coLeR.

...'

B.l.O.S.FINAL REPORTNo. |043.

ITEMNo. 31.

r ^[t

coPYN".3$fi
cotffrDEN+*qJ.

, I

lf'l AcccP'DANci
uNct-ASSiFiiD
'iilt iri/rr::;-r.
wtrH
TrL(G)

THB INVBI{TION
OF HANS COLBR,
RBLATING TO .lAN ALLEGBD NEW
SOURCE OF POWER.

.t;
This report is issuedwith the warningthat, if the subjectmatter shouldbe protected
by British Patents or Patent applications, this publication cannot be held to give
any
protection against action for infrid0ment.

ffi

BRITISH INTELLIGENCE OBJECTTVES SUB.COMMITTEE

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,(l

ooxDpElmln&

Ngr ggunfE S. POm,

Rqnrtod, by B. f,rrrt,

lL of S.

BfOS Targct ltrmber: CSL/4799.

ERITTSH IMnr.T.r(:E{rE OB]ESIWES Stts-4Q&EtttIE,

J2, Brlranston Sguanro, Iond.on" t.I.

.-.!
<

u$E

qF cot\ffnMs
hgs

I.

ObJeot of Vieit

II.

Histod.o&l

2.
ji.

+
.i

III.

Notog

[he rlMagnotstmapparatr . . . .. c.
lhg tstrrocraougern... r... .....

1.
i,

,,i

ancl Srlrqary .....r.o..

I
2

Rq>ora
I.

Intomogatloqr of H.Color.. . . ...

2.

Interrogatlon

of F.Moclersohrr...

3.

Constnrotlon and. $catJng of

the nl[agnotatrcoaplnrati...
. . ..

'i,
' 1,.

,{
I

a]
i;

,i

IV.

Conolwlongoo

or.....

r......o..

o. or. r o.

'a
a

ATPEI{DIfl,FS
Atrrpcndt* I

rI
III

DetaiLs of Stnmorzcuggr. o... r....

Roport by h.ofossor n oss. ... . . r..

Report by hofossor

Sohwmln... ...

Boport by Dr. lbotrlLoh and Coler

to O.ILM......o.....r.o............

15

Retrnrt by Color on Frctrllohrs

nlperi-nont........................r

Figuroe I - 4

Porgorunel of Tean
R. Hurst,
lfinietry
of Supp\y
Captaln R.Sandberg, Norveglan Afiry

20

2g

Xoo

lbo Invullon

o_f Hans Co1or rcI@.-gp

*aa

I.
color 1c tbo invqrtor of tro d.crioec by rhich
lt ig
q116gcd crcctrioal
cnerE/ nagr bo clorirrcd. wlthout a ob-r,r oal"
or mootranloal souroc of pour.
Sinoc an of*Loial interof,t
ras tekon h E:.invontl,ona
blr tbo Gema'"qdai.r&lty it ra"o
fcJ.t that inrraatlgation
vas wa.rc,rantcd, alth;ugb nomal[r
lt
loultl be congitlorcd th&t suoh a sra{r,'ssurd oty uc
frarrdulont.
looord5:rg\r Color ra.s vlsitod. anct i-ntcrrogatcd..
Hc
proncl to bc qe-qpcrati.ve and rlIllng
to ctiscrisc o'rl dctoilr
of htl.d,eviooc, ancl oonscnted to bulld .g, *a p,.t
fr,to
qloretJ,on a .-e'11 uoctel of .tho rs-sett 6t' ruognitetrcnagnreti
ust-ng u.toria,l
sr4rpttecl to hLn by rrs, ana rcii;rg
oD.l'rio
our p!\aaonoc.
mth this d.ovloo, oonsiatlxg on\y of
pemancnt oagneto, oqpper oolla, a'd. oond.er,gure
ln a gtatio
arzangcmt
bc shorecl that hc oou].d. obtaln a tonsl0n of
450
rdllivorts
for a period. of gomctrotrre:
and. rn a rcpeti,ti.on
of the eryerirent
tho ncr* d.qy 5o nilL'troltr
ra.s rsoortod.
fo:
shorb
prtq.
fho apparatus bas boo brcught baok
1
ard. ie now being further invostigatcd.
corer also disousgcd another d.vroc oarlcd. the ,rstnnep
zcugorn, fuon rchioh hs oLalrud that rrth an Luput of
a for
from a clr5rbattory en output of 5 Hronitc
oour.d.bo
Tlt:
obtalncd' indcflnltory.
No "oc^foto of tbi.s apparatua od.ets
todalr, b't coler
to-ionatruot
it,
!:ipnoosed brs riul,'gnoac
glvu tho natcr{.ala,
thc tirc .:ncqulr"d ucrng ebout tbrco
uaokg.
rac takcn to r'terrogato
Dr. F. uod.ersohn
. - Qportrialty
nho bad boon ascooiated, ldth coler roi ten yi*a
and hail,
prorlttcd' f,lnanola-l bao]dng.
Ho oorroboratld. corerrs atory
ln ovcry d.etoil.
Neltbor color nor uod.crsohn rene ablc to glvo arryr thoory
to aooornt for tho worling of tboee dovrocs, Grrrg aotopt*ro
soientifio
notionc.

HtrTTqRTC.AI.
NOIEST
1.

The nilamotstrvnapparatn
This dvioo oonclsts

of 8ix poraancrrt nsgnets romd

-1-

,t

i
in a opooial rrqy so that the olm*it
lnorrrd,es thc
nagnet Ltgelf as wei.l as tbe wlncling, (S"u fig.l-j.
Those c,* n'grot-oollg
arc atrangca il'a trocaion

osrurootd.
a.eshomr
(Frg". 2
+" !E <Uagran
ln e oirs*lt
rrhtoh inor.d,os
.r*r

ana

r,

"r;
tfo
I oondensers,
a
p"i" of soLonotaaul ooLic, ;"
g
;ij.dtu
11::lr^:id_:,
lnat.o
t''o othr..
To bring the cl,ovioi fnto o;rcration
tbe sritoh ic lofb emr
the nagnots are ,oou,a'
srightry
sln{r
ard th6- s}Lctlng ooll set into varrous
posltl.ons, ylth a ratt of soveial. rninutos
botreeo
ad.Juotncnts.
The megncts are tUenlep"raiJ'-"tiff
further, anct the. ooilg.novod agai''.
ihi;;;;ese
Lr
repeated untIl et a or:ltlca1 aeparatlon of
--g."-urit"u
ttro ruagnets
an haioetlon
agpeare on the voitpotir.
nw
orosed.,
l:
T+ tl! prtoedure oontinuod, no:re al.or\r.
lhe tengion tLerr-b*1-d"_p.g"4,,.ffy
to a-narfunuq ana
shoulcl thon rernein tnaeftfie\y.
h" g""t"si
tongfon
obtairrod, was statett to be 12 vLlts.

I
I

tt{agnotetronaplnratn
wa.ed.evelsped by Color
_ Ttro
von t4rutr_(now_doad,) oarly Ln L%3: -*a
t'fr* ,o"u
31f
rarr assistod by Franz Hald, of sioeni-sobuce*,
who
bLdlt hirnsslf a nod.l wtrich workod. ln Dooe-h
er L9ii.
*."r- aeon_by Dr. Kurt
.Mio of Berlin feonrlsofro
IH."
ttoohsotrtrre and Herr Fehr (Haberrs assistant
K.i{.T: )f
"t-tt" rorrceq
I1.o rq>orted that the aovte-app"rcitly
-cro
ancl that thay oo'r.d clc'teot no fra'd..
noaol fu
said' to have worked' for J rcnths rookod, in a roou r'
the llorrregian Legation Ln Berli-n Ln ]:9r5.
No firrthor
nork appnars to havo been done on th1;- systom glloc
that dlato.

i(
2.

I'he nstrmerzeu.qerl
Thie dvioe oonsists of an arrangenent of nagneta,
flat coils, and ggppr platee, with a-pninary olrouit
enerigieed. by a sma].l
ttri output ftm
9ry battery.
the seoond.ary was used.
to light a bank of l'alpa and.
was olai.ned. to be roany ti.mes tho originar :,npirt, ancl to
oontinue indefinito\r.
Details of ihe cirouit,
and.
a thoory as to its roocleof q>eration
wore glrren
(surnnarizetl in Appenclix I).
In L925 Coler showed a snn}l (fO-watt) version to
hof. Ioose (Berl:ln), rfro askecl the Governlnont to glvo
it a thorough investigation,
but this was refused, as
was also a patent, on the groturd.s that it waa a
rrperpetnal rrction nrachlnotr.
lbls version was also

-2-

Eosn by
SohSngnn.(nuniotr), Brragetad(fronOfro:irn)
T:ti: (Cqronbalon).
and loru,t'.en
n"pilts
b! t0oes add,
soturnann aro tranglated.- in rBpln<Lio"u tt and. rrr,
In L9t, CoLer anct vrn ttrrn$ nailo rp a oligltly
larger nodol rlth an orrtprrt of TO watta'. Irhlc
,a.s
derrcnstratecr to Dr. F. It6dsrsohn, r*ro out"u"a
fto
sohmarrr and, iooge oonffumtton
or thir toats tn igz6.
ldotlersohn tbon oonscntorr to baok thc invention,
and
forucd. a ooqpanJr(Cotor G.m.b.h. to oontinuc tbc
)
claveloprnont.
At-thc gano tLre 6. fvomelfan
-ana gr,orry hail
bocn glvlag- f,lnanoial Eqppor+ to Col.er,
tUcac trc
grcqp' ola'shod'.
Mod.sraohnrs oonnoctton wlth Rhcrnmota'll Boralg, and. bcnoo rrrttr thc of*roiar Hcnnann
Goerc'ng oo1!1nc ga\rp h{n en advarrtage in thls.
corer
then in 1957 bullt for the Coropanyi larg"r veraion
wlth an output of glx ]ctlorattl.
In I9t+J Moclergohn brougffi thc ttevloo to thc
attention of tbe Resoaroh Dapartocnt of the o.K.lL
rho inveetigatlon
rms praood. uctlor the dircotlon of
Oberbaurat Seysen, nbo gont Dr. H. trbolloh to nork
rlth Color froro L.L. Lj to 20.9.Lj.
Frphllob vas
conrrrnoed' of the rearity of the phanornara, and act
about inveatigating
tha fwrdanen-tals of t6e d.errroe.
Iia apparont\r oonoentratocl on a etuiSr of tho onerggl
ohanges rhl"oh ooour on tho qlernJ'g aird. orosing oa
ind.uotivo olrcults.
At tht erra or the porlocl hc raa
traneferrod. to B.}L]M. to rcrk on aeruqynid.o probrons
and ls now rvorldlg in Nosoolr.
In 19Ur. a oontraot was a:rangod, by the O.K.U. with
contlnontaL rletalr A.G. for nrth6r
ao-veropnont, but
this was nevor oanied, out owing to tho st-ato oi tuo
oourtry.
In 1945 tho apparatus was clestroyocl by a
bomb, ln Iblborg, rtrlther corer had. ovaouatcd,
$rnoo
that tfune Coler had &-en eccployed, amctlmes a.s an
engirneer and. gomotlmes ae a Labourer.
Mod.ereobnhad
govered. his oonnoctlon rrlth RlroinmotaLl Borslg,
of
rhl.oh ho hact beon a dlreotor,
and. wag rorlcing ior tho
Russian authorities as a oqrsultant in ctrenioal
onginoering.
III

REP(RT
L.

