2

2l h

2 l 2

r 21 h
V f (a)=

(1)

r 21 h r 21
V f (b)= 2 = 2
r2 h r2

(2)

According to assumption:

V f (a)=V f (b )
r 21 r 21
=
L2 r 22
L=2 l= r 2
t (a) =

(3)

L ( r 2 r 2 ) ( r 2 ) r 2
=
=
= t (b)
L
r2
(r2 )

So we have same transvers strain:

(4)

t (a) = t (b)

Now we considering axial strain:

z (f )= f r 21

(5)

Matrix stress internal in Z- direction,

z (m )= m (r 22r 21 )

(6)

Total stress of fiber and matrix in axial direction.

z (f ) + z (m )=0
f r 21 + m ( r 22r 21 ) =0
Now strain in axial direction of fiber and matrix.

(7)

 1= 1 T
f 1=

m =

f 1
+ T
Ef 1 f 1

m
+ T
Em m

(8)

1= f 1= m

(9)

So
2

r
V f = 12
r2
r 22r 21
V m=1V f = 2
r2

(10)

Now by the rule of matrix in thermal expansion:

( 1 T f T ) Ef f = 1 T f T
f =

(11)

( 1 T m T )E f m= 1 T m T
m =

(12)

And

f V f + m V m =0
Substituting the value of

(
m T )E m V m=0
( 1 T f T )E f V f +

And

(13)

and

, so

(14)

( 1 m ) E m V m=0
( 1 f )E f V f +

(15)

1 ( E f V f + E m V m ) f E f V f m Em V m =0
1=

f E f V f + m Em V m
E f V f + Em V m

No displacement in

uf

function

r =0 ,

um

and

zr =0

(16)

direction for both fiber and matrix, radial displacement

z =0

Orthotropic materials condition for material symmetry: by Plane strain

{ }[

]{ }

fr
fr
S11 S12 S13 0 0 0
f
f
S12 S22 S23 0 0 0
fz

S
S
S 0 0 0
= 13 23 33
fz
fr
fr
0
0 0 0 S11 0
fz
fz
0 0 0 0 S 11 0
0 0 0 0
frz
0 S 11 frz

[ ]

v 12 v31
E1
E3
v31 0 0 0
1
0 0 0
fr
E1
E3 0 0 0
f
v 13
1

E1
E3
fz
fr
1
0
0
2 G31
fz
0 0 0
frz
1
0
0 0 0 0
2G31
0 0 0
( 1+ v 12 )
0
0
2 G31

1
E1
v 12
E1
v 13
E1
=

{}
fr
f
fz
fr
fz
frz

(17)

{}

(18)

[ ]

1
E1
v12
E1
v 13
E1
S=

v 12
E1
1
E1
v 13
E1
1
2G31

v 31
E3
v 31 0 0 0
0 0 0
E3 0 0 0
1
E3

0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0

1
2 G 31

(19)

( 1+ v12 )
2 G 31

Or in 3-dimension:

[ ]
v 12
E1
1
E1
v 13
E1

1
E1
v12
A=
E1
v 13
E1

Det ( A )=

1
E1

v 31
E3
v 31
E3
1
E3

(20)

v 13
v 12
v 31
v 12
1
1
1
v 31
1
v 13
v 13
v13
E1
E1
v 12 E 1
E3
v 31 E1
E1

E3
E3
E1
E3
E1
E3
E1
E1

) (

)(

v 122 + v 12v 31v 13

) (

)(

1v 31v 13

1v 31v 13v 122 + v 12v 31v 13 + v 12v 31v 13v 3 1v 13

E1 E 3

E1 E 3

E12E 3

v 12v 31v 13+ v 13v 1 3

v
v
2

12( 31v 13 )v 12 +

12( 31v 13 )v 122 +

2( 12v 31v 13)

v
v
2( 12v 31v 13)+ v 12v 12
E12E 3

12( 31v 13 )v 122 +

v
v
2( 12v 31v 13)+ v 12v 12
E12E 3

v
v

12( 31v 13 )v 12v 122 +

2( 12v 31v 13 )+ v 12
E12E 3

v
1(12( 31v 13 )v 12)v 12 (12( v 31v 13 )v 12)
2

E1 E3

(1+v 12)(12( v31v 13)v 12)

[ ]

1
E1
v 12
AT =
E1
v 31
E3

v 12
E1
1
E1
v 31
E3

v 13
E1
v 13
E1
1
E3

Adjacent (A):

[
[
[
[
[
[

]
]
]
]
]
]

