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    Virginia Wastewater Treatment Examination Formula Sheet

    Uploaded by

    alexesc
    The document provides formulas and calculations for various parameters in wastewater treatment. It includes formulas for areas, volumes, flow conversions, chemical dosing, solids handling, biological treatment processes, sampling, and analytical testing. Calculations cover topics like circumference, hydraulic loading, return rates, feed rates, volatile solids reduction, alkalinity, pumping parameters, and more.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Virginia Wastewater Treatment Examination Formula Sheet

    Uploaded by

    alexesc
    289 views15 pages
    The document provides formulas and calculations for various parameters in wastewater treatment. It includes formulas for areas, volumes, flow conversions, chemical dosing, solids handling, biological treatment processes, sampling, and analytical testing. Calculations cover topics like circumference, hydraulic loading, return rates, feed rates, volatile solids reduction, alkalinity, pumping parameters, and more.

    Original Description:

    wastewater formulas

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    The document provides formulas and calculations for various parameters in wastewater treatment. It includes formulas for areas, volumes, flow conversions, chemical dosing, solids handling, biological treatment processes, sampling, and analytical testing. Calculations cover topics like circumference, hydraulic loading, return rates, feed rates, volatile solids reduction, alkalinity, pumping parameters, and more.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    289 views15 pages

    Virginia Wastewater Treatment Examination Formula Sheet

    Uploaded by

    alexesc
    The document provides formulas and calculations for various parameters in wastewater treatment. It includes formulas for areas, volumes, flow conversions, chemical dosing, solids handling, biological treatment processes, sampling, and analytical testing. Calculations cover topics like circumference, hydraulic loading, return rates, feed rates, volatile solids reduction, alkalinity, pumping parameters, and more.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    VirginiaWastewaterTreatmentExaminationFormulaSheet

    1.Circumference,Area,Volume
    a.Circumference

    C=3.1416Diameter

    b.Perimeter

    P=[2Length]+[2Width]

    c.Area

    Rectangle

    Area=LengthWidth

    Circle

    Area=0.785DiameterDiameter

    Triangle

    Area=BaseHeight

    d.Volume

    Rectangle

    Volume=LengthWidthDepth

    Cylinder

    Volume=0.785DiameterDiameter
    Depth

    Cone

    Volume=0.262DiameterDiameter
    Height

    Sphere

    Volume=0.524DiameterDiameter
    Diameter

    2.ConversionFactors
    a.fttogallons

    Volume,Gallons=Volume,ft37.48gallons/ft3

    b.Gallonstopounds

    Pounds=Gallons8.34lbs/gallon

    c.mg/Ltopounds

    Pounds=Concentration,mg/LTAnkVolume,MG
    8.34lbs/MG/mg/L

    d.mg/Ltopounds/day

    Pounds/Day=Concentration,mg/LFlow,MGD
    8.34lbs/MG/mg/L

    e.mg/Ltokilograms/day

    Kilograms/Day=Conc.,mg/LFlow,MGD3.785
    lbs/MG/mg/L

    f.mg/Kgtopounds/ton

    Pounds/Ton=Concentration,mg/KG0.002
    lbs/ton/mg/KG

    g.Poundstomg/L

    h.Pounds/Daytomg/L
    i.Pounds/DaytoMGD

    3.Flow
    a.MGDtoGPD

    Flow,GPD=Flow,MGD1,000,000gallons/MG

    b.MGDtoGPM
    c.MGDtoCFS

    Flow,cfs=Flow,MGD1.55cfs/MGD

    4.ChemicalWeight
    UsingSpecificGravity

    Weight/lbs/gallon=Specificgravity8.34lbs/gallon

    5.PopulationEquivalent

    6.PercenttoDecimalPercent

    7.PercentRemoval(Wastewater)
    a.BasedonConcentration
    b.BasedonQuantity(lbs,
    lbs/day,KGorKG/day)

    8.HydraulicDetentionTime
    a.HDT,Minutes

    b.HDT,Hours
    c.HDT,Days

    9.FlowMeasurement
    a.Flow,(FillandDraw),GPM
    b.Flow(Velocity),cfs

    Flow(Q),cfs=ChannelWidth,ftWaterDepth,ftVelocity,
    fps

    10.GritRemoval
    a.Velocity(float
    method)
    b.Velocity
    c.SettlingTime*
    d.RequiredChannel
    Length*
    *Thesettlingvelocitymustbegivenordeterminedexperimentally.