Interrogation

of Color

Coler was gueetlonecl first

about the hj.story of hJ,a

-r-

i
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t.t)

inventtons,

nbon tbe d.ottuils above *ero givm.

Ho rvas thon quostlonod about tho tbeory of.thc

d,oviooa, but bo vas $abLe to give any oohorent
suggootiona as to tbo moohan1en. Ho atatecl tbat
bls rescanbea (agn:rcnt\r
oonelrrotod.rttb orrrda
atrrparatus) into tbo naturc of nagnetl,sm bad, 1.s6il h{n
to oonolud.o tbat fer.ro-nagrotigo ilas arr ggs{ttgllng
pbmmeaon, of frequenotrr about I8O ldJ.obortg.
Ibb
orolllaticr
took plaoo ln thc Dagncrtl.o oiroul,t of tba
agparatus, and incluoecl ln tho eleotrCoal olmrlt
qgsi'llstims
the ftoquenoy rvtr.iob of ooureo cl.opad.ccl
on tbo vaLLrcs of ths oqroncnts uled..
Tbeca tro
phanonma tnteraoted,
and. gradualty built rp tbo
tenslm.
Ls tho moobanl,s raa not undntooaf tb
prcpcr..anrangeurnt oou'td not bo vorkecl out, but b^ad
been arirbcl
at by exper{.nent, and. tho alr$rratus traa
to bo bnought lnto ad.Justnent by eluilar
trfa,f and
crror mothod.g. Col,er stated that tbo strengtb of thc
nagnetc <lJd tgot doonoase during usc of tbe apparatus;
and. a.ggeatctl that ho rras tapping a ncr sort of anergr
hltherto
unlmon, - IRaruenerglcn (Spaoo.anorgr).
Color gay a resuoo of tho work donJby Dr. nolffoU
fcr tbe O.K.U., ancl produoett a oqry of Frobllohrr
report, writton Joiltly
rlth. hLugclf (t:nnalaticl
neprsciuood. as Appencl,lx IV) and a rqnrt
of hla crrr
(part of rhlob is glvon ln Appnd.ix V).

Color was nert askod. lf he woulcl omscnt to

build models of tbeeo d.evloos Lf matsrial rag rnada
availablo.
Itre agreed. that be ooultt do tbJ.e, ancl
gtatod, that it *ould tako qro week'to oonrtnrot a
nMagnetctrompparatn, and. a
nouth to omatnrst a
trStromorzoqgorrr.
Aooor{ingly re sr4rp}[cd, thc nagncta,
oondongora and ootrrper vlre neeilod. for the fomcr, ancL
Color Eiqooodod. to brrtLd an aFparatus as ;tlgouasod, l.rr
Soctlqr J.
A list of matcrial roquirod. for tho
rrStromzcugorr
w.s d.rawn ry \r Coler.

2.

IntomogatioL

of Dr. F. Mod.ersotur

ldotlereohn ras questlonod. about tho history of

thoee d.ovioos, rlth rfo.loh he had boen oonoerned.
finanolally,
ud ooncoborateal tho d.oto{lg given by Col.er.
He stated. that he had at first
cligbellcved. Colerts olai,ms,
but bad taken gr=at prcoantionc to oli.uinato ftaud.
Ilc
had seen thc 70 rvatt nstromorougorn nor:king on a number
of oooasions, and. had takerr it rfi1le rcrking fuom ono
{F

L _.- . ....-.1

room to another.
&11 parts were vigible and nothing
lwrs hidd.eno As he nas hfunsolf not r;)rt ho hacl
trd.od.
to.get experts to exanine it thonougE', btrt rcputabLo
soiontists oither rofusd. to have anybling to ai wittr
it at all, or else w're more concorrrod. to ftnrl
a ftaud.
tttan to see hon it workocl.
Ttre a:coeption was Dr.
Frotrliohr-wtro wag oonrri-noed.of tho
of-the effect,
ancl rvho also berieved. that tbe o:orst""-"rity
was to be founcl
in_an ana-lysie of the cncrry changee 1n the special
i:rcluctive circuit
uged.
ue rraa n"ao e:g"riricnts
to
test-hls
id9a1, but Nod.orsohn clsrled. toroifuAgs of the
resdts.
Modereohn was ertnomoly nethod.io"f,
ehored' his f,iJ-eg on the subject:
"rrd.copiea
theso oontainetl
of all Lotters and' retrnrts conoenuirg tho d,ewioo, slnco

Lgtt.
3.

:
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d

ii
:f

u;

,it
F
&

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J{

ft

our_ pr:sence
and with material
supplicit by rrs
,
+
(so'mo brought fro
&rgland. and. tho roet UotUUt folaffy)
Coler built
an apparatr.rs as glpwn in Fige.I,
2, sd J.
It is to be noted. that gonc rnagneta ane-wouna in a
olockwlse d.lrsction looking at the N pole (ce'l-red left)
and' othere in a^n anti-oroolcvise
(oarled;m1;.
d.irrclion
rlhe
ig*I
in".agrrets wrl solected. to be as near\r
stnengtb_ as fossible,
and the reslstanoo
of tbe magnotooll oornbination wa.s oheckod. after rinding
to see that
this also rlas unlfonr
(about .lJ ohn).
fhu ptyeioal
arrangerrrcnt nas as shown h pig. 2, h a breadboard.
otyloo
Mea.eurementg of voltage and. ourzont acroes
A-B wero oad.e with a Mavoretor.
A mectrarrioal ar-rarrgement of slid.ers and. cranke for soparatlng
the oagnotov<rly al} rourd. was nado r4l.

I
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h 1.7.16 experinonts ure boing continrred. afber

three d.ays of fndtLoss
adJusting,
ed ntren the mqgnetg
were at a ooparationgf
about 7 m. the flrst
lr-e]l
d,eflootlon
was noted. (about 9 a.n ).
The $ritob ras
and by slovr ad.justmsrt of tbe oliciing coi1, and.
_olosed.
by j,ncneaslng the soparation
of the nagnets to Jrrst.
over 8 utr, by 11 a.m. the tension wa8 ralsecl to-259t
nilllvolte
a^nd by 12.)O pemo it was 450 nillivroltso
This
was rlajntainect
for another J horrs r*rdr a golclerocl
tag beoarne dtscorurected,
and tho meter elowIy drog>ed.
back to zerc.
soJd.ering up tbc broken oorureotion cU.ct
not restore the tension.
Tho mngnets wro olosodl up
and Left overnight
ancl the ganc prooochre for f,lndlng
the ad.justrcnt was rgpeatod, on 2,7.1t5.
Afber aborS

I
!

I
I

t ;

-1.

-5'

dr:s-;:

throo bours a doflLoatlqr of 6O nttttvolta

ra.s obtalncct.
tblc vag mainto{nccl for non ttran }O nlnutcr, but tho,
deoneased to gero ;bcn furthor ad,Jurtnmtr rcrc trl,cd.

Durlng aL1 thls rork ths notlel raa oqictcly

9p@r
ancl nothlng oonld. bc htcldcn ln it.
f,hc brcadboarrl aad
motcr oourrl bc plokcd, qr and movcd nountl tbc rooor tutcd,
or turnod, rlthout effeot.
Tbo apparatug roulcl appoar to bc
aE a troootvor of brpadloaet ancr6r, or
tndhrctlm fro thc nalns (tho nearect
5 foot arvay), anct thc rosul,t nu.st for
rcgard.otl aa lnexgrlloablo.

rv.

too or.udr to aot u

to qlcrrto by
orbLc bd.ng at lcert
thc ncocnt bc

I
,
,

"\

coNcf,.,usloN3

1. It ras Judgcrl tbat 0ol,er rar an boncst c4perl,-rotcr end.

not a frau4 and. d,uc ncqpeot nuat bc plil to thc Jnngrrot of
Froblloh lD thc nattcr a"e alealuoetlfrm hlr rqrort to 8c5rlon.
2. The rcgult obtalned rar gcnrdnc ln ao far es oorrl<l bc
tostod rltb thc faollltlcc
availablc,
but no ettcqpt bas yct
bem rnad.oto f,lnct an cplalrtim
of tho phaonGtloDr
by en cTrert ln
1, ft ls fclt that furthcr lnvcrtlgetlon
olootroroagnotlo thoory ia rarrantcd" antl tbat Colcrrr offcr
to oonstnrot a nod.el of thc ilStrorcrscugorr
lbonld bc teksr
(

ttpo

4-

/ . ;

aIFElpI[

8us&!rv aocount of th!

l.

nStroprsougorn

Tbo baslo prinsrFLo La tbat an olootron ls to bc

rcgard.ocl not oalgr ea a nogatl'vcly ohaggod par*ioJ.e but
aLgo as a South nagnetlo polc.

Thc ba.to clocnt

ls that of an opn lcoordary
oinoult,
oapacity loaded, Lnduntivc\y cor4lod. to a priuary
oirotdt.
Sho nonaL foatr:re Ls thet tho oapaoLtl,cg arc
ooneotcd to ths rcoondany ooro ttrnowh porunant magaets.
as chf,n:-

E
I
I

!
!t
I

ts
I

(f)

c-) '\

II
I

frl

I
i
t

II

on tho prinary olrouLt,

It ls ql"aireal that, on sritohing
ircperatlon of ohargesil takee plaoo, i.o. lI1 bcoocs +
vely ohaSgccl ancl l{2 - ruly ohargecl., ancl that thclc dargcs
anc iuagnetioally
polarisod!
nbon they anc fomcd., odlg
to tbe prcseno of ths nagncts.
Ol grltohJng off the
prinary oi.rotdt a nrovorsing our:rentn florvg in the
Eooondarf,r, bS tbe nagnote ndo not orort a polarlsing
cffoot on thLs rorrorga"ln.