1
E1
A 11 =
v 31
E3

v 13
1v 13v 31
E1
=
E3E1
1
E3

v 12
E1
A 13=
v 31
E3

1
v v +v
E1
= 12 31 31
E3E1
v 31
E3

v 12
E1
A 21=
v 31
E3

v 13
v v v
E1
= 12 13 31
E3E1
1
E3

1
E1
A 23=
v 31
E3

v 12
v +v v
E1
= 31 12 31
E3E1
v 31
E3

v 12
E1
A 31=
1
E1

v 13
v v + v
E1
= 12 312 13
v 13
E1
E1

1
E1
A 33=
v 12
E1

v 12
1v122
E1
=
E 12
1
E1

[ ]

v 12
E1
A 12=
v 31
E3

v 13
v v v
E1
= 12 13 31
E3E1
1
E3

[ ]

1
E1
A 22=
v 31
E3

v 13
1v13v 31
E1
=
E 3E1
1
E3

[ ]

1
E1
A 32=
v 12
E1

v 13
v v +v
E1
= 12 132 13
v 13
E1
E1


+++++
1v 13v 31
v 12v 13v 31
v12v 31+ v 31
E3E1
E3E1
E 3E1
v 12v 13v 31
1v 13v 31
v 31 + v 12v 31
Adjecent ( A ) =

E3E1
E3E1
E 3E1
v 12v31 + v13
v 12v 13 + v 13
1v122

E1

1v 13v 31
E3E1
v 12+ v 13v 31

E3E1
v 12v31 + v13
E12

A1=

C=

E1

v12 + v13v 31
E 3E1
1v 13v 31
E 3E1
v 12v 13 +v 13
E 12

2
1

v 12v 31+ v 31
E3E1
v 31 + v12v 31
E3E1
1v 122
E1 2

Adjecent ( A)
Det ( A )

1v 13v31
E3E 1
v 12+ v 13v 31
E3E 1
v 12v 31+ v 13
E 12

v 12+ v 13v 31
E3E1
1v 13v 31
E3E1
v 12v 13 + v 13
E1 2

v 12v 31 +v 31
E3E 1
v 31 +v 12v 31
E3E 1
1v 122
E 12

(1+v 12)(12(v 31v 13)v 12)

Stress-strain relations for linear elastic orthotropic materials:

{ }[

fr
C 11 C12 C 13 0
f
C 12 C22 C 23 0
0
fz
= C13 C 23 C 33
fr
0 0 0 C 11 0
fz
0 0 0 0 C 11
0 0 0 0
frz
0

]{ }

fr f 2 T
f f 2 T
f 1 T
fz
fr f 1 T
0
fz f 1 T
0
C 11 frz f 1 T

0 0
0 0
0 0

And when we used Transversely Isotropic with temperatures then: in 3-dimension

{ }[

]{

fr
C 11 C12 C 13 fr f 2 T
f = C 12 C22 C 23 f f 2 T
fz
C 13 C23 C 33 fz f 1 T

C11 =C 22 , C23=C 13 , C 55=C 44 , C 66=(C 11C 12)/2

{ }[

]{

fr
C 11 C12 C 13 fr f 2 T
=
f
C 12 C 11 C 13 f f 2 T
fz
C 13 C13 C 33 fz f 1 T

v 31 v 13
=
E3
E1

C11 =

E1 ( 1v 13v 31 )
Adjecent ( A 11)
=
Det ( A)
(1+ v 12)(12(v 31v 13 )v 12 )

C12=

E1 ( v12 + v13v 31 )
Adjecent (A 12)
=
Det (A )
(1+ v12 )(12( v 31v 13 )v 12 )

C13=

E 1 ( v 13+ v 12v 31 )
Adjecent (A 13)
=
Det ( A)
(1+ v 12)(12( v 31v 13)v 12)

E3 ( 1v 122)
Adjecent (A 33)
C33=
=
Det ( A)
(1+ v 12)(12(v 31v 13)v 12)

E 1 ( 1v 13 v 31)
E1 ( v 12 +v 13 v 31 )
(1+ v 12)(12 v 31 v 13v 12 ) ( 1+ v 12)(12 v 31 v 13 v 12)
fr
E1 ( v 12+ v 13 v 31)
E 1 ( 1v 13v 31 )
f =
(1+ v 12)(12 v 31 v 13v 12 ) ( 1+ v 12)(12 v 31 v 13 v 12)
fz
E3 ( v 13+ v 12v 31 )
E3 ( v 13+ v 12v 31 )
(1+ v 12)(12 v 31 v 13v 12 ) ( 1+ v 12)(12 v 31 v 13 v 12)

