400KV Protection

400KV PROTECTION
PREPARED BY
GOPALA KRISHNA PALEPU
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
gk_aptransco@yahoo.co.in,
Mobile:9440336984
BASICS
OF
ONE AND HALF
CIRCUIT BREAKER
SCHEME
PREPARED BY
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
ONE & HALF BREAKER DESCRIPTION
BUS-1 1. IN THIS TWO BUSES ARE PRIOVIDED.
BUS-1 BUS-2
BUS-2
BUS-1 2. THESE TWO BUSES ARE INTER-CONNECTED BY THREE CIRCUIT BREAKERS.
BUS-1 BUS-2
BUS-2
BUS-1 3. THEY ARE DESIGNATED AS 1-52 CB, 2-52 CB, 3-52 CB.
1-52 CB
BUS-1 BUS-2
1-52 CB 3-52 CB
2-52 CB
2-52 CB
3-52 CB
BUS-2
BUS-1 4. LINE - 1 IS CONNECTED IN BETWEEN 1-52 CB & 2-52 CB.
5. LINE - 2 IS CONNECTED IN BETWEEN 3-52 CB & 2-52 CB.
1-52 CB
BUS-1 BUS-2
LINE-1
1-52 CB 3-52 CB
2-52 CB
LINE-2
2-52 CB
3-52 CB
LINE-1 LINE-2
BUS-2
BUS-1 6. LINE-1 HAVING TWO FEEDING PATHS i.e
A. VIA BUS-1 & 1-52 CB
B. VIA BUS-2, 3-52 CB & 2-52 CB
1-52 CB 7. LINE-2 HAVING TWO FEEDING PATHS i.e
A. VIA BUS-2 & 3-52 CB
B. VIA BUS-1, 1-52 CB & 2-52 CB
BUS-1 BUS-2
LINE-1
1-52 CB 3-52 CB
2-52 CB
LINE-2 2-52 CB
3-52 CB
LINE-1 LINE-2
BUS-2
BUS-1
8. FOR INTURUPTING LINE-1 THE 1-52CB AND 2-52CB IS TO BE TRIPPED.
9. FOR INTURUPTING LINE-2 THE 3-52CB AND 2-52CB IS TO BE TRIPPED.
1-52 CB
BUS-1 BUS-2
LINE-1
1-52 CB 3-52 CB
2-52 CB
LINE-2
2-52 CB
3-52 CB
LINE-1 LINE-2
BUS-2
BUS-1 10. FOR ANY PROBLEM IN LINE-1 OR LINE-2 ALONG WITH MAIN BREAKER
THE MIDDLE BREAKER OR SAY TIE BREAKER (2-52 CB) MUST TRIP.
1-52 CB
BUS-1 BUS-2
LINE-1
1-52 CB 3-52 CB
2-52 CB
LINE-2
2-52 CB
3-52 CB
LINE-1 LINE-2
BUS-2
BUS-1 11. NORMALLY IN ALL TYPES OF BUSBAR CONFIGUARATIONS ONE BREAKER
IS SUFFICIENT FOR ONE FEEDER.
12. HERE TWO FEEDERS ARE CONTROLED BY THREE BREAKERS.
13. SO THESE TWO FEEDERS CONTROLLED BY THREE CIRCUIT BREAKERS
1-52 CB IT IS CALLED ONE & HALF BREAKER SYSTEM.
BUS-1 BUS-2
LINE-1
1-52 CB 3-52 CB
2-52 CB
LINE-2
2-52 CB
3-52 CB
LINE-1 LINE-2
BUS-2
BUS-1
MAIN BAY(1ST BAY) FOR FEEDER-1

14. THE BAY BETWEEN BUS-1 & LINE-1 IS CALLED MAIN BAY FOR FEEDER-1.
1-52 CB
BUS-1 BUS-2
LINE-1

1-52 CB 3-52 CB
2-52 CB
LINE-2
2-52 CB
3-52 CB
LINE-1 LINE-2
BUS-2
BUS-1

15. THE BAY BETWEEN LINE-1 & LINE-2 IS CALLED TIE BAY FOR FEEDER-1 & 2.
1-52 CB
BUS-1 BUS-2
LINE-1
TIE BAY (2ND BAY ) FOR FEEDER-1 & 2

1-52 CB 3-52 CB
2-52 CB
LINE-2
2-52 CB
3-52 CB
LINE-1 LINE-2
BUS-2 TIE BAY (2ND BAY ) FOR FEEDER-1 & 2.
BUS-1

16. THE BAY BETWEEN BUS-2 & LINE-2 IS CALLED MAIN BAY FOR FEEDER-2.
1-52 CB
BUS-1 BUS-2
LINE-1
MAIN BAY(3RD BAY) FOR FEEDER-2

1-52 CB 3-52 CB
2-52 CB
LINE-2
2-52 CB
3-52 CB
LINE-1 LINE-2
BUS-1 17. IN THIS SYSTEM FULL DIA MEANS 2 FEEDERS CONTROLLED BY 3 CBs.

18. HALF DIA MEANS 1 FEEDER CONTROLLED BY 2 CBs.
(Nothing but Double CB System)
1-52 CB
BUS-1 BUS-2
LINE-1

1-52 CB 3-52 CB
2-52 CB
LINE-2
2-52 CB
3-52 CB
LINE-1 LINE-2
BUS-1 GOPALA KRISHNA PALEPU

ADE/MRT/ T&C/400KV SS/
O/O CE/400KV / L&SS/ VS
APTRANSCO, HYDERABAD
gk_aptransco@yahoo.co.in
1-52 CB Mobile: 9440336984
BUS-1 BUS-2
LINE-1

1-52 CB 3-52 CB
2-52 CB
LINE-2
2-52 CB
3-52 CB
LINE-1 LINE-2
SUBSTATION DESIGN/LAYOUT
(I-CONFIGUARATION)
FEEDER1 FEEDER3 FEEDER5 FEEDER7 FEEDER9 FEEDER11
BUS-1 DIA1 DIA2 DIA3 DIA4 DIA5 DIA6
BAY10
BAY13
BAY16
BAY4
BAY7
BAY1
BAY11
BAY14
BAY17
BAY8
BAY2
BAY5
BAY12
BAY18
BAY15
BAY9
BAY3
BAY6
BUS-2

(D-CONFIGUARATION)
BAY2 BAY8 BAY14
BAY13
BAY15
BAY3
BAY9
BAY1
BAY7
DIA1 DIA3 DIA5
BUS-1
BUS-2
BAY18
BAY10
BAY12
BAY6
BAY16
BAY4
DIA2 DIA4 DIA6
BAY5 BAY11 BAY17

(DOUBLE BUS & DOUBLE BREAKER SYSTEM)
FEEDER1 FEEDER3 FEEDER1 FEEDER3
BUS-1
BAY2
BAY6
BAY1
BAY5
BAY7
BAY1
BAY3
BAY5
BUS-1
BUS-2
BAY4
BAY6
BAY8
BAY2
BAY4
BAY8
BAY3
BAY7
BUS-2

FOR ECONOMICAL& RELIABULITY PURPOSE THIS SYSTEM ADOPTED IN 800KV SYSTEM
FEEDER 8 FEEDER 1 FEEDER 2
1-52 CB 2-52 CB
8-52 CB 3-52 CB
FEEDER 7
MESH / RING FEEDER 3
LAYOUT
7-52 CB 4-52 CB
6-52 CB 5-52 CB
FEEDER 6 FEEDER 5 FEEDER 4

(DOUBLE MAIN BUS & TRANSFER BUS SYSTEM)
T/F-1 T/F-2
BUS-1
BUS COUPLER
BUS-2
TRANSFER BUS
COUPLER
BAY3 BAY4 BAY5
BAY1 BAY2 TRANSFER BUS BAY6 BAY7 BAY8
FOR ECONOMICAL& RELIABULITY PURPOSE THIS SYSTEM ADOPTED IN 400 & 220 KV SYSTEM
(DOUBLE MAIN BUS & CB BYPASS ISO SYSTEM)
T/F-1 T/F-2
BAY1 BAY2 BAY4 BAY6 BAY7

BUS-1
BUS-2 BAY3 BUS COUPLER BAY5
WHEN ANY CB PROBLEM OR FOR

PREVENTIVE MAINTANENCE THEN ALL
OTHER FEEDERS SHIFTED TO
ANOTHER BUS OF FAULTED CB BUS
AND CLOSE THE BYPASS ISOLATOR,
THEN PROTECTION IS SHIFTED TO BUS
COUPLER AND OPEN THE FAULTY CB.
FOR ECONOMICAL& RELIABULITY PURPOSE THIS SYSTEM ADOPTED IN 220KV SYSTEM

(SINGLE BUS & TRANSFER BUS SYSTEM)
T/F-1 T/F-2
TRANSFER BUS
BUS-1 TRANSFER BUS COUPLER

BAY1 BAY2 BAY3 BAY4 BAY5 BAY6 BAY7
FOR ECONOMICAL& RELIABULITY PURPOSE THIS SYSTEM ADOPTED IN 220 & 132 KV SYSTEM
CT METHODS
IN
ONE AND HALF
CIRCUIT BREAKER
SCHEME
PREPARED BY
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
DIFFERENT CT METHODS OF ONE & HALF BREAKER SYSTEM
CB CB CB
3 CT METHOD
LINE AT/F
CB CB CB
4 CT METHOD
LINE AT/F
CB CB CB
5 CT METHOD
LINE AT/F
CB CB CB
LINE 6 CT METHOD
AT/F
CB CB CB
6 CT METHOD
LINE AT/F
CB CB CB
6 CT METHOD
LINE AT/F
ONE & HALF BREAKER SYSTEM
(3CT METHOD)
BUS-1 BUS-2
1-89 3-89
1-52CB 3-52CB
P2 P2
1-CT 3P1 3
P1
3-CT
1-89A 3-89A
2-CT
3
3
P1 P2
2-89A 2-52CB 2-89B
1-89L 3-89T
LINE 1
T/F-1
(4CT METHOD)
BUS-1 BUS-2
1-89 3-89
1-52CB 3-52CB
P2 P2
1-CT 3P1 3
P1
3-CT
1-89A 3-89A
2-ACT 2-BCT
3
3
P2 P1 P1 P2
2-89A 2-52CB 2-89B
1-89L 3-89T
LINE 1
T/F-1
(5CT METHOD)
BUS-1 BUS-2
1-89 3-89
1-52CB 3-52CB
P2 P2
1-CT 3P1 3 3-CT
P1
1-89A 3-89A
2-CT
3
P1 P2
2-89A 2-52CB 2-89B
1-89L 3-89T
P2 P2
1L-CT 3P1 P1
3 3T-CT
LINE 1
T/F-1
(6CT METHOD)
BUS-1 BUS-2
1-89 3-89
P2 P2
P1
3 1A-CT 3A-CT 3 P1
1-52CB 3-52CB
P1 P1
P2
3 1B-CT 3B-CT 3
P2
1-89A 3-89A
2A-CT 2B-CT
3
3
P2 P1 P1 P2
2-89A 2-52CB 2-89B
1-89L 3-89T
T/F-1
LINE 1
(6CT METHOD)
BUS-1 BUS-2
1-89 3-89
1-52CB 3-52CB
P2 P2
P1
3 1-CT 3-CT 3
P1
1-89A 3-89A
2A-CT 2B-CT
3
3
P2 P1 P1 P2
2-89A 2-52CB 2-89B
1-89L 3-89T
P2
P2
3 1L-CT
3T-CT 3 P1
P1
T/F-1
LINE 1
(6CT METHOD)
BUS-1 BUS-2
1-89 3-89
P2 P2
P1
3 1-CT P1
3 3-CT
1-52CB 3-52CB
1-89A 3-89A
2A-CT 2B-CT
3
3
P2 P1 P1 P2
2-89A 2-52CB 2-89B
1-89L 3-89T
P2
P2
3 1L-CT
3T-CT 3 P1
P1
T/F-1
LINE 1
(8CT METHOD)
BUS-1 BUS-2
1-89 3-89
P2 P2
P1
3 1A-CT 3A-CT 3 P1
1-52CB 3-52CB
P1 P1
P2
3 1B-CT 3B-CT 3
P2
1-89A 3-89A
2A-CT 2B-CT
3
3
P2 P1 P1 P2
2-89A 2-52CB 2-89B
3-89T
1-89L
P2
P2
31L-CT 3T-CT 3 P1
P1
T/F-1
LINE 1
TYPICAL ONE & HALF BREAKER
SYSTEM ADOPTED IN GIS
DS : DISCONNECTOR SWITCH, GS: GROUNDING SWITCH, CT: CURRENT TRANSFORMER, VD: VOLTAGE DIVIDER
TYPICAL ONE & HALF BREAKER
SYSTEM ADOPTED IN GIS
DS : DISCONNECTOR SWITCH, GS: GROUNDING SWITCH, CT: CURRENT TRANSFORMER, VD: VOLTAGE DIVIDER
1-1/2 CB SYSTEM
(SIEMENS VATECH)
VD VD
VD VD
GS
GS
GS
GS
GS
GS
GS
GS
CT CT CT CT CT CT
DS CB DS DS CB DS DS CB DS
CORE WISE
APLICATION OF
CTs IN
ONE AND HALF
CIRCUIT BREAKER
SCHEME
PREPARED BY
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
CURRENT TRANSFORMER
CONNECTIONS IN 3CT METHOD
1 – CT 2 – CT 3 – CT
CORE – 1 BUSBAR-1 2CT’s SECONDARIES ARE CONNECTED IN PARALLEL AND
( PS) PROTECTION CONNECTED TO MAIN PROTECTION FOR TRANSFORMER
2CT’s SECONDARIES ARE CONNECTED IN PARALLEL AND
CORE – 2 BUSBAR-1 CHECKUP
CONNECTED TO BACKUP PROTECTION AFTER LBB/BFR
( PS) PROTECTION (SPARE)
FOR TRANSFORMER
CORE – 3 SPARE METERING & ENERGY METER FOR AT/F
( 0.5 / 0.2)
CORE – 4 METERING & ENERGY METER FOR FEEDER SPARE

(0.5 / 0.2)

CORE – 5 CONNECTED TO MAIN-2 PROTECTION AFTER LBB/BFR FOR
BUSBAR-2 CHECKUP
FEEDER
CORE – 6 2CT’s SECONDARIES ARE CONNECTED IN PARALLEL AND BUSBAR-2

( PS) CONNECTED TO MAIN-1 PROTECTION FOR FEEDER PROTECTION
CURRENT TRANSFORMER
1 – CT 2 – CT 3 – CT
CORE – 1 BUSBAR-1 2CT’s SECONDARIES ARE CONNECTED IN PARALLEL AND
( PS) PROTECTION CONNECTED TO MAIN PROTECTION FOR TRANSFORMER
CORE – 2 BUSBAR-1 CHECKUP
CONNECTED TO BACKUP PROTECTION AFTER LBB/BFR
FOR TRANSFORMER
CORE – 3 METERING & ENERGY METER FOR FEEDER SPARE
(0.5 / 0.2)

CORE – 4 CONNECTED TO MAIN-2 PROTECTION AFTER LBB/BFR FOR
BUSBAR-2 CHECKUP
FEEDER
CORE – 5 2CT’s SECONDARIES ARE CONNECTED IN PARALLEL AND BUSBAR-2

( PS) CONNECTED TO MAIN-1 PROTECTION FOR FEEDER PROTECTION
BUSHING CT NORMALLY THIS SYTEM ADOPTS, WHEN ONE SIDE LINE, OTHER SIDE AUTO
TRANSFORMER / BUS REACTOR IS PROVIDED IN A DIA OF ONE AND HALF BREAKER
METERING SYSTEM, IF BUSHING CT METERING CORE IS AVAILABLE, THEN IT IS USED FOR
CORE (0.5 / 0.2) METERING & ENERGY METER FOR AT/F OR BUS REACTOR.
CURRENT TRANSFORMER
1- CT 2-BCT 2-ACT 3-CT
CT SECONDARY SPARE SPARE CT SECONDARY
CORE-1 CORE IS CORE IS
(PS) CONNECTED TO CONNECTED TO
BUSBAR-1 BUSBAR-2
PROTECTION PROTECTION
BUSBAR-1 SPARE SPARE BUSBAR-2
CORE-2 CHECKUP CHECKUP
(PS) PROTECTION PROTECTION
(SPARE) (SPARE)
2CT’s SECONDARIES ARE 2CT’s SECONDARIES ARE
CORE-3 CONNECTED IN PARALLEL AND CONNECTED IN PARALLEL AND
(0.5/0.2) CONNECTED TO CONNECTED TO
PANEL METERS & ENERGY METER PANEL METERS & ENERGY METER
CORE-4 CONNECTED IN PARALLEL AND CONNECTED IN PARALLEL AND
(PS) CONNECTED TO CONNECTED TO
MAIN-2 PROTECTION BACKUP PROTECTION
AFTER LBB/BFR AFTER LBB/BFR
CORE-5 CONNECTED CONNECTED
(PS) IN PARALLEL AND CONNECTED TO IN PARALLEL AND CONNECTED TO
MAIN-1 PROTECTION MAIN PROTECTION
CURRENT TRANSFORMER
1-CT 1-LCT 2-CT 3-TCT 3-CT
BUSBAR-1 TEED PROT-1 TEED PROT-1 TEED PROT-1 BUSBAR-2
CORE-1 PROTECTION (BAY 1&2) (BAY 2&3) (BAY 2&3) PROTECTION
(PS)
BUSBAR-1 TEED PROT-2 TEED PROT-2 TEED PROT-2 BUSBAR-2
CORE-2 CHECKUP (BAY 1&2) (BAY 2&3) (BAY 2&3) CHECKUP
(SPARE) (SPARE)
SPARE METERING & SPARE METERING & SPARE
CORE-3 ENERGY ENERGY
(0.5/0.2) METER METER
TEED PROT-2 MAIN-2 TEED PROT-2 BACKUP TEED PROT-2

CORE-4 (BAY 1&2) PROTECTION (BAY 1&2) PROTECTION (BAY 2&3)
(PS) AFTER AFTER AFTER
LBB/BFR LBB/BFR LBB/BFR
(1-52) (2-52) (3-52)
TEED PROT-1 MAIN-1 TEED PROT-1 MAIN TEED PROT-1
CORE-5 (BAY 1&2) PROTECTION (BAY 1&2) PROTECTION (BAY 2&3)
(PS)
Paralleling of 2Nos CTs to the Main-1/Main-2/Backup line protection is not required. This gives better
transient response. Separate STUB protection can be connected (Nothing BUT TEED Protection).
CURRENT TRANSFORMER
(GIS or AIS with DEAD TANK CBs)
1B-CT 1A-CT 2B-CT 2A-CT 3A-CT 3B-CT
CORE-1 BUSBAR-1 2CT’s SECONDARIES 2CT’s SECONDARIES BUSBAR-2
PROTECTION ARE CONNECTED ARE CONNECTED PROTECTION
(PS) IN PARALLEL AND IN PARALLEL AND
CONNECTED TO CONNECTED TO
MAIN-1 PROTECTION MAIN-1 PROTECTION
CORE-2 BUSBAR-1 2CT’s SECONDARIES 2CT’s SECONDARIES BUSBAR-2

CHECKUP ARE CONNECTED IN ARE CONNECTED IN CHECKUP
(PS) PROTECTION PARALLEL AND PARALLEL AND PROTECTION
(SPARE) CONNECTED TO CONNECTED TO (SPARE)
MAIN-2 PROTECTION BACKUP PROTECTION
AFTER LBB/BFR AFTER LBB/BFR
CORE-3 SPARE 2CT’s SECONDARIES 2CT’s SECONDARIES SPARE

ARE CONNECTED IN ARE CONNECTED IN
(0.5/0.2) PARALLEL AND PARALLEL AND
CONNECTED TO CONNECTED TO
PANEL METERS & PANEL METERS &
ENERGY METER ENERGY METER
CURRENT TRANSFORMER
1-CT 1L-CT 2A-CT 2B-CT 3T-CT 3-CT
CORE-1 BUSBAR-1 TEED PROT-1 SPARE SPARE TEED PROT-1 BUSBAR-2
PROTECTION (BAY 1&2) (BAY 2&3) PROTECTION
(PS)
CORE-2 BUSBAR-1 TEED PROT-2 SPARE SPARE TEED PROT-2 BUSBAR-2
CHECKUP (BAY 1&2) (BAY 2&3) CHECKUP
(SPARE) (SPARE)
CORE-3 SPARE METERING & SPARE SPARE METERING & SPARE

ENERGY ENERGY
(0.5/0.2) METER METER
CORE-4 TEED PROT-2 MAIN-2 TEED PROT-2 TEED PROT-2 BACKUP TEED PROT-2
(BAY 1&2) PROTECTION (BAY 2&3) (BAY 1&2) PROTECTION (BAY 2&3)
(PS) AFTER LBB/BFR AFTER LBB/BFR AFTER LBB/BFR
(1-52) (2-52) (3-52)
CORE-5 TEED PROT-1 MAIN-1 TEED PROT-1 TEED PROT-1 MAIN TEED PROT-1
(BAY 1&2) PROTECTION (BAY 2&3) (BAY 1&2) PROTECTION (BAY 2&3)
(PS)
CURRENT TRANSFORMER
1B-CT 1A-CT 1L-CT 2B-CT 2A-CT 3T-CT 3A-CT 3B-CT
BUSBAR-1 BUSBAR-2
CORE-1 MAIN-1
LBB PROT TEED PROT-1 LBB PROT LBB PROT TEED PROT-1 LBB PROT
MAIN-1
(BAY-1) (BAY 1&2) (BAY-2) (BAY-2) (BAY 2&3) (BAY-3)
BUSBAR-1 BUSBAR-2
CORE-2 MAIN-2
LBB PROT TEED PROT-2 TEED PROT-1 TEED PROT-2 TEED PROT-2 LBB PROT
MAIN-2
(BAY-1) (BAY 1&2) (BAY 2&3) (BAY 2&3) (BAY 2&3) (BAY-3)
CORE-3 TEED PROT-2 TEEDPROT-1 MAIN-2 TEED PROT-2 TEED PROT-1 BACKUP TEED PROT-1 TEED PROT-2
(PS) (BAY 1&2) (BAY 1&2) PROTECTION (BAY 1&2) (BAY 1&2) PROTECTION (BAY 2&3) (BAY 2&3)
CORE-4 TEED-1 FOR BAY-1 & 2 IS: MAIN-1 MAIN TEED-1 FOR BAY-2 & 3 IS:
SOME TIMES DUPLICATED
(PS) 1L-CT, 1A-CT & 2A-CT PROTECTION
BUSBAR PROTECTION WITH
PROTECTION 3T-CT, 3A-CT & 2B-CT
DUPLICATE LBB IS REQUIRED

CORE-5 TEED-2 FOR BAY-1 & 2 IS: METERING & METERING & TEED-2 FOR BAY-2 & 3 IS:
ENERGY ENERGY
(0.5/0.2) 1L-CT, 1B-CT & 2B-CT
METER METER
3T-CT, 3B-CT & 2A-CT
CT CORES
CONEECTION
DIAGRAMS IN
ONE AND HALF
CIRCUIT BREAKER
SCHEME
PREPARED BY
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
BUS
3
3
3
3
1-89
/ CVT
3 2 1
BB-EVT
1-52CB
P2
1
BUS BAR PROTECTION 3

2
BUS BAR CHECKUP PROT 3

3
METERING 3
1-CT
CORES
4
MAIN-2/BACKUP PROTECTION 3
5
MAIN-1 PROTECTION 3
P1
SINGLE BUS SYSTEM
1-89L
3
2
3
3
3
3
1-CVT
ONE & HALF BREAKER ( 3 CT METHOD) WITH PROTECTION SCHEME
87BB1
BUSBAR-1
79
CVT 21M1 VL1
VBB1 VBB1 25
VL1 / VL2 BF
OR VBB2
VL1
87L 21M2 CVT VL1
FEEDER1 / LINE1
79
VL1 / VBB1
25
VL2 / VBB2
BF
FEEDER2 / LINE2
MAIN-1 CVT VL2
BF PROTECTION OF LINE2
MAIN-2
(OR TRANSFORMER, IF APPLICABLE)
VL2 / VL1 79
VBB2 OR VBB1
CVT
25
VBB2
FOR TRANSFORMER PROTECTION &
BUSBAR-2 METERING VOLTAGE SELECTION RELAYS
87BB2 FOR BUS-1, BUS-2& LINE ARE PROVIDED .
87BB1
BUSBAR-1
79
CVT 21M1 VL1
VBB1 VBB1 25
VL1 / VL2 BF
OR VBB2
VL1
87L 21M2 CVT VL1
FEEDER1 / LINE1
79
VL1 / VBB1
25 BF
VL2 / VBB2
FEEDER2 / LINE2
MAIN-1 CVT VL2