I
!

I
I
I

I
i
I

I
I
I

2'

arc nor plaoed togcther

8rp of those basio olwnte
naklng a <louble eysto or etagc rdth thc plrtos oloco
togother lrlr paraDol planeo as shor[r:-

I
i

i
I

I
I

!
I

'iuAr" s

- gui\T
:F,roL/

Iho scoonclarlr rC,nAfug! aro both crsotly ogttal and' rotncl

on thc pr{nary ooiJ.
ln a clirootlon lroh tbnt m gritohlng
flm
fira P1 to P2
oo11
tho
clootrons
scoonctery
the
Ln
Fa.
to
ard. 8I

-7-

l\,
lLl

, l
I

It is then stated th^at systqr F'f - FZ nersly has an

induai.g effoot, and tbe utofirl ourrent ooree lnto
eristsnoc i-n the systa h. - P2.

3.

A single stago oannot be effootive but two stagoe

oonneoted so that the nuders of effootlvo North and'
pnovitlo a ba^eio worki.ng
South poles a-ne ogua-l rill
iloro tlor:blo etagoo ocn tha bo acldcil
a:rangement.
to provicle hJ.g[er outpute.

lr.

It ls then stated thab as rcIl as ttre nolllal Glasbrons

ftowilg froro tbe battery and" frora lnduotion nhem tho
oiroult
is openecl or olosod ,rspace elootrpngil flov frs
nr-opelling spaoesn to nattraoting spaoegn botween tlre
a4r
plates, but this thoory I ras urable to follcr
furtber.

-8-

l\

APPfit'tDIx u

or tho 5rd of ,'^rch r havo

on_nquest inepooteil tho .glrarat'r
oqLstru{rrod' by c"ple
corof
ancr
r dd";;;
lts ofriol6urorl
hofes"o"-i"..R.
luuls regar.rllng
Frankc frm T.r"
tho Teorrrioar
collogc or norrin *r-il;;ni
these tests.
"t
Ttro alrparat*,
in its oonstnrotion droacly
known to me fuo a
provior.rs ilapoptloa, consists
of:
a double_rpr gysi@ of ooppersplates,
a cloubto_row eletm of fJ,at
spooJ.s, and.
a system of elootro-nagnets,

l
i

to rtroge oores a{v9r wrros

our:rontg of the plate-syeten "rl att"1h.d 9rd through nhioh branob
aro oond.uoted.. Fo" oaoh of
syeteue a three part a"o,rr,rraior.-taltory
the ttrrcc
-it"
oi g-*rts
ar.
5.5
horrrs oqxoity
autrrsre
ri p"*u"a.
pt^t;;i""Lt
tbo
qnor_l
olrouit
aru pararlor so that the tio
"r.a
u"tt""iJl
to oan also be.rrpranoct ty
thorc_
a arngr. u"ti"#]-"pporiaining
u,r" rag aso6rtainect

lffi*J[3?iff;1;

;(
:i

; srttottrg-lirtu' *;;";;;'i,n"

Whon a.gkctt Thy two battorios

wore u.sed.at e.lt, Captain CoLer
doorand' that for irt"-tr'g-ti"'pp.t
tus a doribro batterSr is
nooocsarJr to s{ a eeoqtd. ouargl:inpotrrs
after axoi,tlng ,tth thc
onc brttory,
and this for *i;Li"g-tr,
p..,iiar
otraraotor of thc
alparatus.
A tost nad.o tora:ds the rinish;-a
sorisg of tria_ls
oonfirmod, thle asscrtim
tn as-nuoh as ttie ,*h.nr*
oourci not bc
started. rith tho
ptlorf,
on tho oontrarXr tbo nadJustnpntn
:lq?
of the meoiranj.smgot-diet,rrUod".

5:
9i

.,(
(
i

ii:

*
'!

rl:
;l

I
q

'il
ri

fr
i
d
T

:t
d

f
s
i

T
*
{.

currcnt-lndioarors
are bulrt iato oaoh of tho threc
oirs'ltg
montioned', as vorl as y.rti6fira,
bchlna
sono
srrtob_resistanoog
nooosaaly for tho na{iurtmeltn.
Botrocn the opon oncls of tbe trp
p)ate ancl rpoor-systms
rhcro are the terntnar-braqlo
for thc
cffeotivc
oirouit for *hogo-io"air,g ttrrccJrrrbg
g
of
volts
a'
provicl'cd.
Tho ag>arntus ra.s tlon put
tnto
qr l
apiion
and.
66svs
the load' m's tost-ei -rtn-ttii"ia
or-ttruT,.ililrr,
lngtnrncnts,
that
ts on being roa{T
z i"qpJ, r.larups ancl nrnnlng 'lght.
yrtt'
Tberc.pon and bv moans of preoioio-o-ir,stn,ft
oior_rt
r..;i:',**
tno)
siaqra
a ihtsko ur. LeJgeo tt -"rrtouir,g-;;
i.nd.ioations of the built_r'
lnstn,'.nts
"wT- ooF-..ura
ry
;;" rentronecr pncoiaimlnctnesnt
in turn.
jtre
olnouits,
that
ts cttneot to the onc
Jo
tord'nal
"fu,"gr; ortor
ol"anp of thc t"tt.qrrl
t6
asoertain
-r.o,
tf porhaps
tb*wh
aay u]-oouroctiong *rin tu" batteriei,
oonsplouous
ono, Boro ourrent n'ght bc
at
rsosivod.-;il;h"'uur-rt-t,,
The tss*s shw.a a gurlfloinr oonforraitylnstnreents
:::.l-:tuo.
'.rthi,. tb.
ootrrcts of mea.sur.ing aoouraoy.

' i
I

9-

L
l;rJ

on also to tbc
srttohtd
Fin&Ily tho sarn lnstrr'mcrrt vas
diffcronocg d'ttl th'
cffeot oinouJ.t, wtreroby somo greater
ahorn; on tho other
ft'tt tbla oirooit *""
ingtnrrnotg butli
as to a'1'ter f\rnilarcntalJ'y
hsDd., troworrer, not auob aiffcrcnoos
the total regult ln an;r n;r'
tbe outlut ourrcnt
drethc
In ordcr to flnil out besidl'
overlapptng oonttnuou'a
rith a nvrc-oGront
night bo i.ilqrtioal
ourrcnt,thora^stoontnoltest.n'_r"p""toaby-rr.alrrgahotri.pL.Brn,n, Nr' 25lrl59'
firrrriehoat by n*, *k;;t*;"tttt'nt
Lngtr'rent
I n o a s o t h e r o r c u t . I h a i c b i e n " . - b o " o - o u t r aan tbiggor
a , t h o h oourrcut
tdrctban rrg
to inttioato
llatnrmcnt
realltSrt
In
'
lnstrumnt
"o,rri-rr."!-t"a
;;;;urqrt
shoffir ty the o
ra'c founA rtrm cryIqying
ourrcnt
salLer
horrevor, a con fhat
tY tbe fact
rur"- *i
tho hotwi"u-i:ruilfu"t'
"+l11{r1
Io tl-rer
sbout
is
":
:'netnugrt
if.tuo
that th jnner;;-t;;"u
go that
lnstrrrnant,
tt" oi-tinl*-ou*errt
groater than thai-oi
the l-oad of ths
;; ;L h"twire-ingtnrment
vihon sritohlng
bctresr J'08
tlifforonoe
tu"rur,"al---The
arrparatus
as
lnetnrmslt
"il*i..t ttt" aontlntrous4urrslt
auDerco*"", ",a,*oEitt
botrrlrc-lnstnslt
tf'"
o'E'erc. tt*tiili-*itt'
ooipar.ea y;ltb 2 ?95
tliverscr,ret
siren takj.ns into aooo'ut the
;;T;iil";=P-r^i;;a
ono oan Lnfer
thonofonc
of the trc inatntre"t-nosictanooa'
no baw to doa'' Tltb
tL foaa-oiroult
ffon this te"t'iilni--U
roal contiluous ctllTent'
ooryitd ln the annexed' tabre'
fhe r.es*lts of the teetg arc
the oonsumctj'on of energr
The figurcs shorYvery woll that
tu.n the ane-rgr taken fuon
rr g*ltu"
-aoooraing
trr the ortornal oir^ouit
protlr'rcod by captaln
to itru oi'ottit,
the batterieg.I oourd not ohock in all'
coler, wtriotr wlttljrl ttrrs ihort-tltu
is fed by a speoior
oi*uit
its parts, tb nagnet-exoilig
other trc oirouits'
tho
oocpletely ssparateo
battery,
ancl ocrrstryrtion
offioionor
of
Conseguantff, a dirsot. ootp"rfu*
ourrart of the
tt"t on\r the lYt;f
of tbe apparat;
After tbo
wourd ootstt.
"'ottrc-*;
-*''
olate oir.cult ;d';ilh"
].oa,tl of
a
arrct on
"po"io:."ouitr""to,*"t.
osti.Ba-.besw:ith ry
istablighed
rnantionect
tno
rrotn the
;lldyg:;;:lt
three bulbs, #;;;
tiDo tbo
sax0e
the
o_o.dg5 a{pfor
batteries of 0.215 + O.O?o
the-brdrt-jn
to
fo::l*o".' r.z^6;;;
three b'rbs #;;"d
too_m'ch a8 waa provoc
urq,Lro
#JJl-i"
.o.2'
instn'entu,
so that the rel
"l.i.ttti"-Lsti.umerrt,
oi
by
Iater on
at a tension of abor$ 2'J
"";;;;ratout 3'5-"ryt"u
oorrsuxq)tion u"ii'to
voIt.
this
frorn the two batteriea in
The reception of culrent
oaseoonguq.-.,,trywasl.Twattrrnrrretheoonsrrqttionoftbo
-10-

t:

btrlbg auountcd. to about 8 ratt.

