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Section 3.1: Subspaces Of: Proving V Is A Subspace

1. The set V is a subspace of R^9 if it satisfies three properties: 1) the zero vector belongs to V, 2) V is closed under scalar multiplication, and 3) V is closed under addition. 2. The document proves that the set {x: x^2 + x = 1} satisfies the three properties of a subspace by showing it contains the zero vector, is closed under scalar multiplication, and is closed under addition. 3. Not all subsets of R^9 are subspaces, as shown by the example where b^2 - a = 0 for some a,b not satisfying the properties.

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20 views

Section 3.1: Subspaces Of: Proving V Is A Subspace

1. The set V is a subspace of R^9 if it satisfies three properties: 1) the zero vector belongs to V, 2) V is closed under scalar multiplication, and 3) V is closed under addition. 2. The document proves that the set {x: x^2 + x = 1} satisfies the three properties of a subspace by showing it contains the zero vector, is closed under scalar multiplication, and is closed under addition. 3. Not all subsets of R^9 are subspaces, as shown by the example where b^2 - a = 0 for some a,b not satisfying the properties.

Uploaded by

Morpho23
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Section 3.

1: Subspaces of
n
9

Proving V is a Subspace
Definition: A set
n
V 9 c (a subset of
n
9 ) is called a subspace of
n
9 if it satisfies all the following
properties:
1. V e 0 (the zero vector belongs to V).
2. Whenever V e v and 9 e c , we have V c e v (V is closed under scalar multiplication).
3. Whenever V e w v, , we have V e + w v (V is closed under addition).

Exercises 3.1
1. Which of the following are subspaces? Justify your answer in each case.
a. { } 1 :
2 1
2
= + 9 e x x x
1. Show that V e 0 , where { } 1 :
2 1
2
= + 9 e = x x V x :
Let 0 x = so 1
2 1
= + x x becomes
1 0 0 = +
1 0 =
V 0e

2. Show that whenever V e v and 9 e c , we have V c e v (V is closed under scalar
multiplication).
Let ( ) 1 , 0 = v , so V ve ; let 5 = c , so ( ) ( ) 5 , 0 1 , 0 5 = = v c
1
2 1
= + x x becomes
1 5 0 = +
1 5 =
V c e v

3. Show that whenever V e w v, , we have V e + w v (V is closed under addition).
Let ( ) 1 , 0 = v and ( ) 0 , 1 = w , so V e w v, ; let ( ) 1 , 1 = + w v
1
2 1
= + x x becomes
1 1 1 = +
1 2 =
V e + w v
V is not a subspace.

b.

9 e
(
(
(

+
= 9 e b a
b a
b
a
, some for : x x
3

Vectors Contained in both
1
P and
2
P (intersection of
2 1
P P )

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