PROTECTION OF LINE2
BF MAIN-2
VL2 / VL1 79
VBB2 OR VBB1
CVT
25
VBB2
87BB1
BUSBAR-1
CVT 21M1 VL1

VBB1
BF
79
VBB1 25 VL1
87L 21M2 CVT VL1
VL1 / VL2
OR VBB2 FEEDER1 / LINE1
79
VL1 / VBB1
25 BF
VL2 / VBB2
FEEDER2 / LINE2
CVT VL2
MAIN-1
PROTECTION OF LINE2
VL2 / VL1 79 BF MAIN-2
VBB2 OR VBB1
CVT
25
VBB2
87BB1
BUSBAR-1
21M1 VL1
79
CVT 87 TD1 HZ
VBB1 VBB1 25
VL1
VL1 / VL2 87L 21M2
.
BF 87 TD2 LZ
OR VBB2
CVT VL1
FEEDER1 / LINE1
79
VL1 / VBB1
25
VL2 / VBB2
BF
FEEDER2 / LINE2
. MAIN-1
CVT VL2
BF 87 TD2 LZ
PROTECTION OF LINE2
VL2 / VL1 79 (OR TRANSFORMER, IF APPLICABLE)
VBB2 OR VBB1 MAIN-2
CVT 87 TD1 HZ
25
VBB2
87BB1
BUSBAR-1
21M1 VL1
79
CVT 87 TD1 HZ
VBB1 VBB1 25
VL1
VL1 / VL2 87L 21M2
.
BF 87 TD2 LZ
OR VBB2
CVT VL1
FEEDER1 / LINE1
79
VL1 / VBB1
25
VL2 / VBB2 BF
FEEDER2 / LINE2
. MAIN-1
CVT VL2
BF 87 TD2 LZ
PROTECTION OF LINE2
VL2 / VL1 79 (OR TRANSFORMER, IF APPLICABLE)
VBB2 OR VBB1 MAIN-2
CVT 87 TD1 HZ
25
VBB2
87BB1
BUSBAR-1
21M1 VL1
CVT 87 TD1 HZ
VBB1
BF VL1
87L 21M2
87 TD2 LZ
79
CVT VL1
VBB1 25
VL1 / VL2 FEEDER1 / LINE1
OR VBB2
79
VL1 / VBB1
25
VL2 / VBB2 BF
FEEDER2 / LINE2
VL2 / VL1 79
OR VBB1
CVT VL2
25 MAIN-1
VBB2 87 TD2 LZ
PROTECTION OF LINE2
BF (OR TRANSFORMER, IF APPLICABLE)
VBB2
MAIN-2
CVT 87 TD1 HZ
CVT VBB1 (WITH LATEST CONCEPT)
BUSBAR-1
VL1 / VL2
OR VBB2 VL1
25 21M1
VBB1
79
BF VL1
87L 21M2 CVT VL1
FEEDER1 / LINE1
87BB
VL1 / VBB1
VL2 / VBB2
IN THIS CONCEPT FOR ONE & HALF BREAKER SYSTEM
A NEW RELAY DEVELOPED WHICH INCLUDES
25 AUTO RECLOSURE + CHECK SYN + LBB RELAY(79+25+50).
FROM THIS RELAY TO BUSBAR RELAY
79 ONLY FIBRE OPTIC CONNECTION(NO PHYSICAL).
THE DATA WILL BE COMMUNICATED BETWEEN 87BB & LBB.
BF IN THIS 1+1 DUPLICATED BUSBAR PROTECTION IS ADOPTED.
87BB
FEEDER2 / LINE2
CVT VL2
BF MAIN-1
PROTECTION OF LINE2
79 (OR TRANSFORMER, IF APPLICABLE)
MAIN-2
VBB2
25
VL2 / VL1
OR VBB1 FOR TRANSFORMER PROTECTION &
FOR BUS-1, BUS-2& LINE ARE PROVIDED .
CVT VBB2
NEW CONCEPT
NUMERICAL BUSBAR SCHEME INCL LBB/BFR/CBF
(DECENTRALISED & CENTRALISED CONCEPTS)
DECENTRALISED CONCEPT CENTRALISED CONCEPT
(REB 500) ABB
NUMERICAL CENTRALISED CONCEPT

FO
LBB
87 BUSBAR DIFFERENTIAL RELAY

MAIN CB LBB
OR
(7 SS 52) SIEMENS
FO
OR LBB OR
TIE CB LBB
OR
(MICOM P740) AREVA
MAIN CB LBB
FO LBB
LBB TO BUSBAR
DIGITAL COMMUNICATION LBB INBUILT FEATURE
COMPARISION BETWEEN DIFFERENT CT METHODS
CT 3 CT 4 CT 6 CT (S) 5 CT 6 CT (T1) 6 CT (T2)
PURPOSE METHOD METHOD METHOD METHOD METHOD METHOD
BUSBAR & 1 CT 1 CT 1B CT 1 CT 1 CT 1 CT
BUSBAR
ABOVE FOR BUS-1 & BELOW FOR BUS-2
CHECKUP
PROTECTION 3 CT 3 CT 3B CT 3 CT 3 CT 3 CT
MAIN-1 1 - CT & 2 - CT 1 CT & 2 B - CT 1 A – CT & 2 B – CT 1 L - CT 1 L - CT 1 L - CT
MAIN-2
ABOVE CT SECONDARIES ARE CONNECTED PARALLEL FOR FEEDER-1 ABOVE FOR FEEDER-1
PROTECTION
&
BELOW CT SECONDARIES ARE CONNECTED PARALLEL FOR FEEDER-2 BELOW FOR FEEDER-2
METERING 3 - CT & 2 – CT 3 - CT & 2 A - CT 3 A - CT & 2 A - CT 3 L - CT 3 L - CT 3 L – CT
STUB-1 & STUB-2 PROTECTION TEED-1 & TEED-2 PROTECTION
FOR LINE & AT/F FOR LINE & AT/F
ADDITIONAL
PROTECTION STUB-1 & STUB-2 PROTECTION IS A NORMALLY INBUILT TEED–1 IS NORMALLY HIGH IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL RELAY &
AVAILABLE PROTECTION FOR MAIN-1 & MAIN-2 RELAYS, IN CASE OF LATEST TEED-2 IS NORMALLY LOW IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL RELAY.
NUMERICAL RELAYS. STUB PROTECTION WORKS WHEN LINE THESE ARE NOT INBUILT FUNCTIONS OF MAIN-1 & MAIN-2
ISOLATOR OPEN CONDITION ONLY. RELAYS.
A FAULT BETWEEN CIRCUIT BREAKERS AND CT (END FAULT) MAY THEN STILL BE FED FROM ONE SIDE
BLIND EVEN WHEN THE BREAKER HAS BEEN OPENED. CONSEQUENTLY, FINAL FAULT CLEARING BY CASCADED
ZONE TRIPPING HAS TO BE ACCEPTED IN THIS CASE. THIS SITUATION LBB/BFR OPERATES AND TIME TAKEN TO
CLEAR FAULT IS ABOUT 300 mSECs. THIS IS BLIND ZONE AREA.
MINIMUM CT TIE CB BLIND ZONE MAIN CB & TIE CB BLIND ZONE FOR TIE CB BLIND ZONE TIE CB BLIND ZONE
METHOD. REDUCING AREA IS TAKEN BLIND ZONE AREA IS MAIN CB & TIE CB AREA IS TAKEN CARE AREA IS TAKEN CARE
THE COST OF CTs CARE. TAKEN CARE
ADVANTAGES WHEN THE FAULT IS TAKEN PLACE BETWEEN THE WHEN THE FAULT IS TAKEN PLACE BETWEEN THE MAIN CB, TIE CB &
MAIN CB, TIE CB & LINE ISOLATOR, DURING SERVICE LINE ISOLATOR DURING SERVICE ONLY, TEED PROTECTION IN
ONLY, DISTANCE SCHEME SHOULD TAKE CARE. ADDITION TO DISTANCE SCHEME SHOULD TAKE CARE.
400KV C.T. INFORMATION
P1 P2
PRIMARY CONNECTIONS : P1 – P2
CURRENT RATING : 2000 AMPS
SECONDARY CONNECTIONS P1 P2
CORES CLASS PURPOSE CURRENT RATING : 1A
2000/ 1A 1000/ 1A 500/ 1A
BUSBAR 1S1 – 1S2 __ 5S1
CORE-1 PS 1S1 – 1S3
U
3
1S1
3
5S2
PROTECTION 1S2 – 1S3 1S2
1S3
5S3
5S4
3
4S1
BUSBAR
U
2S1 3
2S2 4S2
2S1 – 2S2 2S3 4S3
CORE-2 PS CHECKUP 2S1 – 2S3 __ U 4S4
3
2S2 – 2S3 1 1
5S S2
PROTECTION
3
1S S1
3S4
3S2
3S3
3S1
1S 2
3 5 S3
5 S4
U
3
3S1 – 3S3 3S1 – 3S2

5
HAIR
4S1
CORE-3 0.5 / 0.2 METERING 3S1 – 3S4
U
PIN /
3
3 4S2
3S4 – 3S2 3S4 – 3S3 2S12
2S 3
4S3
2S
U 4S4
U SHAPE
3
MAIN-2 4S1 – 4S3 4S1 – 4S2 DESIGN
3S4
3S2
3S3
3S1
PROTECTION 4S4 – 4S2 4S4 – 4S3
EYE BOLT
MAIN-1 5S1 – 5S3 5S1 – 5S2 DESIGN
PROTECTION 5S4 – 5S2 5S4 – 5S3 DEAD TANK DESIGN
MAIN-1, MAIN-2
PROTECTION &
METERING
FOR LINE
ADOPTED IN
ONE AND HALF
CIRCUIT BREAKER
SCHEME PREPARED BY
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
NORMS OF PROTECTION FOLLOWED IN APTRANSCO
FOR TRANSMISIION LINES & DISTRIBUTION LINES ( FEEDER / LINE PROTECTION )
Sr.No VOLTAGE MAIN- 1 PROTECTION MAIN-2 PROTECTION/ BACKUP PROTECTION
1. 11 KV LINES 2 O/L + E/F ( 51 + 51N ) -
2. 33 KV LINES 3 O/L + E/F ( 51 + 51N ) -
3. 66 KV LINES SWITCHED DISTANCE SCHEME OR DIRECTIONAL O/L & E/F RELAYS WITH HIGH
4. 132 KV LINES NUMERICAL DISTANCE SCHEME (21P+ 21N) SET ( 67 + 67N )
NON SWITCHED DISTANCE SCHEME OR SWITCHED DISTANCE SCHEME OR
5. 220 KV LINES NUMERICAL DISTANCE SCHEME (21P + 21N) NUMERICAL DISTANCE SCHEME (21P+ 21N)
6. 400 KV LINES NUMERICAL DISTANCE SCHEME (21P + 21N) NUMERICAL DISTANCE SCHEME (21) OR LINE
+ in BUILT DEF RELAY(67N) DIFFERENTIAL SCHEME (87L) WITH 67N
7. 765 KV LINES NUMERICAL DISTANCE SCHEME (21P + 21N) NUMERICAL DISTANCE SCHEME (21) OR LINE
+ in BUILT DEF RELAY(67N) DIFFERENTIAL SCHEME (87L) WITH 67N
IF MAIN-1 & MAIN-2 ARE NUMERICAL RELAYS, BOTH SHOULD BE SEPARATE MEASURING PRINCIPLES (CHARECTERESTICS), MODELS
AND ALGORITHAMS (SHOULD NOT BE DUPLICATED) AND ALL FEATURES SHOULD BE AVAILABLE IN BOTH SCHEMES AND BOTH RELAYS
SHOULD BE 100% REDENDENCY IN ALL ASPECTS ( COMPLEMENTARY TO EACH OTHER ) . DISSIMILAR CARRIER SCHEMES ARE TO BE
SELECTED ( POTT & PUTT or BLOCK & UNBLOCK). OTHER WISE MAIN-2 MAY BE DIFFERENT MAKE OR PHASE COMPARISION
PROTECTION/LINE DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION WITH BACKUP DISTANCE PROTECTION IS TO BE ADOPTED. BOTH M1 & M2 SHOULD
CONTAIN DIRECTIONAL EARTH FAULT PROTECTION (67N) WITH DIRECTIONAL COMPARISION PICKUP SCHEME AS INBUILT FUNCTION.
ZONE-1: 80% OF MAIN LINE
ZONE-2: 100% OF MAIN LINE + 50% OF SHORTEST LINE AT OTHER END
ZONE-3: 100% OF MAIN LINE + 100% OF SHORTEST LINE AT OTHER END
ZONE-4: 100% OF MAIN LINE + (100% OF SHORTEST LINE + 20% OF LONGEST LINE) AT OTHER END.
MAIN-1 PROTECTION FOR LINE
(4CT METHOD)
P2 P2 P2 CT MB
IR5 / A511 VR11 / E111
IY5 / A531 VY11 / E131
1-CT
IB5 / A551 REL 521 VB11 / E151
CORE-5 3 3 3
5S4 5S4 5S4 VN11 / E171
ACTIVE START TRIP
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 5S2 5S2 5S2 IN5 / A571
CLASS: PS 1-CVT
CORE – 1
DISPLAY
6 CT METHOD : 1-ACT & 2-BCT
4 CT METHOD : 1-CT & 2-BCT
200VA
3 CT METHOD : 1-CT & 2-CT
CLASS: 3P
C
E
CT MB
2-BCT
5S2
CORE-5 5S2
3 3 3 5S2
5S4 5S4 5S4

CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A
CLASS: PS
P2 P2 P2
(4CT METHOD) (NEW DEVELOPMENT)
P2 P2 P2 CT MB
IR5 / A511 IA =250.10 A VR11 / E111 1-CVT
IY5 / A531 IB =250.10 A VY11 / E131 CORE – 1
1-CT
IB5 / A551 IC =250.10 A VB11 / E151
200VA
CORE-5 3 3 3
5S4 5S4 5S4
VAB =400.0 KV VN11 / E171
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A IN5 / A571 CLASS: 3P
5S2 5S2 5S2
VBC =400.0 KV
CLASS: PS VCA =400.0 KV
ESC ENT
CT MB ENABLED
TARGET
TRIP RESET
INST PH-A
2-BCT IN5 / A571 TIME PH-B
COMM PH-C
CORE-5 5S2
3 3 3 5S2 5S2 SOTF GND
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 5S4 5S4 5S4
IB5 / A551 ZONE1 50
ZONE2 51
CLASS: PS IY5 / A531 ZONE3 79 RESET
ZONE4 79 LOCKOUT
IR5 / A511
SEL- 421
P2 P2 P2 SEL PROTECTION
AUTOMATION
CONTROL
(5CT METHOD)
P2 P2 P2 CT MB
IR5 / A511 VR11 / E111
IY5 / A531 VY11 / E131
1-LCT
IB5 / A551 REL 521 VB11 / E151
CORE-5 3 3 3
5S4 5S4 5S4 VN11 / E171
ACTIVE START TRIP
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 5S2 5S2 5S2 IN5 / A571
CLASS: PS 1-CVT
CORE – 1
DISPLAY 200VA
CLASS: 3P
C
E
(4CT METHOD)
50Z
P2 P2 P2 CT MB
IR4 / C411 VR21 / E211
1-CT RAICA IY4 / C431 VY21 / E231

IB4 / C451 REL 316 VB21 / E251
CORE-4 3 3 3
4S4 4S4 4S4 LBB / BFR VN21 / E271
ACTIVE START TRIP
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 4S2 4S2 4S2 IN4 / C471
CLASS: PS 1-CVT
CORE – 2
DISPLAY
200VA
CLASS: 3P
C
E
CT MB
2-BCT
CORE-4 4S2
3 3 3 4S2 4S2
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 4S4 4S4 4S4
CLASS: PS RAICA
LBB / BFR
P2 P2 P2 50ZT
(4CT METHOD) ( NEW DEVELOPMENT)
P2 P2 P2 CT MB
IR4 / C411 VR21 / E211 1-CVT
IY4 / C431 VY21 / E231 CORE – 2
1-CT
IB4 / C451 VB21 / E251
200VA
CORE-4 3 3 3
4S4 4S4 4S4 VN21 / E271
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 4S2 4S2 4S2 IN4 / C471 CLASS: 3P
CLASS: PS
CT MB
2-BCT
IN4 / C471
CORE-4 4S2
3 3 3 4S2 4S2
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 4S4 4S4 4S4

IB4 / C451
CLASS: PS IY4 / C431
IR4 / C411
P2 P2 P2
MULTI FUNCTION NUMERICAL RELAY FOR
MULTI BREAKER, MULTI CT & CVT/PT APPLICATION
(NEW APPLICATION) (ONE & HALF BREAKER SYSTEM or RING BUS SYSTEM)
3
1-52 CB 2-52 CB 3-52 CB
3
3
BUS-1 PT BUS-2 PT
3
3
59 50 BF-1 50 BF-2
79-1 79-2 25-1 25-2
1-52,2-52: MAIN & TIE CIRCUIT BREAKER

21P 50P 51P 67P 21P: PHASE DISTANCE PROTECTION
27 21N: GROUND DISTANCE PROTECTION
27: UNDER VOLTAGE RELAY
21N 50N 51N 67N
67: DIRECTIONAL RELAY
50: INST OVER CURRENT RELAY
51: TIME OVER CURRENT RELAY
59: OVER VOLTAGE RELAY
3
3 64: EARTH FAULT RELAY
50BF-1: LBB/BFR OF MAIN CB
LINE CVT 50BF-2: LBB/BFR OF TIE CB
79-1,2: AUTO RECLOSURE RELAY OF
MAIN & TIE CB
25-1,2: CHECK SYNCHRONISAM RELAY
LINE FOR MAIN & TIE CB
(5CT METHOD)
P2 P2 P2 CT MB
IR4 / C411 VR21 / E211
IY4 / C431 VY21 / E231
1-LCT
IB4 / C451 REL 316 VB21 / E251
CORE-4 3 3 3
4S4 4S4 4S4 VN21 / E271
ACTIVE START TRIP
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 4S2 4S2 4S2 IN4 / C471
CLASS: PS 1-CVT
CORE – 2
DISPLAY 200VA
CLASS: 3P
C
E
MULTI FUNCTION PANEL METERING & ENERGY METER
(4CT METHOD)
P2 P2 P2 CT MB
IR3 / D311
IY3 / D331
1-CT
IB3 / D351
CORE-3 3 3 3
3S4 3S4 3S4
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 3S2 3S2 3S2 IN3 / D371
CLASS: 0.5
CT MB
VR31 / E311
VY31 / E331
2-BCT VB31 / E351
VN31 / E371
CORE-3 3S2 3S2
3 3 3 3S2
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 3S4 3S4 3S4

1-CVT
CLASS: 0.5 CORE – 3
100VA
P2 P2 P2 CLASS: 0.5/0.2
MULTI FUNCTION PANEL METERING & ENERGY METER
(5CT METHOD)
P2 P2 P2 CT MB
IR3 / D311
IY3 / D331
1-LCT
IB3 / D351
CORE-3 3 3 3
3S4 3S4 3S4
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 3S2 3S2 3S2
CLASS: 0.5/0.2
IN3 / D371
VR31 / E311
VY31 / E331
VB31 / E351
VN31 / E371
1-CVT
CORE – 3
100VA
CLASS: 0.5/0.2
LBB & BUSBAR
PROTECTION
SCHEMES
ADOPTED IN
ONE AND HALF
CIRCUIT BREAKER
SCHEME PREPARED BY
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
BASICS OF LBB/BFR PROTECTION
LOCAL BREAKER BACKUP PROTECTION
A PROTECTION WHICH IS DESIGNED TO CLEAR A SYSTEM
FAULTY BY INITIATING TRIPPING OTHER CIRCUIT BREAKER(S) IN
THE CASE OF FAILURE TO TRIP OF THE APPROPRIATE CIRCUIT
BREAKER.
IN MODERN NETWORKS THE CRITICAL FAULT CLEARING
TIME MAY BE LESS THAN 200ms. HENCE, IF THE FAULT IS NOT
CLEARED DUE TO FAILURE OF THE PRIMARY PROTECTIVE RELAYS
OR THEIR ASSOCIATED CIRCUIT BREAKER, A FAST ACTING BACK-
UP PROTECTIVE RELAY MUST CLEAR THE FAULT.
THERE ARE TWO BASIC FORMS.
REMOTE BACK-UP.
LOCAL BACK-UP.
REMOTE BACK-UP
PROVIDES BACK-UP PROTECTION FOR THE BOTH THE
RELAYS (MAIN-1 & MAIN-2) AND BREAKERS AT REMOTE
SUBSTATION.
LOCAL BACK-UP
LOCAL BACK-UP PROTECTION CAN BE DEVIDED INTO TWO
CATAGORIES.
RELAY BACK-UP
BREAKER BACK-UP
RELAY BACK-UP
z DUPLICATE PRIMARY PROTECTION. i.e ONE IS NON SWITCHED
DISTANCE PROTECTION AND ANOTHER IS SWITCHED DISTANCE
SCHEME OR OTHER WISE BOTH SCHEMES CHARECTERSTICS ARE
DIFFERENT (QUADRALATERAL, MHO CIRCULAR, TAMOTO & OPTICAL )
OR DIFFERENT MANUFACTURERS(ABB, ALSTOM, SIEMENS, EASUN
REYROLL, SEL, GE, NXT PHASE OR BASLER) OR DIFFERENT METHODS (i.e
ELECTROMECHANICAL, STATIC, NUMERICAL{MICROPROCESSOR &DSP}).
IF MAIN-1 & MAIN-2 ARE NUMERICAL RELAYS BOTH SHOULD BE
SEPARATE CHARECTERESTICS AND SEPARATE MODELS AND ALL
FEATURES SHOULD BE AVAILABLE IN BOTH SCHEMES AND BOTH
RELAYS SHOULD BE 100% REDENDENCY IN ALL ASPECTS.
TO INCREASE THE SECURITY, THE CIRCUIT BREAKER HAS TWO
TRIP COILS, ONE IS CONNECTED TO MAIN-1 PROTECTION AND ANOTHER
IS CONNECTED TO MAIN-2 PROTECTION.
BREAKER BACK-UP
BECAUSE OF THE HIGH COST OF HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT
BREAKERS, IT IS NOT FEASIBLE TO DUPLICATE THEM.
IN CASE OF A BREAKER FAILURE THE OTHER CIRCUIT BREAKERS
CONNECTED TO THE SAME BUS AS THE FAULTED BREAKER MUST THERE
FORE BE TRIPPED.
LBB/BFR FLOW CHART
MAIN TRIP
RESET
PROTECTION YES FAULT YES BREAKER
MAIN CLEARED
OPERATED BREAKER
FAILURE
SCHEME
NO
RETRIP
TRIP
YES WAIT FOR BACK-UP/
INITIATE FAULT AND
BFR Adjacent
CLEARENCE BREAKERS
The Breaker Failure Protection (LBB/BFR) can operate single-stage/two-stage.

