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    Present Perfect

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    api-296199660
    The document discusses the present perfect and present perfect continuous tenses in English. It provides examples of how each is used: - The present perfect (has/have + past participle) describes actions that began in the past and continue to the present or recent actions with relevance to the present. - The present perfect continuous (has/have been + -ing verb) describes recent actions with relevance to the present or ongoing actions that began in the past and continue. It also provides the affirmative, negative, and interrogative forms of each as well as common time expressions used with each tense.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Present Perfect

    Uploaded by

    api-296199660
    124 views2 pages
    The document discusses the present perfect and present perfect continuous tenses in English. It provides examples of how each is used: - The present perfect (has/have + past participle) describes actions that began in the past and continue to the present or recent actions with relevance to the present. - The present perfect continuous (has/have been + -ing verb) describes recent actions with relevance to the present or ongoing actions that began in the past and continue. It also provides the affirmative, negative, and interrogative forms of each as well as common time expressions used with each tense.

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    present perfect

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    The document discusses the present perfect and present perfect continuous tenses in English. It provides examples of how each is used: - The present perfect (has/have + past participle) describes actions that began in the past and continue to the present or recent actions with relevance to the present. - The present perfect continuous (has/have been + -ing verb) describes recent actions with relevance to the present or ongoing actions that began in the past and continue. It also provides the affirmative, negative, and interrogative forms of each as well as common time expressions used with each tense.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    124 views2 pages

    Present Perfect

    Uploaded by

    api-296199660
    The document discusses the present perfect and present perfect continuous tenses in English. It provides examples of how each is used: - The present perfect (has/have + past participle) describes actions that began in the past and continue to the present or recent actions with relevance to the present. - The present perfect continuous (has/have been + -ing verb) describes recent actions with relevance to the present or ongoing actions that began in the past and continue. It also provides the affirmative, negative, and interrogative forms of each as well as common time expressions used with each tense.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    Present Perfect

    We use the Present Perfect to:


    - describe actions which started in the past and continue to the present, with results in the
    present.(
    )
    Ex: I have eaten eggs for breakfast since I was a child. Wheres the key? I dont know. Ive lost it. (I havent got it
    now.)

    talk about a recent action.( )

    Expressions used:

    Ex: The road is closed. There has been an accident.

    ever ()

    Still () - negative sentences


    (between the subject and the auxiliary verb)

    just ()

    Yet () - negative and interrogative sentences


    (at the end of the sentence)

    already ()

    Already () - affirmative and interrogative sentences

    yet ()

    since ()
    this

    (between the auxiliary verb and the main verb)

    For - + a period of time ()

    never

    Since - + a point in time ()

    still

    for( )

    To form the affirmative, negative and interrogative forms we use the auxiliary To have, in the
    Simple Present, and the past participle (3rd column (irregular verbs) or ed (regular verbs)):
    Affirmative

    Negative

    Interrogative

    subject + auxiliary + main verb subject + auxiliary (neg) + main verb auxiliary verb + subj. + main verb ?
    (has/have) (p.p.)
    (has/have not) (p.p.)
    (has/have)
    (p.p.)
    I have worked
    You have worked
    He / She / It has worked
    We have worked
    You have worked
    They have worked

    I haven't worked
    You haven't worked
    He / She / It hasn't worked
    We haven't worked
    You haven't worked
    They haven't worked

    Have I worked?
    Have you worked?
    Has he / she / it worked?
    Have we worked?
    Have you worked?
    Have they worked?

    Present Perfect Continuous


    We use the Present Perfect Continuous to:
    - describe an action which ended recently, with a close relation to the present time;(
    )
    Ex: Youre out of breath. Have you been running? (you are out of breath now)
    - Is it raining? - No, but the ground is wet. It has been raining.

    describe actions which started in the past and are still happening.(
    )
    Ex: Where have you been? I have been looking for you for an hour.
    It is raining now. It began raining two hours ago and it is still raining. It has been raining for two hours.

    The Present Perfect Continuous is usually used with for and since to describe repeated actions, expressing anger or
    criticism.
    Since()
    For ()
    two hours
    a week
    8 oclock
    1977
    20 minutes
    50 years
    Monday
    Christmas
    five days
    a long time
    12 May
    lunchtime
    six months
    ages
    April
    he was at school

    To form the affirmative, negative and interrogative forms we use the auxiliary To have, in the
    Simple Present, plus the past participle of the verb To be (been) and the main verb in the gerund (ing):
    Affirmative

    Negative

    Interrogative

    subject + auxiliary + been + main verb


    (has/have) (p.p. to be) (ing)

    Subj. + auxiliary in the neg.+ been + main


    verb
    (hasnt/havent) (p.p. to be) (ing)

    auxiliary verb + subj.+ been + main verb?


    (has/have)
    (p.p. to be) (ing)

    I have been working


    You have been working
    He / She / It has been working
    We have been working
    You have been working
    They have been working

    I haven't been working


    You haven't been working
    He / She / It hasn't been working
    We haven't been working
    You haven't been working
    They haven't been working

    Have I been working?


    Have you been working?
    Has he / she / it been working?
    Have we been working?
    Have you been working?
    Have they been working?

    Has Painted is the present perfect simple.


    The action is finished. We are interested in the result of the action, not in the action itself.
    Ex: The ceiling was white. Now it is blue. Ann has painted the ceiling.
    Has been painting is the present perfect continuous.
    We are interested in the action. It doesnt matter if the action was finished or not, but it is usually unfinished.
    Ex: Anns clothes are covered in paint. She has been painting the ceiling.

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