"ULTI!UR!OSE AFFF8 0ultipurpose (FFF ,o-,e-trate is sy-theti,, .oami-/ li6uid desi/-ed spe,ially .or .ire prote,tio- o. water soluble sol5e-ts a-d water i-soluble hydro,arbo- li6uids3 &his ,abe used either with .resh water o. sea water3 9he- applied it .orms .oam with a ,ohesi5e polymeri, layer o- li6uid sur.a,e, whi,h suppresses the 5apour a-d e4ti-/uishes the .ire3 &he .oam is also suitable .or deep pool .ires be,ause o. superior drai-a/e rate a-d more resisti5e to hot .uels8radia-t heat3 &he CK i-du,tio- rate is suitable .or li6uid hydro,arbo- .ires a-d ?K .or water mis,ible sol5e-ts3 &he shel. li.e o. ,o-,e-trate is -ot less tha- 10 years3 &his ,aalso be used with -o- aspirati-/ type -oEEles3

<4?

FIL" FOR"IN% FLOURO !ROTEIN /FFF!2H FFFP ,ombi-es the rapid .ire k-o,k dow- 6uality o. ,o-5e-tio-al .ilm .ormi-/ (FFF with the hi/h le5el o. post .ire se,urity a-d bur- ba,k resista-,e o. .louro protei- .oam3 &he ,o-,e-trate ,a- either be used with .resh water or sea water3 &he .oam is suitable .or hydro,arbo- li6uid .ires i-,ludi-/ deep pool .ires o. low .lash poi-t .uels whi,h ha5e had le-/thy pre bur- time3 &he ,o-,e-trate is a5ailable .or i-du,tio- rate o. C to <K a-d the shel. li.e is -ot less tha- ? years3 &his ,a- also be used with -o- aspirati-/ type -oEEles3

?40

T !ES OF "EDIU" AND =I%= E5!ANSION FOA"8 "y-theti, .oam ,o-,e-trate is used with suitable de5i,es to produ,e medium a-d hi/h e4pa-sio- .oams3 &his ,a- be used o- hydro,arbo- .uels with low boili-/ poi-t3 &he .oam is 5ery li/ht i- wei/ht a-d /i5es poor ,ooli-/ e..e,t i- ,ompariso- to low e4pa-sio- .oams3 &he .oam is sus,eptible to easy break dow- by hot .uel layers a-d radia-t heat3 &he i-du,tio- rate i- water may 5ary .rom 13? to CK3 0a-y o. the low e4pa-sio- .oam ,o-,e-trate ,a- also be used with suitable de5i,es to produ,e medium 8 hi/h e4pa-sio- .oam3