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    Chemguide - Answers: The Mass Spectrometer

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    Khondokar Tarakky
    The document summarizes key aspects of mass spectrometry. It explains that (1) a metal coil releases electrons that knock electrons off sample atoms/molecules, forming positively charged ions; (2) these ions are accelerated by a positively charged ionization chamber and deflected based on their mass/charge ratio; and (3) a detector measures the number of ions hitting it to record currents proportional to ion amounts, revealing the sample's elemental composition.

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    Chemguide - Answers: The Mass Spectrometer

    Uploaded by

    Khondokar Tarakky
    35 views1 page
    The document summarizes key aspects of mass spectrometry. It explains that (1) a metal coil releases electrons that knock electrons off sample atoms/molecules, forming positively charged ions; (2) these ions are accelerated by a positively charged ionization chamber and deflected based on their mass/charge ratio; and (3) a detector measures the number of ions hitting it to record currents proportional to ion amounts, revealing the sample's elemental composition.

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    MS How it works

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    A Mshowitworks

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    The document summarizes key aspects of mass spectrometry. It explains that (1) a metal coil releases electrons that knock electrons off sample atoms/molecules, forming positively charged ions; (2) these ions are accelerated by a positively charged ionization chamber and deflected based on their mass/charge ratio; and (3) a detector measures the number of ions hitting it to record currents proportional to ion amounts, revealing the sample's elemental composition.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    35 views1 page

    Chemguide - Answers: The Mass Spectrometer

    Uploaded by

    Khondokar Tarakky
    The document summarizes key aspects of mass spectrometry. It explains that (1) a metal coil releases electrons that knock electrons off sample atoms/molecules, forming positively charged ions; (2) these ions are accelerated by a positively charged ionization chamber and deflected based on their mass/charge ratio; and (3) a detector measures the number of ions hitting it to record currents proportional to ion amounts, revealing the sample's elemental composition.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 1

    Chemguide answers

    THE MASS SPECTROMETER


    1. a) The hot metal coil releases
    electrons which are attracted to the
    electron trap which is positively
    charged. On their way, they hit atoms
    or molecules in the sample, and knock
    one or more electrons off to give
    positive ions.
    Those ions are repelled by another
    positively charged plate on the left out
    of the slit on the right-hand side.
    b) The ionisation chamber is held at +10,000 volts. After leaving the chamber, the beam passes
    through two more slits, the last of which is at 0 volts. The positive ions are accelerated by repulsion
    from the very positively charged ionisation chamber.
    c)
    (i) Mass and charge. The heavier the ion, the less it is deflected. The higher the positive
    charge, the more it is deflected.
    (ii) Assuming that all of the ion streams have the same charge, then this must have the
    heaviest ions. To be more general about it, the least deflected ion stream will be the one with the
    highest mass/charge ratio.
    (iii) You would need to increase the magnetic field.
    d) To avoid the possibility of the ions hitting, and being deflected by, air molecules.
    e) The detector is made of metal connected to a wire. When an ion hits the metal, an electron jumps
    off the metal to neutralise the ion. Electrons flow from the wire to replace those removed from the
    detector, and this flow is seen as an electric current which can be amplified and recorded. The
    greater the number of ions arriving, the greater the current.
    2. a) m/z is the mass/charge ratio - the mass of the ion divided by its charge.
    b) Zirconium has 5 isotopes with relative isotopic masses of 90, 91, 92, 94 and 96.
    The most abundant one is Zr-90, followed by Zr-94 and Zr-92 which have similar abundances.
    Then Zr-91, and the least abundant is Zr-96
    c) You would find a similar set of peaks but at exactly half the m/z values. The heights of the peaks
    are likely to be much less than the corresponding ones with 1+ ions, because a 2+ ion is less likely
    to form than a 1+ ion.

    www.chemguide.co.uk

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