Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd
Upload
5K views

Experiment 2

This experiment investigates the law of definite composition through the reaction of copper sulfate and lead nitrate solutions. 1) Test tubes containing varying amounts of copper sulfate and a constant amount of lead nitrate produced different amounts of lead sulfate precipitate. 2) The stoichiometric point of the reaction was determined to be in test tube 2, indicating a 1:1 mole ratio between the reactants. 3) Calculations using the mole amounts and reaction coefficients allowed determination of the limiting reagent and excess reagent in each test tube.

Uploaded by

inygonzales
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as ODT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
5K views

Experiment 2

This experiment investigates the law of definite composition through the reaction of copper sulfate and lead nitrate solutions. 1) Test tubes containing varying amounts of copper sulfate and a constant amount of lead nitrate produced different amounts of lead sulfate precipitate. 2) The stoichiometric point of the reaction was determined to be in test tube 2, indicating a 1:1 mole ratio between the reactants. 3) Calculations using the mole amounts and reaction coefficients allowed determination of the limiting reagent and excess reagent in each test tube.

Uploaded by

inygonzales
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as ODT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

EXPERIMENT 2

LAW OF DEFINITE COMPOSITION

Section: JBcd Date Started:


November ,2010

Group Number: 4 Date Finished:


November ,2010

Group Members: Date


Submitted:November ,2010

Gonzales, Genevieve Rio N.

Cudia, John Eric M.

Calisin, Cherie Anne M.

Bais, Elona May

• Carlos, Fenina

Objectives:

To know the concept of limiting reagents and the stoichiometry of


chemical changes which are made use in deducing the empirical formula
of an ionic compound.

Apparatus and Materials:

Five 10 ml test tubes (equal diameter)

Medicine dropper

Wash bottle

Reagents:

0.25 M A CuSO4

1.0 M B Pb(NO3)2

Procedure:

Measure 1 ml of Reagent B Shake each test tube well


into each tes tube and and wash down precipitate
number A1 to A5. with distilled water.
Add Reagent A into each
test tube increasing 2ml.
•

• Data and Results:


Concentration of Solution A: Concentration of
Solution B:

1 2 3 4 5
Volume A 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0
(ml) CuSO4
Volume B 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
(ml)
Pb(NO3)2
mmol A 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5

mmol B 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Height ppt
(mm)
Stoichiomet
ric point Test Tube 2

Chemical
formula ppt

Limiting Pb(NO3)2 -- CuSO4 CuSO 4 CuSO4


reagent
Excess CuSO4 -- Pb(NO3)2 Pb(NO3)2 Pb(NO3)2
reagent
mmol
limiting
reagent

mmol
precipitate
mmol 0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5
excess
reagent
(how much
in excess)

Calculations:
Measure the height (in mm) of the precipitate several times around the test
tube and average these. Do the same for all the test tubes.

Graph: Plot the height of the precipitate (y-axis) against the volume of the
reagent. Determine the stoichiometric ratio.

(see graphing paper)

• Questions:

● From the results, would you consider the law of definite composition to
be valid? Explain briefly.

● Write the chemical equations involved showing the correct mole


relationship between the reactants.

CuSO4 + Pb(NO3)2 -------------> PbSO4 + Cu(NO3)2

● If solution A used was 0.125 M instead of 0.25 M and the solution B, 1 M,


in what test tube would the stoichiometric endpoint be expected?

The stoichiometric endpoint is expected at test tube A4.

(see next page for further explanation)

● A compound of the element A and oxygen of has a mole ratio A:O =2:3. If
8.0 grams of the oxide contains 2.4 grams of the oxygen,

● What is the atomic weight of A?

● What is the weight of one mole of the oxide?

● What theoretical weight of the oxide is formed when 28 grams of A is


heated in excess oxygen? What is the % yield, if 38 grams of the
oxide was produced?

(see next page for further explanation)

● The stimulant in coffee and tea is caffeine, a substance of molar mass


194 g/mol. When 0.376 g of caffeine was burned, 0.682 g of carbon
dioxide, 0.174 g of water and 0.110 g of nitrogen were formed.
Determine the empirical and molecular formulas of caffeine.
(see next page)

Generalizations:

Answers to Questions:

● If solution A used was 0.125 M instead of 0.25 M and the solution B, 1 M, in what
test tube would the stoichiometric endpoint be expected?

Given:
volume A CuSO2 = .125 M
volume B Pb(NO3)2 = 1.0 M

1 2 3 4 5
Volume A 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0
(ml) CuSO2
Volume B 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
(ml)
Pb(NO3)2
mmol A 0.25 0.5 0.75 1.0 1.25
mmol B 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Stoichiomet Test Tube 4
ric point
● The stimulant in coffee and tea is caffeine, a substance of molar mass 194 g/mol.
When 0.376 g of caffeine was burned, 0.682 g of carbon dioxide, 0.174 g of water
and 0.110 g of nitrogen were formed. Determine the empirical and molecular
formulas of caffeine.

● A compound of the element A and oxygen of has a mole ratio A:O =2:3. If 8.0
grams of the oxide contains 2.4 grams of the oxygen,

● What is the atomic weight of A?

● What is the weight of one mole of the oxide?

● What theoretical weight of the oxide is formed when 28 grams of A is


heated in excess oxygen? What is the % yield, if 38 grams of the
oxide was produced?

You might also like