Eopeolarlgr strlklag
rn
tb'i.g oorneotion ls the ooneldsrably irrghor lurrent-powcr
in
th bulb-oirouit
boing about 12 tlinee iieg""
than the orrnrqrt
oomlng fuo tho.two batteries.
we havo a-Lgo abgoLuto\r nad.e sure that fron tho battorr.ee
no other oond,usbors lecl to the apparatug th^an those
lnto whl"oh
qy lnstnrncnt rvas buiLt-ln.
md raat that an horoase of
powr frm the blttery
to the terd.nar ore',Fs of the effeotlvc
otmtdt
tn th6 pl,1te-sraton takes praoo, oo-,ua, indoetr, not fo
togtect on tho d.ifforent parts of tire apiaratu'oy
. aii...t
measuring of the porer itoelf,
beoaugJrdr. color d.eorared, that
r*Fn g*ltofi-ng on an l'strur';t
ia tho interior
of tbe syetan,
prcbably the nadjwtmentrr rould be d,isturbod..

r.

lt

rs

F
ft

r harc therefore teetecl the d.eorsaso of tonsion in tho

ainglo platos on a load. of thr$e larpe by moane of a p{rlinolt& Bra'n, wr.- t6[ir5,
in ondcr to got at
Soterr nake of fdy""
roaet ln an jldiroot
raJr an arpianation ror tto lloroago 6f
oument.
rhis exard.natlon ahowed a rqarkabre
inor.eage of
tension-loaaet
rith a distlnot
naJLi-ELDon tho thirrct-rast pJ.ate
of tho orle rotr.
Tbosc ostimates too aro ooryiJ.ed. in tho tabre
at'the end of thio juagneng.
Restrlts
The rosdt
of the inrreotigati.on shswcd an a'tqltshing
working of the arryaratus, rvhloh, wlthout firrther roeearchec
oannot 6s or'Iafued or oomparetl with tho ]rltherto lorowr
otraraoteristios.
Regarrling tho cause of ths obsenred. oharaoteristios,
oq)eoially
tho solum-of
the guostlon, nbore tbe energi ln
tbo aptrnratus originatos,
ng e?cplanatlon oan bo glven v;i.
aftor thc ehort ancl ei"Fle te-stg.
Sololy tbe oonjoture
otn t. exp:reseed.tbat the nagnetsyato ts the Bouroe of tho enrpe
ft therefore sena
cleslrable to orear ttri.s polnt by firrtbor thorough and eystenatio
corqh{ngtlsas.
For thle puq)oso the prcposition
of ilr. color
to oonetnrot a bigger apparatus b wry ionsible,
an apparatue,
lrlto whlch fum tho boglnnlng neasuring-inetnrreirte
should be
buj.lt irr the respootive parts of tbe gingre oiroults in'ordor
to cnable the ilad.Jr.r.stmontnof tho apparatus inoruding thoeo
lnstrurrnts.
A judpent

for the possible

utillgatlop

of tho phanomena,

-11-

i '-I
l r

|'

a
in tbe atrry>aratuo, JYon the oconornj,oa-L point o{
obsewant
wiew, I an, of course, not able tO lnss on aftor these short
TLis question oould on\r be annuered afber gome
TdFs.
by nfuioh shoulcl be cstablished
longthened. antl por:nanont tests,
ill the
what prod.r:otj.veness the sourco of enerSr, eristent
if the magne'te, in oase they
wiJ.l shovr, espeoially
"Ip"r-rt*
wottld rear out after
ali tne supports of- thJ en6rgr-squrco
at ukrat e1gpense eaph tirne they ooulcl be
sorn timer-ira
rq>laced by now ones.
horrvever, it- appears important that the -part
.Above aI},
r'esponsibLe for
of thl opl.'aratus, being postlbry
o" prt"
out in a
be
takerr
phenonena, should.
the obseriid
"gJr
l,.
"r,-rii3.,g
exani.nation
an
to
as poesibLJ and bo strbnitted
a"
"i-op1y
aII &ireotions.
of
I wish to say that the results
Befor.e finishing\this,
wtrioh
for
Co1er
Captai-n
of
ctisposa.L
the tests ar-e put at the
reason I enclose a copy krer^orith.
I shouJ-d like to aokr howeverr the gontlernen in question
nottoruentionIlSr.nanoarrd'thatofhofessorFrankonor
d.irmlge the resui"ts of our teets rsrLilFout o$I rcFrgss' gonsent'
and above aIL not in the press.
or to rualce ttrem }grown publiolv

(sig,"a)

Dr, Ing. M. ICLoss

Prpfessor

-]-,2-

\l

rs

Results of Measuring
trparatus Co1er
Jrd. I{ar-ch. L9Z6
(

Test with
instnrnpnt
-tllrD.
brrilt-i;1

ld.o

le tutts

o.2r o.5

.16

j.d.om

6.1+
6.,
l+.7 0.O5 l+.t

ll tufUs

0.21 0.5

.22

t+.Oo.a75 t.t+5 5 . 7

o.21 0.5

J.I

Volt

6.o
3.5
,.0

of the bdlt-ln

inetrurrpnte:

0f the battenr

.'j

i:,
'$

3.7

J.0

3.1+13.7

5.0

,,
j.

ft

;:

R
'&

'A

's
It

st
of the

E
&

.l[5
J,.

w:ith
bat

oi.ent
olroLu

F '
;;l

's.\
*
i{l
fr.
id
$.

Control

of the ilstlxnonts

built-tur

ffiJffizo
built-in

oirouit

&

J btrlbs

stdi.25ul5g

ffi6'eo

in the external

:-.o.
2.30

2.95

2 bulbs

.J.ls
3.15

built-in
I bu.lb
SCTI.42JB2O

h.l.
l+.45

Ii'ro;q the built-in

tension Ingler of the erbornal oircuit
estfurrations berow J votffiffiTEe
reacl arryr'oro
when
srightly
over J volt ttre instrurrent ind.icatea oorrect\r, when ovor
I volt, the indiclatj-on is soruawtut too }wr.

-Lt-

It

lt t t

Tho brrtlt-r.n ourqrt indloator

lnlntc somswtrattoo trigh.

of the ortornar oinc'rt

the oont*t-instnnmt
s.& H. tcSgzo ls a proolsim
oontinuous o**qrt-instnmnt
(ur[rvortmtor)
?o" o*t
anrl
telcioa moasuringe. rhe oontrpl instnrent-fi.- a
B.z\r]j5g
i;a hotyirc-instnmtrrt.

-14-

'

l?

4PFFpr[

IIr

C
-!1ry apparatug tn qucstlon pr{.noi1nl\r ooraiets of trc
parallcl
oonnootod,qpogl"r_1higi bdna Uicrf*fy
rorud. Ln a
apecial.rayr a'.'0
u*d
Taeletb;I\y
_rogcthcr.- 6c of tbcsc
r"
ooppor
sbontr
(ab;-"p.;i
is orrtcd, tbo
P:lt
39.""i1 9l
prarc spoor),
tho other oe of a nurnbcr oritutn pararlol,
oonr rcte4 isolatod,.4*"
spgol rl_naJag), nnnlag
p:-ral.ler sf rma'rr rntenaia_(oattcd-:
to the ir"tu".
Efi
epoole-oan bc
foil by sqparatc battoric-ei rt ie"st tro batter{,r"
nooossartrr
to put the spools to rq.lc.
"rc
\
f!1_ +ools are arrangcci ln trc helvcs cao\ aocord,Jagto

rinains. sqst{.
uf3'.*'ffiSTffittrffT
to tUc rtartrns
batt
erieg
arrr u'LEasBq,
;;#:bff
ECr lag para.ucr
oonngotod,
onds
o[nant-roooiyer!.
l*^lfpfar
vqvesr.rE,.r

BcsJ.des,

thc

lJltenooutlll0atl.qrr

arc connooted,
ar
con
b:!T""
pararrel rind.lngs of tbe tro ha-lvur of tho pr"t"-"p""i'
rtrloh ocrtain fuqr rod.c rith aiJ.vr" o*n"oii*..
Tbecc rcdr erc
nagndiaod. w
battorv ttr*rgh
p*ial
appJJ,cd,
rJa*d;
1
iiJr"a,
orclter rdacBngs).
aocordirg to thc statocat
of tbc inrrntor,
the proctuotton
of
prinoitrn$r
tal.ee
praoc
ln thoso ir.on rods, ancl tbc
l1orar
rlnding of the apools plays an essontial part ir it.
-0s far ." lt ras trnasibre r oonvrnood qTaerf of thc
oonforutty of the
oircuLt rrth tho neohanbn:,
Ths cxoiter
rrrr,iing ia cleotrioar\y
so"'Fletery u"I,"""i"a
from
thc other
' rndings,
rhloh rae provcd, lhqr. ttslrig
the apparatus rhile being
.-cvoid' of taslon,
as rclr as wbm tsgting it-;dLo
ueb!-at--rork rith thc aicl of an otrnatcr and a uttttrrcttutor.
In rrcr to asoertain- poosib\r oonoeaLed. sou$oos, tho
alparatus f,a.s searcned. rith a mlrlirrcltreter,
rrthout using any
extornal batter{.ee.
No effoot raE poroqptibrc.
Besidee-tttc'
apparatua ras oaJried. fron tho mo roon through a oorrid.or
to
anotber oao in the estabrlsboont to qolude tbe possibiriW
of
anJr scort
oormeotlon to the nsins.
rngtalloct ln tho apparatrra rerc throe ourrent meters for
tho ourrotg
frcll tho ttrroe batterics,
and. furtheruore oumqrt
and vprt ncters of tlro soft iron tlpc for thc ourrent rooeivcrs.
ho ancl trc bulbr ncqroctlvc\r
rcr-Jenployerl for thle prrp""".-'
Begida therc rero at di4rosar *" pncstrlon nirtlamter
of tbo
s. & Ho turn spool tDo, also orrpl,oyabrc ag amoter and. vortneter

-15-

\:/

of the
(oalloil: Dr. 3p.C. ), od a turn spooL uillivo]"tnetor
A.E.G.1 an ondina4r l-aboratory instrrrnont, aleo oryIoyable as
(oa3-lott: Dr. Sp. 11.8.G. C.).
a noldcter,
llhile tho apparatus fd. tro bulbs, the crrr.rent tlclivory
was lpaaured &ireotly
battsries
of the throo ourrent-sr4rplying
The rcsults ato as follqss:
at tho tenrinal, clar;rs.
battery

Lo

ourrent

of the plato

2.

curtstt

of the spooL battery

3.

ourent

of the exoiter battory

,S tA)
)
19 ne) Dr.Sp. S. &
)H.C.
I70 uA)

instrunsnts rre lJr

of the btdLt-in
The intlioatlons
Tbe
S.
& H. instnrnent.
unigon rith the statoments of the
oaoh:
elements
three
total oapaoity of tho batterj.eg of
0.257 rG - i.5lp vatt, (tUAtension of the battorios 1D
The possible oqpaoity of the
being belor 5 voft).
o""iity
tas
lngtnnentt
soft-irm
two Uufts ac-orrling to the built-in
tbc
of
6.J
folct
the
moang
iS v., that is IO.5 watt wtrlch
ii,
abone-nont ioned. oapacltY'
Thereafter only one bulb was @rureotetl, and a seoonil onet
oraotly of the sare type, was reguLatoct with l-ltpooia-l
accpmtilator battery to get the same 11ght_._ . AIL ou,trentg rorc
;'Dr. 5p. S. & H. c.",
rd'th tb'
measured rith tbe
111 tonslmg
lngtnlqants.
ip". gp. A.E.G. C,, ancl n6t rittr the bqllt-in
1.

