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    Toxicity Antidote Decontamination Elimination Barbiturate

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    razeghi
    This document provides information on the toxicity, antidotes, decontamination, and elimination methods for various substances including barbiturates, benzodiazepines, antidepressants, amphetamines, cannabis, methanol, ethanol, cocaine, and salicylate. For each substance, it lists potential toxic effects and recommendations for antidotes, whether activated charcoal is recommended, and how the substance is eliminated from the body, such as through hemodialysis.

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    Toxicity Antidote Decontamination Elimination Barbiturate

    Uploaded by

    razeghi
    24 views2 pages
    This document provides information on the toxicity, antidotes, decontamination, and elimination methods for various substances including barbiturates, benzodiazepines, antidepressants, amphetamines, cannabis, methanol, ethanol, cocaine, and salicylate. For each substance, it lists potential toxic effects and recommendations for antidotes, whether activated charcoal is recommended, and how the substance is eliminated from the body, such as through hemodialysis.

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    Toxicity

    Original Title

    Toxic

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    This document provides information on the toxicity, antidotes, decontamination, and elimination methods for various substances including barbiturates, benzodiazepines, antidepressants, amphetamines, cannabis, methanol, ethanol, cocaine, and salicylate. For each substance, it lists potential toxic effects and recommendations for antidotes, whether activated charcoal is recommended, and how the substance is eliminated from the body, such as through hemodialysis.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    24 views2 pages

    Toxicity Antidote Decontamination Elimination Barbiturate

    Uploaded by

    razeghi
    This document provides information on the toxicity, antidotes, decontamination, and elimination methods for various substances including barbiturates, benzodiazepines, antidepressants, amphetamines, cannabis, methanol, ethanol, cocaine, and salicylate. For each substance, it lists potential toxic effects and recommendations for antidotes, whether activated charcoal is recommended, and how the substance is eliminated from the body, such as through hemodialysis.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    Toxicity

    Antidote
    X

    Barbiturate
    Benzodiazepin

    Anti Depressant
    noncyclic

    Anti Depressant
    tricyclic

    Amphetamine

    Cannabis ,
    Marjuana

    Methanol

    Flumazenil 0.1-0.2 mg I.V


    Max :3mg ( drawback: side
    sever effect )

    For suspected serotonin


    syndrome
    - Cyproheptadine 4mg PO
    every hr for 3doses
    - Methysergid 2mg PO
    every hr for 3doses
    - QRS interval prolongation
    sodium bicarbonate 1-2
    mEq/kg
    - Hyperventilation induce
    respiratory alkalosis
    - Physostigmine used in
    past but withdraw for
    sever side effect
    X
    Agitation : Diazepam 10 mg
    I.V
    HTN: Phentolamine
    X
    Physiological disturbance :
    Use : lorazepam , diazepam
    Bicarbonate 400-600 mmol
    during first hrs (reserve
    visual impairment)
    1ml/kg of 5fold diluted
    alcohol 96%
    0.16ml/kg/hr maintenance

    Decontamination

    Elimination

    AC (1g/kg) ,
    MDAC (15-20g ever
    6h)
    AC (chance of
    aspiration so protect
    airway ),
    Gastric emptying may
    useful

    + Alkalinization (PH > 7.5


    ) only in phenobarbital

    AC , do not induce
    emesis

    X
    (Extensive protein binding ,
    large volume distribution)

    AC , do not induce
    emesis
    Gastric lavage for
    large ingestion 2030mg/kg

    AC , do not induce
    emesis
    AC , Ipecac induced
    vomiting
    May be useful
    (prehospital)

    Ethanol

    X
    (EPB,LVD)

    X , renal elimination by
    acidification of urine but not
    recommended due to
    nephrotoxicity
    X

    (LVD)

    Haemodialysis
    X

    dose oraly

    Fomepizole : 15mg/kg
    loading dose
    10mg/kg 4bolus
    every 12hrs
    Abnormal mental status
    glucose 25-50g , Naloxone
    2mg , Thiamine 100mg

    Folic acid/ Folinic acid


    50mg I.V every 4hrs for
    24hrs
    Magnesium

    Gastric lavage

    Haemodialysis
    (but invasive procedure)

    Cocaine

    Salicylate
    (aspirin)

    Seizures lorazepam 2mg


    Disulfiram : 12hr before off
    alcohol
    Orally 250500mg/day
    Acamprosate : 666mg/d
    3doses
    X
    HTN: phentolamine
    HTN, Agitation :Dizepam 510mg
    MI: diazepam,aspirin 325mg
    ,nitroglycerin 0.4 mg SL
    Phentolamaine :1-5mg I.V

    In case of
    Ethanol ingestion
    1g/kg
    Or co-ingestant
    suspected

    AC , do not induce
    emesis

    Not routinely recommended

    Whole-bowel
    irrigation , cocainefilled candoms
    ingestion
    AC , very efficacious
    Each gm absorb 550g of
    drug

    Alkalinize with sodium


    bicarbonate
    1-2mEq/kg I.V push
    150mEq/kg in1liter D5W
    maintenace Haemodialysis
    vey effective

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