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Origin of Abhidhamma Pitaka

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The key takeaways are that there are different accounts of the origin of Abhidhamma, including traditional Buddhist stories and modern scholarly criticism. There are also discussions on how and when the Abhidhamma may have been realized, developed, and taught by the Buddha.

The two approaches mentioned are the traditional accounts on the origin of Abhidhamma and modern scholarly criticism on the origin of Abhidhamma.

The three inception stories discussed are the remote past (durenidana), recent past (avidurenidana), and immediate past (santikenidana).

Abhidhamma Pitaka

lecture 2

The origin of the Theravda


Abhidhamma
abhidhammapiaka paramatthakusalena
bhagavat paramatthabhullato desitatt
paramatthadesanti vuccati.

Aims and objectives.

Two approches
Traditional accounts on the origin of
Abhidhamma
Modern schoalstic criticism on the origin of
the Abhidhamma

Traditional accounts on the origin of


Abhidhamma
Abhidhamma preached by the Buddha himself.
Pricchattakamlamhi, paukambalanmake;
Silsane sannisinno, diccova yugandhare.
Cakkavasahassehi, dasahgamma sabbaso;
Sannisinnena devna, gaena parivrito.

Mtara pamukha katv, tass paya tejas;


Abhidhammakathmagga, devna sampavattayi.

Realized with the Buddhahood and


contemplated at the fourth week.
ratanaghara nma neva sattaratanamaya geha. Sattanna pana
pakarana sammasitahna ratanagharanti veditabba tattha
dhammasagai sammasantasspi sarrato rasmiyo na nikkhant.
Vibhagappakaraa
dhtukatha
puggalapaatti
kathvatthuppakaraa
yamakappakaraa
sammasantasspi
sarrato rasmiyo na nikkhant. Yad pana mahpakaraa oruyha
hetupaccayo
rammaapaccayope
avigatapaccayoti
sammasana
rabhi,
athassa
catuvsatisamantapahna
sammasantassa ekantato sabbautaa mahpakaraeyeva
oksa
labhi.
Yath
hi
timirapigalamahmaccho
caturstiyojanasahassagambhre mahsamuddeyeva oksa labhati,
evameva sabbautaa ekantato mahpakaraeyeva oksa
labhi.

Preached at the Tvatisa


Aparabhgepi
hi
tathgato
tvatisabhavane
pricchattakamle
paukambalasilya
dasasahassacakkavadevatna
majjhe
nisinno
mtara kyasakkhi katv kusal dhamm, akusal
dhamm, abykat dhammti dhamma desento
satabhgena sahassabhgena satasahassabhgena
dhammantar
dhammantara
sakamitv
sakamitvva desesi. Tayo mse nirantara
pavattitadesan vegena pavatt ksagag viya
adhomukhahapitaudakagha nikkhantaudakadhr
viya ca hutv anant aparim ahosi.

Preached the same discourse to the


Sariputta in short form
Paijagganeneva. Buddhnahi so so klo suvavatthito
suparicchinno supaccakkho. Tasm bhagav dhamma
desentova
manussaloke
kla
oloketi.
So
bhikkhcravela sallakkhetv nimmitabuddha mpetv
imassa cvaraggahaa pattaggahaa sarakutti kappo
ca evarpo nma hotu, ettaka nma dhamma desetti
adhihya pattacvaramdya anotattadaha gacchati.
Devat ngalatdantakaha denti. Ta khditv
anotattadahe sarra paijaggitv manosiltale hito
surattadupaa
nivsetv
cvara
prupitv
ctumahrjadattiya
selamaya
patta
dya
uttarakuru gacchati. Tato piapta haritv
anotattadahatre nisinno ta paribhujitv divvihrya
candanavana gacchati.

Sariuputta taught that to his disciples


Sriputtattheropi satthr desita desita dhamma haritv
attano saddhivihrikna pacanna bhikkhusatna desesi.
Tesa aya pubbayogo te kira kassapadasabalassa kle
khuddakavagguliyoniya nibbatt pabbhre olambant dvinna
bhidhammikabhikkhna abhidhamma sajjhyantna sare
nimitta gahetv kahapakkhasukkapakkhe ajnitvpi sare
nimittagghamattakeneva kla katv devaloke nibbattisu. Eka
buddhantara devaloke vasitv tasmi kle manussaloke nibbatt
yamakapihriye pasditv therassa santike pabbajisu. Thero
satthr desita desita dhamma haritv tesa desesi.
Sammsambuddhassa abhidhammadesanpariyosnaca tesa
bhikkhna sattappakaraauggahaaca ekappahreneva ahosi.
Abhidhamme vcanmaggo nma sriputtattherappabhavo.