currsnt

of the Plate battcry

2.

currqrt

of tbe sPool oirouit

5.

ourrsnt

of tbe eroLter battery

28 nA
battory

2J'5 rn*
lBO nA

That neans, if rcckmed, vith a 6 rrolt battery tcroS.o_n, -6^1

a bulb, fecl'
The trnsslble oapaoif-9f
o.ilz - I.i92 ratt.
ra.e
UattelYl antf ahorlng the sans ligntporer
W
both
"
"p*iat
of
ho;rorbion
r*.1
x I.5 ip - 6.75 vatt
"oit
ca. L.85.
effioiqroiog
Both instnuenrts .,'edl for testing (neasqring) 15o S. & H.
by a
antl fbom tho A.E.er ilBr thon coqrared Yith eaob other
Leoe
beircg
cleviation
tho htghest po-ssible
ouffnt-\,oltnoter,
tho
result.
soarscly influenco
it"r, iO;l nhiob ori ttutuforc
ibeapparatus,aooorclingtotbestatengntoftheinventor'
The bglb-tcnslon of
is ad.apted irov for- aurrent incroasc.
j_s
is loss than the tonsion of tho foe&ing battorior.
""tt,

-15-

I /-1
lr{

8y ohanelng orur ln tbo r.nterior it would, algo bo lneslbre to

use i,t for an inoneaso of tmsion.

lhon thor.o ras a tost rtth thc aid, of the Dr. sp. rtr.rivoltneter fron thc A.E.G. to try tho <L,eoreags
of tongiqr 11r thtsjngre winrting
tho platc spoor_o the rigbt ., ,.rr
"?l*"^ofas @ thc lcft
ciale of tbc ncohanl.!&
(lhe
ia that

tcnslonr

ln XiILi\roIt:

7. 22
9 . 26

of tne rpo;l

WlacHnq flA@ the top dfinnrd.:

Rieht Sldc

1.
3.
5 . 8.4

foru

nFe'll rcoturgle).

of a lcrg

Loft Sitb

2.
0.24
Ir'
2.6
6. 2l+
8. u.6

1.
5.
5.
.\

Lo. 25

O.rl#
2.8
J2.4

2.
4.
6.

7. 28

22

8. t00-14o
fluotuato!

9.

Lo. ,o

\6

rntrlb

Tho terrsi,on8 are dietnlbutod rrcry uneqrral\y rrbioh nust be tluc

to ourrqrt iroreasos and d.eoreases throrrgu ttre iron..oorer.
Further msaBuftxr.rnts on thc single parts oorrld not bo
oanried. through for the raaon of gettlng rspealod by tho b[tltin parts ln the apparatus.
rqy variatjong ir trte log..r"tio"rcaietanoa rclr arso not ucclortakcn, beoause the inventor stated
tbs't.t}i
apparatus in its incterratbn
m.a vory sn6itivs,
espeoia-l\y with regard to the n-gnctlo oonclitions of tbe lion..oo"os,
ancl' that a frrong trsatnsrt
woulil oause intcrfencroes
ilbioh nrlrt
be rrearfii.soroeand. very cliffloult
to be ollmLnatcd,.
nH. & Bn (oau.cd,:
Ths nert day r got a Hoff.ne-vortnetcr
H.Df.gH), antt further a prcoJ.eion m{'tliaoeter .S &H.;
loaffea:
P-T. sp. [H) at the Teotsdcal Eish sobool of charrottobirr.
Yith thoso Lnetnrnnts aad those of tbe prerions dav tho iolrgring
tests rrsre rnsdtf
r1.

Plate oinoult
I,arp ourront

28 nA
1.52 A
I.60 A

1.r-I.I
Leqr tonoion

4.05 V

Laqr tosion

Dr. Sp. T II

Dr. Sp. 8. & IL C.

HDr. TII
Btdlt-irl
eoft ircn
lngtnrnont
HDr. tH
Irrrlt-fu1 soft lpn
lnstmmnt

-L7-

-4. L/

2.

5.

ft>ool olmuit
Laqr ourqrt

29.5-rO nA

Dr. Sp I E

I.4Z A

llr. Sp S.& H. C

1.56 A

EUIU

Inqr tcralo

J.8 V

H Dr. T B

Eroltor

O.IZJ I
1.5 A

Dr. Sp S. & H. C

otroult

Iracp ouront
Inqr toaior

H Dr. T II

5.75-J+V
JO-50.5 ql

$pool oirouit

H Dr. T H
Dr. Sp T H

Qoc rgal,n a_ooryari,son of oapaofty ra.s oarrid tbroqb

by ugtng an cEuI laryr to tbat tn the apparatrrs rith an
aooruu.lator, .'rd, brllgtrqg tt to. the can br:tgbtncss, ar
"\
Jud.gcd\r the oyc.
T,rnF J.;r aoorrm]ator
tasl.m

ourrmt

olmrdtg
L V

Dr. Sp S. & H. C

5.5 Y

h.

I.5 A

$P A.E.e. C

Dr. Sp S. & H. c

r"rnF 1rr apsnratuSl

tsnbioa

5.85-l*.gt

EDr. lE

ourrot

L.59

E Dr. ! H

Curncnt fn ryool

oiroult

27-28.5 tL

Dr. Sp I E

lhonaftor
tbo lnstnrmta
dth thc nca.surod otrrrsnt
ancl tenslon - f,igurGrs f,lrro ooqrar"cd wltb oaoh othor:
1.

2.

Tcnsl@mter

parall6t

on tro aaoursulatora:

Dr. Sp A.E.e. C

5.2 V

SDr.Ttr

J.8V

Dr. ST S. & H. C

4.2-t+.3 V

Voltaoleotnoreter

Ln llne:

H Dr. T H

1,.L7 A

Dr. Sp S. & H. C
-18-

1.45-1.47

t
1r

\
':
t:

a
!i

Ewn *rm takhg lnto eaoout th! orrqrs of tb,

instnuante,
ths noe.rrtrrrg nrrtrplloaticr
of ocrgr,
!.a
pr{noiplo,
dooa_not undorgo enJr altoratlon
tlnougb ibc
apparatus.
Judglag firm the oonformlty of tbc uotrrro aarl ttlrysgoor lnstnrsrte
l:r tbe Laqr olnoult,
thc lnfcraoc
1g to bo clrarn that prdnolpar\y
it i; oontbuius
ourrDt
onc har to cteaL rrtb.
a tcrt of orrrnsnt fron tbo battartoc
W way of hotriro ncaaunensnt nc not lnsalbJ.o.
As a strlking
faot it ehouLd" bo me,atlonocl. that tbc apool
oirouit
naving been at flrst
alrqye grltohod. on alonc, nciervea
a ourreat of IOlr nA.
ln soon aa platee ancl eroitar lisouit
add.ltisnslly
and sLuultaneousry rorc grrtohod. m, aa, aooorlag
to tho lnventor, tfus erE]aratne cl,ananctsit, - the ourrut
lD tho
spool oircuit
oomes dlosn to about 27 nL
. a clef,lnito Judgncnt ab.out trro atrDaratus lntrrt bo rcsclmal
e]I parts haw been singfy tcstod, anct utLL
by rue urtll
variatlons in tb oonneotions ln the Load anclo bavc bea
und.ortakcm.
Aftor tbe preaant eranination,
oarried. tbmqb ar dascfirlly
tE linitoil
poseibJ.litios
of crpor{.untatlqr
"r
pormittod,
r nust surrLee tbat rre bane to faoc the erploltatlon
of a ner aourrre arersr nhoao fi.rrtbor develoluents oan be of an
apparatus was vlslbLa an<l aooossibre
@ha
irr &11 lte ossentlal _parts.
Ths invontor agreed. qul,tc yruingly
to each td,ar ln qo far as, aoconling to hic gtetonnt, no hari
oou1d, bo d.qre to tho rorking of the appanatus.
r do not bo];ievc ln a doooption.
r cleerolt cpcdc.ant to
put tbe atrparatus to a firrther tcst, and f bollort
tUat a
firrther ctevelopnent_of tbe qparatrrs and an asslstanoo, ginon
to tbe inventor, riIL prove justifiod. and. of groat i"Eortanoo.
I

-19-

lt
t

t,
6,
*
F

{.

:"2

IEFENDU rV
Rcport of &camlnatlon on CoLcr Anoaratug

f
\

Tlmo: L&.lrJ to Z5-9.tL,

Plaoc:

Roaoaroh Dpartu$t

Il.no:

1.&.4, to 30.6.45

Hlaoo:

Physical

tl.m:

L.7.45 to 25.9.43

Instltute

of tbe Adnlralty
Wannsco

(qOl),
o

Borlin,

of tho Teotsrioal Univoraity

BorItn

of

smc ycarl
3go an agparatus (tuc corer apparetur) rea
adrtoal\y
&evelqrod,, rhlob aooor.ing to a siriog of repofrc
ty nlr
lnorn golsrtLste and praotioal cngineers, xag abis to
clellvcr a oonaid?T"brJr hlgher oLeotr{oal output luan tue tnput
DooocaerJr tp mltc
tbc arcotnqagnetio
f,talals of tbo q4nritu.
Due to tbe raok of eu.ffiolont brorleclgo of the oorqlrioatocr.
actiwlQr rithfui the qparatus,
ancl of the lrryossibilJ'ty
of
tbJ.s
ln
lqroryn
terms,
the suooees l,n sta:*ing th.
-tlcinlng
aFrparatus tlepeadett qrcn halpy aoold.ant.
(

Yith thc eqrport of tho ol0d an atteqrt rae nado to ocanino

and. reasuro the aotivitloe
in the Coler a1ryaratr.rs. Drs to
raok of sufffulont
tcohnioat anit physioal ncans, re tid, not at
flrst
auooeoa ln starting it.
fhls nork, horevrar, loct to
valuable lrrorlodge aacl lnfomatl'crIt j.e tbercfore neoosaar$F,through a eyateoatio baslo
reooarc\
to transfer tbe ac[ustnont and, other nooossaqr
prooocluro for rtr:*lrg
tho aptrlaratus, frour ttre doroain of
aooidcnt into a practioal
experirnntal
proood,urc rtrioh 1r at
any tine rq>roduolblc.
1.

