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Android Introduction: Platform Overview

Android is an open-source software stack that includes an operating system, middleware, and key applications for mobile devices. It was developed by the Open Handset Alliance, a consortium of 47 technology companies. Popular Android devices include phones from Motorola, HTC, and Samsung as well as tablets. The Android software stack consists of applications built using Java, along with frameworks and libraries that enable components to work together and be reused. At the lowest level, the Linux kernel provides core system services.

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Mark Joey Dumangas Angeles
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21 views

Android Introduction: Platform Overview

Android is an open-source software stack that includes an operating system, middleware, and key applications for mobile devices. It was developed by the Open Handset Alliance, a consortium of 47 technology companies. Popular Android devices include phones from Motorola, HTC, and Samsung as well as tablets. The Android software stack consists of applications built using Java, along with frameworks and libraries that enable components to work together and be reused. At the lowest level, the Linux kernel provides core system services.

Uploaded by

Mark Joey Dumangas Angeles
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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@2011 Mihail L.

Sichitiu 1
Android Introduction
Platform Overview
@2011 Mihail L. Sichitiu 2
What is Android?
Android is a software
stack for mobile devices
that includes an
operating system,
middleware and key
applications.
@2011 Mihail L. Sichitiu 3
OHA (Open Handset Alliance)
A business alliance consisting of 47
companies to develop open standards
for mobile devices

@2011 Mihail L. Sichitiu 4
Phones
HTC G1,
Droid,
Tattoo
Motorola Droid (X)
Suno S880 Samsung Galaxy
Sony Ericsson
@2011 Mihail L. Sichitiu 5
Tablets
Velocity Micro Cruz
Gome FlyTouch Acer beTouch
Dawa D7
Toshiba Android
SmartBook
Cisco Android Tablet
@2011 Mihail L. Sichitiu 6
MarketShare
Feb10 May10 Apr11
RIM 42.1% 41.7% 29%
Apple 25.4% 24.4% 25%
Google 9% 13% 33%
Microsoft 15.1% 13.2% 7.7%
Palm 5.4% 4.8% 2.9%
@2011 Mihail L. Sichitiu 7
Architecture
@2011 Mihail L. Sichitiu 8
Android S/W Stack - Application
Android provides a set of core applications:
Email Client
SMS Program
Calendar
Maps
Browser
Contacts
Etc

All applications are written using the Java language.
@2011 Mihail L. Sichitiu 9
Android S/W Stack
App Framework
Enabling and simplifying the reuse of
components
Developers have full access to the same
framework APIs used by the core applications.
Users are allowed to replace components.
@2011 Mihail L. Sichitiu 10
Android S/W Stack
App Framework (Cont)
Features

Feature Role
View
System
Used to build an application, including lists, grids, text
boxes, buttons, and embedded web browser
Content
Provider
Enabling applications to access data from other
applications or to share their own data
Resource
Manager
Providing access to non-code resources (localized strings,
graphics, and layout files)
Notification
Manager
Enabling all applications to display customer alerts in the
status bar
Activity
Manager
Managing the lifecycle of applications and providing
a common navigation backstack
@2011 Mihail L. Sichitiu 11
Android S/W Stack - Libraries
Including a set of C/C++ libraries used by
components of the Android system
Exposed to developers through the
Android application framework

@2011 Mihail L. Sichitiu 12
Android S/W Stack - Runtime
Core Libraries
Providing most of the functionality available in
the core libraries of the Java language
APIs
Data Structures
Utilities
File Access
Network Access
Graphics
Etc
@2011 Mihail L. Sichitiu 13
Android S/W Stack Runtime
(Cont)
Dalvik Virtual Machine
Providing environment on which every Android
application runs
Each Android application runs in its own process, with
its own instance of the Dalvik VM.
Dalvik has been written such that a device can run
multiple VMs efficiently.

Register-based virtual machine
@2011 Mihail L. Sichitiu 14
Android S/W Stack Runtime
(Cont)
Dalvik Virtual Machine (Cont)
Executing the Dalvik Executable (.dex) format
.dex format is optimized for minimal memory
footprint.
Compilation



Relying on the Linux Kernel for:
Threading
Low-level memory management

@2011 Mihail L. Sichitiu 15
Android S/W Stack Linux Kernel
Relying on Linux Kernel 2.6 for core system services
Memory and Process Management
Network Stack
Driver Model
Security
Providing an abstraction layer between the H/W and the rest
of the S/W stack

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