When used as single-stage protection, the Bus trip command is given to the
adjacent Circuit Breakers if the protected feeder Breaker fails.
When used as two-stage protection, the first stage can be used to repeat the
trip command to the relevant feeder Breaker, normally on a different trip coil, if
the initial trip command from the feeder protection is not successful. The
second stage will result in a Bus trip to the adjacent Breakers, if the command
of the first stage is not successful.
LBB/BFR TIME CO-ORDINATION CHART
FAULT OCCURS
NORMAL CLEARING TIME

NORMAL
CLEARING
PROTECTIVE RELAY RESETTING TIME OF THE
FOR EX: DISTANCE RELAY CURRENT MEASURING UNITS
BREAKER
INTURUPTING TIME MARGIN
~30ms ~60ms <12ms
SET TIME OF THE TIME MEASURING UNIT TRIPPING BACK-UP BREAKER MARGIN
RELAY INTERUPTING TIME
TIME
BREAKER FAILURE RELAY START

INOPERATIVE
BREAKER
TOTAL CLEARING TIME OF THE BREAKER FAILURE RELAY
MAXIMUM FAULT CLEARING TIME BEFORE SYSTEM INSTABILITY

LBB/BFR LOGIC LED
A/D
CURRENT INPUTS (PHASE START)
CONVERTER PHASE CURRENT SET POINT
ALARM RELAY
~
PHASE L1
(PHASE START)
I > ISET &
PHASE L2/E
>1
PHASE L3 I > ISET &
||| ALARM RELAY
EARTH CURRENT SET POINT
(EARTH START)
OUT PUT OF DISTANCE RELAY OR
SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT RELAY LED
(EARTH START)
BINARY INPUT
CIRCUIT BREAKER FAILURE INITIATE
TIMING/OUTPUT TRIP T1
TIME STAGE T1 RELAY
STAGE
& LED
0 1
ALARM T1
TIME STAGE T2 & RELAY
SWITCHED OFF
>1 TRIP T2
TIME STAGE T2
RELAY
O&
LED
0 1 LED
CB FAILURE
INITIATE
LBB/BFR PROTECTION
LINE1 AT/F-1
BUS-1 1-52CB 2-52CB 3-52CB BUS-2
50Z 50ZT 50Z

¾ LBB/BFR IS LOCAL BREAKER BACKUP PROTECTION/ BREAKER FAILURE RELAY.
¾ 1No RELAY IS PROVIDED FOR EACH BREAKER.
¾ THIS IS CURRENT OPERATED RELAY.
¾ THIS RELAY IS ENERGISED WHEN MASTER TRIP RELAY(86-A OR/AND 86-B)
OPERATES OR SINGLE PHASE TRIP RELAYS OPERATES AND GIVEN SIGNAL TO BREAKER FOR TRIP.
¾ IN THIS RELAY TIME DELAY IS PROVIDED.
¾ THIS RELAY OPERATES WHEN THE BREAKER IS UNDER TROUBLE/ FAILS TO OPERATE.
¾ AFTER ENERGISED THE RELAY AND TIME DELAY COMPLETES, EVEN CURRENT IS THERE THIS THINKS
BREAKER FAIL TO OPERATE AND GIVEN SIGNAL AS PER SCHEME DESCRIBED NEXT PRESENTATION.
¾ NEW CONCEPT: Normally the CT connections for LBB/BFR relay is in series with Main-2 Protection.
In case of Numerical Distributed LBB/BFR and Centralized Bus-Bar System, the CT connections for
Bus-Bar are terminated at LBB/BFR and Centralized Bus-Bar is interconnected by Fiber-Optic
cable.
1-52 CB LBB/BFR OPERATION
ABB
86-A
86-A
REL521
MAIN-1
ABB
86-B
86-B
REL316
MAIN-2
DIRECT TRIP 1&2 50Z

VIA CARRIER TO
OTHER END
BUSBAR-1
PROTECTION OPTD
TO 86-B TRIP RELAY
AND BUSBAR-1
OF TIE CB(2-52CB)
ISOLATED
1-52CB 2-52CB 3-52CB

TC-1 TC-2 TC-2 TC-1
BUS-1 BUS-2
Breaker Failure Relay of the Main Circuit Breaker Trips the Connected Bus, Tie Circuit
Breaker, and Remote End Circuit Breaker
ABB ABB
86-A
REL521 RET521
MAIN-1 MAIN-1
ABB ABB
86-B
REL316 RET316
MAIN-2 MAIN-2
50ZT
DIRECT TRIP 1&2 INTER TRIP TO
VIA CARRIER LVCB & TBCCB
TO OTHER END
TO 86-B TRIP RELAY TO 86-B TRIP RELAY

OF LINE CB(1-52CB) OF AT/F(ICT) CB (3-52CB)
1-52CB 2-52CB 3-52CB

TC-1 TC-2
BUS-1 BUS-2
Breaker Failure Relay of the Tie Circuit Breaker Trips the Both Main Circuit Breakers
and Remote End Circuit Breakers ( In case of Transformer LV Circuit Breaker)
ABB
86-A
86-A
RET521
MAIN-1
ABB
86-B
86-B
RET316
MAIN-2
50Z
INTER TRIP TO
LV CB & TBC CB
BUSBAR-2
PROTECTION OPTD
TO 86-B TRIP RELAY
AND BUSBAR-2
OF TIE CB(2-52CB)
ISOLATED
1-52CB 2-52CB 3-52CB

TC-1 TC-2 TC-2 TC-1
BUS-1 BUS-2
Breaker Failure Relay of the Main Circuit Breaker Trips the Connected Bus, Tie Circuit
Breaker, and Remote End Circuit Breaker ( In case of Transformer LV Circuit Breaker)
BASICS OF BUSBAR PROTECTION
NEED FOR BUSBAR PROTECTION
¾ IN ITS ABSENCE FAULT CLEARING TAKES PLACE IN ZONE-2 OF DISTANCE RELAY BY
REMOTE END TRIPPING.
¾ THIS MEANS SLOW AND UNSELECTIVE TRIPPING AND WIDE SPREAD BLACKOUT.
EFFECT OF DELAYED CLEARENCE
¾ GREATER DAMAGE AT FAULT POINT.
¾ INDIRECT SHOCK TO CONNECTED EQUIPMENT LIKE SHAFTS OF GENERATOR AND
WINDINGS OF TRANSFORMER.
BASIC THEORY
¾ KIRCHOFF’s CURRENT LAW STATES THAT THE SUM OF THE CURRENTS ENTERING A
GIVEN NODE MUST BE EQUAL TO THE CURRENTS LEAVING AT THAT NODE.
BUS BAR PROTECTION SYSTEMS
1. HIGH IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION
2. MODERATE-IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION
3. LOW-IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION
4. NUMERICAL BUS DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION
HIGH IMPEDENCE DIFFERENCIAL PROTECTION
THE HIGH IMPEDENCE PROTECTION SCHEME, ON THE OTHER HAND, IS A GOOD SOLUTION FOR
SINGLE BUSBAR ARRANGEMENTS , ONE & HALF BREAKER SYSTEMS OR RING BUSBARS, PROVIDING
THAT APPROPRIATE DEDICATED CT CORES ARE AVAILABLE FOR THIS USE ALONE. IT IS SENSTIVE,
STABLE & FAST PROTECTION.
HOWEVER, SPECIAL CT REQUIREMENTS, ADDITIONAL HIGH VOLTAGE DEVICE PROTECTION,
DEMANDING MAINTANENCE etc PUT RESTRICTIONS IN ITS APPLICATIONS.
A MEASURING CIRCUIT COMPRISES A HIGH-IMPEDENCE STABILIZING RESISTOR CONNECTED
ACROSS THE CIRCULATING CURRENT ARRANGEMENT OF ALL THE CTs IN PARALLEL. THE VALUE
OF THE STABILIZING RESISTOR IS CHOOSEN SUCH THAT THE VOLTAGE DROP ACROSS THE RELAY
CIRCUIT IS INSUFFICIENT TO OPERATE THE FAULTS OUTSIDE THE PROTECTED ZONE.
LIMITATIONS OF CONVENTIONAL HIGH IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL RELAY
PUTS STRINGENT REQUIREMENTS ON CT’s. Class X for all CT Cores.
NEED FOR DEDICATED CT CORES. Separate CT Cores for BUSBAR and CHECK ZONE Protection.
IDENTICAL CT RATIO, MAGNETISING IMPEDENCE.
AUX CT’s RATIO CORRECTIONS UNACCEPTABLE.
IN ABILITY TO COPE WITH INCREASING FAULT CURRENT.
SLOW RESPONSE.
Advantage of Numerical Protection Technology (e.g. Fault recording, Communication etc) not available.
BASIC OPERATING TIME EXCLUDING RELAY TIME IS 15 – 20ms.
THIS RELAY REQUIRES CHECK ZONE FEATURE. THE TRIP COMMAND IS ONLY GIVEN WHEN
BOTH A DISCRIMINATING & CHECK ZONE SYSTEM OPERATES.
MEDIUM IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION
MANY OF THE LIMITATIONS OF HIGH IMPEDENCE PROTECTION CAN BE
OVERCOME USING MODERATE MEDIUM IMPEDENCE PROTECTION (OR STABILIZED
HIGH-IMP SCHEME), WHICH IS A COMBINATION OF THE NORMAL HIGH-IMP AND
STABILIZED DIFFERENTIAL SCHEMES.
LOW IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION
LOW IMPEDENCE PROTECTION(PERCENTAGE BIASED BUS DIFFERENTIAL RELAY) IS
MOST SUITABLE PROTECTION SCHEME FOR DOUBLE AND MULTIPLE BUSBAR SYSTEMS
(WITH OR WITHOUT TRANSFER BUS) WITH FEEDERS BEING SWITCHED BETWEEN
SECTIONS OF BUSBAR, WHICH OPERATES WITH FULL SELECTIVITY FOR ALL POSSIBLE
BUSBAR CONFIGUARATIONS.
ADVANTAGES
¾ FREE OF ANY NEED FOR MATCHED CT CHARACTERESTICS OR RATIOs, LOW
LEAKAGE REACTANCE OR RESISTANCE.
¾ OTHER PROTECTIVE RELAYS CAN BE INCLUDED IN THE SAME CIRCUIT.
¾ STABLE FOR INFINITE FAULT LEVELS. INSENSITIVE TO CT SATURATION.
¾ DETECTS FAULTS WITHIN 1 – 2ms & INITIATES TRIPPING WITHIN 5 – 7ms.
BASICS OF BUS BAR PROTECTION
BASIC THEORY
KIRCHOFF’s CURENT LAW STATES THAT THE SUM OF THE CURRENTS ENTERING A GIVEN NODE MUST BE EQUAL
TO THE CURRENTS LEAVING THAT NODE
EXTERNAL FAULT INTERNAL FAULT

IF
I1 I1
I2 I2
I3 I3
I4 I4
I5 I5
I6 I6
IF
IF= I6= I1+I2+I3+I4+I5 IF= I1+I2+I3+I4+I5+I6
HIGH IMPEDENCE BUSBAR PROTECTION
87BBC 96 BBC : BUSBAR
UU CHECK TRIPPING RELAY
UU
UU
UU 52 CIRCUIT
BREAKER
TRIP COIL
UU
UU
UU
UU - VE
A varistor is normally applied across the
UU relay input terminals to limit the voltage
UU to a value safely below the insulation
voltage of the secondary circuits
UU
UU 96 BBM : BUSBAR
+ VE
87BBM MAIN TRIPPING RELAY
UU
UU
UU
UU
UU
UU
COIL
RESTRAINT
OPERATING OVER CURRENT

COIL COIL
Is
Id
52 CIRCUIT
BREAKER
TRIP COIL
OVER CURRENT
+VE
STARTER RELAYS
RELAY
-VE
TRIPPING
96 BUS BAR
LOW IMPEDENCE BUSBAR PROTECTION
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN BUSBAR SCHEMES
PERCENTAGE BIASED LOW IMPEDENCE
DETAILS HIGH IMPEDENCE BUSBAR PROTECTION BUS BAR PROTECTION
THE CURRENTS ENTERING AND LEAVING THE BUSBAR ARE COMPARED IT HAS DIFFERENTIAL AND BIAS SETTING. THE RESULTANT BIAS
CONTINUOSLY. IT INVOLVES CHOOSING OF IMPEDENCE HIGH ENOUGH IS PROPOTIONAL TO ARITHMATIC SUM OF ALL CURRENTS,
PRINCIPLE STABLISE THE RELAY FOR HEAVY EXTERNAL FAULTS. THIS IS WHEREAS THE OPERATING CURRENT IS VECTOR SUM OF ALL
CIRCULATING CURRENT PRINCIPLE. CIRCUIT CURRENTS.
IT REQUIRES ALL IDENTICAL CT RATIO’s & TURNS RATIO. LOW IT CAN WORK WITH CTs OF UNEQUAL RATIOS ALSO. FREE OF
RESISTANCE OF SECONDARY WINDING. Class X for all CT Cores. ANY NEED OF MATCHED CT CHARACTERESTIC OR RATIOs LOW
CTs MINIMUM KNEE POINT VOLTAGE OF 300-500V. LEAKAGE REACTANCE OR RESISTANCE. OTHER PROTECTIVE
LOW MAGNETISING CURRENT(FEW MILLIAMPS). RELAYS CAN BE INCLUDED IN THE SAME CIRCUIT.
IMPOSES COMPARATIVELY HIGH BURDEN ON CTs. AUXILIARY CTs IMPOSES LESS BURDEN ON CTs. AUXILIARY CTs HAVE NO
BURDEN REDUCE THE PERFORMANCE OF THE SCHEME EFFECT ON PERFORMANCE OF SCHEME.
OPERATION OF SCHEME EVEN WHEN CTs GET SATURATED DURING OPERATION OF SCHEME EVEN WHEN CTs GET SATURATED
CT SATURATION INTERNAL FAULTS. DURING INTERNAL FAULTS. INSENSITIVE TO CT SATURATION.
IT IS GOOD SOLUTION FOR SINGLE BUSBAR ARRANGEMENTS, ONE & MOST SUITABLE FOR DOUBLE AND MULTIPLE BUSBAR SYSTEMS
UTILISATION HALF BREAKER SYSTEMS OR RING BUSBAR SYSTEMS. ( WITH OR WITHOUT TRANSFER BUS).
BASIC OPERATING TIME EXCLUDING RELAY TIME IS 15 – 20 mS. DETECTS FAULTS WITH IN 1 –2 mS AND INITIATES TRIPPING
OPERATING TIME WITH IN 5-7 mS.
INABILITY TO COPE WITH INCREASING FAULT CURRENT. STABLE FOR INFINITE FAULT LEVEL.
STABILITY
HIGHLY SENSITIVE FOR INTERNAL FAULTS AND COMPLETELY STABLE HIGHLY SENSITIVE FOR INTERNAL FAULTS AND COMPLETELY
PERFORMANCE FOR EXTERNAL FAULTS. STABLE FOR EXTERNAL FAULTS.
THIS RELAY REQUIRES CHECK ZONE FEATURE. THE TRIP COMMAND IS THIS RELAY HAS IN BUILT CHECK ZONE FEATURE (NO SEPARATE
ADDITIONAL ONLY GIVEN WHEN BOTH A DISCRIMINATING & CHECK ZONE SYSTEM CHECKZONE FEATURE) i.e OVER CURRENT STARTING RELAY
PROTECTION OPERATES. PROVIDED.
BUS BAR MAIN & CHECHUP PROTECTION
(ANY CT METHOD)
P2 P2 P2 CT MB
BUS BAR
1-CT REB 500 PROTECTION
IN1 / B171
CORE-1 3 3 3
1S3 1S3 1S3
ACTIVE START TRIP FOR
CTR: 2000-1000/1A 1S1 1S1 1S1
IB1 / B151 BUS-1
CLASS: PS IY1 / B131
IR1 / B111 DISPLAY
E
REB 600
CT MB
IR1 / B111 ACTIVE START TRIP
IY1 / B131
3-CT
IB1 / B151
CORE-1 1S1
3 3 3 1S1 1S1
CTR: 2000-1000/1A 1S3 1S3 1S3

DISPLAY
IN1 / B171
CLASS: PS
C
BUS BAR
P2 P2 P2 PROTECTION
E
FOR
BUS-2
3-52 UU 2-52 UU 1-52
3-CT 1-CT
BUS-2
BUS-1
6-52 UU 5-52 UU 4-52
6-CT 4-CT
87 – BB2
87 – BB1
9-52 UU 8-52 UU 7-52

9-CT 7-CT
12-52 UU 11-52 UU 10-52

12-CT 10-CT
15-52 UU 14-52 UU 13-52

15-CT 13-CT
BUS BAR-2 PROTECTION
BUS BAR-1 PROTECTION
18-52 UU 17-52 UU 16-52

18-CT 16-CT
BUS BAR PROTECTION
21-52 UU 20-52 UU 19-52

21-CT 19-CT
BUSBAR-1 PROTECTION TRIPPING SCHEME
HIGH SPEED
1-52 CB PANEL
1-52 CB PANEL TO CLOSE CKT INTERLOCK
TRIP RELAY TO BLOCK A/R
TO TRIP COIL-1
TRIP FROM 50 LBB FOR TO TRIP COIL-2
DIRECT TRIP SEND CH-1
TO START 50 LBB
1-52 CB DIRECT TRIP SEND CH-2
TO DISTURBENCE RECORDER
4-52 CB PANEL HIGH SPEED

4-52 CB PANEL
RED 521
TO CLOSE CKT INTERLOCK
TRIP FROM 50 LBB TRIP RELAY TO BLOCK A/R
TO TRIP COIL-1
FOR TO TRIP COIL-2
TO START 50 LBB DIRECT TRIP SEND CH-1
ACTIVE START TRIP 7-52 CB PANEL

HIGH SPEED
7-52 CB PANEL
TRIP FROM 50 LBB TO CLOSE CKT INTERLOCK
TO TRIP COIL-1
TO START 50 LBB FOR TO TRIP COIL-2
DISPLAY HIGH SPEED

10-52CB PANEL
10-52 CB PANEL TRIP RELAY TO BLOCK A/R
TO TRIP COIL-1
TRIP FROM 50 LBB

FOR TO TRIP COIL-2
C TO START 50 LBB
13-52 CB PANEL
HIGH SPEED
TO TRIP COIL-1
TO START 50 LBB TO DISTURBENCE RECORDER
E 16-52 CB PANEL HIGH SPEED

16-52 CB PANEL

TO TRIP COIL-1
FOR TO TRIP COIL-2
TO START 50 LBB 16-52 CB DIRECT TRIP SEND CH-2
+VE BUSBAR PANEL

BUSBAR-2 PROTECTION TRIPPING SCHEME
HIGH SPEED
3-52 CB PANEL
TO TRIP COIL-1
TO START 50 LBB
6-52 CB PANEL HIGH SPEED

6-52 CB PANEL
REB 670
TO TRIP COIL-1
FOR TO TRIP COIL-2
TO START 50 LBB DIRECT TRIP SEND CH-1
ACTIVE START TRIP 9-52 CB PANEL

HIGH SPEED
9-52 CB PANEL
TRIP FROM 50 LBB TO CLOSE CKT INTERLOCK
TO TRIP COIL-1
TO START 50 LBB FOR TO TRIP COIL-2
DISPLAY HIGH SPEED

12-52CB PANEL
12-52 CB PANEL TRIP RELAY TO BLOCK A/R
TO TRIP COIL-1
TRIP FROM 50 LBB

FOR TO TRIP COIL-2
C TO START 50 LBB
15-52 CB PANEL
HIGH SPEED
TO TRIP COIL-1
TO START 50 LBB TO DISTURBENCE RECORDER
E 18-52 CB PANEL HIGH SPEED

18-52 CB PANEL

TO TRIP COIL-1
FOR TO TRIP COIL-2
TO START 50 LBB 18-52 CB DIRECT TRIP SEND CH-2
+VE BUSBAR PANEL

DISTRIBUTED LBB & NUMERICAL CENTRALISED BUS BAR PROTECTION
(REB 500) ABB (7 SS 52) SIEMENS (MICOM P740) AREVA
OR OR
BUS-1
13-52
10-52
4-52
7-52
1-52
14-52
11-52
8-52
2-52
5-52
15-52
12-52
9-52
3-52
6-52
BUS-2
OR OR
LATEST DEVELOPMENT IN NUMERICAL CENTRALISED BUS BAR PROTECTION
ABB SIEMENS AREVA

BUSBAR
PROTECTION
CENTRAL UNIT
BAY UNIT
ABB Network Partner AG REL531
ABB Network Partner AG REC 316*4
1 9
2 10
LINE
3 11
4 12
5 13
6 14
7 15
8 16
PROTECTION C
E
C
21 L1 21 L2 21 L1 21 L2 21 L1 21 L2
1 9
TRANSFORMER
2 10
3 11
4 12
5 13
6 14
7 15
8 16
PROTECTION C
E
C
87 T1 64 T2 87 T1 64 T2 87 T1 64 T2
1. IN THIS NO SEPARATE CORE IS REQUIRED FOR EITHER BUSBAR PROTECTION OR LBB / BFR.
2. CENTRALISED BUSBAR IS CONNECTED FROM BAY UNIT OR LBB OR BFR THROUGH FIBRE OPTIC.
3. BAY UNIT / BFR / LBB IS CONNECTED FROM MAIN-1 & MAIN-2 OF LINE PROTECTION OR MAIN & BACKUP
DESCRIPTION PROTECTION OF TRANSFORMER THROUGH FIBRE OPTIC FOR REDUNDANCY TO BAY UNIT.
4. THE CURRENT DATA IS TRANSFERED TO BAY UNIT TO BUSBAR CENTRAL UNIT FROM LINE / TRANSFORMER
PROTECTIONS FOR NUMIRICAL ALGORITHAM OF LBB & BUSBAR CENTRAL UNIT AND IT WILL OPERATE FOR
INTERNAL FAULTS AND DOES NOT OPERATE FOR THROUGH / EXTERNAL FAULTS.
MISCELENEOUS
RELAYS & PROTECTIONS
ADOPTED FOR LINE IN
ONE AND HALF
CIRCUIT BREAKER
SCHEME
(STUB, TEED AND AUTO RECLOSURE
FUNCTIONS) PREPARED BY
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
STUB-1/ STUB-2 PROTECTION
BUS-1 1-52CB 2-52CB 3-52CB BUS-2
3
3
3
3
STUB-1&2 STUB-3&2
(BAY 1&2) (BAY 3&2)
1-89L DISTANCE / ATF 3-89T
LINE-1 RELAYS AT/F-1
CONVERTED
REL 521 TO STUB/BUS RET 521
OVER LOAD
RELAYS WHEN
REL 316 LINE ISOLATOR RET 316
OPENS
WHEN A LINE IS SUPPLIED VIA TWO CIRCUIT BREAKERS IN A ONE & HALF CIRCUIT
BREAKER ARRANGEMENT, THE LINE PROTECTION INCLUDES THE AREA BETWEEN THE TWO
CT’s. HOWEVER, WHEN THE LINE ISOLATOR IS OPEN THE LINE CVT‘s FOR THE DISTANCE
PROTECTION ARE CONNECTED TO THE LINE AND CANNOT PROVIDE THE CORRECT
VOLTAGE FOR THE STUB END.(i.e THE AREA BETWEEN THE LINE ISOLATOR AND CT’s)
(STUB = DEAD END)
TO PROVIDE PROTECTION FOR A FAULT IN THIS AREA, REL 521/ REL 316 IS
PROVIDED WITH A STUB PROTECTION WHICH GIVES AN BUS OVER CURRENT TRIP IF THE
LINE ISOLATOR IS OPEN AND THE CURRENT EXCEEDS THE SET VALUE IN ANY PHASE.
STUB-1 (BAY 1&2 OR BAY 3&2) IT OPERATES THE 3-PH TRIP GR-A MAIN CB (1-52CB OR 3-52CB)
OPERATES AND 3-PH TRIP GR-A TIE CB (2-52CB)
STUB-2 (BAY 1&2 OR BAY 3&2) IT OPERATES THE 3-PH TRIP GR-B MAIN CB (1-52CB OR 3-52CB)
OPERATES AND 3-PH TRIP GR-B TIE CB (2-52CB)
TEED-1/ TEED-2 PROTECTION
BUS-1 1-52CB 2-52CB 3-52CB BUS-2
3
TEED-1&2
3 3 TEED-1&2
(BAY 1&2) (BAY 2&3)
LINE-1 AT/F-1
TEED PROTECTION IS BASED ON KIRCHOFF’S CURRENT LAW. THREE SETS OF CTS
ARE CONNECTED IN STAR FASHION. SOME OF THE CURRENTS MUST BE ZERO. IF ANY
UNBALANCE CURRENTS ARE NOTICED THEN IMMEDIATELY TEED PROTECTION
OPERATES. IF TEED PROTECTION BAY 1&2 OPERATED THEN IT TRIPS 1-52CB & 2-52CB.
SIMILARLY IF TEED PROTECTION BAY 2&3 OPERATED THEN IT TRIPS 2-52CB & 3-52CB.
SUMMATION OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES OF T-SHAPED 3
CTs BEFORE REACHING TO RELAY. THIS IS
TEED-1 CIRCULATING CURRENT PRINCIPLE. THE CURRENT
FLOWING THROUGH IS ZERO DURING BALANCED
PROTECTION CONDITION.
HIGH IMPENDENCE THREE PHASE DIFFERENTIAL
RELAY IS USED AS TEED-1 PROTECTION.
T- SHAPED 3 CTs ARE CONNECTED TO RELAY. THE
RELAY HAVING OPERATING COIL & RESTAIRING COIL.
TEED-2 BASED ON THE DIFFERENTIAL CURRENT FLOWING
THROUGH THE OPERATING COIL THE RELAY
OPERATES.
PROTECTION LOW IMPEDENCE PERCENTAGE BIASED THREE
TERMINAL THREE PHASE DIFFERENTIAL RELAY IS
USED AS TEED-2 PROTECTION.
TEED-1 PROTECTION
{BAY1&2}(5CT METHOD)
P2 P2 P2
IR5
IY5
1-CT
IB5
CORE-5 3 3 3
5S4 5S4 5S4
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 5S2 5S2 5S2
CLASS: PS
IT WORKS ON CIRCULATING
IN5 CURRENT PRINCIPLE AND
RADHA IT IS HIGH IMPEDENCE
P1 P1 P1
ACTIVE START TRIP DIFFERENTIAL RELAY.
P2 P2 P2 IR5 TEED-1 PROTECTION FOR
IY5 BAY 2&3 IS ALSO SAME AS
2-CT
IB5 ABOVE AND THE
CORE-5
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A
3 3 3
5S4 5S4 5S4
DISPLAY FOLLOWING CTs & CORES
5S2 5S2 5S2
CLASS: PS ARE USED