Hietotv

During the years L921 to L926 ttra wrclorsigned; Captaln

Iiang CoLor, basJ.ng hJ's work on lagr thoorios of oleotronagnetio
and. incluotiva aotivitics,
bas tlevelqrecl an apparatus for
gonerating eleotrioal
aergr, rtrioh d.o1i.vorcd a oongj,clonb\y
higber olootrtoal
ou\>ut ttran was neooasarJr to oxcite tho

-20-

l_3

prl*ry

fitolds

of the apparat's.

oa*iect out ruone\r pla""rlv

yithout

ncoordl:ag turaauromnti

shtg crevolqmnt

anatdr."1;-ib;-'t*
or nUng

diqgr"r".

nr

n*a.'',

lhis apparatrrs was the snbjeot of nunero's

.
oradretiqg
by soientigts
and practroa,r. *sr""9-;
;rfi;
ttrclr
rcportr,
nlrnst rritbout engptio1,
Uua-to."drii
* *"r,
aurplus or
anerEr nultiplioation
rttbut
bcfurg
t. .i$ratu tbc
procoss by pnoa3lt lcrorreclge.
"tr.
rh; lnnentor
aiso oould not
glrro an erpranation cr.uoto laok.of
suffioiot
Lorled,gc of tbc
aotivities
in the apparatua.
(see ;d;;i -- 'r hofesaeg
KLoes and Soh'marrnon lsoorril at'the
OXni:
Dus to urpreaaaut &iffenencerttb
thc flDanorora,
foreigners,
ana a nerrous broakilorn of corer booauso nost\r
of thoao,
the agparatus ancl orjgina-r theerios **
ioot.'
upon resr"Ef ion_ of the or'er{.nonts at a
r.atcr cratc thc
effeot ras ocoasio:ally
suooeulfulry rqprodr"q
i;-;fi;
by Dr. Uodersohn o_onoendng ovsrtc lt uir yu""
igj6_7)-r[i;h"
bom'rver, evidentally
due t6 at.elurbanoc of iG
oould' not bo 'aa-rntainecl beoause grrffioisnt
"aO*ii;;;- En
nea.suroonts
not takeo.
[ho outbreak of rar thcn put . t*po""ty
od to
the experi.rnontal rork.
2.

Intervention

of the OK}[

fn L9lA Coler and. Dr. Nod,ersobn mad,oan qrplloation

to tbc
-OKlt!o luppry then wltb natoriars for f'rther
frr\
u"erog tu"i
by siapl,e tockrioa.l &eans, the atrparatu,s oorrld
u foaJto-*"t.
rhsir aim was, to prrodr.rooa rorkr.ng apparat's,
nhiob oou.[d.
be sho*'o to tb.e nrhrotof
GcnnanJr, loaitni-ih"-,u""*eucrrt
of
nll- activitbs of the apparatus to'a
latcr-datc.
and. snt sufflolent
TI,? otot apprurred. the al4tloation
nateri
to.brrlId tf9 apparatus anar Llnt tbo invcntor o"drrr"qr
arye;reters, voltnpters,
and neoossa.rJrtoors.
rt ras foirnd.r-borewr
that duo to tbe overroad of work qron then at tlrig tr*;
tu"i"-qlaro tjroe work was not suffioisrt
to securo quiok
.""uitg.
-io
-ottrer
Ib cKM ther-ofor"e proourod. their releaso rnon
rcrg
a]]ow a 'ooro intensiver
-&d, due to tbe oo-opur.tioo of Dr.
trbohlioh, fto had experd.enco
ln p\rsical
neaiureruonts, * *"u
scientific
approacb.
the newry d.everopecl apparatus oorgd. not be nade to work,
however, becauso of the rack of thorough lorowledge of ttrc
actiylties
irr tho qFparatus rhich nsw appared to be vory

-2r-

<;F:i'-.

e'l

oqrlloatcal.
rn
obtaLnod..
5.

Vrl.uabl'c borl,edgo

Short tlcaorAptlm

end prwtcing

atgnr,

horvotr,

of thc erpantua

prt^nolplc olrotdta rtloh

The apparatur ooarlsta of tbe
rrc intcn-rotnd, an<l lntoruoqfl"a
(=IIgtPgft)
tn t poor'lrar faJr.
olroultr
Sorc of tbccc aro ilivLtl,cd, agaj.n lnto atnglc rubdtliary
ritb oc
rhl.oh crl"tlont\y havc el,l. to bc brougbt lnto lsroaooc
aagther.
(oaltcd thc anobor) tn *l'ob tbc
olrod.ta
lto prlnotple
of nctd glataa bcrblaqn
aoqsr gr{n luiobeb\r oooura, oorlrtr
ooil^g a$o oottncotcq thc lbole bctlg connotccl
*tob
traaef,orur
G caoh of tbe aLaglc
to ono J.argc liLato oo11 (Plattqg|cu].c).
ooIL (S!3gEgSg)
rluils.nga on t-U.a i.a ooqllEa@T,at
groqPs,
am lntorrotlrd' b tr
(orltcd flcld).
Tbcse fiIat\ooila
thla
thccc groqpr noproaont tho turns of a transfomr.
oonplc-, 6 oro.hend on the f,Iat ooilc of tbc otbc grory (al
ooiJ,r), and cr thc other hand, m tr6g anoboF"fiLetc
sooodrry
lbc tbfrd clotrtoally
ooll, rtrloh la $LaociL botre@ tho.
olrcuft)
inilepaclent otucurdt (oa11ca tbc illrcotlng
!g@)
aliegrnstlpr]]y
1'
lbf,t
tbLr transfcrcaoa.
Flgurc
ngulatcc
aaA fn $Laa thcac lntcnor.rnil parts (anobor lrl rcilr fioltl 1o
Figunc 2 tb go odlcd'
greco, tlii:nooting otrctdt la bluc).
thcac tltfrforot
bctrea
tbe oonootlor
baaio Afagren, Sfic
ncocraarlr for
oondl,tlml
ths
Thl,s batlo tlLagran absllc
partl.
a'rrangennt,
thJ'c
of
ocrseqtmos
Il
oeLf-lrtorn4rtlo.
ellffenont tSpoa of ourrmt ers orcatcd in dLffcncnt oqrduoter
al'torrrattng ourrcnt, cto. )
ftrulsotl airoot ournet,
tbc tranrfomcr
lrc ootlBooto'l ln e
nsfrl
lbtlr
rod.g.
transfonnr oont3,
also oqrnootod wltb
nentioed. latcr.
L-

hoori.Ioents

tbo andor $latca,

omnetott botleo
rqy thro"gh thin pernanat nagnct
sona to bc to Prc'aagncti-go tbo
vury pnobablo tbat thcy aro
horwrr,
ir,
it
ttrc Qrrrokhrtlscn cffoot, rhJ.ob rlIL bc

oolLr,
pouttai
-otJoot

oarrld' out

rbLob I'cel to tho iliagran of tbc

F:ro tho rof,Lootiqrr
of aom phya'ioel_cffects
thc roallty
aborc,
apparetua clspribed,
hlrsalft
tbo
inncntor
flon
pa::t\y
rhlah
a.sgu&d'
*i
tbc rcrktlg
calrtnetl
had
rbo
ttre
coiqttLats
fro
aleo
part\y
clil.anatlo
probablc
or
poscible
a
a5
rsr
statoil
lpparatus,
obsortld.
phononenon
of tbe

-22t
I
il

,].5

-t

:7

lr tbcrc S4nthercr hod, not bccn cranlncil by muurucntr, -'

lt acocd, ard.tabJ.c, for fiuthcr drvrlqnot
of tlc appelrtur,
-*p"ttr*t,
to olrrlt!
tba3 quaatroa ty furth"'
ro'ier ;-:..
rlth tb. Drlf rt orrr dl,s1nul.
lnulblc

_ta
i.1

tbo qcrrmtr

il

-Epcj.nt
tf

1 r{rrglc

oarrrcd, out rrc ilcgor{bod bcror.

j.
Lrycr

colootct

lt

ooncotcd

to a Lrttclr,

ourot
t gllr lo dLq at tha rcmt
of oohootlo"
*ro'u'rc
bca
to r{.rc cponcntbrty, -o? rntll
lt rcrobca a odgt-t
r.gllu
ilctcmtncd by thc rcltago
tuc battcry and noatstanoc of tbo
olrcrdt.
Etrcry potnt m the ourrmt/t-ru
o,lri
oorrcqnnda
-.ggtlo
.
fitcld,
rhlob
lr
rlcponddnt
rgon
thc
d{-enalonr
l-o
of
thc aolaolil.
At thc rmcnt qdoonneotlin
the clcotmnr rlo
not bcgJ-n to flor at ths seu t\r
!r alt pa:*s of tbc oofi,
bcoeurc thc cteotmragnetio
l.*
travcla rrtl
thr
GlsggE,illg)
varootty of Llgbt.
rhc dlcot@
at clLffcqrt
lnrts of tbc odl erro bultdE uP ritb l oorDcspondlag trm
dlf:fcruoc.
Not ln e rlgtrt heia mrlril oolL a-norttipolc
1g
prod.uocd, at tho qrd rhsrc tbc ourcnt
entors (trrc or:rzut
ilLrcotlon 1g takm nor end, hertaftcr
to be tbi ar:rotLon of f,Lor
of tbc crcotmnsr i.c. fbo ncgatlvc to psltlw),
ln a Lcfb
hroa oo11 e south pole ls atd.rarry pr"oairooa.
rn tbs ttrst
oaao thc lrrlrrt{ng up of l[s ragnetio-field.
proocc<lr tbo th.
ln tbo scoond. oaso from thc aouth to
?9"tb porc to tbo rout\
tfo.lorthr_or
ln othc rords:
strc clircotlon of thc butl<ltng uI)
of tbo f,l,cltt ls ln onc oaso rrtb the &i:r.ootlon of flor of thc f,lc1tl end la thc othor a,gal$at lt.
Quosttoa:

F lUu voloolt5r of tho brrititing qp of the ftelct

cl*fforont ln thosc tro oa.ecs, although thc data
of tho ooll,s le tbs aane cxoqrt for thc
dlrcotion
of rtn&tng?
Ilds neans, 1g thoro a
difforcnoe ln tbe tllls ln vhlob tbb ou:ratr
are neaohlng thclr lnald.oun vatus?

