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Exercise 7 6 Problems

The document defines various logical connectives and rules of inference including De Morgan's theorems, commutation, transposition, material implication, equivalence, association, exportation, distribution, tautology, and double negation. It then provides 18 examples problems applying these rules to derive conclusions from given premises.

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api-196193978
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
826 views

Exercise 7 6 Problems

The document defines various logical connectives and rules of inference including De Morgan's theorems, commutation, transposition, material implication, equivalence, association, exportation, distribution, tautology, and double negation. It then provides 18 examples problems applying these rules to derive conclusions from given premises.

Uploaded by

api-196193978
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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De Morgans Theorems (DM): ~(p q) (~p v ~q)

~(p v q) (~p ~q)


Commutation( Com): (p v q) (q v p)
(p q) (q p)

Transposition (Trans): (p q) (~q ~p)


Material Implication (Impl) : (p q) (~p v q)
Material Equivalence (Equiv): (p q) [(p q) (q p)]
(p q) [(p q) v (~p ~q)]

Association (Assoc): [p v (q v r)] [(p v q) v r]


[p (q r)] [(p q) r]

Exportation (Exp): [(p q) r] [p (q r)]

Distribution (Dist): [p (q v r)] [(p q) v (p r)]


[p v (q r)] [(p v q) (p v r)]

Tautology (Taut): p (p v p)
p (p p)

Double Negation (DN): p ~~p

Exercise 7.6
Part I
(1)
1. (S T) S

/ S

(2)
1. (K K) R
2. (R M) N

/N

De Morgans Theorems (DM): ~(p q) (~p v ~q)


~(p v q) (~p ~q)
Commutation( Com): (p v q) (q v p)
(p q) (q p)

Transposition (Trans): (p q) (~q ~p)


Material Implication (Impl) : (p q) (~p v q)
Material Equivalence (Equiv): (p q) [(p q) (q p)]
(p q) [(p q) v (~p ~q)]

Association (Assoc): [p v (q v r)] [(p v q) v r]


[p (q r)] [(p q) r]

Exportation (Exp): [(p q) r] [p (q r)]

Distribution (Dist): [p (q v r)] [(p q) v (p r)]


[p v (q r)] [(p v q) (p v r)]

Tautology (Taut): p (p v p)
p (p p)

Double Negation (DN): p ~~p

(3)
1. (C D) E
2. (D E) F

/ (C D) F

(4)
1. H (L K)
2. L (K L)

/ H L

De Morgans Theorems (DM): ~(p q) (~p v ~q)


~(p v q) (~p ~q)
Commutation( Com): (p v q) (q v p)
(p q) (q p)

Transposition (Trans): (p q) (~q ~p)


Material Implication (Impl) : (p q) (~p v q)
Material Equivalence (Equiv): (p q) [(p q) (q p)]
(p q) [(p q) v (~p ~q)]

Association (Assoc): [p v (q v r)] [(p v q) v r]


[p (q r)] [(p q) r]

Exportation (Exp): [(p q) r] [p (q r)]

Distribution (Dist): [p (q v r)] [(p q) v (p r)]


[p v (q r)] [(p v q) (p v r)]

Tautology (Taut): p (p v p)
p (p p)

Double Negation (DN): p ~~p

(5)
1. S (T U)
2. U (T R)
3. (S U) R

/ S U

(6)
1. A (B C)
2. D C

/D A

De Morgans Theorems (DM): ~(p q) (~p v ~q)


~(p v q) (~p ~q)
Commutation( Com): (p v q) (q v p)
(p q) (q p)

Transposition (Trans): (p q) (~q ~p)


Material Implication (Impl) : (p q) (~p v q)
Material Equivalence (Equiv): (p q) [(p q) (q p)]
(p q) [(p q) v (~p ~q)]

Association (Assoc): [p v (q v r)] [(p v q) v r]


[p (q r)] [(p q) r]

Exportation (Exp): [(p q) r] [p (q r)]

Distribution (Dist): [p (q v r)] [(p q) v (p r)]


[p v (q r)] [(p v q) (p v r)]

Tautology (Taut): p (p v p)
p (p p)

Double Negation (DN): p ~~p

(7)
1. (E F) (C D)
2. (D G) H
3. E G

/H

(8)
1. M (N O)
2. N P
3. O P

/M

De Morgans Theorems (DM): ~(p q) (~p v ~q)


~(p v q) (~p ~q)
Commutation( Com): (p v q) (q v p)
(p q) (q p)

Transposition (Trans): (p q) (~q ~p)


Material Implication (Impl) : (p q) (~p v q)
Material Equivalence (Equiv): (p q) [(p q) (q p)]
(p q) [(p q) v (~p ~q)]

Association (Assoc): [p v (q v r)] [(p v q) v r]


[p (q r)] [(p q) r]

Exportation (Exp): [(p q) r] [p (q r)]

Distribution (Dist): [p (q v r)] [(p q) v (p r)]


[p v (q r)] [(p v q) (p v r)]

Tautology (Taut): p (p v p)
p (p p)

Double Negation (DN): p ~~p

(9)
1. (R S) T
2. (P Q) T
3. R P

(10)
1. K
/T

/ S (T S)

De Morgans Theorems (DM): ~(p q) (~p v ~q)


~(p v q) (~p ~q)
Commutation( Com): (p v q) (q v p)
(p q) (q p)

Transposition (Trans): (p q) (~q ~p)


Material Implication (Impl) : (p q) (~p v q)
Material Equivalence (Equiv): (p q) [(p q) (q p)]
(p q) [(p q) v (~p ~q)]

Association (Assoc): [p v (q v r)] [(p v q) v r]


[p (q r)] [(p q) r]

