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Evolution and Development of Management Thought

The document summarizes the evolution of management thought in the 20th century. It describes the era of scientific management pioneered by Frederick Taylor which emphasized productivity. Classical theorists like Fayol developed principles of management. Behavioral approaches focused on individual attitudes, like the Hawthorne studies. Quantitative perspectives analyzed areas like forecasting and inventory control. Systems approaches viewed organizations as open systems. Finally, contingency theory stated there is no universal solution as every problem is unique.

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qwerty12348
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16 views

Evolution and Development of Management Thought

The document summarizes the evolution of management thought in the 20th century. It describes the era of scientific management pioneered by Frederick Taylor which emphasized productivity. Classical theorists like Fayol developed principles of management. Behavioral approaches focused on individual attitudes, like the Hawthorne studies. Quantitative perspectives analyzed areas like forecasting and inventory control. Systems approaches viewed organizations as open systems. Finally, contingency theory stated there is no universal solution as every problem is unique.

Uploaded by

qwerty12348
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Evolution and Development of Management

Thought:
20th century Era of Scientific Management
Management thoughts before 20th Century:
Egyptian period
Roman Empire
Plato Job specialization in 350 B.C
Robert owen (1771-1858) British Industrialist
Charles Babbage (1792-1871) On the Economy of
machinery and manufacturers

Scientific Management:
It is also called Taylorism. The main principle is to
improve productivity. It relied on Top down approach.
Fredrick W.Taylor (1856-1915)

FrackGilberth (1868- 1924)


LilianGilbreth (1878 1972)
Henry Gantt (1861- 1919)

Haryington Emerson (1853 1931)

Fredrick Taylor:
Father of Scientific Management

He worked at Midvale steel company in


Philadelphia
Implemented a piece work wage system
The principles of scientific management
Maximum prosperity of the employer should be
coupled with Maximum prosperity of the

Employee

Frank and Lillian Gilberths


Pioneers of Time and Motion study

Frank worked as a apprentice Bricklayer

Hendry L.Gantt:

Classical Approach:
classical theory emphasis on the development
of management principles.
Hendry fayol (1841-1925)
Lyndall Urwick (1891-1983)
Max Webler (1864-1920)
Chester Barnard (1886-1961)

Fayols Principle of Management


1. Division of labour
2. Authority and Responsibility
3. Discipline

4. Unity of command
5. Subordination of individualized interest to the general
interest
6. Remuneration
7. Centralization
8. Scalar Chain
9. Order
10. Equity
11. Stability of staff
12. Initiative

13. Espiritdecorps

Behavioral Approach
It emphasis more on individual attitudes and
behaviours.
1. Hawthorne studies Elton mayo
2. Douglas Mcgregors
Theory X and Theory Y
X- Negative
Y- Positive

Quantitative Management Perspective


Forecasting
Inventory Control
Linear Programming
Queuing theory

Network model
Break even analysis (BEA)
Simulation
Regression analysis

Systems Approach:
Feedback

Inputs from Environment


Material
Human
Capital
Energy
Information

Transformation
Process

Technology
Operating
system
Control System
Administrative
system

Output
Product & Services
Profits/Losses
Employee behaviors
and Information
output

View points of system approach:


Open system
Closed system
Sub system
Synergy
Entropy

Contigency Approach:
There is no one universal solution, because every
problem is a unique one.

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