ll suob an cffcot ooulcl bc formcl, it

one of tbc follorlng
mJru:

nust gbor Ltecrf

tJr

rhe oolls nrgt have crifforont atr4nncnt realstanmr

, _ (")
By marurcnentr
of voitaso and ourrcnt thc
@
apparut r.ssiatanoo of tcn rigbt-hanalod and tm loft-handd, ooirs
testea rlth a ltrtlttpc-Sobretugs-SutrEofr
lbe atrparart
reglstanoca rpfir thc gam rrthtn atr oreortrsltal
error of about

tLfu

-25-

e6

(b) othor oonclitiono bcing tho sano tho ooirs rnust lnduoe
diffcrcnt
potmtiala
aorosa a aoocrdary oo1l, rvhen ooruoeotod.to
a battery.
ldoasuremrts tono uado rlth a oathod,c ra;r
ocolLlogralb
fnon Sdoans and, ttralsko.
lho i.ncluocd, potantiala
rrno the s8no.
It oan ther^eforo bo takon as provod. that no
guob cffeot crieta.
Enerdmnt

GLven a solcnolcl consisting of two rinclings, one lgron the

other, 9f the sar'- rngth and numbor of turns, encrosing a soft
i.ron oyllnclricaL oore.
siru.ly attachod. to one and of the oorc
ls a prc-magnetlzed ateel rod,.
If an alternating
ourront lc
paseed. through one of thege oo1La, aotlng as primery, tb
neEitlual --egastl6n of the gteel rod. ls strcngth*red clurlng one
hllf oyoJ-e, through the magnatj.sn ird.uoeal in the core, during
tbo othe half oyole 1t ie reakoned..
If nor ths other winctfurg
la oonneoted tn gerieg with thA pno-nagtrtized. steel rbct - as
seoonclarlr ooil - ln ouoh a ralr that the acoonctary ounent Eust
pass ttrrough the rnqgnotl qre half oycle of the seoodarXr ourrent
nrst be more or less gubduod, in other woratE a rootiJ!-Jng cffoot
(ft nay be remmbored. that aooordlng to
must bc oneated.
mensuremont b[r hofosnors ICLoeaand, Sc]u.uarur a higb ftequenoy
puLsetl clireot current - about 18O I(o - Ls flLorring in thc outprrt
nosistance of tho apparatus, for the oreation of wtrloh no
other eqrlanation aeeus trrossible).
Unfortwrately
the testiag
of these offeots ooul.cl cr\r be
nad.e rith
tt-ured frequenoy (gonffggent)
alternating
cument,

rrittr the use of wtrioh no sucE ptrenoffi-on oould. be son wbcn

using

measuring

lnstnunente

and. a oathod.c rqy oeclllograph.

lhe quostion is open wtrether, antl if so in wtrat wqy, an

infLuonce qr tho electrsr monement odsts throug[ tho
oeol1-lation of tho nagnot rclecules by high frequency
altorrrati-ng fields,
especially of such an iiuptrlse-llke otraraoter.
F '
Experirnent J
hevj.ous measur^oments, frqn the year 1937, rnacl,a!y the
inventor and his assistsnt, Dip1. Ing. Rudolf H5ngst, hd shorlrr
Given two solenoids each consisting of
the folloring
effect.
two ooiLs one Epon the other, of tho same length and nurnber of
turns, one wind,ing of one solenoid. is oonnectecl jrr serios w'ith
one wind.ing of the other, uowrd in the same senser and an
Tho
internittent
direct ctrrrent is passed through then.
renniniJxg winclings, nrtrioh, aro to be oonsidored. ag secondarlr
ooils, are also oonneoted in eerioe but wounclin opposite senae
to one another.
The lnd.uoed. geaondary currents are thereforc

-?b

.l -

al

(
:.

and._rculal, clue to tha cgual dl-enslqrl

eimi.larly 1n qposltion,
of tbo ooils ellml.natc ono adottrsr.
She matrenants
referrcil
to aborrc aro gaLd to bave givqr tho nosult tbat 1n amb a
acoonclartrr oinouit a oonsidorablo diroot ourront oqnnont
axlatg
lhJ'ob oan bo strengtbnod, by noans rbtoh ru ghal[ cot go fuito
horc.
.And thlg atrongthening
to a d,cgrce srrob tba.t tht
icooontlartrr clirsot ourrsrti
la ooqrarable to thc pri.lury ourrrnto

!;

Testing the rosrrlts

oonfirm tha.
Ercerinsnt

of tbesc noasunsoonts, bomrtfr

dS not
1

lr

I
1
I

Besi.alog the above guostiona, uroertalnty

exlstoA ag to rrhat
part the above desoribctl pLate antl f,Iat ooiL unlt plqys t-n tbc
fttrotion of the apparafus, hof, grqat 1s tho mutnd JnfJ.ugroo of
the fLat ooilg qpon one anotherf
0f th6 flat colls r49on tho
pla$ea? And f,inalty of tbe platoo betrem tho?
As tbo plateo
aro not orJ.y cbargcd. ag oond.engera, but a-lgo hane clireoted.
ourrents passing thnough then tt had. to bo a.ssunAthat thelr
mutuq,L influenoo not onJy oonslstocl of a oonclcnsor effect, but
tbat they also orated. a negrotl,o f,loltl.

,iI
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It roust first be etateal that the fnequenoy of .the i$urnmoltr

at our dispoeal (O-tlr")
rae not suffioisrt
to measutre tbc
influanoe of tho plates, d.ue to the lor
mutuol olcctronagnctio
This exem{nation shot0d. be carrled out
slDarent resistenoe.
ou.rrent.
wlth high ttequency alternatlng
It ra.s, ho*tver,
posslbLo by the uso of a htgtt-\y gonsLtive osolllograph as a
va,lve vrltreter
to measuro the potential
lndtrood. by tbe flat
ooils on the lnAiviAu&l plates, to disoover the indtntlon
ourronts Jl tbo platoe, antl elso to dotennine ttre va-lus of the
potential
inclucotl by the flat ooils on tho platos ln proportion
to the currents created ln the plates fron the cu:rqrt intluoccl
ourrent was u.sed,aa a pr{.nary
in the anobor colls (tUe airecting
rind.ing 1n tbeso lrcaauroments, being oonnooted to the Sohrebunga-

1
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dl

-\I
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Sr'rrrne1.).

It alrpearect that tho ilAnketrralcton AC or BD (Soo eig.L)

aro not al.l to bo considored as osolllati.ng oirouite, but tbat
tb single groq) systorns, oqreigting of plate - to anohor oolls
oi:rotdts.
plato, already repreeent inilepenclont oecillation

L, ,1

:; i l1

,t -1

ten such ogciilation

ge oimtdts
and
ooulcl unfortGttely
exi
bctween t
differencos
t'g> to now on\r
not Uo measuned., bocaueo, as al.rea{r mqrtionodr
In orAer
was at our tlisposal.
tunecl frequonoy for ercitation

The ind.ivt

Il

- !
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qunoy

' I

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to nake the apparatuts work the harrnony of all oooillating

crircults in tboir inclivicl'rqI froqtr.enoios would evid.ontly be

-25_

AY

ncocBserlr - at loast rltH.n errtaLn 1tn{tr d.,stormlnod,by tho

gLtrrproaalon ln qreltion.
suoh an adJu.rtnent oan of oounc not
bc goourcd' ty
gbo
!b Dan! at our dispoair at tbo pnoccnt.
prcvlous oooasLonal rusoosa nuet bL ocraidcnea L aus to obanoe.
lho Dut.rl lnfluaoc
of thc filat ootrs rmo,' one anothe
ootrlcl o thc othcr hand.ga.r{y_be erqntnod..bciausc, ileapltc thc
groat dl.ctanoc bctrem tbc vrnalrret (25 m), ttcy f,avc -reurark&\y
great apparcnt nesistanoc (ebout 20O-obua ii :O ilt).
It agpcarod. that tbc porrtr faotor (tbcrtr.aeuncs-faktor)
of
botb of tbe f,Iat oolls roGa I : I, ln offi
peouliar tntervrndtqg
(scc rig. l)-bavr the &toutchlngly
bLgb
rr,Iuc of O.85.
lhe'rnltra of the-ponpr faotor ra.e at a
ma:r{rnrr@
at 1o Ib, at rhloh (rcEraroy tbc nost favourabre
natohlng of tbo iryeclcroc of the srmor ra.s obtalned..
oo"'lf cagr\y bc nad.e that the powor faotor
- ..m16ggr-T'tlon
of tbc flat oolJ.r rpoD tbo_ pratcs ia stil[
rcre faiorrrablc, but
thl,a meacur.oncnt oan or\r bc nado rlttr htgh fregucnoy
alternatlng
oulrsnt.
Ap1rb lbon the gneat ni,,,rbor of alternatlvc
arangGntg
and
oonneotion^g bettosr tho ctlffefent parts, - durLng thc-perC.o<t
oovered. by thls report eight dtlffersnt oirouit <llagra.m rcrc
tsstoa in a/arrltigg to the e4rori.rrntg
above - tbc iolrond.ng- go
far ursolvud probtotDs arrt hhaettng suoooss in nalclng tho
agparatus rork:
(")
fhe inf,Lusroe of the pr-nagnotisatlon
anct of tbo
nqgnetizing effoct cius to the battory ouroat,
qnn thc
inai\rldu&I fuoquanoy of tho ogolllat-ing oirouita.
(b)
lho influmoo
of tbe Barolchs.usoneffeot on tho ptrasc
oorclltlona of tho osollretlonc
ln the ind.ivizirrq] oiroultg ancl on
ttro mut"-'l magnotio and oleotrioal prooesss.
(o)
[be lnfluenoo on the novment of elcotrons in thc
prc-nagnetizedt stosr rocle by tbe high fuequenoy puJ.ao-rlkc ftard
variatlona,
tbrough the osol1]atlons of tbe rcIeoules of the
roagnetso
(A)
and. plates

the behavlotrr of t[e 6strrql effeot bctreen flat

irr a hlgh froquanry ryotem.

oollg

-26-

at

5.