IN5
C 3-CT(CORE-5), 2-CT(CORE-1)
& 3-TCT(CORE-1) ARE
P1 P1 P1
STARRED AND CONNECTED
P2 P2 P2 E TO TEED-1 PROTECTION
1-LCT
CORE-1 IN1
1S3
3 3 3 1S3 1S3
CTR: 2000-1000/1A
1S2 1S2 1S2
CLASS: PS
IB1
IY1
IR1
P1 P1 P1
TEED-2 PROTECTION
{BAY1&2}(5CT METHOD)
P2 P2 P2 CT MB
CT MB
LBB/BFR
P2 P2 P2
RAICA
LBB/BFR
1-CT
RAICA
CORE-4 3 3 3
4S4 4S4 4S4
RADSB
4S4 4S4
3 3 3
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 4S4
4S2 4S2 4S2
4S2 4S2 4S2
CLASS: PS
ACTIVE START TRIP
2-CT
CORE-4
DISPLAY CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A
P2 P2 P2 CT MB CLASS: PS
TEED-2 PROTECTION FOR
1-LCT BAY 2&3 IS ALSO SAME AS
CORE-2
C ABOVE AND THE
CTR: 2000-1000/1A
2S3
3 3 3 2S3 2S3 FOLLOWING CTs & CORES
CLASS: PS
2S2 2S2 2S2 ARE USED. 3-CT(CORE-4),
2-CT(CORE-2) & 3-TCT
(CORE-2) ARE CONNECTED
E TO TEED-2 PROTECTION.
IT WORKS ON KIRCHOFF’S
CURRENT PRINCIPLE & IT IS
PERCENTAGE BIASED LOW
IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL
RELAY
TEED PROTECTION TRIP SCHEME
ABB ABB
RADHA RADHA
TEED-1 TEED-1
86-A 86-A 86-A
MTR/ OR MTR/ OR MTR/
HSTR HSTR HSTR
ABB ABB
REL521
(BAY 1&2) RET521
STUB-1 STUB-1
TRIP COIL-1 TRIP COIL-1 TRIP COIL-1
(BAY 1&2) (BAY 2&3)
1-52CB 2-52CB 3-52CB
(BAY 2&3)
(BAY 1&2)
TRIP COIL-2 TRIP COIL-2 ABB TRIP COIL-2
ABB BUS-2
BUS-1 RADSB
RADSB
TEED-2
86-B
ABB TEED-2 86-B 86-B
REL521
MTR/ OR MTR/ OR MTR/
MAIN-1
HSTR HSTR HSTR
ABB ABB
REL316 RET316
STUB-2 STUB-2
86-A : GROUP-A MASTER TRIP RELAY / HIGH SPEED TRIP RELAY

86-B : GROUP-B MASTER TRIP RELAY / HIGH SPEED TRIP RELAY
LINE/TRANSFORMER ISOLATOR OPENS THIS INTERLOCK WILL INITIATE
MAIN-1 REL 521/ RET 521 & MAIN-2 REL 316/ RET 316 CONVERTED STUB-1 & 2 PROTECTION
AUTO RECLOSURE BASICS
¾ FAULTS ARE THREE TYPES
1. TRANSIENT FAULT: These are cleared by the immediate tripping of
Circuit Breakers and do not reoccur when the line is re-energized.
2. SEMI-PERMANENT FAULTS: These require a time interval to disappear
before a line is charged again.
3. PERMANENT FAULTS: These are to be located and repaired before the
line is re-energized.
¾ About 80-90% of the faults occurring are transient in nature. Hence the Automatic
Reclosure of breaker (after tripping on Fault) will result in the line being
successfully re-energized.
¾ ADVANTAGES:
A. Decreasing outage time.
B. Improving Reliability.
C. Improving system stability.
D. Reduce fault damage and Maintenance Time.
¾ DEAD TIME: The time between the Auto-reclosing Scheme being energized and
the operation of the contacts which energize the Circuit Breaker closing
circuit.
¾ RECLAIM TIME: The Time Following a successful closing operation measured
from the instant the Auto-Reclosing relay closing contacts make which
must elapse before the Auto-Reclosing relay initiates another reclosing
attempt. In other words, it may be said to be the time between 1st and 2nd
Auto-Reclosure.
¾ TYPES OF AUTO-RECLOSING SCHEMES:
1. BASED ON PHASE
A. THREE PHASE AUTO-RECLOSING: This type of Auto-Reclosing causes an
immediate drift part of the two systems and hence no interchange of synchronizing
power can take place during the dead time.
B. SINGLE PHASE AUTO-RECLOSING: In this, only the faulty phase(only SLG Faults) is
reclosed without causing interruption in interchange synchronizing power between two
systems through other two healthy phases.
2. BASED ON ATTEMPTS OF RECLOSURE
A. SINGLE SHOT AUTO-RECLOSING: In this scheme, Breaker is reclosed only once on
a given fault before lockout of Circuit Breaker Occurs. High-Speed Auto-Reclosing for
EHT System is invariably Single Shot.
B. MULTI-SHOT AUTO-RECLOSING: In this scheme, more than one reclosing attempts
made for a given fault before lockout of Circuit Breaker occurs.
B.I. DISADVANTAGES: Repeated closure attempts has with high fault level would
seriously affect the Circuit Breaker, Equipment and System Stability.
B.ii. CIRCUIT BREAKER LIMITATIONS: Ability of Circuit Breaker to Perform several Trip
Close operations in quick succession.
B. iii. SYSTEM CONDITIONS: In the percentage of the semi-Permanent faults (which
could be burnt out) is moderate, For example on the lines through the forest, multi
shot Auto-Reclosing is followed.
3. DEPENDING ON SPEED:
A. HIGH-SPEED AUTO-RECLOSING: This aids in fast restoration of supply but should
be done by taking into account the following factors.
I. System disturbance time can be tolerated without loss of system stability.
ii. Characteristics of Protection Schemes and Circuit Breaker.
B. LOW SPEED OR DELAYED AUTO RECLOSING: This is suitable for highly inter-
connected systems where the loss of a single line is unlikely to cause two sections
of the system to drift apart and loose synchronism.
¾ METHOD OF ADOPTION IN ONE AND HALF BREAKER SYSTEM:
The Auto-Reclosure Functions used for the Bus Breakers 1-52CB & 3-52CB are set
as Masters and one for the Center Breaker 2-52CB(TIE) as Follower. Co-ordination
is required between the Auto-Reclosure Functions. A Synchrocheck function is
also loaded in each Relay to permit 3 pole Auto-Reclosing.
Each Line Protection relays starts both MAIN & TIE Circuit Breakers to trip for the
Concerned line. After a Successful reclosure of the Main Breaker, The Tie Breaker
will be reclosed after a supplementary time delay. Should the Main CB Auto-
Reclosure relay not be successful in its reclosing attempts, the Tie CB Auto-
Reclosure is blocked. If the Main CB is Open or its Auto-Reclosure Relay is not
ready or Out of service, The TIE CB Auto-Reclosure will reclose The TIE Breaker
after its own dead time without any supplementary time delay.
¾ CHOICES OF EHV SYSTEM:
1. CHOICE OF DEAD TIME:
A. Lower limit is decided by deionising of Circuit Breaker.
B. Upper Limit is decided by Transient Stability and Synchronism.
C. Longer Transmission Lines Require Longer dead Time.
D. The dead time for High Speed Auto-Reclosing scheme with EHV System is 0.3 to
1.2 sec.
2. CHOICE OF RECLAIM TIME:
This should not be set to such a low value that the operating cycle of Breaker is
exceeded when two faults incident occurs close together. The reclaim time will be
in the range of 10 to 30 sec., depending the breaker opening and closing
mechanisms.
3. CHOICE OF ZONE:
This should normally kept in Zone-1. It is a Zone-1 fault and SLG fault only auto-
reclosure is comes in to picture. In other zones the auto reclosure is blocked.
AUTO-RECLOSURE FOR
ONE & HALF BREAKER SCHEME
TRIP COMMANDS
AUTO RECLOSURE
COMMANDS
79 (A/R)+ 79 (A/R)+ 79 (A/R)+

25(SYNC) 25(SYNC) 25(SYNC)
RAAAM RAAAM RAAAM
RASC RASC RASC
1-52CB 2-52CB 3-52CB


1 9
1 9 2 10
2 10 3 11
3 11 4 12
4 12 5 13
5 13 6 14
6 14
LINE-1
7 15
7 15 8 16
8 16
C C C
LINE-2 C
E
E E
E
21 MAIN-2 21 MAIN-2
21 MAIN-1 21 MAIN-1 REL 316
REL 521 REL 316 REL 521
INSTANT OF FAULT
AUTO RECLOSING TIMING CHART
OPERATES RESETS
PROTECTION
OPERATING
TRANSIENT FAULT
TIME
TRIP COIL CONTACTS ARC CONTACTS CLOSING COIL CONTACTS CONTACTS

ENERGISED SEPARATE EXTINGUISHED FULLY OPEN ENERGISED MAKE FULLY CLOSED
CIRCUIT
BREAKER
OPENING ARCING CLOSING
TIME TIME TIME
OPERATING TIME DEAD TIME
OPERATES RESETS OPERATES RESETS
PROTECTION
RECLOSE
OPERATING ON TO FAULT
PERMANENT FAULT
TIME
TRIP COIL CONTACTS ARC CONTACTS CLOSING COIL CONTACTS CONTACTS CONTACTS ARC CONTACTS
ENERGISED SEPARATE EXTINGUISHED FULLY OPEN ENERGISED MAKE FULLY CLOSED SEPARATE EXTINGUISHED FULLY OPEN
CIRCUIT
BREAKER
OPENING ARCING CLOSING
TIME TIME TIME TRIP COIL
OPERATING TIME DEAD TIME ENERGISED
SYSTEM DISTURBANCE TIME
RECLOSE INITIATED
BY PROTECTION RELAY READY TO RESPOND
TO FURTHER FAULT INCIDENTS
AUTO RECLOSE (AFTER SUCEESFUL RECLOSRE)
RELAY
DEAD TIME CLOSING PULSE TIME
RECLAIM TIME
TIME
CARRIER
INTERTRIPPING
SCHEMES
ADOPTED IN
ONE AND HALF
CIRCUIT BREAKER
SCHEME
PREPARED BY
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
TYPES OF CARRIER TRIPPING SCHEMES
PERMISSIVE TRIPPING
Permissive trip commands are always monitored by a protection
relay. The circuit breaker is tripped when receipt of the command
coincides with operation of the protection relay at the receiving end
responding to a system fault. The receipt of an incorrect signal
must coincide with operation of the receiving end protection for a
trip operation to take place. Normally, the risk of a spurious trip is
lesser. The intention of these schemes is to speed up tripping for
faults occurring within the protected zone.
BLOCKING SCHEME
Blocking commands are initiated by a protection element that
detects faults external to the protected zone. Detection of an
external fault at the local end of a protected circuit results in a
blocking signal being transmitted to the remote end. At the remote
end, receipt of the blocking signal prevents the remote end
protection operating if it had detected the external fault. Loss of the
communications channel is less serious for this scheme than in
others as loss of the channel does not result in a failure to trip when
required. However, the risk of a spurious trip is higher.
Conventional time-stepped distance protection has One of the main disadvantages is that the
instantaneous Zone 1 protection at each end of the protected line cannot be set to cover the whole
of the feeder length and is usually set to about 80%. This leaves two 'end zones', each being about
20% of the protected feeder length. Faults in these zones are cleared in Zone 1 time by the
protection at one end of the feeder and in Zone 2 time (typically 0.25 to 0.5 seconds) by the
protection at the other end of the feeder. This situation cannot be tolerated in some applications,
for two main reasons:
I). Faults remaining on the feeder for Zone 2 time may cause the system to become unstable.
II). Where high-speed auto-reclosing is used, the non-simultaneous opening of the circuit.
Breakers at both ends of the faulted section results in no 'dead time' during the autoreclose cycle
for the fault to be extinguished and for ionized gases to clear. This results in the possibility that a
transient fault will cause permanent lockout of the circuit breakers at each end of the line section.
Even where instability does not occur, the increased duration of the disturbance may give rise to
power quality problems, and may result in increased plant damage.
Unit schemes of protection that compare the conditions at the two ends of the feeder
simultaneously positively identify whether the fault is internal or external to the protected section
and provide high-speed protection for the whole feeder length. This advantage is balanced by the
fact that the unit scheme does not provide the back up protection for adjacent feeders given by a
distance scheme.
The most desirable scheme is obviously a combination of the best features of both arrangements,
that is, instantaneous tripping over the whole feeder length plus back-up protection to adjacent
feeders. This can be achieved by interconnecting the distance protection relays at each end of the
protected feeder by a communications channel.
The purpose of the communications channel is to transmit information about the system
conditions from one end of the protected line to the other, including requests to initiate or prevent
tripping of the remote circuit breaker. The former arrangement is generally known as a 'transfer
tripping scheme' while the latter is generally known as a 'blocking scheme'. However, the
terminology of the various schemes varies widely, according to local custom and practice.
1. ZONE 1 EXTENSION SCHEME (Z1X SCHEME)
2. TRANSFER TRIPPING SCHEMES
I. DIRECT UNDER REACH TRANSFER TRIP SCHEME (DUTT)
II. PERMISSIVE UNDER REACH TRANSFER TRIP SCHEME (PUTT)
III. PUTT – FWD SCHEME
IV. PERMISSIVE UNDER REACH ACCELERATED SCHEME
V. PERMISSIVE OVER REACH TRANSFER TRIP SCHEME (POTT)
VI. WEEK IN FEED CONDITIONS.
3. BLOCKING OVER REACHING SCHEMES
I. BLOCKING OVER-REACHING PROTECTION SCHEME USING ZONE 2.
OR DIRECTIONAL COMPARISION BLOCKING SCHEME
II. BLOCKING OVER-REACHING PROTECTION SCHEME USING ZONE 1.
III. WEEK IN FEED CONDITIONS.
4. DIRECTIONAL COMPARISON UNBLOCKING SCHEME
PROPERTIES OF COMMAND PROTECTION SYSTEMS
UNDER OVER PERMISSIVE
OPERATING GENERAL
REACHING REACHING CRITERIA
MODE REQUIREMENTS
SENDING SENDING RECEIVING
PERMISSIVE UNDER IMPEDENCE
UNDER VOLTAGE
UNDER SECURE &
ZONE-1 - - - OVER CURRENT
FAST
REACH DISTANE &
(PUTT) DIRECTION
PERMISSIVE
OVER SECURE &
- - - ZONE-2 FAST
REACH
(POTT)
DIRECT DISTANCE & SECURE &
ZONE-1 - - - DEPENDABLE
TRIP DIRECTION
ACCELERA
ZONE-1 - - - SECURE &
TED UNDER ZONE-2 FAST
REACH
BLOCKING
REVERSE DISTANCE & FAST &
OVER - - - LOCKING DEPENDABLE
DIRECTION
REACH
PREFFERED APPLICATIONS OF TELE/ CARRIER TRIPPING SCHEMES
PARAMETERS PUTT POTT BLOCKING UNBLOCKING
Signal Dependable and secure communication Reliable Dedicated channel
channel communication With continuous
Transmission 1. Power line carrier with frequency shift channel (only signal Transfer
System modulation. HF signal coupled to 2 phases required during 1. Power line carrier
of the protected line, or even better, to a external faults) With frequency shift
parallel circuit to avoid transmission of 1. Power line carrier keying. Continuous
the HF signal through the fault location. With amplitude Signal transmission
2. Microwave radio, especially Modulation (ON/OFF). must be permitted.
digital(PCM) The same frequency
3. Fibre -optic cables may be used on all
terminals)
Characteristic Best suited for 1. Excellent All line types – Same as POTT
longer lines - where coverage On short Preferred practice
Of line the Under-reach lines in the in the USA.
zone provides Presence of fault
sufficient resistance.
resistance 2. Suitable for the
coverage. Protection of multi-
terminal lines with
intermediate in-
feed.
COMPARISION OF TELE/ CARRIER TRIPPING SCHEMES
On normal two-terminal lines the main deciding factors in the choice of the type
of scheme, apart from the reliability of the signalling channel, operating speed
and the method of operation of the system. Table compares the important
characteristics of the various types of scheme.
Criterion Transfer Tripping Scheme Blocking scheme

Speed of operation Fast Not as Fast
Speed with in-service testing Slower As fast
Suitable for auto Re Close Yes Yes
Security against mal-operation due to:
Current reversal Special features required Special features required
Loss of communications Poor good
Weak In feed/Open CB Special features required Special features required
Modern digital or numerical distance relays are provided with a choice of
several schemes in the same relay. Thus scheme selection is now largely
independent of relay selection, and the user is assured that a relay is available
with all the required features to cope with changing system conditions.
ADVANTAGES & DRAWBACKS OF TELE/ CARRIER TRIPPING SCHEMES
1. Simple technique 1. Can be applied without Under Same as POTT Same as POTT
ADVANTAGES 2. No coordination reaching zone1 stage (e.g. but:
Of zones and times overcompensated Series
compensated lines). 1. If no signal is
With the opposite Received (no
2. Can be applied on Extremely short
End required. lines (impedance less than minimum block and no
3.The combination relay setting) unblock) then
Of different relay 3. Better for parallel lines as mutual tripping by the
Types therefore coupling is not critical for the
presents no overreach zone overreach zone
Problems. 4. Weak in feed terminals are no is released
problem. (Echo and Weak In feed after 20 ms
logic is included)
1. Overlapping of the 1. Zone reach and signal Same as POTT Same as
DRAWBACKS zone 1 reaches must be timing coordination with the 1. Slow tripping – all POTT
ensured. On parallel
lines, teed feeders and Remote end is necessary Tele-protection trips
tapped lines, the (current reversal). must be delayed to
influence of zero wait for the eventual
sequence coupling and blocking signal.
intermediate In feeds
must be carefully 2. Continuous
considered to make sure channel
a minimum overlapping Monitoring is not
of the zone 1 reach is Possible.
always present.
2. Not suitable for weak
In feed terminals
ADVANTAGES & DRAWBACKS OF TELE/ CARRIER TRIPPING SCHEMES
Not Suitable as the Suitable as the Z1B Suitable as Suitable Same as
Zone1 Operation is setting may be Reverse Reach POTT.
Short Line essential and Zone1 substantially larger than Setting is
setting in X and R the Line impedance so independent of
direction must be that signal Transmission
is secure for all faults on Line Length.
small on Short Lines.
the Line.
Not Suitable as the Suitable as the Strong Partially Suitable Suitable Same as
Zone1 Operation is end detects all the Line as the Reverse Fault POTT.
Weak In- essential at Both Faults with the Over- is also Detected at
Ends for 100% Reaching Z1B. The the Weak In-feed
feed Coverage.
Weak In-feed end then end but no trip at
echos the received Weak In-feed end.
Signal.
Amplitude Not Suitable as the Not Suitable same Suitable as the Not Suitable Same
Signal must be Trans- as PUTT. Signal is only sent as PUTT.
Modulated mitted through the
Power Line
when the Line is
Fault Location which not Faulted.
Carrier Attenuates the Signal.
Frequency or Suitable as the Suitable same as Suitable as the Suitable Same as
Phase Signal can be PUTT. Signal can be PUTT.
Modulated Transmitted through Transmitted under
Power Line the Fault Location. all Conditions.
Carrier
Communication Suitable. Suitable. Suitable. Suitable.
independent
of Power Line
PROTECTION COUPLER PANEL
1- TX 1- TX
C C
TRIP TRIP
NSD 50/ S
A(C)
S
C(A)
ALARM-1
5 2+ 2+
250V DC
NSD 70
ACTIVE START TRIP 5- RX 5- RX
6 C C
TRIP TRIP
R R
6+ A(C) 6+ C(A)
DISPLAY
9- TX 9- TX
C C
S TRIP TRIP
S
ALARM-2
C 7 B(D) D(B)
250V DC
10+ 10+
8 13- 13-
C RX C
RX
E R TRIP R TRIP
14+ B(D) 14+ D(B)
G4AA TB: V9LB G4AC TB: V9LC GA4D TB:V9LC

PROTECTION COUPLERS FOR 400KV LINE
¾ FOR EACH LINE 2Nos PROTECTION COUPLER PANELS PROVIDED.
¾ FOR EACH LINE 1NO CARRIER SPEECH PANEL PROVIDED.
¾ SO, ONE LINE REQUIRES TOTAL 3 PANELS.
¾ CARRIER SPEECH PANEL PURELY FOR VOICE COMMUNICATION BETWEEN
TWO SUBSTATIONS, i.e THE LINE CONNECTED SUBSTATIONS.
¾ THE VOICE COMMUNICATION ARE TWO METHODS PROVIDED.
¾ ONE IS HOTLINE COMMUNICATION/DEDICATED/ LIFT&TALK METHOD.
¾ ANOTHER IS DIAL METHOD.
¾ IN PROTECTION COUPLER PANEL-1 TOTAL 3 CARDS ARE IMPORTANT FOR
SENDING & RECEIVING TRIP SIGNALS.
¾ ONE CARD FOR ALARM i.e G4AA. ONE CARD FOR PERMISSIVE/PROTECTION
TRIP i.e G4AC & ANOTHER CARD FOR DIRECT TRIPS i.e G4AD.
¾ IN PROTECTION COUPLER-2 PANEL ALSO 3 CARDS ARE PROVIDED SIMILAR TO
PROTECTION COUPLER-1 PANEL.
¾ THE PROTECTION COUPLER PANEL DRAWING IS SHOWN IN PREVIOUS MENU.
¾ 1SET TX & RX FOR PERMISSIVE/ PROTECTION TRIP(G4AC)
¾ 1SET TX & RX FOR BACKUP FOR PERMISSIVE/ PROTECTION IN ANOTHER
PANEL(G4AC).
¾ 1SET TX & RX FOR DIRECT TRIP CHANNEL-1( G4AD).
¾ 1SET TX & RX FOR SPARE UNDER EMERGENCY(G4AD).
¾ THE ABOVE ARRANGEMENT SIMILAR FOR PROTECTION COUPLER PANEL-2.
¾ G4AA CARD FOR ALARM.
MAIN-1 PROTECTION CARRIER INTER TRIPPING
G4AC V9LC 1
NSD 50
G4AC V9LC 6 ABB REL521

IN OUT
CR
CARRIER RECEIVE
G4AC V9LC 5 -VE
CS
G4AC V9LC 2 CARRIER SEND
G4AA V9LB 5
ABB
G4AA V9LB 6 ALARM
PANEL-1
+VE -VE
NSD 50
G4AC V9LC 10
G4AC V9LC 13
THIS IS BACKUP FOR PERMISSIVE/ PROTECTION TRIP
G4AC V9LC 14 AND CONNECTED IN ANOTHER PANEL
G4AC V9LC 9
ABB
PANEL-2
MAIN-2 PROTECTION CARRIER INTER TRIPPING
G4AC V9LC 1
NSD 50
G4AC V9LC 6 ABB REL316

IN OUT
CR
CARRIER RECEIVE
G4AC V9LC 5 -VE
CS
G4AC V9LC 2 CARRIER SEND
G4AA V9LB 5
ABB
G4AA V9LB 6 ALARM
PANEL-2
+VE -VE
NSD 50
G4AC V9LC 10
G4AC V9LC 13
THIS IS BACKUP FOR PERMISSIVE/ PROTECTION TRIP
G4AC V9LC 14 AND CONNECTED IN ANOTHER PANEL
G4AC V9LC 9
ABB
PANEL-1
DIRECT TRIP SEND CARRIER CHANNEL-1
96 BUSBAR PROT-2 PANEL
87 BUSBAR TRIP (ZONE-2) PANEL-1
ABB
87 BUSBAR TRIP (ZONE-1)
NSD 50
DC +VE
CONTROL PANEL FROM PANEL
T NC
R Y B
MAIN CB(1-52CB) TIE CB (2-52 CB)
T NC
G4AD V9LC 2
R Y B
TIE CB(2-52CB) G4AD V9LC 1
MAIN CB (1-52 CB)
50 LBB/BFR FOR MAIN CB / RAICA
CONDITIONS FOR DIRECT TRIP DC –VE FROM PANEL
59L1 / OVER VOLTAGE STAGE-1 1. TIE CB OPEN CONDITION + MAIN CB REMOTE HAND TRIP GIVEN.
2. MAIN CB OPEN CONDITION + TIE CB REMOTE HAND TRIP GIVEN.
59L2 / OVER VOLTAGE STAGE-2 3. TIE CB OPEN CONDITION + 96 BUSBAR-1 OPERATED.
4. MAIN CB OPEN CONDITION + 96 BUSBAR-2 OPERATED (FOR HALF DIA ONLY).
87 HZ / TEED-1 PROTECTION 5. MAIN CB 50 LBB/BFR OPERATED.
6. TIE CB 50 LBB/BFR OPERATED.
87 LZ / TEED-2 PROTECTION 7. 59L1 OVER VOLTAGE STAGE-1 OPERATED.
8. 59L2 OVER VOLTAGE STAGE-2 OPERATED.
50 LBB/BFR FOR TIE CB / RAICA
9. 87 HZ TEED-1 PROTECTION OPERATED
10. 87 LZ TEED-2 PROTECTION OPERATED.
DIRECT TRIP SEND CARRIER CHANNEL- 2
PANEL-2