Reasons for denying Abhidhamma as


not a preaching of the Buddha
Unavailability of an inception story
Later amendment of the Kathvatthuppakaraa
Not assigning Abhidhamma to a particular group
after the first Buddhist council
Unavailability of the word Abhidhamma in the
Pancasatikkhandaka
Buddhaghosas effort of proving Abhidhamma as
a teaching of the Buddha.

Ta
dhrayantesu
bhikkhsu
pubbe
eko
bhikkhu
sabbasmayikaparisya nisditv abhidhammato sutta haritv
dhamma kathento rpakkhandho abykato, cattro khandh
siy kusal siy akusal siy abykat; dasyatan abykat, dve
yatan siy kusal siy akusal siy abykat; soasa dhtuyo
abykat, dve dhtuyo siy kusal siy akusal siy abykat;
samudayasacca akusala, maggasacca kusala, nirodhasacca
abykata, dukkhasacca siy kusala siy akusala siy
abykata; dasindriy abykat, domanassindriya akusala,
anataassmtindriya kusala, cattri indriyni siy kusal
siy abykat, cha indriyni siy kusal siy akusal siy abykatti
dhammakatha kathesi.
Tasmi hne eko bhikkhu nisinno dhammakathika tva sineru
parikkhipanto viya dghasutta harasi, ki sutta nmetanti ha.
Abhidhammasutta nma, vusoti. Abhidhammasutta kasm
harasi? Ki aa buddhabhsita sutta haritu na
vaatti? Abhidhammo kena bhsitoti? Na eso buddhabhsitoti.
PTS p. 27

Vinayamattameva, vuso, uggahitanti. Tampi te duggahita,


parisapariyante nisditv niddyantena uggahita bhavissati;
tumhdise hi pabbjento v upasampdento v stisro hoti.
Ki kra? Vinayamattassapi duggahitatt; vuttaheta
tattha anpatti, na vivaetukmo igha tva, vuso,
suttanta v gthyo v abhidhamma v pariypuassu,
pacchpi vinaya pariypuissasti (pci. 442) bhaati.
Suttante oksa krpetv abhidhamma v vinaya v
pucchati, abhidhamme oksa krpetv suttanta v
vinaya v pucchati, vinaye oksa krpetv suttanta v
abhidhamma v pucchatti (pci. 1221). Tva pana
ettakampi na jnsti ettakenapi paravd niggahito hoti
PTS p. 27

Athpi eva vadeyya sace abhidhammo buddhabhsito,


yath anekesu suttasahassesu eka samaya bhagav
rjagahe viharattidin nayena nidna sajjita,
evamasspi
nidna
sajjita
bhaveyyti.
So
jtakasuttaniptadhammapaddna evarpa nidna
natthi, na cetni na buddhabhsitnti paikkhipitv
uttaripi eva vattabbo paita, abhidhammo nmesa
sabbaubuddhnayeva visayo, na aesa visayo.
Buddhnahi
okkanti
pka,
abhijti
pka,
abhisambodhi
pka,
dhammacakkappavattana
pkaa. Yamakapihriya pkaa, tidivakkamo
pkao, devaloke desitabhvo pkao, devorohana
pkaa.

