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    Simple Curve: Types of Curves

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    Nazib Ul Islam Sazib
    The document describes different types of curves used in surveying: - Circular curves include simple, compound, and reverse curves. - Parabolic/spiral curves help transition between tangent sections and circular curves or between circular curves in a compound curve. - A simple curve is an arc of a circle, with the radius determining its shape. Compound curves use two joined simple curves curving the same direction. Reverse curves use two joined simple curves curving opposite directions.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Simple Curve: Types of Curves

    Uploaded by

    Nazib Ul Islam Sazib
    114 views6 pages
    The document describes different types of curves used in surveying: - Circular curves include simple, compound, and reverse curves. - Parabolic/spiral curves help transition between tangent sections and circular curves or between circular curves in a compound curve. - A simple curve is an arc of a circle, with the radius determining its shape. Compound curves use two joined simple curves curving the same direction. Reverse curves use two joined simple curves curving opposite directions.

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    Curve

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    The document describes different types of curves used in surveying: - Circular curves include simple, compound, and reverse curves. - Parabolic/spiral curves help transition between tangent sections and circular curves or between circular curves in a compound curve. - A simple curve is an arc of a circle, with the radius determining its shape. Compound curves use two joined simple curves curving the same direction. Reverse curves use two joined simple curves curving opposite directions.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    114 views6 pages

    Simple Curve: Types of Curves

    Uploaded by

    Nazib Ul Islam Sazib
    The document describes different types of curves used in surveying: - Circular curves include simple, compound, and reverse curves. - Parabolic/spiral curves help transition between tangent sections and circular curves or between circular curves in a compound curve. - A simple curve is an arc of a circle, with the radius determining its shape. Compound curves use two joined simple curves curving the same direction. Reverse curves use two joined simple curves curving opposite directions.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 6

    Types of Curves

    • Circula r
    i. S imple
    ii. Compound
    iii. Re ve rs e
    • P a ra bolic/ S pira l
    i. Tra ns ition
    ii. Ve rtica l

    Simple Curve
    The s imple curve is a n a rc of a circle .
    It is the mos t commonly us e d. The
    ra dius of the circle de te rmine s the
    “s ha rpne s s ” or “fla tne s s ” of the
    curve . The la rge r the ra dius , the
    fla tte r” the curve .
    Compound Curve
    S urve yors ofte n ha ve to us e a
    compound curve be ca us e of the
    te rra in. This curve norma lly
    cons is ts of two s imple curve s curving
    in the s a me dire ction a nd joine d
    toge the r.

    Reverse Curve
    A re ve rs e curve cons is ts of two
    s imple curve s joine d toge the r but
    curving in oppos ite dire ctions . For
    s a fe ty re a s ons , the s urve yor s hould
    not us e this curve unle s s a bs olute ly
    ne ce s s a ry
    Spiral Curve
    The s pira l is a curve with va rying
    ra dius us e d on ra ilroa ds a nd s ome
    mode rn highwa ys . It provide s a
    tra ns ition from the ta nge nt to a
    s imple curve or be twe e n s imple
    curve s in a compound curve .

    TYPES OF CURVES

    S imple C urve
    C ompound C urve

    R
    R R
    r

    R evers e C urve
    s piral R
    R

    R R
    E as ement or
    s piral
    T rans itional C urve
    Definition and Notation of Simple Curve

    V’
    V
    PI ∆

    C
    T1
    T2
    D
    PC PT
    A B
    R
    R
    ∆/2
    ∆/2

    Design of Curve
    Arc Definition
    100 ft
    “Degree of C urve”
    C entral angle s ubtended by
    a circular AR C of 100 ft
    R R
    D/100’ = 360/ 2R = F ull circle angle / circumference D
    S o R = 5729.578 / D
    T hus , radius of 1 curve is 5729.578 ft

    C hord Definition
    “Degree of C urve”
    C entral angle s ubtended by
    a circular C HO R D of 100 ft
    S in(D /2)=50 /R
    100 ft
    R = 50 / S in(D /2)
    When D is s mall, S in(D /2) may be taken as D/2 rad R D /2 R
    R = 50/(D /2 x Π/180)= 5729.578/D
    R = 5730/D ( Approx)
    For SI Unit
    Arc Definition
    20 Meter
    “Degree of C urve”
    C entral angle s ubtended by
    a circular AR C of 20 m
    R R
    D/360 = 20/ 2R = full circle angle / circumference D
    S o R = 1145.92/ D
    R = 1146/D m ( approx)

    C hord Definition
    20 Meter
    “Degree of C urve”
    C entral angle s ubtended by R R
    a circular C H O R D of 20 m D
    S imilarly, R = 1146 /D
    If the definition is bas ed on 10 m arc length, we have
    D/ 360 = 10 / 2R
    F rom which, R = 572.958/D m
    S o, R = 573/D m

    ELEMENTS OF SIMPLE CURVE

    • L eng th of the C urve (l)


    2R /360=l/∆
    T hus , l=(R /180)x∆ [ Note, ∆ in deg]
    Arc D efinition :
    If, L ength of Arc is 100 ft for D ° Angle
    l = 100 ∆ /D
    If, L ength of Arc is 20 m for D ° Angle
    l = 20 ∆/D
    • T ang ent L eng th ( T ) :
    ∆ O T 1V
    T an ∆/2 = T / R
    T hus , T = R T an ∆/2
    L eng th of L ong C hord ( L ) :
    ∆ O T 1D
    S in (∆/2) = (L /2)/R
    T hus , L = 2R S in (∆/2)

    • A pex Dis tanc e / E xternal Dis tanc e(E ):


    E = VC = VO -O C = VO -R
    F rom ∆ VT 1O , C os ∆/2 = T 1O /VO [ T 1O = R ]
    VO = R / C os ∆/2 = R S ec ∆/2
    T hus , E = R S ec ∆/2 -R
    Mid Ordinate (M) :
    M= C D = C O -D O = R - D O
    F rom ∆ D T 1O , C os ∆/2 = D O /T 1O = D O /R
    S o, D O = R C os ∆/2
    T hus , M = R - R C os ∆/2

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