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    Scaling: Suppose We Set B C 0, But Let A and D Take On Any Positive Value

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    rajesh
    The document discusses 2D transformations including scaling, rotation, and translation using matrix representations. Scaling is represented by a diagonal matrix with scaling factors on the diagonal. Rotation is represented by a 2x2 matrix containing cosine and sine of the rotation angle. Translation is represented by adding a translation vector to the original point coordinates. These matrix representations allow combining multiple transformations by matrix multiplication.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Scaling: Suppose We Set B C 0, But Let A and D Take On Any Positive Value

    Uploaded by

    rajesh
    14 views15 pages
    The document discusses 2D transformations including scaling, rotation, and translation using matrix representations. Scaling is represented by a diagonal matrix with scaling factors on the diagonal. Rotation is represented by a 2x2 matrix containing cosine and sine of the rotation angle. Translation is represented by adding a translation vector to the original point coordinates. These matrix representations allow combining multiple transformations by matrix multiplication.

    Original Description:

    Transformations 1.1

    Original Title

    Transformations 1.1

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    The document discusses 2D transformations including scaling, rotation, and translation using matrix representations. Scaling is represented by a diagonal matrix with scaling factors on the diagonal. Rotation is represented by a 2x2 matrix containing cosine and sine of the rotation angle. Translation is represented by adding a translation vector to the original point coordinates. These matrix representations allow combining multiple transformations by matrix multiplication.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    14 views15 pages

    Scaling: Suppose We Set B C 0, But Let A and D Take On Any Positive Value

    Uploaded by

    rajesh
    The document discusses 2D transformations including scaling, rotation, and translation using matrix representations. Scaling is represented by a diagonal matrix with scaling factors on the diagonal. Rotation is represented by a 2x2 matrix containing cosine and sine of the rotation angle. Translation is represented by adding a translation vector to the original point coordinates. These matrix representations allow combining multiple transformations by matrix multiplication.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    Scaling

    Suppose we set b=c=0, but let a and


    d take on any positive value:
    Gives a scaling matrix:
    a 0
    0 d

    Provides differential scaling in x and y:


    x ax
    y dy

    Scaling
    a 0
    0 d

    x ax
    y dy

    Suppose we keep b=c=0, but let either a


    or d go negative:
    Examples:
    1 0
    0 1

    1 0
    0 1

    Now lets leave a=d=1 and


    experiment with b .
    The matrix

    b
    1gives:
    0 1

    x x by
    y y

    Effect on unit square


    Lets see how a general 2x2
    transformation M affects the unit square:
    a b
    c d

    a b
    c d

    q r s p q r s

    0 1 1 0 0 a a b b
    0 0 1 1 0 c c d d

    Effect on unit square, cont.


    Observe:
    Origin invariant under M
    M can be determined just by knowing how
    the corners (1,0) and (0,1) are mapped
    a and d give x- and y-scaling
    b and c give x- and y-shearing

    2D Scaling from the origin.


    Point P defined as P ( x, y ),
    Perform a scale (stretch) to Point P( x, y) by a factor s x along the x axis,
    and s y along the y axis.
    x s x . x,

    y s y . y

    Define the matrix


    sx
    S
    0

    P
    P

    0
    s y

    Now
    P S P or

    x s x
    y 0

    0
    .
    s y

    x
    y

    2D Rotation about the


    origin.
    y

    P(x,y)

    P(x,y)

    r
    x

    2D Rotation about the


    origin.
    y

    x r. cos( ) r. cos . cos r. sin . sin


    y r. sin( ) r. cos . sin r. sin . cos
    P(x,y)

    P(x,y)

    x r. cos
    y r. sin

    r
    x

    2D Rotation about the


    origin.
    x r. cos( ) r. cos . cos r. sin . sin
    y r. sin( ) r. cos . sin r. sin . cos
    Substituting for r :

    x r. cos
    y r. sin
    Gives us:

    x x. cos y. sin
    y x. sin y. cos

    Rotation

    Inverse Rotation

    Limitations of the 2x2


    matrix
    A 2x2 matrix allows
    Scaling
    Rotation
    Reflection
    Shearing
    Q: What important operation does that
    leave out?

    2D Translations.
    Point P defined as P( x, y ),
    translate to Point P( x, y) a distance d x parallel to x axis, d y parallel to y axis.
    x x d x y y d y
    Define the column vectors
    x

    P , P
    y

    Now
    P P T

    x
    dx
    ,T

    y
    dy

    P
    P

    2D Rotation about the


    origin.
    x x. cos y. sin
    y x. sin y. cos
    Rewriting in matrix form gives us :

    x cos
    y sin

    sin
    cos

    x
    y

    cos
    Define the matrix R
    sin

    sin
    , P R P

    cos

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