Inception sotries on Abhidhamma


Idea of ven. Tissabhuti

Maalrmavs tissabhtitthero pana mahbodhinidno esa abhidhammo


nmti dassetu yena svha, bhikkhave, vihrena pahambhisambuddho
viharmi tassa padesena vihsinti (sa. ni. 5.11) ima padesavihrasuttanta
haritv kathesi. Dasavidho hi padeso nma khandhapadeso, yatanapadeso,
dhtupadeso, saccapadeso, indriyapadeso, paccaykrapadeso,
satipahnapadeso, jhnapadeso, nmapadeso, dhammapadesoti. Tesu satth
mahbodhimae pacakkhandhe nippadesena paivijjhi, ima temsa
vedankkhandhavaseneva vihsi. Dvdasyatanni ahrasa dhtuyo nippadesena
paivijjhi. Ima temsa dhammyatane vedanvasena dhammadhtuyaca
vedanvaseneva vihsi. Cattri saccni nippadesena paivijjhi, ima temsa
dukkhasacce vedanvaseneva vihsi. Bvsatindriyni nippadesena paivijjhi, ima
temsa vedanpacakaindriyavasena vihsi. Dvdasapadika
paccaykravaa nippadesena paivijjhi, ima temsa phassapaccay
vedanvaseneva vihsi. Cattro satipahne nippadesena paivijjhi, ima
temsa vedansatipahnavaseneva vihsi. Cattri jhnni nippadesena
paivijjhi, ima temsa jhnagesu vedanvaseneva vihsi. Nma
nippadesena paivijjhi, ima temsa tattha vedanvaseneva vihsi. Dhamme
nippadesena paivijjhi, ima temsa vedanttikavaseneva vihsti. Eva thero
padesavihrasuttantavasena abhidhammassa nidna kathesi.
PTS p. 30

Padesaviharasutta
Padesavihraaniddese yenkrena
mtikya uddiho padeso paccavekkhitabbo

Idea of Ven. Suamanadeva


Gmavs
sumanadevatthero
pana
hehlohapsde dhamma parivattento aya
paravd bh paggayha arae kandanto viya,
asakkhika aa karonto viya ca, abhidhamme
nidnassa atthibhvampi na jntti vatv
nidna kathento evamha eka samaya
bhagav
devesu
viharati
tvatisesu
pricchattakamle paukambalasilya. Tatra
kho
bhagav
devna
tvatisna
abhidhammakatha kathesi kusal dhamm,
akusal dhamm, abykat dhammti.

Inception stories of Abhdihamma


Abhidhamma has two inception stories
Inception story of the Abhidhamma can be
discussed under three heads.

Abhidhamma has two inception stories


dve nidnni adhigamanidnaca
desannidnaca

Adhigamanidna
adhigamanidna dpakaradasabalato
pahya yva mahbodhipallak
veditabba.

desannidna
yva dhammacakkappavattan. Eva
ubhayanidnasampannassa panassa
abhidhammassa nidnakosallattha

pahkamma veditabba aya abhidhammo nma kena


pabhvito? Kattha paripcito? Kattha adhigato? Kad adhigato?
Kena adhigato? Kattha vicito? Kad vicito? Kena vicito? Kattha
desito? Kassatthya desito? Kimattha desito? Kehi paiggahito?
Ke sikkhanti? Ke sikkhitasikkh? Ke dhrenti? Kassa vacana?
Kenbhatoti?
Tatrida
vissajjana

kena
pabhvitoti
bodhiabhinhrasaddhya
pabhvito.
Kattha
paripcitoti
ahachakkesu jtakasatesu. Kattha adhigatoti bodhimle. Kad
adhigatoti
viskhpuamsiya.
Kendhigatoti
sabbaubuddhena. Kattha vicitoti bodhimae. Kad vicitoti
ratanagharasatthe. Kena vicitoti sabbaubuddhena. Kattha
desitoti devesu tvatisesu. Kassatthya desitoti devatna.
Kimattha desitoti caturoghaniddharaattha. Kehi paiggahitoti
devehi. Ke sikkhantti sekkh ca puthujjanakaly ca. Ke
sikkhitasikkhti arahanto khsav. Ke dhrentti yesa vattati te
dhrenti. Kassa vacananti bhagavato vacana, arahato
sammsambuddhassa. Kenbhatoti cariyaparamparya.

There are three inception stories to


the Abhidhamma
drenidna, avidrenidna,
santikenidnanti ti nidnni

drenidna - remote past


Tattha dpakarapdamlato pahya yva
tusitapur drenidna veditabba

Avidrenidna Recent Past


Tusitapurato pahya yva bodhima
avidrenidna.

santikenidna
Eka samaya bhagav devesu viharati
tvatisesu pricchattakamle
paukambalasilya, tattha kho bhagav
devna tvatisna abhidhammakatha
kathesti idamassa santikenidna.

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