ABB
NSD 50
DC +VE
CONTROL PANEL FROM PANEL
T NC
R Y B
MAIN CB(1-52CB) TIE CB (2-52 CB)
T NC
G4AD V9LC 2
R Y B
TIE CB(2-52CB) G4AD V9LC 1
MAIN CB (1-52 CB)
50 LBB/BFR FOR MAIN CB / RAICA
CONDITIONS FOR DIRECT TRIP DC –VE FROM PANEL
59L1 / OVER VOLTAGE STAGE-1 1. TIE CB OPEN CONDITION + MAIN CB REMOTE HAND TRIP GIVEN.
2. MAIN CB OPEN CONDITION + TIE CB REMOTE HAND TRIP GIVEN.
59L2 / OVER VOLTAGE STAGE-2 3. TIE CB OPEN CONDITION + 96 BUSBAR-1 OPERATED.
4. MAIN CB OPEN CONDITION + 96 BUSBAR-2 OPERATED (FOR HALF DIA ONLY).
87 HZ / TEED-1 PROTECTION 5. MAIN CB 50 LBB/BFR OPERATED.
87 LZ / TEED-2 PROTECTION 7. 59L1 OVER VOLTAGE STAGE-1 OPERATED.
8. 59L2 OVER VOLTAGE STAGE-2 OPERATED.
50 LBB/BFR FOR TIE CB / RAICA
9. 87 HZ TEED-1 PROTECTION OPERATED
10. 87 LZ TEED-2 PROTECTION OPERATED.
DIRECT TRIP RECEIVE CHANNEL-1&2
PANEL-1
ABB TO 86-A MASTER TRIP RELAY
NSD 50 (HIGH SPEED TRIP RELAY) FOR
MAIN CB(152CB)
DC +VE TO 86-A MASTER TRIP RELAY
(HIGH SPEED TRIP RELAY) FOR
G4AD V9LC 6 TIE CB(252CB)
DIRECT TRIP-1
CARRIER RECEIVE
G4AD V9LC 5 RELAY
+VE -VE
PANEL-2
ABB TO 86-B MASTER TRIP RELAY
NSD 50
MAIN CB(152CB)
DC +VE TO 86-B MASTER TRIP RELAY
G4AD V9LC 6 TIE CB(252CB)
DIRECT TRIP-2
G4AD V9LC 5 CARRIER RECEIVE
RELAY
PLCC CARRIER PROTECTION SYSTEM
(TELEPROTECTION)
ABB Network Partner AG REL531 ABB Network Partner AG REL531
REL 521
MAIN-1
PROTECTION
C C
E E
ELECTRICAL CONNECTION
NSD 50 NSD 50
PANEL PANEL
PLCC PLCC
PANEL ELECTRICAL POWER LINE PANEL
NSD 50 NSD 50
PANEL PANEL
ABB Network Partner AG REC 316*4 ABB Network Partner AG REC 316*4
1 9 1 9
REL 316
2 10 2 10
3 11 3 11
4 12 4 12
5 13 5 13
6 14 6 14
7 15 7 15
MAIN-2
8 16 8 16
C
PROTECTION C
E E
FIBRE OPTIC PROTECTION SYSTEM
(TELEPROTECTION)
REL 521
MAIN-1
PROTECTION
C C
E E
NSD 70 NSD 70
PANEL PANEL
FOX-U FOX-U
GECOD/ SIFOX
GECOD/ SIFOX
TUNOS
TUNOS
FOX-515 FOX-515
NSD 70 NSD 70
PANEL PANEL
1 9 1 9
REL 316
2 10 2 10
3 11 3 11
4 12 4 12
5 13 5 13
6 14 6 14
7 15 7 15
MAIN-2
8 16 8 16
C
PROTECTION C
E E
FIBRE OPTIC CARRIER PROTECTION SYSTEM
(TELEPROTECTION)
DIGITAL RELAY CONNECTION VIA FIBRE OPTIC
REL 521
MAIN-1
PROTECTION
C C
E E
FOX-U FOX-U
OTERM
OTERM
TUNOS
TUNOS
FOX-515 FOX-515
1 9 1 9
REL 316
2 10 2 10
3 11 3 11
4 12 4 12
5 13 5 13
6 14 6 14
7 15 7 15
MAIN-2
8 16 8 16
C
PROTECTION C
E E
MAIN-1 & MAIN-2
PROTECTION FOR
AUTO TRANSFORMER
ADOPTED IN
ONE AND HALF
CIRCUIT BREAKER
SCHEME PREPARED BY
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
BASICS OF TRANSFORMER PROTECTION
1. PURPOSE OF POWER TRANSFORMER PROTECTION
POWER T/F PROTECTION IS USUALLY INSTALLED TO DISCONNECT THE T/F AT:
A. INTERNAL SHORT CIRCUITS AND EARTH FAULTS IN THE T/F AND ITS CONNECTED
CIRCUITS.
B. EXTERNAL FAULTS ON OTHER CIRCUITS. (BACK-UP PROTECTION)
C. ABNORMAL SERVICE CONDITIONS SUCH AS OVERLOAD & OVER VOLTAGE.
2. PROTECTION DEVICES INBUILT OR MOUNTED ON POWER T/F
A. OIL IMMERSED POWER T/F USUALLY HAVE A GAS DETECTOR AND OIL SURGE.
DETECTOR (BUCHHOLZ ALARAM & TRIP DEVICES), WHICH ARE EXCELLENT FOR
DETECTING INTERNAL FAULTS.
B. LOAD TAPCHANGER COMPARTMENTS MAY HAVE A SIMILAR OVER PRESSURE
DEVICE.
C. TEMPARATURE MONITORS FOR OIL & WINDING PROVIDE GOOD OVER LOAD
PROTECTION.
D. PRESSURE RELIEF DEVICE IS PROVIDED TO SAFE GUARD THE T/F FROM HIGH
PRESURES.
3. TRANSFORMER DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION
IT IS WIDELY USED AS INSTANTANEOUS PROTECTION FOR SHORT CIRCUIT FAULTS WITH
IN THE DIFFERENTIAL ZONE. THIS IS TREATED AS MAIN-1 PROT FOR T/F.
THE MOST COMMON TYPE OF PROTECTION IS THE CURRENT RESTRAINT TYPE.
SOME TYPE OF DIFFERENTIAL RELAYS REQUIRE INTERPOSING CTs FOR CT RATIO
MATCHING AND/OR PHASE SHIFT.
HIGH IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION CAN BE USED ON AUTO T/F & REACTORS.
IT COVERS ONE GALVANICALLY INTERCONNECTED WINDING (WDG DIFF). BUT NOT A
SEPARATE TERTIARY WINDING.
IT REQUIRES A THREE PHASE SET OF CTs AT THE NEUTRAL SIDE OF WINDING.
4.RESTRICTED EARTH FAULT PROTECTION
AT/Fs are used to couple EHV Power Networks, If the Ratio of their Voltages is Moderate. An Alternative
to Differential Protection that can be applied to AT/Fs. A Circulating Current System is arranged between
Equal Ratio Current Transformers in the Two Groups of Line Connections and the Neutral End
Connections. The Line Current Transformers can be connected in Parallel to A Single Element Relay, Thus
providing a Scheme Responsive to Earth Faults Only. If Current Transformers are fitted in Each Phase at
the Neutral End of the Windings and a Three-Element Relay is used, A Differential System can be provided,
giving Full Protection against Phase and Earth Faults. This Provides High-speed Sensitive Protection. It is
Unaffected by Ratio Changes on the Transformer due to Tap-changing and is immune to the Effects of
Magnetizing In Rush Current. It does not respond to Interturn Faults. In Addition, This Scheme does not
respond to any Fault in a Tertiary Winding. Unloaded Delta-connected Tertiary Windings are often not
Protected.
5. BACK UP PROTECTION
A VARIETY OF RELAYS ARE AVAILABLE.
A. OVER CURRENT & EARTH FAULT PROTECTION. ( 50, 50N, 51, 51N, 67, 67N - ANY COMBINATION OF THESE)
B. UNDER IMPEDENCE / DISTANCE ( Z<)(21T).
C. NEUTRAL DISPLACEMENT PROTECTION (Un>).
6.OTHER TYPES OF RELAYS
A. OVER VOLTAGE RELAY (U >).
B. OVER FLUX/ EXCITATION (V/F >)( INVERSE TIME & DIFENITE TIME).
FOR 400KV/220KV & 765/400KV TRANSFORMERS BOTH SIDES( i.e HV & LV) OVER FLUX RELAYS ARE
PROVIDED BECAUSE BOTH SIDES HAVING GRID.
C. AT/F NEUTRAL CURRENT RELAY (51N).
NORMALLY ADOPTED POWER TRANSFORMERS CAPACITIES IN 400KV / 220KV

CAPACITY OF HV LV
HV CURRENT LV VOLTAGE
TRANSFORMER VOLTAGE CURRENT
315 MVA 400 KV 454.68 A 220 KV 0826.68 A
500 MVA 400 KV 721.71 A 220 KV 1312.20 A
630 MVA 400 KV 909.35 A 220 KV 1653.37 A
NORMS OF PROTECTION FOLLOWED BY UTILITIES
FOR POWER TRANSFORMERS & AUTO TRANSFORMERS
T BACK UP
CAPACITY VOLTAGE MAIN-1 MAIN-2
S.No RATIO IN Y PROTECTION ADDITIONAL SPECIAL
IN
MVA KV P
PROTECTION HV LV PROTECTION PROTECTION
E
1 7.5 & 16 66 / 11
2 WINDING TRANSFORMER (STAR/STAR) ICT / AUTO TFR
3 OVER LOAD + 1 EARTH FAULT
(PRINCPLE : CIRCULATING CURRENT)

87 TL DIFFERENTIAL RELAY
3 OL +
( LOW IMPEDANCE PERCENTAGE BIASED PHASE SEGREGATED

BUCHHOLZ,
NIL
DIFFERENTIAL RELAY
64REF IS 1-PH HIGH IMPEDANCE

7.5 , 16 1 EL (51)
87TH IS 3-PH HIGH IMPEDANCE

2 & 25 66 / 33 OLTC OSR
OIL TEMP
DIFFERENTIAL RELAY
DIFFERENTIAL RELAY
RELAY ( 51 )
7.5 , 16 ,
EARTH FAULT RELAY ( 51P + 67N)

3 132 / 11 WDNG TEMP
3 OVER LOAD + 1 DIRECTIONAL

25 & 31.5
HV REF (64)
16 , 31.5
4 50 & 80 132 / 33
5 31.5, 50 220 / 33
6
31.5, 50 &
220 / 66 BUCHHOLZ
100 HV & LV OVER FLUX
PRINCIPLE: MERZ PRICE)
7
100, 200
400 / 132
REF 64 3 OL + OLTC OSR
& 250 1 DIR EL PRV/PRD
(51P +
87 TH / 64 REF
8 100 & 160 220 / 132 OIL TEMP OVER LOAD

67N) WDNG TEMP ALARM
9 315, 500 3 DIR OL 3 DIR OL RELAY +
& 630 400 / 220 (HIGHSET) (HIGHSET) NEUTRAL
+ + CURRENT E/F
10 630, 750, 765 / 400 1 DIR EL 1 DIR EL
1000 & 1500 (HIGHSET) (HIGHSET) RELAY
MAIN / DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION FOR AT/F
(4 CT METHOD)
P2 P2 P2 CT MB
CT MB
0.91 / 0.577A
AUX.CT Y/
3-CT
0.689 / 0.577A
CORE-5
RET 521/
3 3 3
5S4 5S4 5S4
3 3 3
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 5S1 5S1 5S1
AUX.CT Y/
5S3 5S3 5S3
CLASS: PS RET 316 5S3 5S3 5S3
RADSB
4 CT METHOD : 3-CT & 2-ACT
6 CT METHOD : 3-ACT & 2-ACT
ACTIVE START TRIP

P2 P2 P2
LV-CT
CORE-5
DISPLAY CTR: 1200-800/1A
CT MB CLASS: PS
IN CASE OF 1&1/2 CB
SYSTEM, THE DIFFERENTIAL
2-ACT C PROTECTION CTs
0.91 / 0.577A
CORE-5 5S3
3 3 3 5S3 5S3 ASSOCIATED WITH MAIN &
AUX.CT Y/
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A
5S4 5S4 5S4 TIE CBs SHOULD BE
CONNECTED TO SEPARATE
CLASS: PS BIAS WINDINGS AND THESE
SHOULD NOT BE PARALLED
E IN ORDER TO AVOID FALSE
P2 P2 P2 OPERATION DUE TO
DISSIMILAR CT TRANSIENT
RESPONSE.
MAIN / DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION FOR AT/F
(5 CT METHOD)
CT MB
0.689 / 0.577A
P2 P2 P2 CT MB RET 521/
3 3 3
5S1 5S1 5S1
AUX.CT Y/
RET 316
0.91 / 0.577A
5S3 5S3 5S3
AUX.CT Y/
3-TCT RADSB
CORE-5 3 3 3
5S4 5S4 5S4
ACTIVE START TRIP
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 5S3 5S3 5S3
P2 P2 P2
CLASS: PS
LV-CT
CORE-5
DISPLAY CTR: 1200-800/1A
CLASS: PS
C NORMALLY LOW
IMPEDENCE BIASED
DIFFERENTIAL RELAY
IS USED FOR
E TRANSFORMER
DIFFERENTIAL
PROTECTION
SELECTION OF AUX.CTs FOR DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION
¾ NORMALLY 400KV/220KV AUTO TRANSFORMERS ARE OF CAPACITY 315MVA.
¾ FOR MERZ PRICE PROTECTION IF TRANSFORMER IS CONNECTED IN STAR/STAR
THEN CT SECONDARIES ARE TO BE CONNECTED IN DELTA/DELTA.
¾ CORRECT RATIO CTs ARE NOT AVAILABLE, THEN AUX.CTs ARE TO BE PROVIDED
FOR ACHEVING SUITABLE CURRENTS.
¾ IF AUX CTs ARE USING THEN MAIN CT SECONDARIES ARE CONNECTED IN STAR.
¾ THIS IS BROUGHT TO AUX CTs. AUX CTs PRIMARY IS CONNECTED IN STAR &
SECONDARIES ARE CONNECTED IN DELTA.
¾ NORMALLY THE RELAY RATED CURRRENT IS 1A.
¾ AUX.CT s SECONDARIES ARE CONNECTED IN DELTA. FOR ACHIEVING 1A TO
RELAY, AUX.CT SECONDARY CURRENT IS TO BE 0.577A.
¾ THE FULL LOAD PRIMARY CURRENT OF 315MVA AT/F IS 454.7A.
¾ BUT THE 400KV CTs RATIOs ARE AVAILABLE : 2000-1000-500/1A
¾ NEAREST VALUE TO FULL LOAD CURRENT IS 500/1A. HENCE IT IS ADOPTED.
¾ HENCE AT FULL LOAD HV CURRENT i.e 454.7A, THEN SECONDARY OF CT
CURRENT WILL BE 0.91A.
¾ SO HV SIDE AUX.CT RATIO IS 0.91/0.577A.
¾ THE FULL LOAD SECONDARY CURRENT OF 315MVA AT/F IS 826.7A.
¾ BUT THE 220KV CTs RATIOs ARE AVAILABLE: 1200-800/1A.
¾ NEAREST VALUE TO FULL LOAD CURRENT IS 1200/1A. HENCE IT IS ADOPTED.
¾ HENCE AT FULL LOAD LV CURRENT i.e 826.7A,THEN SECONDARY OF CT CURRENT
WILL BE 0.689A.
¾ SO LV SIDE AUX CT RATIO IS 0.689/0.577A.
¾ SPECIAL INFORMATION: LATEST NUMERICAL RELAYS NEED NOT REQUIRE AUX
CTs. IN THESE RELAYS, CT RATIOS MATCHING CAN BE PROGRAMMED.
BACKUP PROTECTION FOR AT/F HV
(4 CT METHOD)
P2 P2 P2 CT MB
IR4 / C411
IY4 / C431 VR11 / E111
3-CT RAICA IB4 / C451
VY11 / E131
CORE-4 3 3 3
4S4 4S4 4S4
LBB / BFR RAPDK
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 4S3 4S3 4S3
IN4 / C471 DIR O/L & E/F VB11 / E151
CLASS: PS 50Z
REL 505 VN11 / E171
4 CT METHOD : 3-CT & 2-ACT
6 CT METHOD : 3-ACT & 2-ACT
ACTIVE START TRIP

3 3 3
3 3 3
E172
E174 CVT
DISPLAY SELECTION
CT MB BUS-1 CVT /
BUS-2 CVT /
LINE CVT
2-ACT C CORE-1
4S3
CORE-4 4S3
3 3 3 4S3
VA : 200
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A
4S4 4S4 4S4 IB4 / C451 CLASS: 3P
CLASS: PS IY4 / C431
IR4 / C411
E
P2 P2 P2
BACKUP PROTECTION FOR AT/F HV
(5 CT METHOD)
VR11 / E111
VY11 / E131
RAPDK
DIR O/L & E/F VB11 / E151
P2 P2 P2 CT MB
IR4 / C411 REL 505 VN11 / E171
IY4 / C431 ACTIVE START TRIP
3-TCT
3 3 3
IB4 / C451
CORE-4 3 3 3
4S4 4S4 4S4
3 3 3
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 4S3 4S3 4S3
IN4 / C471 E172
CLASS: PS E174 CVT
DISPLAY SELECTION
BUS-1 CVT /
BUS-2 CVT /
LINE CVT
C CORE-1
VA : 200
CLASS: 3P
E
BACKUP PROTECTION FOR AT/F LV
P1 P1 P1 CT MB
IR4 / C411
IY4 / C431 VR11 / E111
LV-CT RAICA IB4 / C451
VY11 / E131
CORE-4
RAPDK
3 3 3
4S2 4S2 4S2
LBB / BFR
CTR: 1200 – 800 /1A 4S1 4S1 4S1
IN4 / C471 VB11 / E151
CLASS: PS 50Z DIR O/L & E/F
REL 505 VN11 / E171
ACTIVE START TRIP
P2 P2 P2 3 3 3
3 3 3
E172
E174 VOLTAGE
DISPLAY
SELECTION
BUS-1 PT /
BUS-2 PT
C CORE-1
VA : 200
CLASS: 3P
E
MISCELLENEOUS
RELAYS & PROTECTIONS
ADOPTED FOR
AUTO TRANSFORMER IN
ONE AND HALF
CIRCUIT BREAKER
SCHEME
(OVER FLUX & REF FUNCTIONS)
PREPARED BY
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
OVER EXCITATION/FLUX RELAY
{FOR AUTO TRANSFORMER HV & LV}
VOLTAGE
SELECTION
BUS-1 PT /
RATUB
BUS-2 PT
V/F RELAY CORE-1

VA : 200
HV CLASS: 3P
CVT SELECTION
BUS-1 CVT / RATUB
BUS-2 CVT /
LINE CVT V/F RELAY
CORE-1 LV
VA : 200
CLASS: 3P
315MVA, 400KV/220KV/33KV AT/F
RESTRICTED EARTH FAULT RELAY
P2 P2 P2
400KV HV
RADHD
BUSHING CT S2
3 3 3 S2 S2
ACTIVE START TRIP
CORE-1 S1 S1 S1
CTR: 1000/1A
CLASS: PS
P1 P1 P1
DISPLAY
P1 P1 P1
NEUTRAL C
BUSHING CT S1
3 3 3 S1 S1
CORE-1 S2 S2 S2 E
CTR: 1000/ 1A
CLASS: PS
P2 P2 P2
P1 P1 P1
220KV LV
BUSHING CT
S1
3 3 3 S1 S1
CORE-1
CTR: 1000/1A
S2 S2 S2
CLASS: PS
P2 P2 P2
315MVA, 400KV/220KV/33KV AT/F
3-PH HIGH IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL RELAY
P2 P2 P2
400KV HV
RADHA
BUSHING CT S2
3 3 3 S2 S2
ACTIVE START TRIP
CORE-1 S1 S1 S1
CTR: 1000/1A
CLASS: PS
P1 P1 P1
DISPLAY
P1 P1 P1
NEUTRAL C
BUSHING CT S1
3 3 3 S1 S1
CORE-1 S2 S2 S2 E
CTR: 1000/ 1A
CLASS: PS
P2 P2 P2
P1 P1 P1
220KV LV
BUSHING CT
S1
3 3 3 S1 S1
CORE-1
CTR: 1000/1A
S2 S2 S2
CLASS: PS
P2 P2 P2
315MVA, 400KV/220KV AT/F VOLAGE SELECTION
BUS-1 1-52CB 2-52CB 3-52CB BUS-2
LINE1
AT/F-1
FEEDER HAVING LINE CVTs &BUSES ARE HAVING BUS CVTs BUT AT/Fs ARE
NOT HAVING CVTs. FOR TRANSFORMER PANEL, PT SUPPLY IS SELECTED AS
PER SELECTION DESCRIBED BELOW FOR METERING AND PROTECTION,
WHICH IS FIRST SELECTED .
If AT/F is feeding from Bus-1 and 1-52CB & 2-52CB is closed. Then
BUS-1 Bus-1 CVT is selected and this supply is extended to Control &
CVT Relay Panels for Auto Transformer.
If AT/F is feeding from Bus-2 and 3-52 CB is closed & 2-52CB is