{}
=

E 1 ( v 13+ v 12 v31 )
(1+v 12)(12 v 31 v 13v 12)
fr f 2 T
E1 ( v 13 +v 12v 31)
f f 2 T
(1+v 12)(12 v 31 v 13v 12)
fz f 1 T
E 3 ( 1v 122 )
(1+v 12)(12 v 31 v 13v 12)

1
(1+ v 12)(12 v 31 v 13v12 )

{ }[

E1 ( 1v 13 v 31 )
fr
f = E1 ( v12 + v13 v 31 )
fz
E3 ( v 13+ v 12 v 31 )

E1 ( v 12+ v 13 v 31)
E1 ( 1v 13v 31 )
E 3 ( v 13+ v 12 v 31)

]{ }

E 1 ( v 13+ v 12 v 31 )
fr f 2 T
E1 ( v 13 +v 12v 31) f f 2 T
fz f 1 T
E 3 ( 1v 122 )

Now for Isotropic matrix:

{ }[

]{

mr
q11 q12 q12 mr m T
m = q 12 q 11 q12 m m T
mz
q 12 q12 q33 mz m T

q11 =

E1 ( 1v 13v 31 )
Adjecent (Q 11)
=
Det (Q)
(1+ v12 )(12( v 31v 13)v 12 )

q12=

E1 ( v 12 +v 13v 31 )
Adjecent (Q12)
=
Det (Q)
(1+v 12 )( 12(v 31v 13)v 12)

E3 ( 1v 122 )
Adjecent (Q 33)
q33=
=
Det (Q)
(1+ v 12)(12(v 31v13 )v 12 )
Strain and displacement relations in cylindrical coordinate or polar coordinate:

u=u r er + u e +u z e z
u=0 ,

=0 independent of .

For fiber:
In r-direction:

ir =

u
r

f r=
In

(ur e r +u e +u z e z ) u r
=
r
r

direction:

u 1 v uf
f = +
=
r r r
In z direction:

f z=

wf
z

zr =

u f w f
+
z z

For matrix
In r-direction:

m r=

u
r

m r=

(ur er +u e +u z e z ) um
=
r
r

In

direction:

u 1 v um
f = +
=
r r r
In z direction:

fz =

wm
z

 zr =

u m wm
+
z
z

Now equivalent equation in polar form:

fr 1 f fr f
+
+
+ F f =0
r r
r

(1)

f 1 f f 2 f
+
+
+
+ F =0
r r
z r r

(2)

fz 1 fz fz 1 fz
+
+
+
+F z=0
r r z r r

(3)

From the assumption all are independent to

and z as well as force is also zero

So from (1)

fr 1 f fr f
+
+
+ F f =0
r r
r
Now substituting the value of

fr fr f
+
=0
r
r
fr

f
2

u C u C u

C 11 r + 11 r 11 f =0
r
r
r r
r r

C11

ur C 11 ur C11
+
2 uf =0
2
r r
r
r

C11 = E1 ( 1v 13v 31) 0 , uf is independent z .

uf = A1 r +

A2
A A2 are constant .
r 1

So from (2)

f 1 f f 2 f
+
+
+
+ F =0
r r
z r r

0, with respect to

So from (3)

fz 1 fz fz 1 fz
+
+
+
+F z=0
r r z r r
Now substituting the value of

fz fz 1 fz
+
+
=0
r
z r r
fz

or

is zero.

 wf
w f C 13 w z

C 13
+
C 13

=0
r
r
z
z
r z

) (

2wr
2 w f C13 w z
C13
+ C13

=0
r z
r2
z2
2

wf
2

wz
=0
z

w f = A 3 Z+ A 3

A 3 A 4 are constant .

Similarly we did for matrix:

m r 1 mrz m r m
+
+
=0
r r
r
Now substituting the value of

mr

and

u
q wm
u

q11 m + 11
q 11 m =0
r
r
r z
r

2 um q 11 w m q 11
q11
+
u m=0
r z
r
r2

um =A 5 r +

A6
A A6 are constant .
r 5

In transverse direction of fiber

m z mrz mr
+
+ =0
r
z
r
after substituting the value of

mrz

and

mr

w m= A7 z+ A 8 A 7 A8 are constant .