    11.Settling
    a.WeirOverflowRate
    b.SurfaceLoadingRate
    c.SolidsLoadingRate

    12.Ponds
    a.AreainAcres

    b.VolumeinAcre
    Feet
    c.FlowinAcre
    Feet/Day

    Flow,AcreFeet/Day=Flow,MGD3.069AcreFeet/MG

    d.Flow,Acre
    Inches/Day

    Flow,AcreInches/Day=Flow,MGD36.8AcreInches/MG

    e.HydraulicDetention
    Time,Days
    f.HydraulicLoading
    g.OrganicLoading
    h.PopulationLoading

    13.TricklingFilter
    a.TotalFlow(given
    flows)

    TotalFlow,MGD=InfluentFlow,MGD+RecirculationFlow,MGD

    b.TotalFlow(given
    ratio)

    TotalFlow,MGD=InfluentFlow,MGD(1.0+RecirculationRate)

    c.HydraulicLoading
    TotalFlowalwaysincludesrecirculatedflow.

    d.OrganicLoading
    Organicloadingdoesnotincluderecirculatedflows.

    14.RotatingBiologicalContactors
    a.Soluble
    BOD
    b.Total
    Media
    c.Hydraulic
    Loading
    d.Soluble
    Organic
    Loading

    SBOD,mg/L=TotalBOD5,mg/L('K'FactorInfluentTSSmg/L)

    e.Total
    Organic
    Loading

    15.ActivatedSludge
    a.
    Settled
    Sludge
    Volume
    b.
    Settled
    Sludge
    Volume
    c.
    Return
    Rate(By
    SSV)
    d.
    Return
    Rate(By
    SVI)

    e.
    Return
    Rate
    (Clarifier
    Mass
    Balance)
    f.
    Clarifier
    Solids
    (Core
    Sample)

    Solids C,lbs=CoreSampleTSS,mg/LVolumeCMG8.34lbs/mg/L/MG

    g.
    Clarifier
    Solids
    (MLSS)

    SolidsC=MLSS,mg/LVolumeC,MG8.34lbs/mg/L/MG

    h.
    Clarifier
    Solids
    (MLSS
    and
    RASSS)

    C=ClarifierorSettlingTank

    MLSS=MixedLiquorSuspendedSolidsinmilligrams/Liter
    RASSS=ReturnActivatedSludgeSuspendedSolidsinmilligrams/Liter

    i.Sludge
    Volume
    Index
    j.F:M
    Ratio
    k.
    Desired
    MLVSS,
    (lbs)
    l.
    Desired
    MLVSS
    (mg/L)
    m.
    Waste
    Volatile
    Solids
    (Based
    onF:M)
    n.
    Waste
    Rate,
    MGD
    (Based
    onF:M)
    o.
    MCRT,
    Days
    p.
    Waste
    Solids,
    lbs/day
    (Based
    on
    MCRT)
    q.
    Waste
    Rate,
    MGD
    (Based
    on
    MCRT)
    r.Waste
    Rate,
    GPM