BUS-2 open. Then Bus-2 CVT is selected and this supply is extended to
CVT Control & Relay Panels for Auto Transformer.
If AT/F is feeding from Direct Line and 2-52CB is closed & 1-52 CB
LINE & 3-52 CB is open and 389T ISO is Closed . Then line CVT is
CVT selected and this supply is extended to Control & Relay Panels for
Auto Transformer.
MAIN-1 & MAIN-2
PROTECTION FOR
SHUNT REACTOR
ADOPTED IN
ONE AND HALF
CIRCUIT BREAKER
SCHEME PREPARED BY
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
BASICS OF SHUNT REACTOR
1. TYPES OF REACTORS :
A. BASED ON REACTOR CONNECTION
i. SHUNT REACTOR.
ii. SERIES REACTOR.
B. BASED ON REACTOR LOCATION
i. BUS REACTOR
ii. LINE REACTOR
C. BASED ON CONTROL
i. 3-PH OIL IMMERSED REACTOR WITH GAPPED IRON CORE.
ii. THYRISTOR CONTROLLED REACTOR (STATIC VAR COMPENSATOR)
(APTRANSCO UTILISING SHUNT REACTORS FOR BUS & LINE IN 400KV NETWORK)
2. NEED OF SHUNT REACTOR:
A. LINE REACTOR
SHUNT REACTORS ARE USED IN ORDER TO COMPENSATE FOR THE CAPACITIVE SHUNT
REACTANCE OF TRANSMISSION LINES. THE REACTOR IS CONNECTED PARALLEL TO THE LINE. THE
LOCATION OF REACTOR IS OUT GOING SIDE OF LINE i.e AFTER CIRCUIT BREAKER. LENGTH OF LINE
IS MORE THERE MAY BE VOLTAGE IS RAISING DUE TO FARANTI EFFECT(CAPACITANCE) DURING
CHARGING. IN CASE OF ZONE-2 (OPEN JUMPER) FAULT, THE FAULT CLEARED BY REMOTE END IS
FAST, BUT THIS END IT WILL TAKE TIME DELAY DUE TO ZONE-2. DURING THIS TIME, VOLTAGE MAY
RAISING. SO, LINE REACTOR IS USED FOR CONTROLLING THE SWITCHING OVER VOLTAGES AND
SAFEGUARD THE OPERATING EQUIPMENT. NORMALLY IT IS ALWAYS IN SERVICE. NORMALLY BOTH
ENDS LINE REACTORS ARE PROVIDED. THE ELECTRICAL INTERLOCK IS PROVIDED THAT IF
REACTOR ISOLATOR CLOSSED POSITION ONLY WILL GIVE PERMIT TO CLOSE THE LINE ISOLATOR.
SIMILARLY FOR OPENING REACTOR ISOLATOR THE LINE ISOLATOR SHOULD BE IN OPEN POSITION.
NEUTRAL REACTOR CONNECTED BETWEEN THE STAR POINT OF EHV SHUNT REACTOR AND THE
GROUND, LIMITS THE SECONDARY ARC CURRENT TO A LOW VALUE OF AROUND 10 AMPS
TYPICALLY FOR 400KV SYSTEM TO ENSURE COMPLETE DE-IONISATION OF ARC PATH WHEN EHV
SYSTEM DEVELOPS A SINGLE LINE TO GROUND FAULT. ARC EXTINCTION DURING LINE SINGLE-
PHASE AUTORECLOSE DEAD TIME IS ASSISTED BY THIS NEUTRAL REACTOR.
B. BUS REACTOR
THE REACTOR IS CONNECTED PARALLEL TO THE BUS i.e LIKE A FEEDER/LINE.
DURING LIGHTLY LOADED CONDITIONS THERE MAY BE POSSIBULITY OF RAISING
BUS VOLTAGES. FOR SAFEGUARD THE OPERATING EQUIPMENT BUS REACTORS
ARE UTILISING. NORMALLY IT IS NOT IN SERVICE. WHENEVER THE VOLTAGE
RAISES TO 4%TO 5% MORE THAN THE RATED VOLTAGE THIS MAY BE KEPT IN
SERVICE AND 2% TO 3% LESS THAN THE RATED VOLTAGE THIS MAY BE KEPT OUT
OF SERVICE.
3. SELECTION OF REACTOR
A. LINE REACTOR
NORMALLY LINE REACTORS ARE PROVIDED IF THE LINE IS MORE OR EQUAL TO
250KM. IN APTRANSCO NETWORK MAXIMUM LENTH OF LINE IS 350KM. AS PER
SYSTEM STUDIES RECOMANDATIONS IF LINE LENGTH IS 250KM TO 300KM 50MVAR
REACTOR IS TO BE USED. IF MORE THAN 300KM 63MVAR REACTOR IS TO BE
USED.
B. BUS REACTOR
NORMALLY BUS REACTORS ARE PROVIDED IF THE SUBSTATION BUS VOLTAGE IS
RAISING 5% MORE THAN THE RATED VOLTAGE DURING LIGHTLY LOADED
CONDITION. BASED ON THE SYSTEM STUDIES RECOMANDATIONS BUS REACTORS
ARE TO BE PROVIDED. CALCULATIONS ARE REQUIRED FOR PROVIDING BUS
REACTOR. IN THIS THERE IS NO STANDARDISATION.
4. LOCATION OF REACTORS WITH CAPACITY IN APTRANSCO
A. LINE REACTOR
1. 400KV KALAPAKA-KHAMMAM 1 AT BOTH ENDS – 63MVAR
2. 400KV KALAPAKA-KHAMMAM 2 AT BOTH ENDS – 63MVAR
B. BUS REACTOR
1. 400KV KALAPAKA SS – 2 X 50 MVAR
2. 400KV NUNNA SS(PGCIL BAYS) – 1 x 63 MVAR
5. PURPOSE OF SHUNT REACTOR PROTECTION
THE PURPOSE OF THE PROTECTION RELAYING IS TO DISCONNECT THE REACTOR AND
LIMIT DAMAGE IN CASE OF INTERNAL SHORT CIRCUITS, EARTH FAULTS, INTERTURN
FAULTS AND OVER VOLTAGE OR OVER LOAD.THE REACTOR FORMS CERTAIN
IMPEDENCE FOR RATED FREQUENCY, AND AS IT IS SHUNT CONNECTED, AS OVER LOAD
MAY BE CAUSED BY OVER VOLTAGE OR HARMONICS IN VOLTAGE AND CURRENT.
6. PROTECTION DEVICES INBUILT OR MOUNTED ON REACTOR
A. OIL IMMERSED REACTOR USUALLY HAVE A GAS DETECTOR AND OIL SURGE.
DETECTOR (BUCHHOLZ ALARAM & TRIP DEVICES), WHICH ARE EXCELLENT FOR
DETECTING INTERNAL FAULTS.
B. TEMPARATURE MONITORS FOR OIL & WINDING PROVIDE GOOD OVER LOAD
PROTECTION.
C. PRESSURE RELIEF DEVICE IS PROVIDED TO SAFE GUARD THE REACTOR FROM HIGH
PRESURES.
7. REACTOR DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION
IT IS WIDELY USED AS INSTANTANEOUS PROTECTION FOR SHORT CIRCUIT FAULTS WITH
IN THE DIFFERENTIAL ZONE. THIS IS TREATED AS MAIN-1 PROT FOR REACTOR.
IT CAN BE OF HIGH IMPEDENCE TYPE OR OF A SENSITIVE CURRENT STABILISED TYPE.
HIGH IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION RELAYS REQUIRE AN EQUAL CT TURNS
RATIO ON THE PHASE AND NEUTRAL SIDE. SENSITIVITY IS 5% OF NOMINAL REACTOR CT
CURRENT.
8. BACK-UP PROTECTION
A VARIETY OF RELAYS ARE AVAILABLE.
A. OVER CURRENT & EARTH FAULT PROTECTION. ( 50, 50N, 51, 51N, 67, 67N - ANY
COMBINATION OF THESE)
B. UNDER IMPEDENCE / DISTANCE ( Z<)(21R).
C. NEUTRAL DISPLACEMENT PROTECTION (Un>).
9. RESTRICTED EARTH FAULT PROTECTION
IF, FOR SOME REASON, A SENSITIVE DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION NOT CHOOSEN A
RESTRICTED EARTH FAULT PROTECTION CAN BE UTILISED.
SHUNT REACTOR (BUS & LINE)
(4CT METHOD)
BUS-1 BUS-2
IL 1-89 3-89
INTER LOCK FACILITY:
WHEN 1-89R CLOSES ONLY
PERMIT TO CLOSE 1-89L AND
1-89L OPENS ONLY
1-52CB 3-52CB
PERMIT TO OPEN 1-89R.
P2 P2
1-CT 3P1 3
P1
3-CT
1-89A 3-89A
2-ACT 2-BCT
1-89R
. 3
3
P2 P1
P1 3
P2 P1 P2
1-RCT IL 2-89A 2-89B
2-52CB
LINE
UUU
SHUNT 3-89R
1-89L
REACTOR
. BUS
UUUU
SHUNT
UUU
1-PH NEUTRAL
REACTOR
GROUNDING REACTOR
LINE 1
SHUNT REACTOR (BUS & LINE)
(5CT METHOD)
BUS-1 BUS-2
IL 1-89 3-89
INTER LOCK FACILITY:
WHEN 1-89R CLOSES ONLY
PERMIT TO CLOSE 1-89L AND
1-89L OPENS ONLY 1-52CB 3-52CB
PERMIT TO OPEN 1-89R.
P2 P2
1-CT 3P1 3 3-CT
P1
1-89A 3-89A
2-CT
1-89R
.
3
P2
P1 3
P1 P2
1-RCT 2-89A 2-89B
IL 2-52CB 3-89R
LINE
UUU
SHUNT P2
REACTOR
1-89L
3 3-RCT
. 3P1
P2 P1 BUS
UUUU
1-LCT SHUNT
1-PH NEUTRAL
UUU
GROUNDING REACTOR
REACTOR
LINE 1
SHUNT REACTOR PROTECTION
PROTECTIONS 3,4,6S - CT METHOD 5,6T1,6T2 - CT METHOD
LINE PROTECTION
MAIN-1 PROTECTION, IN THIS REACTOR CT CURRENT IS OPPOSES THE AS USUAL IN
MAIN&TIE CT CURRENT. VECTOR SUM OF CTs i.e.
MAIN-2 PROTECTION, MAIN, TIE & REACTOR IS LINE CURRENT. 5CT METHOD,
METERING, 3CT METHOD, 4CT METHOD, 6CT(T1) METHOD,
BUSBAR & BUSBAR
6CT(S) METHOD 6CT(T2) METHOD
CHECKUP PROTECTION
LINE SHUNT REACTOR PROTECTION

MAIN PROTECTION ( 87 R ) HV BUSHING CT CORE-1 & NEUTRAL HV BUSHING CT CORE-1 & NEUTRAL
(DIFFERENTIAL BUSHING CT CORE-3 OF LINE SHUNT BUSHING CT CORE-3 OF LINE SHUNT
PROTECTION) REACTOR IS CONNECTED TO 3-PH REACTOR IS CONNECTED TO 3-PH
HIGH IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL HIGH IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL
RELAY. RELAY.
BACK UP PROTECTION(21R) 1-RCT CORE-1 & SELECTED CVT IS 1-RCT CORE-5 & SELECTED CVT IS
( SINGLE STEP REACTOR CONNECTED TO SINGLE STEP CONNECTED TO SINGLE STEP
IMPEDENCE PROTECTION ) REACTOR IMPEDENCE RELAY. REACTOR IMPEDENCE RELAY.
RESTRICTED EARTH FAULT HV BUSHING CT CORE-2 & 1-PH HV BUSHING CT CORE-2 & I-PH
PROTECTION (64 R ) NEUTRAL GROUNDING REACTOR NEUTRAL GROUNDING REACTOR
EARTH BUSHING CT CORE-1.2 OF EARTH BUSHING CT CORE-1.2 OF
LINE SHUNT REACTOR IS LINE SHUNT REACTOR IS
CONNECTED TO 1-PH HIGH CONNECTED TO 1-PH HIGH
IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL
RELAY(REF). RELAY(REF).
METERING REACTOR STAR SIDE BUSHING CT REACTOR STAR SIDE BUSHING CT
CORE-1 IS CONNECTED TO REACTOR CORE-1 IS CONNECTED TO
METERING REACTOR METERING
SHUNT REACTOR PROTECTION
PROTECTIONS 4 CT METHOD 5 CT METHOD
BUS SHUNT REACTOR PROTECTION
MAIN PROTECTION (87 R) HV BUSHING CT CORE-1 & NEUTRAL HV BUSHING CT CORE-1&
(DIFFERENTIALPROTECTION) BUSHING CT CORE-3 OF BUS SHUNT NEUTRAL BUSHING CT CORE-3 OF
REACTOR IS CONNECTED TO 3-PH BUS SHUNT REACTOR IS
HIGH IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL CONNECTED TO 3-PH HIGH
RELAY. IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL RLY.
BACK UP PROTECTION (21R ) 3-CT CORE-5 & 2-ACT CORE-5 3-RCT CORE-5 & SELECTED CVT IS
( SINGLE STEP REACTOR SECONDARIES ARE CONNECTED CONNECTED TO SINGLE STEP
IMPEDENCE PROTECTION ) PARALLEL & SELECTED CVT IS REACTOR IMPEDENCE RELAY.
CONNECTED TO SINGLE STEP
REACTOR IMPEDENCE RELAY.
RESTRICTED EARTH FAULT HV BUSHING CT CORE-2 & EARTH HV BUSHING CT CORE-2 & EARTH
PROTECTION ( 64 R ) BUSHING CT CORE-2 OF BUS SHUNT BUSHING CT CORE-2 OF BUS
REACTOR IS CONNECTED TO 1-PH SHUNT REACTOR IS CONNECTED
HIGH IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL TO 1-PH HIGH IMPEDENCE
RELAY(REF). DIFFERENTIAL RELAY(REF).
SPECIAL PROTECTION
LINE SHUNT REACTOR STUB PROTECTION TEED-1: 1-CT, 2-CT, 1-LCT & 1-RCT
TEED-2: 1-CT, 2-CT, 1-LCT & 1-RCT
BUS SHUNT REACTOR TEE DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION : TEED-1: 3-CT, 2-CT & 3-RCT
3-CT, 2A-CT & REACTOR HV CT TEED-2: 3-CT, 2-CT & 3-RCT
CVT SELECTION LINE SHUNT REACTOR: ACCORDING BUS SHUNT REACTOR:
TO ISOLATORS & BREAKERS ACCORDING TO ISOLATORS &
POSITION BUS-1/ BUS-2/ LINE CVT BREAKERS POSITION BUS-1/
WILL BE SELECTED. BUS-2 CVT WILL BE SELECTED.
REACTOR BUSHING CT CONNECTIONS
CORES LINE SHUNT REACTOR BUS SHUNT REACTOR
4 CT METHOD 5 CT METHOD 4 CT METHOD 5 CT METHOD
HV (400KV SIDE) BUSHING CTs
CORE-1(PS) REACTOR HIGH REACTOR HIGH REACTOR HIGH REACTOR HIGH
IMPEDENCE IMPEDENCE IMPEDENCE IMPEDENCE
DIFFERENTIAL RELAY DIFFERENTIAL RELAY DIFFERENTIAL RELAY DIFFERENTIAL RELAY
CORE-2(PS) RESTRICTED EARTH RESTRICTED EARTH RESTRICTED EARTH RESTRICTED EARTH

FAULT PROTECTION FAULT PROTECTION FAULT PROTECTION FAULT PROTECTION
CORE-3*(PS) SPARE SPARE TEED PROTECTION SPARE

NEUTRAL (STAR POINT SIDE) BUSHING CTs
CORE-1 METERING METERING METERING METERING
(0.2/0.5)
CORE-2(PS) RESTRICTED EARTH RESTRICTED EARTH

SPARE SPARE FAULT PROTECTION FAULT PROTECTION
CORE-3(PS) REACTOR HIGH REACTOR HIGH REACTOR HIGH REACTOR HIGH

IMPEDENCE IMPEDENCE IMPEDENCE IMPEDENCE
DIFFERENTIAL RELAY DIFFERENTIAL RELAY DIFFERENTIAL RELAY DIFFERENTIAL RELAY
NEUTRAL REACTOR (MAIN REACTOR STAR POINT SIDE) BUSHING CTs *NOTE: NORMALLY CORE-3 OF HV
BUSHING CT IS USED FOR REACTOR
CORE-1.1(PS) SPARE SPARE IMPEDENCE PROTECTION. FOR REACTOR
IMPEDENCE PROTECTION EITHER CORE-3
NEUTRAL REACTOR (EARTH POINT SIDE) BUSHING CTs OF HV BUSHING CT OR ONE OF THE
CORE-1.2 (PS) RESTRICTED EARTH RESTRICTED EARTH PROTECTION CORE OF EXTERNAL CT
FAULT PROTECTION FAULT PROTECTION MAY BE UTILISED.
(4CT METHOD) CORE-1: 2000-1000-500/1
P1
3. 1-RCT
CORE-2:
CORE-3:
CORE-4:
2000-1000-500/1
2000-1000-500/1
2000-1000-500/1
CORE-5: 2000-1000-500/1
200/ 1A CORES
3 2 1
CORES
3
5 4 3 2 1
HV BUSHING
. .1-89R
3
3
3
3
3
3
(400KV SIDE) CTs
P2 . . LINE
METERING
1-CT
LINESHUNT UUU
. MAIN-2 PROTECTION
2B-CT
.
LINE
REACTOR
P1 1-CT
200/ 1A
3
. MAIN-1 PROTECTION
2B-CT
3 2 1
CORES
LINE
NEUTRAL BUSHING
3 1-CT
.
2B-CT
(STAR PONT SIDE) 3
REACTOR DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION
CTs
P2 . . RESTRICTED EARTHFAULT PROTECTION
REACTOR IMPEDENCE PROTECTION
P1 . SELECTED
3 BUS-1/ BUS-2/ LINE
200/ 1A CORE – 1.1
P2 . REACTOR METERING
CVT VOLTAGE
UUU
1-PH NEUTRAL
GROUNDING REACTOR
P1
3.
200/ 1A CORE – 1.2
P2 .
(5CT METHOD) CORE-1: 2000-1000-500/1
P1
3. 1-RCT
CORE-2:
CORE-3:
CORE-4:
2000-1000-500/1
2000-1000-500/1
2000-1000-500/1
200/ 1A CORES
3 2 1
CORE-5: 2000-1000-500/1
CORES
3
5 4 3 2 1
HV BUSHING
. .
1-89R
3
3
3
3
3
3
(400KV SIDE) CTs P2
.
P1
1-LCT CORE-1
LINESHUNT
P2
UUU . TEE DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION-1
REACTOR
P1 . 1-CT CORE-5
1-CT
200/ 1A
3
2-CT CORE-5 CORE-4
3 2 1
CORES
NEUTRAL BUSHING
3
(STAR PONT SIDE)
CTs
3 . TEE DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION-2 2-CT
CORE-4
P2 . REACTOR IMPEDENCE PROTECTION

1-LCT
CORE-2
P1
3. SELECTED
200/ 1A CORE – 1.1
.
BUS-1/ BUS-2/ LINE
P2 CVT VOLTAGE
UUU
1-PH NEUTRAL REACTOR DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION

GROUNDING REACTOR
P1
3. . RESTRICTED EARTHFAULT PROTECTION
200/ 1A CORE – 1.2
P2 . REACTOR METERING
(4CT METHOD)
BUSBAR CHECKUP PROT

BUS-2
BUS BAR PROTECTION

3-89
3-52CB
3 P2
SELECTED
RESTRICTED EARTHFAULT PROTECTION

1

BUS-1/ BUS-2 3
CVT VOLTAGE TEE DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION
2
3 3-CT
5 4 3
CORES
REACTOR IMPEDENCE PROTECTION 3
. 3
REACTOR METERING
P1
2-52CB 3-89A
3
3
3
3
3
5 4 3 2 1 3-89R
P2 P1 2-89B
CORES
2A-CT .
.
. . UUU . .
3
3
3
3
3
3
P2 P1 P2 3 2 1 P1
3 2 1
CORES CORES
NEUTRAL BUSHING CTs HV BUSHING CTs
(STAR PONT SIDE) 200/ 1A BUS SHUNT REACTOR 200/ 1A (400KV SIDE)
BUS-2
BUSBAR CHECKUP PROT

BUS BAR PROTECTION
SELECTED (5CT METHOD)
BUS-1/ BUS-2 3-89
CVT VOLTAGE
REACTOR IMPEDENCE PROTECTION

RESTRICTED EARTHFAULT PROTECTION
TEED-2 PROT (BAY 1&2)


3-52CB
3 P2
1
3
2
3 3-CT
3 4 5
CORES
. 3
. 3
2-52CB P1 2-CT P1
P2 3-89A
REACTOR METERING
3
3
3
3
5 4 3 2 1 3-89R
2-89B
CORES P2
1
. 3
CORES
2 3 4
3R-CT
. 3
3
. . UUU . . 3
3
3
3
3
5
3
P2 P1 P2 3 2 1 P1 P1
3 2 1
CORES CORES
NEUTRAL BUSHING CTs HV BUSHING CTs
(STAR PONT SIDE) 200/ 1A BUS SHUNT REACTOR 200/ 1A (400KV SIDE)
CARRIER INTERTRIPPING OF LINE SHUNT REACTOR
LINE SHUNT REACTOR PROTECTION TRIPPINGS WILL BE USED AS DIRECT TRIPPINGS OF LINE IN
ADDITION TO OTHER TRIPPINGS. BUS SHUNT REACTOR NEED NOT REQUIRE CARRIER INTER
TRIPPING FACILITY.
87R REACTOR DIFFERENTIAL RELAY
LINE PROTECTION
RADHA
ABB COUPLER PANEL-1
21R REACTOR IMPEDENCE RELAY
NSD 50
DC +VE
RAKZB FROM PANEL
64R RESTRICTED EARTH FAULT RELAY

RADHD
REACTORS INTERNAL FAULTS
G4AD V9LC 2
GROUP-1/A TRIPPINGS
G4AD V9LC 1 DC –VE FROM PANEL
87R REACTOR DIFFERENTIAL RELAY

ABB LINE PROTECTION
RADHA
COUPLER PANEL-2
21R REACTOR IMPEDENCE RELAY
NSD 50
DC +VE
RAKZB
FROM PANEL
64R RESTRICTED EARTH FAULT RELAY
RADHD
REACTORS INTERNAL FAULTS
G4AD V9LC 2
GROUP-2/B TRIPPINGS
G4AD V9LC 1 DC –VE FROM PANEL
ADDITIONAL AND
SPECIAL FUNCTIONS
ADOPTED IN
ONE AND HALF
CIRCUIT BREAKER
SCHEME
(EVENT LOGGER & DISTURBANCE
RECORDER) PREPARED BY
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
400KV SUBSTATION: MAMIDIPALLY EVENT LOGGER EVENTS INFORMATION
19 MAR 2004 13:00:00
A 13:09:37.090 # 195 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN-2 RAZFE PROT TRIP
A 13:09:37.096 # 188 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN-1 REL100 PROT START’Y’
A 13:09:37.097 # 187 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN-1 REL100 PROT START’R’
A 13:09:37.100 # 181 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN-1 REL100 PROT TRIP
A 13:09:37.104 # 162 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN CB 752 Y-PH OPEN
A 13:09:37.110 # 196 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN-2 RAZFE CARRIER SEND
A 13:09:37.110 # 170 400KV SRISAILAM-2 AT/F-2 TIE CB 852 B-PH OPEN
A 13:09:37.111 # 161 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN CB 752 R-PH OPEN
A 13:09:37.111 # 163 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN CB 752 B-PH OPEN
A 13:09:37.111 # 169 400KV SRISAILAM-2 AT/F-2 TIE CB 852 Y-PH OPEN
A 13:09:37.112 # 168 400KV SRISAILAM-2 AT/F-2 TIE CB 852 R-PH OPEN
A 13:09:37.113 # 182 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN-1 REL100 CARRIER SEND
A 13:09:37.126 # 199 400KV SRISAILAM-2 CARRIER PROT CH-2 RECEIVED
A 13:09:37.140 # 185 400KV SRISAILAM-2 CARRIER PROT CH-1 RECEIVED
N 13:09:37.147 # 195 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN-2 RAZFE PROT TRIP RESET
N 13:09:37.148 # 196 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN-2 RAZFE CARRIER SEND RESET
N 13:09:37.175 # 187 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN-1 REL100 START ‘R’ RESET
N 13:09:37.176 # 181 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN-1 REL100 PROT TRIP RESET
N 13:09:37.176 # 188 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN-1 REL100 START ‘Y’ RESET
N 13:09:37.185 # 182 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN-1 REL100 CARRIER SEND RESET
N 13:09:37.257 # 199 400KV SRISAILAM-2 CARRIER PROT CH-2 RECEIVED RESET
N 13:09:37.279 # 185 400KV SRISAILAM-2 CARRIER PROT CH-1 RECEIVED RESET
19 MAR 2004 14:00:00
N 14:09:48.702 # 163 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN CB 752 B-PH CLOSE
N 14:09:48.704 # 161 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN CB 752 R-PH CLOSE
N 14:09:48.720 # 162 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN CB 752 Y-PH CLOSE
N 14:10:00.903 # 169 400KV SRISAILAM-2 AT/F-2 TIE CB 852 Y-PH CLOSE
N 14:10:00.907 # 168 400KV SRISAILAM-2 AT/F-2 TIE CB 852 R-PH CLOSE
N 14:10:00.907 # 170 400KV SRISAILAM-2 AT/F-2 TIE CB 852 B-PH CLOSE
19 MAR 2004 15:00:00
DISTURBANCE RECORDER
R PH VOLTAGE
Y PH VOLTAGE
B PH VOLTAGE
OPEN DELTA VOLTAGE
R PH CURRENT
Y PH CURRENT
B PH CURRENT
STAR/NEUTRAL CURRENT
MAIN CB R PH OPEN
MAIN CB Y PH OPEN
MAIN CB B PH OPEN
TIE CB R PH OPEN
TIE CB Y PH OPEN
TIE CB B PH OPEN
MAIN/TIE CB LBB OPTD
DIRECT TRIP CH-1/2 OPTD
BUSBAR PROT OPTD
MAIN-1 PROT OPTD
MAIN-2 PROT OPTD
OVER VOLTAGE STAGE-1/2 OPTD
STUB PROT-1/2 OPTD
MAIN-1 PROT CARRIER RECEIVE
MAIN-2 PROT CARRIER RECEIVE
DF/DT OPTD
EVENT NO
NAME OF FEEDER
DATE & TIME
PREFERRED DISTURBANCE RECORDER
400 KV LINES 400 KV TRANSFORMER
ANALOG CHANNELS ANALOG CHANNELS DIGITAL CHANNELS
1. R-PH VOLTAGE 1. HV R-PH VOLTAGE 1. HV MAIN CB R-PH OPEN
2. Y-PH VOLTAGE 2. HV Y-PH VOLTAGE 2. HV MAIN CB Y-PH OPEN
3. B-PH VOLTAGE 3. HV B-PH VOLTAGE 3. HV MAIN CB B-PH OPEN
4. OPEN DELTA VOLTAGE 4. HV OPEN DELTA VOLTAGE 4. HV TIE CB R-PH OPEN
5. R-PH CURRENT 5. LV R-PH VOLTAGE 5. HV TIE CB Y-PH OPEN
6. Y-PH CURRENT 6. LV Y-PH VOLTAGE 6. HV TIE CB B-PH OPEN
7. B-PH CURRENT
7. LV B-PH VOLTAGE 7. LV 220 CB R-PH OPEN
8. NEUTRAL/STAR CURRENT
8. LV OPEN DELTA VOLTAGE 8. LV 220 CB Y-PH OPEN
DIGITAL CHANNELS 9. HV R-PH CURRENT 9. LV 220 CB B-PH OPEN
1. HV MAIN CB R-PH OPEN
10. HV Y-PH CURRENT 10 87 LZ DIFF RLY OPERATED
2. HV MAIN CB Y-PH OPEN
3. HV MAIN CB B-PH OPEN
11. HV B-PH CURRENT 11. HV 67 ABCN OPERATED
4. HV TIE CB R-PH OPEN 12. HV NEUTRAL/STAR CURRENT 12. LV 67 ABCN OPERATED
5. HV TIE CB Y-PH OPEN 13. LV R-PH CURRENT 13. 51 O/L RLY OPERATED
6. HV TIE CB B-PH OPEN 14. LV Y-PH CURRENT 14. 64 REF / 87 HZ RLY OPERATED
7. 21 MAIN1 REL 521 OPERATED 15. LV B-PH CURRENT 15. NDR RLY OPERATED
8. 21 MAIN2 REL 316 OPERATED 16. LV NEUTRAL/STAR CURRENT 16. HV 99T OVER FLUX OPTD
9. 87 BUSBAR RELAY OPERATED 17. LV 99T OVER FLUX OPTD
10. MAIN CB A/R OPERATED 18. HV 400 BUSBAR OPERATED
11. TIE CB A/R OPERATED 19. LV 220 BUSBAR OPERATED
12. PSB OPERATED 20. HV MAIN CB LBB OPERATED
13. SOTF OPERATED 21. HV TIE CB LBB OPERATED
14. 27 O/V STG-1/2 OPERATED 22. LV 220 CB LBB OPERATED
15. 51 STUB-1/2 OPERATED 23. HV 86 GR-A/B RELAY OPTD
16. 87HZ / LZ TEED-1/2 OPERATED
24. LV 86 GR-A/B RELAY OPTD
17. MAIN CB LBB OPERATED
18. TIE CB LBB OPERATED
25. AT/F 21T UZ RELAY OPERATED
19. DIRECT TRIP CH-1/2 TRIP 26. OIL TEMP HIGH TRIP
20. 21M1 / 21M2 CARRIER RECEIVE 27. WNDG TEMP HV/IV/LV TRIP
21. 86 GR-A/B RELAY OPERATED 28. BUCHHOLZ MAIN/OLTC TRIP
22. 67N DEF/TEF RLY OPERATED 29. PRD 1/ 2 TRIP
23. DF/DT RELAY OPERATED 30. AT/F NEUTRAL CURRENT TRIP
CONFIGUARATION
OF CONTROL &
RELAY PANELS IN
ONE AND HALF
CIRCUIT BREAKER
SCHEME PREPARED BY
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
CONFIGUARATION OF C & R PANEL
CONTROL PANEL CB RELAY PANEL LINE PROTECTION PANEL
1. AMMETERS IN 3Phs 1. BREAKER FAILURE RELAY 1. MAIN-1 NUM. DIST. PROT
2. VOLTMETER WITH SEL. SWITCH 2. AUTO RECLOSURE RELAY 2. MAIN-2 NUM. DIST. PROT.
3. WATTMETER 3. CHECK SYNCHRONISING RELAY 3. O/V STAGE-1 (EXT/IN BUILT)
4. VAR METER 4. CB ALARM RELAYS 4. O/V STAGE-2 (EXT/IN BUILT)
5. 20W ANNUCIATION FACIA
6. CB CONTROL (TNC) SWITCH 5. CB TRIP CKT SUPERVISION RELAYS 5. DISTURBANCE RECORDER(EXT/INBUILT)
7. ISO CONTROL (TNC) SWITCH 6. 3-PH TRIP UNITS 86-GA & 86-GB 6. DISTANCE TO FAULT (EXT/ INBUILT)
8. SEMAPHORE FOR EARTH SWITCH 7. 1-PH TRIP RELAYS M1, M2 - 1 2 Nos 7. DC SUPERVISION RELAYS
9. INDICATING LAMPS FOR CB G&R 8. DIRECT TRIP RECEIVE RELAYS 8. TEED-1 PROTECTION
10. INDICATING LAMPS FOR ISO 9. DC SUPERVISION RELAYS 9. TEED-2 PROTECTION
11. INDICATING LAMPS FOR DC 10. U/V RELAY E/S I/L 10. STUB-1/2 PROTECTION (EXT/ INBUILT)
12. INDICATING LAMPS FOR ISO I/L 11. CB MULTIPLICATION RELAY 11. AUXILIARY RELAYS
13. PUSH BUTTON FOR ANNUNCIATION 12. TEST TERMINAL BLOCK 12. MAIN-1 CARRIER SEL.SWITCH
14. SYNCHRONISING SOCKET FOR CB 13. ENERGY METER 13. MAIN-2 CARRIER SEL.SWITCH
15. SYNCHRONISING SEL.SWITCH
14. AUX RELAYS 14. CARRIER RECEIVE RELAYS
16. PROTECTION TRANSFER
17. MIMIC TO REPRESENT SLD 15. PANEL INDICATING LABEL 15. FLAG RELAYS
18. CUTOUT FOR RWTI WITH SEL .SWI. 16. TIMERS
19. PANEL INDICATING LABEL 17. PANEL INDICATING LABEL
* IN CASE OF ONE AND HALF CB
SYSTEM CONTROL PANEL FOR FULL
DIA IS TO BE AVAILABLE
CONFIGUARATION OF C & R PANEL
TRANSFORMER PROTECTION PANEL
REACTOR PROTECTION PANEL
HV PROTECTION PANEL MV PROTECTION PANEL
1. T/F DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION 1. DIRECTIONAL O/L E/F RELAYS 1. REACTOR DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION
2. REF PROTECTION RELAY 2. OVER FLUX PROTECTION 2. REF PROTECTION RELAY
3. DIRECTIONAL O/L E/F RELAYS 3. NEUTRAL DISPALCEMENT RELAY 3. REACTOR IMPEDENCE PROTECTION
4. OVER FLUX PROTECTION 4. VOLTAGE SELECTION RELAYS 4. CVT SELECTION RELAYS
5. OVER LOAD PROTECTION 5. FUSE FAILURE RELAY 5. FLAG RELAYS
6. VOLTAGE SELECTION RELAYS 6. AUX RELAYS FOR T/F TROBLES 6. AUX RELAYS
7. FUSE FAILURE RELAY 7. FLAG RELAYS 7. TIMERS
8. AUX RELAYS FOR T/F TROBLES 8. TIMERS 8. CIRCUIT LABEL
9. FLAG RELAYS 9. CIRCUIT LABEL
10. TIMERS
11. CIRCUIT LABEL
IN ADDITION TO THE ABOVE THE FOLLOWING PANELS WILL BE AVAILABLE
1. CONTROL PANELS FOR LINE, T/F, B/C, TBC, BUS REACTOR (AS & WHEN REQ)
2. COMMON CONTROL PANEL
3. BUS BAR PROTECTION PANELS
4. TRANSFER BUS COUPLER PROTECTION PANEL(IN CASE OF DMT/SMT SCHEME)
5. BUS COUPLER PROTECTION PANEL (IN CASE OF DMT/DB SCHEME)
I. NOMINCLATURE FOR PANELS ARE NORMALLY
MAIN CB PANEL – RLA, TIE CB PANEL – RTB, HV CB PANEL – RTRA, LV CB PANEL – RTRD
LINE PROTECTION PANEL – RLB, HV PROTECTION PANEL – RTRB, LV PROTECTION PANEL
– RTRC, LINE REACTOR PROTECTION PANEL – RLRC, BUS REACTOR PROTECTION PANEL –
RBRA, BUS BAR PANEL – RBBA, CONTROL PANEL – CP, KP, KT, KBC, KTBC,KL,CCP
400KV INTEGRATED CONTROL PANELS
400KV LINE CB RELAY & PROTN PANEL
4RLA 4RLB 4RTB
79 + 25 79 + 25
(AUTO RECLOSURE + (AUTO RECLOSURE +
CHECK SYNC RELAY) CHECK SYNC RELAY)
50 Z 50 Z
(LBB / BFR) 21 MAIN 1 (LBB / BFR)
CB TROUBLE ALARAM CB TROUBLE ALARAM

