Xquery Tutorial: Craig Knoblock University of Southern California

Xquery Tutorial
Craig Knoblock
University of Southern California
References
XQuery 1.0: An XML Query Language
www.w3.org/TR/xquery/
XML Query Use Cases
www.w3.org/TR/xmlquery-use-cases
Demonstration site:
http://www.cocoonhive.org/xquery/xqueryform.html
Xquery Tutorial by Fankhauser & Wadler
www.research.avayalabs.com/user/wadler/papers/
xquery-tutorial/ xquery-tutorial.pdf
Example XML Document: bib.xml
<bib>
<book year="1994">
<title>TCP/IP Illustrated</title>
<author><last>Stevens</last><first>W.</first></author>
<publisher>Addison-Wesley</publisher>
<price> 65.95</price>
</book>
<book year="1992">
<title>Advanced Programming in the Unix
environment</title>
<publisher>Addison-Wesley</publisher>
<price>65.95</price>
</book>
Example XML Document: bib.xml
<book year="2000">
<title>Data on the Web</title>
<author><last>Abiteboul</last><first>Serge</first></author>
<author><last>Buneman</last><first>Peter</first></author>
<author><last>Suciu</last><first>Dan</first></author>
<publisher>Morgan Kaufmann Publishers</publisher>
</book>
<book year="1999">
<title>The Economics of Technology and Content for Digital TV</title>
<editor> <last>Gerbarg</last><first>Darcy</first> <affiliation>CITI</affiliation>
</editor>
<publisher>Kluwer Academic Publishers</publisher>
<price>129.95</price>
</book>
</bib>
Xquery Overview
Xquery is an expression language
Every statement evaluates to some result
Let $x := 5 let $y := 6 return 10*$x+$y
Evaluates to 56
Primitive types
Number, boolean, strings, dates, times, durations,
and XML types
Derived types
Restrictions of other types (e.g., range types)
Nodes and Expressions
Various functions create or return nodes
Document function reads an XML file
document("http://www.isi.edu/info-
agents/courses/iiweb/bib.xml")/bib
We will use /bib throughout, but you must use the
expansion to run the demo
Element constructor creates a node:
<doc><par>Blah Blah</par></doc>
Use curly braces to embed Xquery expressions
inside an element constructor
Path Expressions
Xquery uses path expressions from Xpath (a
W3C standard)
Let $book :=
document(“mybook.xml)/book
return $book/chapter
/book selects the child elements named book
/book/chapter selects the child elements of
the top-level book elements
FLWR Expressions
For/Let, Where, Result Expressions
<html> {
let $book := document(“mybook.xml”)/book
for $ch in $book/chapter
where $book/chapter/num < 10
return <h2>{$ch/title}</h2>
</html>
Projection
Return the names of all authors of books
/bib/book/author
=
Project (cont.)
The same query can also be written as a for loop
/bib/book/author
=
for $bk in /bib/book return
for $aut in $bk/author return $aut
=
Selection
Return the titles of all books published before 1997
/bib/book[@year < "1997"]/title
=
environment</title>
Selection (cont.)
Return the titles of all books published before 1997
/bib/book[@year < "1997"]/title
=
for $bk in /bib/book
where $bk/@year < "1997"
return $bk/title
=
environment</title>
Selection (cont.)
Return book with the title “Data on the Web”
/bib/book[title = "Data on the Web"]
=
<book year="2000">
<author><last>Abiteboul</last><first>Serge</first></author
>
<author><last>Buneman</last><first>Peter</first></author
>
</book>
Selection (cont.)
Return the price of the book “Data on the Web”
/bib/book[title = "Data on the Web"]/price
=
How would you return the book with a price of $39.95?

Selection (cont.)
Return the book with a price of $39.95
where $bk/price = " 39.95"
return $bk
=
<book year="2000">
</book>
Construction
Return year and title of all books published before 1997
where $bk/@year < "1997"
return <book>{ $bk/@year, $bk/title }</book>
=
<book year="1994">
</book>
<book year="1992">
<title>Advanced Programming in the Unix environment</title>
</book>
Grouping
Return titles for each author
for $author in distinct(/bib/book/author/last) return
<author name={ $author/text() }>
{ /bib/book[author/last = $author]/title }
</author>
=
<author name="Stevens">
</author>
<author name="Abiteboul">
</author>
…
Join
Return the books that cost more at amazon than fatbrain
Let $amazon := document(http://www.amazon.com/books.xml),
Let $fatbrain := document(http://www.fatbrain.com/books.xml)
For $am in $amazon/books/book,
$fat in $fatbrain/books/book
Where $am/isbn = $fat/isbn
and $am/price > $fat/price
Return <book>{ $am/title, $am/price, $fat/price }<book>
Example Query 1
<bib>
{ for $b in /bib/book
where $b/publisher = "Addison-Wesley" and $b/@year > 1991
return <book year={ $b/@year }>
{ $b/title }
</book> }
</bib>
What does this do?
Result Query 1
<bib>
<book year="1994">
</book>
<book year="1992">
</book>
</bib>
Example Query 2
<results>
{ for $b in document("http://www.bn.com/bib.xml")/bib/book,
$t in $b/title,
$a in $b/author
return
<result>
{ $t }
{ $a }
</result> }
</results>
Result Query 2
<results>
<result><title>TCP/IP Illustrated</title>
<last>Stevens </last>
</result>
<result><title>Advanced Programming in the Unix environment</title>
<last>Stevens</last>
</result>
<result><title>Data on the Web</title>
<last>Abiteboul</last>
</result>
<result> <title>Data on the Web</title>
<last>Buneman</last>
</result>
<result><title>Data on the Web</title>
<last>Suciu</last>
</result>
</results>
Example Query 3
<books-with-prices>
{
for $b in document("http://www.bn.com/bib.xml")//book,
$a in document("http://www.amazon.com/reviews.xml")//entry
where $b/title = $a/title
return
<book-with-prices>
{ $b/title }
<price-amazon>{ $a/price/text() }</price-amazon>
<price-bn>{ $b/price/text() }</price-bn>
</book-with-prices>
}
</books-with-prices>
Result Query 3
<books-with-prices>
<book-with-prices>
<price-amazon>65.95</price-amazon>
<price-bn> 65.95</price-bn>
</book-with-prices>
<book-with-prices>
<price-bn>65.95</price-bn>
</book-with-prices>
<book-with-prices>
<title>Data on the Web </title>
<price-bn> 39.95</price-bn>
</book-with-prices>
</books-with-prices>
Example Query 4
<bib>
{ for $b in document("www.bn.com/bib.xml")//book
where $b/publisher = "Addison-Wesley" and $b/@year > "1991"
return <book> { $b/@year } { $b/title } </book>
sortby (title) }
</bib>
Example Result 4
<bib>
<book year="1992">
</book>
<book year="1994">
</book>
</bib>

Xquery Tutorial: Craig Knoblock University of Southern California

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Xquery Tutorial: Craig Knoblock University of Southern California

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Xquery Tutorial: Craig Knoblock University of Southern California

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Xquery Tutorial

How would you return the book with a price of $39.95?

You might also like