    Waste,lbs=ActualMLVSS,lbsRequiredMLVSS,lbs

    16.ChemicalAddition
    a.
    Demand

    Demand,mg/L=Dose,mg/LResidual,mg/L

    b.Dose,
    mg/L
    c.
    Required
    Chemical
    (Feed
    Rate,
    lbs/day)
    d.Feed
    Rate,gpd
    e.Feed
    Rate,gpm
    f.Feed
    Rate,
    mL/minute
    g.Supply
    Required
    h.Supply
    onHand
    i.
    Increases,
    (price,
    usage,or
    forsafety)

    Increase=CurrentAmount[1.0+%(decimal)Increase]

    j.
    Chemical
    Cost

    k.
    Chemical
    Makeup
    (dry
    chemical)
    l.
    Chemical
    Makeup
    (solution)
    m.Active
    Ingredient

    ChemicalUsedActiveIngredient=ChemicalUsed,lbs%ActiveIngredient

    17.SolidsPumping

    a.EstimatedPumpRate
    (gallons/minute)
    b.GallonpumpedGPD

    GPD=PumpRate,gpmCycles,Cycles/dayCycleTime,
    minutes/cycle

    c.SolidsPumpedlbs/day

    Solids,lbs/day=SolidsVolume,gpd8.34lbs/gal%
    (decimal)Solids

    d.VolatileSolidsPumped,
    lbs/day

    VolatileSolids,lbs/day=SolidsVolume,gpd8.34lbs/gal
    %Solids%VolatileMatter
    *All%valuesmustbeindecimalform.

    18.Thickening
    a.SolidsLoadingRate(SLR)
    lbs/day/ft2
    b.SolidsLoadingRate(SLR)
    lbs/hour/ft2
    c.SolidsVolumeRatio(SVR)
    d.HydraulicLoading

    e.Air:SolidsRatio

    f.ConcentrationFactor

    19.AerobicDigestion
    a.Volatile
    SolidsLoading
    lbs/day/ft3
    b.Digestion
    Time(basedon
    flow)
    c.Digestion
    Time(basedon
    solids)
    d.Chemical
    Requirement

    e.Volatile
    Matter
    Reduction

    20.AnaerobicDigestion
    a.SeedVolume

    Seed,gallons=DigesterVolume,gallonsDesired%SeedVolume

    b.Volatile
    SolidsLoading
    c.Volatile
    Acids/Alkalinity
    Ratio
    d.Chemical
    Requirement
    e.Volatile
    Matter
    Reduction
    f.Gas
    Production
    ft3/Day

    Gas,ft3=VolatileSolids In,lbs/day%V.M.ReductionRate,ft3/lbV.M.Destroyed

    21.LandApplication
    a.Solids
    Production(dry
    tons/year)
    b.Solids
    Production(wet
    tons/year)

    c.Plant
    Available
    Nitrogen(PAN)
    (lbs/dryton)

    [(OrganicN,mg/kgf1)+(AmmoniaN,mg/kgV1)]0.002
    f1=MineralizationRate(assume0.20)
    V1=VolatilizationRate
    InjectedSludge=1.0
    IncorporatedWithin24hours=0.85
    IncorporatedWithin7days=0.70

    d.Application
    Rate(nitrogen
    basis)
    e.Metals
    Loading
    lbs/acre
    f.Allowable
    Applications
    (MetalsBasis)

    Loading,lbs/Acre=Concentration,mg/kgApplicationRate,D.T./acre0.002
    mg/kg/dryton

    g.SiteLIfe
    (metalbasis)

    22.Pumping
    a.HeadtoPressure

    b.TotalDynamicHead

    TDH,ft=StaticHead,ft+FrictionHead,ft+VelocityHead,ft

    c.WaterHorsepower
    d.BrakeHorsepower
    e.MotorHorsepower

    23.ElectricalEnergy
    a.Hptokilowatts(kW)

    Kilowatts=Horsepower0.746Kw/hp

    b.kWtokilowatthrs

    KilowattHour=KilowattsUsedHoursOperated

    c.PowerCost

    Cost=KilowatthoursusedCost/Kilowatt

    24.Sampling

    a.CompositeSample
    Volume,mL

    T=SampleCollectionTime

    b.ProportioningFactor
    (PF)
    c.SampleVolume(Using
    PF)