AND TRIP RELAYS AND TRIP RELAYS
TSR DC TSR TSR DC TSR

TC-1 I & II TC-1I TC-1 I & II TC-1I
21 MAIN 2
1-PH TRIP 1-PH TRIP
86 GR -A RELAYS -6 86 GR -A RELAYS -6
FOR 21M1 FOR 21M1
1-PH TRIP 1-PH TRIP
DC-1I
86 GR -B RELAYS -6 DC-1 86 GR -B RELAYS -6
FOR 21M2 FOR 21M2
D/T CH-1 D/T CH-2 D/T CH-1 D/T CH-2

RECEIVE RECEIVE 59 L1 59 L2 RECEIVE RECEIVE
RELAYS RELAYS O/V STG-1 O/V STG-1i RELAYS RELAYS
UNDER BREAKER BREAKER

21 MAIN 1 21 MAIN 1i
VOLTAGE MULTIPLICA MULTIPLICA
AUX RELYS AUX RELYS
RELAY TION RELAY TION RELAY
87 HIGH 87 LOW
TEED-1 TEED-2
400KV LINE + R CB RELAY & PROTN PANEL
4RLA 4RLRB 4RLC 4RTB
79 + 25 75 A 79 + 25
(AUTO RECLOSURE + 75 B (AUTO RECLOSURE +
CHECK SYNC RELAY) 75 L CHECK SYNC RELAY)
50 Z 87 MAIN 50 Z
(LBB / BFR) 21 MAIN 1 (LBB / BFR)
HIGH IMP


21 IMP
21 MAIN 2
1-PH TRIP DISTANCE 1-PH TRIP
86 GR -A RELAYS -6 86 GR -A RELAYS -6
FOR 21M1 FOR 21M1
1-PH TRIP DC-1I 1-PH TRIP
DC-1I
DC-1
DC-1
86 GR -B RELAYS -6 86 GR -B RELAYS -6
FOR 21M2 FOR 21M2
D/T CH-1 D/T CH-2 HIGH SPEED D/T CH-1 D/T CH-2
59 L1 59 L2
RECEIVE RECEIVE 64 REF AUX TRIP O/V STG-1 O/V STG-1i
RECEIVE RECEIVE
RELAYS RELAYS RELAYS RELAYS RELAYS
UNDER BREAKER BREAKER

21 MAIN 1 21 MAIN 1i
VOLTAGE MULTIPLIC MULTIPLICA
AUX RELYSAUX RELYS
RELAY ATION TION RELAY
RELAY
87 HIGH 87 LOW
TEED-1 TEED-2
400KV ICT HV + IV CB RELAY & PROTN PANEL
4RTRA 4RTRB 4RTRC
75 A 75 A
75 B 75 B
75 L
50 Z 87 MAIN 1 50 Z
(LBB / BFR) (LBB / BFR)
LOW IMP


87 MAIN 2
HIGH IMP
86 GR -A 86 GR -B 86 GR -A 86 GR -B
INTER TRIP INTER TRIP HIGH SPEED
DC-1I
RECEIVE RECEIVE DC-1 AUX TRIP
RELAYS RELAYS RELAYS
AUX RLYS AUX RLYS

67 HV 67 IV INTER TRIP INTERTRIP
RECEIVE RECEIVE
BREAKER BREAKER
99T 99T
MULTIPLICA MULTIPLICA
HV O/F IV O/F
TION RELAY TION RELAY
ICT / ATF TROUBLES

ALARAM & TRIP
FLAG RELAYS
AUX RLYS AUX RLYS

FOR HV FOR IV
87 HIGH 87 LOW
TEED-1 TEED-2
400KV BUS REACTOR CB RELAY & PROTN PANEL
4RBRA 4RBRB 4RTB
79 + 25
75 A
(AUTO RECLOSURE +
75 B
CHECK SYNC RELAY)
50 Z 87 MAIN 50 Z
(LBB / BFR) (LBB / BFR)
HIGH IMP


21 IMP
DISTANCE 1-PH TRIP
86 GR -A 86 GR -B 86 GR -A RELAYS -6
FOR 21M1
1-PH TRIP
DC-1I
DC-1 86 GR -B RELAYS -6
FOR 21M2
HIGH SPEED D/T CH-1 D/T CH-2

64 REF AUX TRIP RECEIVE RECEIVE
RELAYS RELAYS RELAYS
BREAKER BREAKER
87 HIGH 87 LOW
MULTIPLICA MULTIPLICA
TEED-1 TEED-2
TION RELAY TION RELAY
400KV BUSBAR PROTECTION PANEL
4RBB1 BBM1 BAY UNITS 4RBB2 BBM1 + 96 UNITS 4RBB3 BBM2 + 96 UNITS 4RBB4 BBM2 BAY UNITS
TRIP LOGICS
OF
ONE AND HALF
CIRCUIT BREAKER
SCHEME
PREPARED BY
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
GROUP-A & GROUP-B TRIPPINGS
FOR 400KV STATIONS THERE SHALL BE TWO SEPARATE BATTERY SYSTEMS AVAILABLE FOR
PROTECTION, CONTROL & TRIPPING/CLOSING OPERATIONS. TO OBTAIN REDUNDENCY AND TO BE
ABLE TO TAKE PROTECTION OUT FOR MAINTANENCE, WHILE EQUIPMENT IS IN SERVICE, THE
RELAYS ARE ELECTRICALLY AND PHYSICALLY SEGREGATED IN TO TWO GROUPS. GROUPING IS
DONE TO THE EXTENT POSSIBLE IN SUCH A WAY THAT EACH GROUP CAN INDEPENDENTLY
CARRYOUT PROTECTIVE FUNCTIONS WITH NEAR EQUAL REDUNDENCY. INTER CONNECTION OF
THESE TWO GROUPS SHALL NOT BE GENERALLY BE ATTEMPTED.
DISTRIBUTION OF DC SUPPLY SHALL BE DONE BAY WISE TO FEED THE FOLLOWING
1. PROTECTION
2. CB CONTROL
3. ISOLATOR / EARTH SWITCH CONTROL
4. ANNUNCIATION / INDICATION
LINE PROTECTION TRANSFORMER PROTECTION REACTOR PROTECTION
GROUP-A GROUP-A GROUP-A
MAIN-1 PROTECTION T/F DIFFERENTIAL RELAY REACTOR DIFFERENTIAL RELAY
M1 BUILT IN FUNCTIONS T/F HV BACKUP RELAY REACTOR BACKUP / 21R RELAY
TEED-1 PROTECTION T/F IMP / 21T RELAY OIL TEMP HIGH TRIP
OVER VOLTAGE STAGE-1 PROT T/F HV OVERFLUX RELAY PRESURE RELIEF TRIP
DIRECT TRIP CHANNEL-1 RECEIVED OIL TEMP HIGH TRIP GROUP-B
GROUP-B PRESURE RELIEF TRIP REACTOR REF RELAY
MAIN-2 PROTCTION TERITIARY DELTA WNDG NDR PROT BUCHHOLZ TRIP
M2 BUILT IN FUNCTIONS GROUP-B WINDING TEMP HIGH TRIP
TEED-2 PROTECTION T/F REF / HIGH Z DIFF RELAY LOW/ HIGH OIL LEVEL TRIP
OVER VOLTAGE STAGE-2 PROT BUCHHOLZ TRIP FIRE PROTECTION TRIP
LBB/BFR RELAY T/F LV BACKUP RELAY
DIRECT TRIP CHANNEL-2 RECEIVED T/F NEUTRAL CURRENT / 51 O/C RLY
T/F LV OVERFLUX RELAY
OVER LOAD PROT (ALARM ONLY)
OLTC BUCHHOLZ TRIP
WINDING TEMP HIGH TRIP
LOW/ HIGH OIL LEVEL TRIP
MAIN CB FOR LINE (1-52CB)TRIPPING LOGICS
INITIATE M_CB 3PH TRIP UNIT GR-A

INITIATE M_CB 3PH TRIP UNIT GR-B

INITIATE T_CB 3PH TRIP UNIT GR-A

INITIATE T_CB 3PH TRIP UNIT GR-B

MAIN-1/MAIN-2 CARRIER SEND
INITIATE SCADA (DR & SOE)

DIRECT TRIP CARRIER SEND
INITIATE 400KV B/B PROT
BLOCK M_CB A/R RELAY
START M_CB A/R RELAY
BLOCK T_CB A/R RELAY

START T_CB A/R RELAY
SYMBOL
OUTPUT
GROUP
PROTECTION
RELAY
INITIATE ALARM
MAIN-1 PROTECTION 21 M1 A 1-PH X X X X X X X
MAIN-2 PROTECTION 21 M2 B 1-PH X X X X X X X
SOTF, PSB IN BUILT FUNCTIONS OF DISTANCE SCHEME
OVER VOLTAGE
STAGE-1 & STAGE-2 59 L1 & L2 A 3-PH X X X X X X X
(BUILT – IN 21 M1)
OVER VOLTAGE
STAGE-1 & STAGE-2 59 L1 & L2 B 3-PH X X X X X X X
(BUILT – IN 21 M2)
STUB, TOC, BOC,
TEF, DEF, A 3-PH X X X X X X X
(BUILT- IN 21M1)
STUB, TOC, BOC,
TEF, DEF, B 3-PH X X X X X X X
(BUILT- IN 21M2)
TEED PROT-1 87T HZ A 3-PH X X X X X X X
TEED PROT-2 87T LZ B 3-PH X X X X X X X
DIRECT TRIP CH-1 RECD A 3-PH X X X X

DIRECT TRIP CH-2 RECD B 3-PH X X X X
M_CB BFR / LBB PROT B 3-PH X X X
T_CB BFR / LBB PROT B 3-PH X X
MAIN CB FOR LINE (1-52 CB) TRIPPING LOGICS
SYMBOL
OUTPUT
GROUP
PROTECTION
INITIATE T_CB A/R PRIORITY
INITIATE M_C B TRIP COIL-2

INITIATE M_C B TRIP COIL-1
RELAY
89LE C LOSE PERMISSION

START LBB/BFR M_C B
TO SCADA (DR & SOE)

INITIATE ALARM
CLOSE MAIN CB
AUTO RECLOSURE RELAY 1-PH & 3-
79 A/R A&B X X X X
(BUILT IN 21M1 & 21M2) PH
SYNC CHECK RELAY

25 SYNC A&B 3-PH X X X X
(BUILT IN 21M1 & 21M2)
1-PH TRIP UNIT GR-A 186 A 1-PH X X X
3-PH TRIP UNIT GR-A 86 GR A A 3-PH X X X X X
1-PH TRIP UNIT GR-B 286 B 1-PH X X X
3-PH TRIP UNIT GR-B 86 GR B B 3-PH X X X X X
TRIP SIGNAL FROM 400KV

96 BB 3-PH X X X
BUSBAR PROTECTION
LINE UNDER VOLTAGE RELAY 27 UV X

RELAY
PROTECTION
(152 CB & 352 CB)
3-PH TRIP UNIT GR-B

1-PH TRIP UNIT GR-B
3-PH TRIP UNIT GR-A
1-PH TRIP UNIT GR-A
SYNC CHECK RELAY
T_CB BFR / LBB PROT
M_CB BFR / LBB PROT
DIRECT TRIP CH-2 RECD

DIRECT TRIP CH-1 RECD
AUTO RECLOSURE RELAY
25
79
SYMBOL
286
186
A/R
86B
86A
50 Z
50 ZT
B
A
B
B
A
A
B
&
A
B
B
GROUP
&
OUTPUT
3-PH
3-PH
3-PH
1-PH
3-PH
1-PH
3-PH
3-PH
1-PH
3-PH
3-PH
152 INITIATE M_CB 1PH TRIP UNIT GR-A

152 INITIATE M_CB 1PH TRIP UNIT GR-B
X

252 INITIATE T_CB 1PH TRIP UNIT GR-A
X
252 INITIATE T_CB 3PH TRIP UNIT GR-A
252 INITIATE T_CB 1PH TRIP UNIT GR-B
X
X
252 INITIATE T_CB 3PH TRIP UNIT GR-B

TIE CB TRIPPING LOGICS

X

X
X
X
X
252 INITIATE T_CB TRIPCOIL-1 & COIL-2

X
X
X
X
252 START LBB/BFR OF T_CB

X
X
252 CLOSE T_CB

X
X
DIRECT TRIP CARRIER SEND

X
X
X
X
X
X
INITIATE ALARM
X
X
X
X
X
X
INITIATE SCADA (DR & SOE)

MAIN CB FOR AT/F (3-52CB)TRIPPING LOGICS
INITIATE LV_CB 3PH TRIP UNIT GR-A

INITIATE LV_CB 3PH TRIP UNIT GR-B

START LV_CB LBB/BFR RELAY

START M_CB LBB/BFR RELAY
INTER TRIP CIRCUIT HV & LV
INITIATE LV_CBTRIP COIL-2

INITIATE LV_CB TRIP COIL-1
INITIATE M_CB TRIP COIL-1
INITIATE M_CBTRIP COIL-2

SYMBOL
OUTPUT
GROUP
INITIATE SCADA ( SOE)

PROTECTION
RELAY
INITIATE ALARM
DIFFERENTIAL RELAY 87T(LZ) A 3-PH X X X X X X
HV BACKUP PROTECTION 67 ABCN A 3-PH X X X X X X
HV OVER FLUX PROT 99T HV A 3-PH X X X X X X
OVER LOAD RELAY 51 O/L A 3-PH X X X X X X
HV PROT TRIP UNIT GR-A & B 86 GR-A/B A/B 3-PH X X X X X X X
REF PROTECTION 64T(HZ) B 3-PH X X X X X X
TEED PROT-1 / 2 87T HZ/LZ A/B 3-PH X X X X X X X X X X X
STUB PROT 50 STUB A 3-PH X X X X X X
AT/F TROUBLE TRIP HV & LV 86 GR-A/B A/B 3-PH X X X X X X X X X
AT/F TROUBLE ALRM X X
M_CB BFR / LBB PROT 50Z B 3-PH X X X X X X
T_CB BFR / LBB PROT 50ZT B 3-PH X X X X X X
LV_CB BFR / LBB PROT 50Z B 3-PH X X X X X X X
400KV B/B PROT 87 BB 96 3-PH X X X X X
220KV B/B PROT 87 BB 96 3-PH X X X X X X
LV BACKUP PROTECTION 67 ABCN B 3-PH X X X X X X
LV OVER FLUX PROT 99T LV B 3-PH X X X X X X
TERI NEUTRAL DISP PROT 151N A 3-PH X X X X X X
LV PROT TRIP UNIT GR-A & B 86 GR-A/B A/B 3-PH X X X X X X X
PROTECTION TRIP SCHEME
86-A ABB 86-A ABB 86-A
MTR/ REL521 MTR/ RET521 MTR/
HSTR MAIN-1 HSTR MAIN-1 HSTR

1-52CB 2-52CB 3-52CB
BUS-1 BUS-2
86-B
ABB ABB 86-B ABB 86-B
REL521
MTR/ REL316 MTR/ RET316 MTR/
MAIN-1
HSTR MAIN-2 HSTR MAIN-2 HSTR
86-A : GROUP-A MASTER TRIP RELAY / HIGH SPEED TRIP RELAY

86-B : GROUP-B MASTER TRIP RELAY / HIGH SPEED TRIP RELAY
MAIN-1/ MAIN-2
ZONE-1 & SINGLE PHASE FAULT
INITIATE MAIN CB GR-A 1-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 1-POLE )
REL 521 INITIATE TIE CB GR-A 1-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 1-POLE )
ACTIVE START TRIP START MAIN CB AUTO RECLOSURE
START TIE CB AUTO RECLOSURE
CARRIER SEND
DISPLAY INITIATE FLAG RELAY (INTURN FLAG RELAY OPERATES)
INITIATE ALARM (ANNUNCIATION COME)
C TO DISTURBANCE RECORDER
TO EVENT RECORDER ( SOE/ SCADA )
E TO LBB/BFR INITIATION
INITIATE MAIN CB GR-B 1-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 1-POLE )
REL 316 INITIATE TIE CB GR-B 1-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 1-POLE )
ACTIVE START TRIP
START MAIN CB AUTO RECLOSURE
START TIE CB AUTO RECLOSURE
CARRIER SEND
DISPLAY
INITIATE FLAG RELAY (INTURN FLAG RELAY OPERATES)
C INITIATE ALARM (ANNUNCIATION COME)

TO DISTURBANCE RECORDER
E TO EVENT RECORDER ( SOE/ SCADA )

TO LBB/BFR INITIATION
AUTO RECLOSURE
¾ CONDITIONS REQUIRED FOR A/R OPERATION
1. CB CLOSE CONDITION.
2. TIME LAPSED MORE THAN RECLAIM TIME.
3. OPERATING PRESSURE OF CB SUITABLE FOR AUTORECLOSURE
OPERATION.
4. DC SUPPLY TO AUTORECLOSURE SHOULD BE AVAILABLE.
5. PREPARE 3-PH TRIP RELAY SHOULD BE RELEASED CONDITION.
6. NO BLOCKING SIGNAL TO AUTORECLOSURE RELAY.
7. POLE DISTURBANCE RELAY TIME SHOULD BE MORE THAN
TWICE OF DEAD TIME OF AUTO RECLOSURE.
7. CARRIER FAIL SIGNAL SHOULD NOT COME AT BOTH ENDS.
8. CARRIER SWITCH SHOULD BE IN SERVICE CONDITION.
9. SINGLE PHASE & ZONE-1 FAULT ONLY.
¾ AUTO RECLOSURE OPERATION
1. TRIP MAIN CB SINGLE POLE.
2. TRIP TIE CB SINGLE POLE.
3. CLOSE MAIN CB AFTER DEAD TIME.
4. IF A/R SUCCESS FOR MAIN CB THEN AFTER SUPPLEMENTARY TIME
DELAY CLOSE TIE CB.(NORMALLY SUPPLEMENTARY TIME DELAY IS
DEAD TIME)
5. IF A/R UNSUCCESS THEN TRIP MAIN & TIE CBs.
6. IF MAIN CB OPEN CONDITION, THEN NO SUPPLEMENTARY DELAY TIME
FOR TIE A/R. IT WILL OPERATE ITs OWN DEAD TIME.
MAIN-1/ MAIN-2
ZONE-1 & TWO / THREE PHASE FAULT
INITIATE MAIN CB GR-A 1-PH TRIP UNITS ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
REL 521 INITIATE TIE CB GR-A 1-PH TRIP UNITS ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
ACTIVE START TRIP BLOCK MAIN CB AUTO RECLOSURE
BLOCK TIE CB AUTO RECLOSURE
CARRIER SEND
E TO LBB/BFR INITIATION
INITIATE MAIN CB GR-B 1-PH TRIP UNITS ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
REL 316 INITIATE TIE CB GR-B 1-PH TRIP UNITS ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
ACTIVE START TRIP
BLOCK MAIN CB AUTO RECLOSURE
CARRIER SEND
DISPLAY


