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    Plant Water Relation: Grade 12

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    jovellam
    This document discusses plant water relations and transpiration. It describes the structure of seeds and the process of seed germination. It then explains how stomata open and close in response to carbon dioxide levels during the day and night. Transpiration helps absorb water, transport minerals throughout the plant, cool leaves, and protect plants from heat. The rate of transpiration is affected by external factors like temperature, light, availability of soil water, atmospheric humidity, wind, and atmospheric pressure.

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    Plant Water Relation: Grade 12

    Uploaded by

    jovellam
    202 views16 pages
    This document discusses plant water relations and transpiration. It describes the structure of seeds and the process of seed germination. It then explains how stomata open and close in response to carbon dioxide levels during the day and night. Transpiration helps absorb water, transport minerals throughout the plant, cool leaves, and protect plants from heat. The rate of transpiration is affected by external factors like temperature, light, availability of soil water, atmospheric humidity, wind, and atmospheric pressure.

    Original Description:

    HSC biology plant water relation chapter

    Original Title

    Plant Water Relation

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    This document discusses plant water relations and transpiration. It describes the structure of seeds and the process of seed germination. It then explains how stomata open and close in response to carbon dioxide levels during the day and night. Transpiration helps absorb water, transport minerals throughout the plant, cool leaves, and protect plants from heat. The rate of transpiration is affected by external factors like temperature, light, availability of soil water, atmospheric humidity, wind, and atmospheric pressure.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    202 views16 pages

    Plant Water Relation: Grade 12

    Uploaded by

    jovellam
    This document discusses plant water relations and transpiration. It describes the structure of seeds and the process of seed germination. It then explains how stomata open and close in response to carbon dioxide levels during the day and night. Transpiration helps absorb water, transport minerals throughout the plant, cool leaves, and protect plants from heat. The rate of transpiration is affected by external factors like temperature, light, availability of soil water, atmospheric humidity, wind, and atmospheric pressure.

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    Plant water relation

    Grade 12
    Structure of a seed

    Types of seed germination

    LE 38-10a
    Foliage leaves
    Cotyledon
    Cotyledon
    Hypocotyl
    Hypocotyl
    Radicle
    Seed coat
    Hypocotyl
    Cotyledon
    Epicotyl
    Common garden bean
    LE 38-10b
    Foliage leaves
    Coleoptile
    Radicle
    Maize
    Coleoptile

    Transport
    Summary
    A=absorption / assimilation
    L=loading
    U=unloading
    I=interchange
    Opening & closing of stomata
    Day time
    Carbob dioxide in guard cells utilised for
    photosynthesis.
    Sap becomes alkaline & in this medium starch
    gets converted to sugar
    Guard cells : sugar (chloroplast)
    Sugar soluble in sap-osmotic potential of cell
    increases
    Water from sorrounding cells enter guard cells
    By osmosis
    Water exerts pressure on thin wall of guard cells
    from inside.
    Hence thin walls bulge outward, pulling apart
    innerthick walls , opening the stomata
    Night time
    No photosynthesis
    Carbondioxide accumulates in guard cells
    Sap becomes acidic
    In this sugar gets converted to starch
    Being insoluble in water osmotic potential
    becomes less compared to surrounding
    Surrounding cells take out water from guard cells
    by osmosis making them flaccid
    Hence outer thin walls come to their original
    position, closing the stomata.

    Significance of Transpiration



    Absorption of water
    Transpiration influences the rate of absorption of water from the soil.
    Water movement
    By transpiration, water moves upwards and as it passes into the cell
    vacuoles, it makes the cells turgid. This gives form and shape to cells
    and plant as a whole.
    Mineral salt transport
    The water stream moving upwards carries dissolved minerals with it.
    Transpiration also helps in distributing these minerals throughout the
    plant.
    Cooling
    The evaporation of water during transpiration cools the leaves.
    Protection from heat injury
    Some plants like cacti, retain water by reducing transpiration. This
    saves the plants from high temperatures and strong sunlight.
    Factors Affecting Rate of
    Transpiration - External factors


    Temperature
    Higher the temperature more is the transpiration.
    Light
    Light causes stomata to open and hence increase
    the water loss from plant



    Availability of soil water
    When the soil gets dry, soil solution
    becomes more concentrated and the
    rate of absorption by cells decreases.
    This leads to reduction in transpiration
    and stomata close quickly to keep the
    water loss to minimum.
    Atmospheric humidity
    High humidity means high water
    Vapour pressure outside and it results
    in lower rate of transpiration and as the
    humidity decreases rate of transpiration
    increases.

    .


    Wind
    The wind removes water vapour and thus
    increases the rate of transpiration. High winds
    lead to stomatal closure to stop the rapid water
    loss and hence bring a drop in rate of
    transpiration. Moderate winds may also reduce
    transpiration by lowering the temperature of
    leaf.
    Atmospheric pressure
    Lower the atmospheric pressure, higher is the
    rate of transpiration

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