    SampleVolume,mL=FlowTPF

    T=Timesampleiscollected

    25.Alkalinity

    Conventional

    A=VolumeofStandardAcidUsed
    N=NormalityofStandardAcid

    LowLevel

    B=VolumeofStandardAcidUsedtoreachpH4.34.5
    C=TotalVolumeofStandardAcidfortitration
    N=NormalityofStandardAcid

    26.Hardness
    a.EDTA
    Standardization

    b.Hardness,mg/L
    CalciumCarbonate

    A=EDTAusedinTitration,mL
    B=EDTACaCO3Equivalence,mL/mL

    27.AmmoniaNitrogen

    a.Nesslerization

    A=MicrogramsofNfromcalibrationcurve
    B=Volumeofdistillatecollected
    C=Volumeofdistillateusedfornesslerization
    SampleVolume=Originalsamplevolumeplacedindistillationflask

    b.Titration

    A=Volumeoftitrantusedforsample
    B=Volumeoftitrantusedforblank
    SampleVolume=Volumeofsampleusedfortitration

    28.BiochemicalOxygenDemand

    a.Unseeded
    Samples
    b.Seed
    CorrectionFactor
    c.Seeded
    Samples

    29.ChemicalOxygenDemand
    a.FASStandardization(OpenReflux)
    b.FASStandardization(ClosedReflux)

    c.COD

    A=FASUsedforBlank,mL
    B=FASUsedforSample,mL
    C=FASMolarity

    30.TotalResidualChlorine
    a.IodometricDirectTitration
    b.IodometricBackTitration(No
    Iodinecorrection)
    c.IodineCorrection
    d.IodometricBackTitration
    (WithIodinecorrection)
    e.IodometricBackTitration
    IodateTitrant

    31.DissolvedOxygen

    WinklerTitration

    IfN=0.0250&SampleVolume=200mL
    then:TitrantUsed=D.O.,mg/L


    32.FecalColiform
    a.MultipleTube
    b.MembraneFiltration

    33.NitrateNitrogen
    a.BrucineSulfate
    b.CadmiumReduction

    34.NitriteNitrogen

    DiazotizationDilutedSample

    C=NO2NConcentration,mg/L
    V=Totalvolumeafterdilution,mL
    S=SampleVolumeindilution,mL

    35.Phosphorous
    Phosphorous

    36.TotalSuspendedSolids
    TSS,mg/L

    37.TotalKjeldahlNitrogen

    a.Nesslerization

    A=MicrogramsofNfromcalibrationcurve
    B=Volumeofdistillatecollected
    C=Volumeofdistillateusedfornesslerization
    SampleVolume=Originalsamplevolumeplacedindistillationflask

    b.Titration

    A=Volumeoftitrantusedforsample
    B=Volumeoftitrantusedforblank
    SampleVolume=Volumeofsampleusedfortitration

    38.TotalVolatileSuspendedSolids

    TVSS,mg/L

    A=WeightofDriedSolids&Support
    C=WeightofAsh&Support

    39.Residual(Sludge)SolidsTests
    a.%Solids
    b.%VolatileMatter

    c.%Moisture

    40.VPDESReporting
    a.AverageMonthly
    Concentration
    b.AverageWeekly
    Concentration
    c.AverageDaily
    Concentration
    d.AverageHourly

    Concentration

    e.DailyQuantity

    f.AverageMonthly
    Quantity
    g.AverageWeekly
    Quantity
    h.GeometricMean(Xy)
    i.GeometricMean(log)

    DailyQuantity,KG/Day=Conc.,mg/LFlow,MGD3.785lbs/MG/mg/L
    Conc.=IndividualTestResultinmg/L
    Flow=FlowondaysamplewascollectedinMGD

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