According to assumption fiber and matrix shear have same axial displacement
function

w .

w f =wm
Boundary condition

A 3 z+ A 4= A 7 z + A8

A 3= A 7

r=0 ,u f =0 , so it gives A2 =0u f = A 1 r

Interface between the fiber and matrix:

uf (r=r )=um (r=r )

A 1 r 1= A 3 r +

A6
r1

A 6= ( A 1 r 1A 3 r 1 ) r 1
Second in Interface pressure between the fiber and matrix:

f r (r =r )= mr (r=r )
1

[ ][
C 11
C 12
C 13

A 1 r 1 A 3 r 1
T

][ ]

A1 f 2 T
q 11
A2 f 2 T = q 1 2
A3 f 1 T
q13

[ ]
A6
m T
r1
A
A5 + 6 m T
r1
A3 m T

A3

fr =

u r ( A 1 r 1A 3 /r 1 )
=
=0
r
r

f =

ur A 1 r1 A 2
=
2 =0
r
r1
r1

fz =

wr ( A3 z 1A 4 )
=
=0
z
z

fr = A1

f =A 1

fz =A 3

And

m r=

um ( A 5 r 1A 6 /r 1 )
A
=
= A5 62
r
r
r1

m =

u m A 5 r1 A 6
A6
=
+ 2 = A 5+ 2
r
r1
r1
r1

m z=

w m ( A 7 z + A8 )
=
= A7
z
z

m r= A5

m =A 5 +

A6
r 12

m z = A 7= A 3

A6
r1

So we can now write in this way:

( C 11 +C12 +q 11q 12) A1 + ( C 13q 13 ) A3 2 q11 A5= ( C11 +C 12 ) f 2 T +C 13 f 1 T (q112q 12) m T

r=r 2

Outer cylinder surface of the matrix is free and it suffers nothing

mr (r=r )=0
2

So

[]

q11
mr (r=r )= q12
q 13
2

[ ]
A6
m T
r2
A
A 5+ 6 m T
r2
A3 m T

A5

( q 11q 12 ) v f A1 +q 12 A 3 + ( q 11 +q 11 v f q1 2 v f +q 12) A5 =(q 11 +2 q12 ) m T

(25)

In the direction, the forces that are perpendicular to the cross section of the
concentric model must be equivalent, that is:

F fz + F m z =0
r1

r1

fr rdrd= r
0

[ ][
C 11
C 12
C 13

r1

A 1 f 2 T
A 2 f 2 T drd
A 3 f 1 T
2

F fz=
0

(26)

r1

r1

m r rdrd= r
0

[]
q11
q 12
q 13

[ ]

A6
m T
r2
drd
A
A5 + 6 m T
r2
A3 m T

A 5

r1

(28)

F m z=
0

Thus:

F fz + F mz=0
2C 13 V f A 1+ [ C3 3 V f + ( 1V f ) q11 ] A3 +2 q12 ( 1V f ) A 5=2 C13 V f f 2 T +C 33 V f f 1 T + ( 1V f ) (q11 +2 q 12) m T
(29)

So from equation 24, 25 and 29 we can write in this term:

B A=D
Therein:

B=[ B1 B2 B3 ]

C 11 +C 12+q 11q12
B 1=
( q11 q 12) v f
2 C 13 V f

D=

and

A= [ A 1

A3

A5]

C13q13
B 2=
q 12
C 33 V f + ( 1V f ) q11

( C 11 +C 12) f 2 T + C13 f 1 T (q 112 q 12) m T

So,

A=B1 D
At

r2

2 q11
B 3= q11 +q 11 v f q 12 v f +q 12
2 q12 ( 1V f )

, the radius displacement of this concentric model is:

A
( 1 A5 )V f
A5 +

2
A6
( A1 A 5 ) r 1
umr (r=r ) =A 5 r 2+ = A 5 r 2 +
=
r2
r2

( from equation 7 and 8.)

The coefficient of thermal expansion is defined as

l
l T

for the dimension l,

so the transverse CTE of the RVE is:

2=

u mr(r =r ) r 2 [ A 1 V f + A 5 V m ] A 1 V f + A 5 V m
r2
d +d
=
=
=
= m + 1 2
r 2 T r 2 T
r 2 T
r2
n1 +n 2+ n3
2

Where

d 1=E f 1 E f 2 V f v 12 [ ( v m2+ v m V m ) ( m f 1) + 2V f ( f 2 m ) + v m2 V f ( m + f 12 f 2 ) ]
1v m v 12
2 v 21 V m ( ) ( m f 2) + v 12 V m ( 2 v 21 m + v m2 ) ( m + f 1 )

d 2=E f 1 E m V f
v

v 21 +( 21+ v 12 ) V f + v m v 21 V m (1+ 4 v 21) v m v 21 V m

n1=E f 1 E m V m
n2=E m2 V m 2 v 12 (1v m2 v 21 v 1 2)
n3=E f 1 Ef 2 V f v 12(1+ v f 2 v m2 V f + v m V m )

Reference:
1) Applied Mechanics of Solids by Allan F. Bower,