Sgpglrrlig;1g

Aftor rcporronoo prcvrous\y gar.ned on tho Borklng

apparatus,
ard. on tbc ba.gis of tbo toohnloal t'oa,suroeooatc
anal a.an{natloas
ncsrtloned. abow, tbo piot'ro
of tbo ruy tn rhrou th" ;!p;;;'
rcrks is a! follows.
D's to the. oanrogttng of the batter{,os, a outrncnt
i.up'rsc
ls ird,uoett l'' the ancbor tils'rt
nhrou ;h"i";
tbe pLatea.
Tbr
itigoharge ourrrnt fron- th_e platca crrrles
olsctrioal
lntcrn4ltlor
of short cluratron of the baitery ourront
in the flor<r oi*frir-'
*ioh
furtbermoro lnduotlvcry
interEts,
or drangca tbc
dli.rcotion of, tbe battory ouirent tn iue-aircctlng
olroult for
a sho't tim.
Tho crcctronegnetio
fiorct lnd,ood-by tur" p*l""u
ln the clireoting oircuit by tts d{ssrpatrorr, irra*oo
ovor tbo
flerd. oiroui,t a ounmt rn tue anohor oirouit
rechargLng-tb.platoe, ancl ao fortb.
.,\
Duo to tbe infruqroo of the Banokhaugon offoot eaoh
einglo
prooos' bag an
oharapterr and. tbe nooeseary orrangc
iqr4ae-ritco
of phaso is procluoeil to a'tlsr thc regul".fty
of the pro-oe""l:Du.e to a so-rtrGrerup to thc proaont not investigatod.,
and.
not erprajnabre by grilting
goiattrio
thoord.es, rn-+aniironar
quantity of energr ie fleed d.uning oaoh oyore r6ioh
reads to- a
sq1f,fuuro'l raising of the aryLttude of the mut,,ll p"*r""-u,
tntil
the nagnetlo ooros grs eaturatcd.

rbm the fact that rn tbe resrgtanoo of the apparatus

pulsecl diroct cunont ia floring
(aoe Reprt by professors ioosc
and sohunann) there ia_posslbry an rp to nor 6k,on
nectifling
offect,
or a-lternlti.yely
tbe gain ln energr is prod,wed onf
d'uring one half of the.cyorer_either
durlng the'cbargtng orcLischarging of the pJ,atea.
Thc aotivity
L the atrrparatus ---louat
take olace i$e
ten sgciflrtrot= = ={-=----=
"i-'=ii
nannei.
rere available
to nake the neoessary tuning laJrrstmctts.

rt le clear f:ron the abovo that the success of tho inventor

tF to now oould, onJy be clr.roto obanoe, or happy aoci.dent.
Tho
necossityr therefore, ard.see to transier thJlpparatrrs
fron thc
state of enpinioal donelqxnent, wrth srf,fioieni-teohrioal
Beans
ancl basod. on resurts of an exaot basio rosoaro\
to a etate of
'
working prooed.ure rtdoh can be controllod..

-27-

ir

6.

Furtbcr

hooed.rrrs

ID a airyIe aplnratus, poesib\r m\y omalattug of oe

ogoIllatloa
olroulJ,
tb problona rocntloned ln paragrapb lr cbould
lbe croitetion
be oloarcd. rqr.
oirsrrlt bc!,ng
of thc ogoLllatlo
olrgod by an q>propriatc valvc olroult.
aleard.ng tbesc
lftcr
olroult
a sooond. oeollllatlm
nay be addcd, iliob rlll
lnoblos
arlov tbe erantaation of tho omclltlora
ncocrsartrr for tbc pglrrnl
b'rllctfug up of cffeota.
It
ctomal
mrgnctlo
to rcrk

ti,m to go frcn
rtII
tbo bc lnaslblo for tbc flrst
ancl e aololgr cl.cotrooxoitatioa to scl.:f tntcrrqltlm
baols, rdtb tho r{m sf brfngbg thc gl4nratus ln qroatlm
rystoatloa-L\r.
,\

EcrlJ.n, 27 $cpto'trbr 19&5

(coror)

(or. nroUffoU)

ll ! ;
t ,

-28-

2,,
-rW/

.APFn{DIT V

-.,

Sbose fin&arnsrtal researohea, *lolr

hrtr nado the f,k:Et
of pnoeoai sod.*,tl,rlo
,re3J-.ancl large breach in the oitaiel
beliof,
rrrl nor be cresord,bedt,' cletarr.
rto instarratio
in Flgrrro l4 nas ,s6d. ta tuc cqp";r.Dei!.
A traufonor
"ll* a ratlo of 1
with
r I ras oonneotod. d rts pJ;qr
ddr tbrorrgb'
a period,io rnalce-anal-broa} X to a D.C. touroi U.
Grcat oarr! n5
-taken, to ensur ilrat tbe nake a'd. b*ak ngrctiooil
*oiuryr
rithout baoiclash anct,wriportlJr, et hlgb fncqrrarolca
and tbur
produood' as olsar ancr unanbu6u
a nesurt i posalbrc.

.l

'{,
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E
ii

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=T.LT

Ot the seeondany siale the ooll g rlrr oolrneotcd, rlth rcaisteroo

R' a reversiblo. roctifler
G, and. a bfghfy
hd-,rl1g-rctor,
to foru a oinouit.
"*,"itflr ooqranir, d.tb tb.
The ruiistaDoe n-ra! l"rg;
apparent r.esistanoe of the ooil S.

I
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switoh soh allorect the switobing of the ncstifier

G to
oanied. out in suoh Eanner, tbat in olre oarc ths hallf-mvc bc
of tbe
_a
i"Eulse, ancl in the othsr thei of ttre orosl,ng lry,u".r-*"
:p*dttg
tranguitted..
rn onler to proncnt any possiblo obJcitidr-tult'
the iron had ary infruencc on tbe ro"-ulia, ths *boie tranitorur
wa.s out out tluring tho experd.roents and an'iron-fuee
flat ooil--arrangenent usod a.s the ilduotor <lurtng tbeec erperLmcrta.
nrLs
erirdlated
all interforence
and. hacl exierlent transnlasisr
properties.
The roqu1red sensitlvity
ve-g attafurod.tx tbcgo
me3_suJ:!@rento
by usjJlg a themopil.e rlth tho noat gcnsltlvc
rnil-liasneter.
After nargr trlale,
the rctondri,vea
lrtemuptor
of a Bosoh ignition nagnet ras uaod. ag nake-ond-bnoa!.
ruia
gT. Tty wrlfom and sooth lnternrytion
rrth a fcoquanoy of
rLD c,/s.
The result obtained. ritb tlrl_s e4per{rucntat arangont,
wttioh already oririnated. a-11 the possibre
of ratcr
objeotionsr w
"'"rrsos laqgcr @er"s,
proof
o?
a
oonsidcrably
.
.1T :1?"r
d.uring e.n.ing
(fnta.to), omparod;5rIth oloaing f.lqr'tafs.
n;
onerry wae dtermined. by iz frm tbe noa.sured. ourront
intend.t5r,
and as the resistance_ R j.9 lqge oouparcd, to tho agparent
resistanoe of the coil, the objeclio",
i,Fulgo
that the qiiine
frequerrcy
qpectrirn
or
consia"r"6ly
bJ.gbor
valus
ttlan
thc
Bd "
olosing {mFrrlse, couLci not holct good.
rn order to oowrter alr othor pla'sibro
ancl,possi.bLe
obJoctLons_-the prooosses rero recorted. by atr osolilographio
nothod'.
Unfortwrately.tbe
flght strenglU of tbo avallablo rathod.o
ray oeci'lrogra4rh tubes (arawrrs tubes - it was drring nar ti.ne)
did. not slfficc
to prod.uoo perfoot oscirlogranns.
douuqtroniiy,

-29-

-)

't

]r,j-

for tbo ttm belng at Lcaat, thll '{dr *.l,ob rould brtl
ooq>Iotc\r rusvcA all &Jcotionr,
bad, to bc illqlord
rltb
and. r $lamsr
loop oeotLlogrqlb
na thcrcfw
u!rd.
Ey
ohooaiag ardtablc Loope, lourtro! of crror rarp c}ldlated
ar
far ag lnsalb3.e, or at lca.ct kr4,t vlthtn vcry rneLJ. lLnite.
I'bc nort oarcfrrl planlnctrio
lncalunnaata
agaita geve tbc
asc rosultr aa tbose ottffnca d,tb tbc c.-lertncntrl
Lnat.'lLatlo
tleaor{bcd, uborc, at lca.ct Ln pr:inolplc,
crur thougb
tbc pcrocntagc <llfrf.enaoc of tbc quentity of cncrlgr ln tb.
ottcnlng end. oLoelng Lqltr1ses nr allgbtly
lccs Ln tba nearurcmntc of the oaolllogran
tbsn thosc obtdncd. fron thc thcrrpl.J.c.
It cttLl cmowrted, to an rvorage ot \fi,
ocparocl rftb 50tr f.u
tho noasunaota,
ao tbat qrora ln tbo plantretrd.o noa.gurwnte
arro not to bc asgtnocl.
.&laorr lf thao baA bal uoro\r a
coattering of tbc rcaulto, a dlifforuroo ln favour of tho oloslng
Eorowr thc
tusrulac mtrst bar! ooourred. at Lcalt onoc.
ADy
tli:ifor.enoo xas alrayr ln favour of, thc opcnlrg fuu1ac.
posslble crronE tn tb pJantmtrlo
Dsasunaxrntg ara ootnollod
antl avpicled, !V oarefirl\r
outtlng out thc flguncs proctuoed. antl
rcigblng thco on a rcst sssJ.tlvc ond. aocurato ba.lanoc.

Consequont\y thts obaenratLon oan elro be oongi.clcred as a

proof of the faot tbat an energr tllfferonco
erists.
lto
oirtunstanoe that thc peroentagc of thig ueguallty
agpearl
tban Ln tbo tbermal,
raeasurasrts
sller
b the oaolllogralftio
rtrtob at a porer froquonoy of I0O o/o assundly ylo3d a
']so for tbo rsal'etanoe
aoourate DoaD valuo, allorlng
suffiolent\r
66111sn.tily bc ogJ.ainoct by ths lng of
ratlos of tho roctifler,
tbe osoillograph Ed,
rhlob Le not ovor oapablo of rcoording
thc oonsi.clerable, but crtrome\r sbort, energr perk of tha openlrtg
oathode ray tube
thomfop,
tb lnorti.lless
i.ryulso.
, Althoug\
ms not usoal in tbcgo meaEunatrcntg as a final pmof, I oan
oonsial.or qp di.ooovely of the eaergr difforonoc betrocn the oSrenrng
ond, ol,osing lqrulse as pro{Ed. on the basia of F'rohliohrs
experi.nents.
;

that ry intuitively
A"g this also proves eldrltaneous\r,
cperlnents,
of thegc
doriveal vier, based on D{f mst pri.d.tlve
tho reador rl11 forgivo ner if I
prooosscr has prorred. ooreot,
qrsidor ry other two resultg as ootrect, futil
ner, and. above
all better explanatione are found' for the phonouena desoribod'.
Tbis a1l the more, as ry tleveloplont of tbe nSpaco norgr
receivor[ was basod on this and ra.s suooossful.

-n-

M.M.P.

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6e/veen

c_insu/ofion
orL

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