Exportation (Exp): [(p q) r] [p (q r)]

Distribution (Dist): [p (q v r)] [(p q) v (p r)]


[p v (q r)] [(p v q) (p v r)]

Tautology (Taut): p (p v p)
p (p p)

Double Negation (DN): p ~~p

(11)
1. (A B) C
2. (A D) E

/C E

(12)
1. (K L) (M N)
2. (N O) (P K)

/ K

De Morgans Theorems (DM): ~(p q) (~p v ~q)


~(p v q) (~p ~q)
Commutation( Com): (p v q) (q v p)
(p q) (q p)

Transposition (Trans): (p q) (~q ~p)


Material Implication (Impl) : (p q) (~p v q)
Material Equivalence (Equiv): (p q) [(p q) (q p)]
(p q) [(p q) v (~p ~q)]

Association (Assoc): [p v (q v r)] [(p v q) v r]


[p (q r)] [(p q) r]

Exportation (Exp): [(p q) r] [p (q r)]

Distribution (Dist): [p (q v r)] [(p q) v (p r)]


[p v (q r)] [(p v q) (p v r)]

Tautology (Taut): p (p v p)
p (p p)

Double Negation (DN): p ~~p

(13)
1. [C (D C)] E

/E

(14)
1. F

/ (G H) (G J)

De Morgans Theorems (DM): ~(p q) (~p v ~q)


~(p v q) (~p ~q)

Transposition (Trans): (p q) (~q ~p)


Material Implication (Impl) : (p q) (~p v q)

Commutation( Com): (p v q) (q v p)
(p q) (q p)

Material Equivalence (Equiv): (p q) [(p q) (q p)]


(p q) [(p q) v (~p ~q)]

Association (Assoc): [p v (q v r)] [(p v q) v r]


[p (q r)] [(p q) r]

Exportation (Exp): [(p q) r] [p (q r)]

Distribution (Dist): [p (q v r)] [(p q) v (p r)]


[p v (q r)] [(p v q) (p v r)]

Tautology (Taut): p (p v p)
p (p p)

Double Negation (DN): p ~~p

(15)
1. B (K M)
2. (B M) (P P)

/ B

(16)
1. (N O) (C D)
2. (D K) (P C)
3. (P G) (N D)

/ N

De Morgans Theorems (DM): ~(p q) (~p v ~q)


~(p v q) (~p ~q)
Commutation( Com): (p v q) (q v p)
(p q) (q p)

Transposition (Trans): (p q) (~q ~p)


Material Implication (Impl) : (p q) (~p v q)
Material Equivalence (Equiv): (p q) [(p q) (q p)]
(p q) [(p q) v (~p ~q)]

Association (Assoc): [p v (q v r)] [(p v q) v r]


[p (q r)] [(p q) r]

Exportation (Exp): [(p q) r] [p (q r)]

Distribution (Dist): [p (q v r)] [(p q) v (p r)]


[p v (q r)] [(p v q) (p v r)]

Tautology (Taut): p (p v p)
p (p p)

Double Negation (DN): p ~~p

(17)
1. (R S) (G H)
2. R S
3. H G

/RH

De Morgans Theorems (DM): ~(p q) (~p v ~q)


~(p v q) (~p ~q)
Commutation( Com): (p v q) (q v p)
(p q) (q p)

Transposition (Trans): (p q) (~q ~p)


Material Implication (Impl) : (p q) (~p v q)
Material Equivalence (Equiv): (p q) [(p q) (q p)]
(p q) [(p q) v (~p ~q)]

Association (Assoc): [p v (q v r)] [(p v q) v r]


[p (q r)] [(p q) r]

Exportation (Exp): [(p q) r] [p (q r)]

Distribution (Dist): [p (q v r)] [(p q) v (p r)]


[p v (q r)] [(p v q) (p v r)]

Tautology (Taut): p (p v p)
p (p p)

Double Negation (DN): p ~~p

(18)
1. K [(M N) (P Q)]
2. L [(Q R) (S N)]

/ (K L) N

De Morgans Theorems (DM): ~(p q) (~p v ~q)


~(p v q) (~p ~q)

Transposition (Trans): (p q) (~q ~p)


Material Implication (Impl) : (p q) (~p v q)

Commutation( Com): (p v q) (q v p)
(p q) (q p)

Material Equivalence (Equiv): (p q) [(p q) (q p)]


(p q) [(p q) v (~p ~q)]

Association (Assoc): [p v (q v r)] [(p v q) v r]


[p (q r)] [(p q) r]

Exportation (Exp): [(p q) r] [p (q r)]

Distribution (Dist): [p (q v r)] [(p q) v (p r)]


[p v (q r)] [(p v q) (p v r)]

Tautology (Taut): p (p v p)
p (p p)

Double Negation (DN): p ~~p

(19)
1. A [(N N) (S T)]
2. T (F F)

/A S

De Morgans Theorems (DM): ~(p q) (~p v ~q)


~(p v q) (~p ~q)
Commutation( Com): (p v q) (q v p)
(p q) (q p)

Transposition (Trans): (p q) (~q ~p)


Material Implication (Impl) : (p q) (~p v q)
Material Equivalence (Equiv): (p q) [(p q) (q p)]
(p q) [(p q) v (~p ~q)]

Association (Assoc): [p v (q v r)] [(p v q) v r]


[p (q r)] [(p q) r]

Exportation (Exp): [(p q) r] [p (q r)]

Distribution (Dist): [p (q v r)] [(p q) v (p r)]


[p v (q r)] [(p v q) (p v r)]

Tautology (Taut): p (p v p)
p (p p)

Double Negation (DN): p ~~p

(20)
1. F [(C C) G]
2. G {[H (E H)] (K K)}

/ F

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