MAIN-1/ MAIN-2
ZONE-2 & 1 / 2 / 3 PHASE FAULT
CARRIER SIGNAL
RECEIVED ACTIVE START TRIP BLOCK MAIN CB AUTO RECLOSURE
& ZONE-2 STARTER BLOCK TIE CB AUTO RECLOSURE
IS PICKUP CONDITION
INITIATE ALARM (ANNUNCIATION CAME)
E
CARRIER SIGNAL
ACTIVE START TRIP
RECEIVED BLOCK MAIN CB AUTO RECLOSURE
& ZONE-2 STARTER
IS PICKUP CONDITION
CARRIER SEND ( IF PUTT OR2 SCHEME SELECTED )
DISPLAY


MAIN-1/ MAIN-2
ZONE- 3/4/5 & 1 / 2 / 3 PHASE FAULT
INITIATE ALARM (ANNUNCIATION CAME)
E
ACTIVE START TRIP
DISPLAY


DISTANCE SCHEME TRIPPING OUTPUTS
MAIN CB TIE CB
CO CO
186 R 186 R
TO TRIP COIL-1 REL 521 TO TRIP COIL-1

TO TRIP COIL-2 ACTIVE START TRIP TO TRIP COIL-2
186 Y 186 Y
DISPLAY
TO TRIP COIL-1 TO TRIP COIL-1
C
186 B 186 B
E
CO CO
286 R 286 R
TO TRIP COIL-1 REL 316 TO TRIP COIL-1

TO TRIP COIL-2 ACTIVE START TRIP TO TRIP COIL-2
286 Y 286 Y
TO TRIP COIL-1
DISPLAY
TO TRIP COIL-1
C
286 B 286 B
E
MAIN LBB
INITIATION
INITIATE BUSBAR PROTECTION ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP CONNECTED BUS CBs)
1-PH TRIP RELAYS OF
INITIATE TIE CB 86-GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
MAIN-1 PROTECTION RAICA
BLOCK MAIN CB & TIE CB AUTO RECLOSURE
ACTIVE START TRIP
DIRECT TRANSFER TRIP-1 CARRIER SEND TO OTHER END
1-PH TRIP RELAYS OF
MAIN-2 PROTECTION DIRECT TRANSFER TRIP-2 CARRIER SEND TO OTHER END
DISPLAY CLOSE INTERLOCK OF MAIN CB & TIE CB
86-GR-A INITIATE FLAG RELAY (INTURN FLAG RELAY OPERATES)
MASTER TRIP RELAY
86-GR-B
MASTER TRIP RELAY
96 BB
BUSBAR RELAY
TIE LBB
INITIATION
1-PH TRIP RELAYS OF INITIATE MAIN CB 86-GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT (TRIP BAY1 CB 3-POLES )
MAIN-1 PROTECTION
INITIATE MAIN CB 86-GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( TRIP BAY3 CB 3-POLES )
OF LINE-1(BAY1) &
LINE-2 (BAY3) RAICA BLOCK MAIN CB OF BAY1 & BAY3 AUTO RECLOSURE
ACTIVE START TRIP BLOCK TIE CB AUTO RECLOSURE
1-PH TRIP RELAYS OF
MAIN-2 PROTECTION CLOSE INTERLOCK OF MAIN CB OF BAY1 & BAY 3
OF LINE-1 (BAY1) &
CLOSE INTERLOCK OF TIE CB
LINE-2 (BAY 3)
DISPLAY DIRECT TRANSFER TRIP-1 CARRIER SEND TO BAY1 & BAY3 LINES
86-GR-A DIRECT TRANSFER TRIP-2 CARRIER SEND TO BAY1 & BAY3 LINES
MASTER TRIP RELAY INITIATE FLAG RELAY (INTURN FLAG RELAY OPERATES)
86-GR-B
MASTER TRIP RELAY TO DISTURBANCE RECORDER (BAY1 & BAY3)
BUS BAR PROTECTION
INITIATE ALL CBs TRIP UNITS CONNECTED TO THIS BUS AND OPERATE.
TO TRIP COIL-1 CONCERNED BAY CB
RED 521 TO TRIP COIL-2 CONCERNED BAY CB
ACTIVE START TRIP TO CLOSE CIRCUIT INTERLOCK OF CONCERN CB
DIRECT TRIP SEND CHANNEL-1 TO OTHER END
DISPLAY TO LBB/BFR INITIATION
FROM LBB/BFR TO BUS BAR TRIPPING
C TO DISTURBANCE RECORDER OF MAIN-1

TO DISTURBANCE RECORDER OF MAIN-2

INITIATE ALL CBs TRIP UNITS CONNECTED TO THIS BUS AND OPERATE.
TO TRIP COIL-1 CONCERNED BAY CB
REB 670 TO TRIP COIL-2 CONCERNED BAY CB
ACTIVE START TRIP TO CLOSE CIRCUIT INTERLOCK OF CONCERN CB
DISPLAY TO LBB/BFR INITIATION
FROM LBB/BFR TO BUS BAR TRIPPING
C TO DISTURBANCE RECORDER OF MAIN-1
TO DISTURBANCE RECORDER OF MAIN-2

STUB PROTECTION
INITIATE MAIN CB 86-GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
REL 521 INITIATE TIE CB 86-GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
LINE /AT/F
ISOLATOR
OPENS CLOSE INTERLOCK OF MAIN CB
DISPLAY CLOSE INTERLOCK OF TIE CB
INITIATE MAIN CB 86-GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
REL 316 INITIATE TIE CB 86-GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
ACTIVE START TRIP
LINE /AT/F BLOCK TIE CB AUTO RECLOSURE
ISOLATOR
OPENS DISPLAY CLOSE INTERLOCK OF MAIN CB
C INITIATE FLAG RELAY (INTURN FLAG RELAY OPERATES)

E TO DISTURBANCE RECORDER
TEED PROTECTION
RADHA INITIATE TIE CB 86-GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
87 T1 BLOCK TIE CB AUTO RECLOSURE

CLOSE INTERLOCK OF MAIN CB
(HZ) DISPLAY CLOSE INTERLOCK OF TIE CB
RADSB INITIATE TIE CB 86-GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
ACTIVE START TRIP
87 T2
(LZ) DISPLAY CLOSE INTERLOCK OF MAIN CB


MAIN-1/ MAIN-2
OVER VOLTAGE STAGE-1
REL 521 INITIATE TIE CB 86-GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
110% OF V
ACTIVE START TRIP BLOCK MAIN CB & TIE CB AUTO RECLOSURE
4 SECS FOR
FEEDER-1 DIRECT TRANSFER TRIP-1 CARRIER SEND TO OTHER END
5 SECS FOR
FEEDER-2
REL 316 INITIATE TIE CB 86-GR-a 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
110% OF V
ACTIVE START TRIP
4 SECS FOR BLOCK MAIN CB & TIE CB AUTO RECLOSURE
FEEDER-1
5 SECS FOR
FEEDER-2 DIRECT TRANSFER TRIP-2 CARRIER SEND TO OTHER END
DISPLAY
CLOSE INTERLOCK OF MAIN CB & TIE CB

RXEG 21 INITIATE TIE CB 86-GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
ACTIVE START TRIP BLOCK MAIN CB & TIE CB AUTO RECLOSURE
120% OF V
20m SECS
TO DISTURBANCE RECORDER (MAIN-1 & MAIN-2)
UNDER VOLTAGE RELAY
RXEG 21
ACTIVE START TRIP
1O% OF V LINE EARTH SWITCH CLOSE PERMISSION ONLY.

DISPLAY
C
E
CARRIER TRIPPING SCHEMES(TELEPROTECTION)
DETAILS PERMISSIVE TRIPPING DIRECT TRIPPING
CHANNEL-1 MAIN-1 PROTECTION : HERE CHANNEL-1 & CHANNEL-2 SIGNALS ARE MAIN & ALTERNATE CHANNEL
IT SENDS SIGNAL PARALLEL VIA 1. TIE CB OPEN CONDITION + MAIN CB REMOTE HAND TRIP GIVEN.
SEND PLCC PROTECTION COUPLER PANEL-1 AS A MAIN CHANNEL & 2. MAIN CB OPEN CONDITION + TIE CB REMOTE HAND TRIP GIVEN.
PLCC PROTECTION COUPLER PANEL-2 AS A ALTERNATE 3. TIE CB OPEN CONDITION + 87 BUSBAR-1 OPERATED.
CHANNEL.. 4. MAIN CB OPEN CONDITION + 87 BUSBAR-2 OPERATED
(FOR HALF DIA ONLY).
CHANNEL-2 MAIN-2 PROTECTION : 5. MAIN CB 50 LBB/BFR OPERATED.
IT SENDS SIGNAL PARALLEL VIA 6. TIE CB 50 LBB/BFR OPERATED.
SEND PLCC PROTECTION COUPLER PANEL-2 AS A MAIN CHANNEL & 7. 59L1 OVER VOLTAGE STAGE-1 OPERATED.
PLCC PROTECTION COUPLER PANEL-1 AS A ALTERNATE 8. 59L2 OVER VOLTAGE STAGE-2 OPERATED.
CHANNEL. 9. 87 TEED-1 PROTECTION OPERATED
10. 87 TEED-2 PROTECTION OPERATED
CHANNEL-1 MAIN-1 PROTECTION : 1. TO 86-A MASTER TRIP RELAY (HIGH SPEED TRIP RELAY) FOR MAIN CB.
IT RECEIVES SIGNAL PARALLEL VIA 2. TO 86-A MASTER TRIP RELAY (HIGH SPEED TRIP RELAY) FOR TIE CB.
RECEIVE PLCC PROTECTION COUPLER PANEL-1 AS A MAIN CHANNEL &
PLCC PROTECTION COUPLER PANEL-2 AS A ALTERNATE
CHANNEL.
MAIN-2 PROTECTION :
CHANNEL-2 IT RECEIVES SIGNAL PARALLEL VIA 1. TO 86-B MASTER TRIP RELAY (HIGH SPEED TRIP RELAY) FOR MAIN CB.
RECEIVE PLCC PROTECTION COUPLER PANEL-2 AS A MAIN CHANNEL & 2. TO 86-B MASTER TRIP RELAY (HIGH SPEED TRIP RELAY) FOR TIE CB.
PLCC PROTECTION COUPLER PANEL-1 AS A ALTERNATE
CHANNEL.
CARRIER TRIPPING SCHEMES(TELEPROTECTION)
21 M1 – REL 521 21 M1 – REL 521
CARRIER CARRIER ABB Network Partner AG REL531
PANEL-1 PANEL-1
PT SEND PT SEND
C C
E
PT RECEIVE PT RECEIVE E
PT SEND PT SEND
DIRECT TRIP PT RECEIVE PT RECEIVE DIRECT TRIP

SEND CH-1 DT SEND DT SEND SEND CH-1
MAIN CB 86-A DT RECEIVE DT RECEIVE MAIN CB 86-A
TIE CB 86-A TIE CB 86-A

ONE END OTHER END
21 M2 21 M2
REL 316 CARRIER CARRIER REL 316
PANEL-2 PANEL-2
1 9 1 9
2 10 2 10
3 11 3 11
4 12 4 12
5 13 5 13
6 14 6 14
7 15 7 15
PT SEND PT SEND
8 16 8 16
C
PT RECEIVE PT RECEIVE C
E E
PT SEND PT SEND
DIRECT TRIP PT RECEIVE PT RECEIVE DIRECT TRIP
SEND CH-2 SEND CH-2
DT SEND DT SEND
MAIN CB 86-B DT RECEIVE DT RECEIVE MAIN CB 86-B
PT : PERMISSIVE PROTECTION TRANSFER TRIP
TIE CB 86-B DT : DIRECT TRANSFER TRIP TIE CB 86-B
DIRECT TRANSFER TRIP
CHANNEL – 1 / 2 RECEIVED
85 LO X1 INITIATE TIE CB 86-GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
DIRECT TRIP
CHANNEL-1
RECEIVED CLOSE INTERLOCK OF MAIN CB
DISPLAY CLOSE INTERLOCK OF TIE CB
85 LO X2 INITIATE TIE CB 86-GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
ACTIVE START TRIP
DIRECT TRIP BLOCK TIE CB AUTO RECLOSURE
CHANNEL-2
RECEIVED. DISPLAY CLOSE INTERLOCK OF MAIN CB

86-GA & 86 GB MASTER TRIP / HIGH SPEED
TRIP LOCKOUT RELAY OPERATION
TRIP COIL-1
TRIP COIL -1

86-GA (INBUILT MAIN-1) 86-GA
MASTER DIRECT TRIP CHANNEL-1 MASTER
RECEIVED
TRIP / TRIP /
HIGH SOTF PROTECTION HIGH
(INBUILT MAIN-1)
SPEED SPEED
DEF,TOC, BOC, STUB
TRIP (INBUILT MAIN-1)
TRIP
RELAY RELAY
TEED-1 PROTECTION
TIE CB
MAIN CB

( IN BUILT MAIN-2 )
DIRECT TRIP CHANNEL-2

86-GB RECEIVED
86-GB
TRIP COIL -2
MASTER SOTF PROTECTION MASTER
( IN BUILT MAIN-2 )
TRIP /
TRIP COIL-2
TRIP /
HIGH OVER VOLTAGE STAGE-2
HIGH
SPEED DEF, TOC, BOC, STUB SPEED
( IN BUILT MAIN-2 )
TRIP TRIP
RELAY MAIN LBB OPERATED
RELAY
TIE LBB OPERATED
TEED-2 PROTECTION
MASTER TRIP RELAYS
HIGH SPEED TRIP RELAYS
LOCKOUT RELAYS
TO CLOSING INTERLOCK OF CONCERNED BAY CB
PUSH BUTTON FOR RESETTING.
86-GA TO INITIATE LBB/BFR OF CONCERNED BAY
MASTER BLOCK AUTO RECLOSURE OF CONCERNED BAY
TRIP / TO TRIP COIL-1 CONCERNED BAY CB
HIGH TO TRIP COIL-2 CONCERNED BAY CB

INITIATE FLAG RELAY (FLAG RELAY OPERATES)
SPEED INITIATE ALARM (ANNUNCIATION COME)
TRIP TO DISTURBANCE RECORDER (MAIN-1 & MAIN-2)
RELAY TO EVENT RECORDER ( SOE/ SCADA )
PUSH BUTTON FOR RESETTING. TO CLOSING INTERLOCK OF CONCERNED BAY CB

86-GB TO INITIATE LBB/BFR OF CONCERNED BAY
MASTER BLOCK AUTO RECLOSURE OF CONCERNED BAY
TRIP / TO TRIP COIL-1 CONCERNED BAY CB
HIGH TO TRIP COIL-2 CONCERNED BAY CB
SPEED INITIATE FLAG RELAY (FLAG RELAY OPERATES)
TRIP
TO DISTURBANCE RECORDER (MAIN-1 & MAIN-2)
RELAY
TRANSFORMER PROTECTION
(DIFFERENCIAL & REF / 3-PH HZ DIFF PROTECTION)
INITIATE 400KV MAIN CB GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
RADSB INITIATE 400KV TIE CB GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
ACTIVE START TRIP INITIATE 220KV MAIN CB GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
INITIATE 220KV TBC CB GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
87 T1 DISPLAY
(LZ) TO EVENT RECORDER ( SOE/ SCADA )
C
E
INITIATE 400KV MAIN CB GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
RADHD INITIATE 400KV TIE CB GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
ACTIVE START TRIP
64 T2 INITIATE 220KV MAIN CB GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
INITIATE 220KV TBC CB GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
REF DISPLAY INITIATE FLAG RELAY (INTURN FLAG RELAY OPERATES)

(HZ) TO EVENT RECORDER ( SOE/ SCADA )
C
E
( BACKUP DIRECTIONAL O/L & E/F PROTECTION FOR HV & LV)
RAPDK INITIATE 400KV TIE CB GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
67 HV INITIATE 220KV TBC CB GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
ABCN DISPLAY INITIATE ALARM (ANNUNCIATION COME)

C
E
RAPDK INITIATE 400KV TIE CB GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
ACTIVE START TRIP
67 LV INITIATE 220KV TBC CB GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
ABCN INITIATE ALARM (ANNUNCIATION COME)

C
E
( OVER FLUX PROTECTION FOR HV & LV)
RALK INITIATE 400KV TIE CB GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
99T HV INITIATE 220KV TBC CB GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
DISPLAY INITIATE ALARM (ANNUNCIATION COME)
C
E
RATUB INITIATE 400KV TIE CB GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
ACTIVE START TRIP
99T LV INITIATE 220KV TBC CB GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )

C
E
OVER VOLTAGE (LINE) AND OVER FLUX(TRANSFORMER )
PROTECTION TRIP SCHEME
86-A ABB 86-A ABB 86-A

MTR/ O/V – 1 MTR/ RALK MTR/
HSTR O/V – 2 HSTR O/F- HV HSTR
(BAY 1&2) (BAY 2&3 / HV)

1-52CB 2-52CB 3-52CB
BUS-1 BUS-2
(BAY 1&2)
86-B
ABB ABB 86-B 86-B
REL521
MTR/ O/V – 1 MTR/ MTR/
MAIN-1
HSTR O/V – 2 HSTR HSTR
OVER VOLTAGE STAGE-1 & STAGE-2

ARE IN BUILT FUNCTIONS OF MAIN-1
TRIP COIL-2 TRIP COIL-1
& MAIN-2 NUMERICAL RELAYS. IF LV - CB
EXTERNAL RELAYS ARE UTILISED 86-B 86-A
(BAY LV)
THEN STAGE-1 IS GR-A & STAGE-2 IS MTR/ MTR/
GR-B TRIPPING IS TO UTILISED. HSTR ABB HSTR
RATUB
O/F- LV
RXIG 21 INITIATE 400KV TIE CB GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
51 O/L INITIATE 220KV TBC CB GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
DISPLAY INITIATE ALARM (ANNUNCIATION COME)
C
E
RAEDK1 INITIATE 400KV TIE CB GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
ACTIVE START TRIP
NDR INITIATE 220KV TBC CB GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )

C
E
MAIN LBB
INITIATION
INITIATE BUSBAR PROTECTION ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP CONNECTED BUS CBs)
86-GR-A INITIATE TIE CB 86-GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
MASTER TRIP RELAY RAICA
INTER TRIP TO 220KV LV MAIN CB
ACTIVE START TRIP
86-GR-B
INTER TRIP TO 220KV LV TBC CB
MASTER TRIP RELAY
CLOSE INTERLOCK OF MAIN CB & TIE CB
96 BB
BUSBAR RELAY
C TO EVENT RECORDER ( SOE/ SCADA )
TIE LBB
INITIATION
1-PH TRIP RELAYS OF INITIATE MAIN CB 86-GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT (TRIP BAY1 CB 3-POLES )
MAIN-1 PROTECTION
INITIATE MAIN CB 86-GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( TRIP BAY3 CB 3-POLES )
OF LINE-1(BAY1)
RAICA BLOCK MAIN CB OF BAY1 AUTO RECLOSURE
ACTIVE START TRIP BLOCK TIE CB AUTO RECLOSURE
1-PH TRIP RELAYS OF
MAIN-2 PROTECTION CLOSE INTERLOCK OF MAIN CB OF BAY1 & BAY 3
OF LINE-1 (BAY1)
DISPLAY DIRECT TRANSFER TRIP-1 CARRIER SEND TO BAY1 & BAY3 LINES
86-GR-A DIRECT TRANSFER TRIP-2 CARRIER SEND TO BAY1 & BAY3 LINES
MASTER TRIP RELAY INITIATE FLAG RELAY (INTURN FLAG RELAY OPERATES)
86-GR-B
MASTER TRIP RELAY TO DISTURBANCE RECORDER (BAY1)
86-GA & 86 GB MASTER TRIP / HIGH SPEED
TRIP LOCKOUT RELAY OPERATION
TRIP COIL-1
TRIP COIL -1
T/F DIFFERENTIAL RELAY

86-GA 87 T 86-GA
MASTER B/U O/C & E/F PROTN RLY MASTER
67 ABCN
TRIP / TRIP /
HIGH INTER TRIP FROM LV SIDE HIGH
SPEED SPEED
ICT TROUBLES GR-A
TRIP PROTECTION TRIP
TRIP
RELAY RELAY
ICT HV OVER FLUX RELAY
TIE CB
MAIN CB
RESTRICTED EARTH FAULT

RELAY 64 REF/T
INTER TRIP FROM LV SIDE

86-GB 86-GB
TRIP COIL -2
MASTER ICT TROUBLES GR-B MASTER
PROTECTION TRIP
TRIP /
TRIP COIL-2
TRIP /
HIGH STUB RELAY 50ST
HIGH
SPEED MAIN LBB OPERATED SPEED
TRIP TIE LBB OPERATED TRIP
RELAY ICT LV OVER FLUX RELAY RELAY
INTER TRIP FROM TBC LBB
& MANUAL TRIP OF 220KV
AUTO TRANSFORMER INTER TRIP CIRCUITS
HV INTER TRIP CIRCUITS(TO LV) LV INTER TRIP CIRCUIT(TO HV)
FOR LV MASTER TRIP RELAY 86 GR-A FOR HV M-CB MASTER TRIP RELAY 86 GR-A
1. TIE CB OPEN CONDITION + MAIN CB REMOTE HAND TRIP 1. LV CB REMOTE HAND TRIP GIVEN.
GIVEN.
2. MAIN CB OPEN CONDITION + TIE CB REMOTE HAND TRIP
2. LV 87 BB(96) BUSBAR-1/2 (ISO SELECTION)
GIVEN. OPERATED.
3. TIE CB OPEN CONDITION + 96 BUSBAR-1 OPERATED. 3. LV CB 50 LBB/BFR OPERATED.
4. MAIN CB OPEN CONDITION + 96 BUSBAR-2 OPERATED FOR HV M-CB MASTER TRIP RELAY 86 GR-B
(FOR HALF DIA ONLY). 1. LV CB REMOTE HAND TRIP GIVEN.
5. MAIN CB 50 LBB/BFR OPERATED.
6. TIE CB 50 LBB/BFR OPERATED. 2. LV 87 BB(96) BUSBAR-1/2 (ISO SELECTION)
7. 87 TEED-1 PROTECTION OPERATED OPERATED.
8. 87 TEED-2 PROTECTION OPERATED. 3. LV CB 50 LBB/BFR OPERATED.
FOR LV MASTER TRIP RELAY 86 GR-B FOR HV T-CB MASTER TRIP RELAY 86 GR-A
1. TIE CB OPEN CONDITION + MAIN CB REMOTE HAND TRIP 1. LV CB REMOTE HAND TRIP GIVEN.
GIVEN. 2. LV 87 BB(96) BUSBAR-1/2 (ISO SELECTION)
2. MAIN CB OPEN CONDITION + TIE CB REMOTE HAND TRIP OPERATED.
GIVEN.
3. TIE CB OPEN CONDITION + 96 BUSBAR-1 OPERATED. 3. LV CB 50 LBB/BFR OPERATED.
4. MAIN CB OPEN CONDITION + 96 BUSBAR-2 OPERATED FOR HV T-CB MASTER TRIP RELAY 86 GR-B
(FOR HALF DIA ONLY). 1. LV CB REMOTE HAND TRIP GIVEN.
5. MAIN CB 50 LBB/BFR OPERATED.
2. LV 87 BB(96) BUSBAR-1/2 (ISO SELECTION)
7. 87 TEED-1 PROTECTION OPERATED OPERATED.
8. 87 TEED-2 PROTECTION OPERATED. 3. LV CB 50 LBB/BFR OPERATED.
TRANSFORMER TROUBLES TRIPPING
GR-A
86 AX
OIL TEMP TRIP

TO 3PH GR-A 400KV MAIN CB
TO 3PH GR-A 400KV TIE CB

DIFF RELAY 87T TO 3PH GR-A 220KV MAIN CB
BUCHHOLZ TRIP
TO 3PH GR-A 220KV TBC CB
OL RELAY 51OL
PRD-1 TRIP
86 AY
HV O/L+E/F PROT 67
PRD-2 TRIP
NDR RELAY 151N
HV O/F RELAY 99T

TRANSFORMER TROUBLES TRIPPING
GR-B
86 BX
OLTC BUCHHOLZ-R TRIP

TO 3PH GR-B 400KV MAIN CB
TO 3PH GR-B 400KV TIE CB

REF RELAY 64REF TO 3PH GR-B 220KV MAIN CB
OLTC BUCHHOLZ-Y TRIP
TO 3PH GR-B 220KV TBC CB
STUB RELAY 50ST

OLTC BUCHHOLZ –B TRIP
86 BY
LV O/L+E/F PROT 67
WNDG TEMP-HV TRIP
LV O/F RELAY 99T

WNDG TEMP-LV TRIP
WNDG TEMP-IV TRIP

TRIP COIL-1 CIRCUITS
TRIP COIL-1
186R1 186Y1 186B1
186R2 186Y2 186B2

186R1, 186R2, 186Y1, 186Y2, 186B1, 186B2
ARE CB 1-PH TRIP UNIT OF GR-A. THESE
286R1 286Y1 286B1 ARE SELF RESETING.
286R1, 286R2, 286Y1, 286Y2, 286B1, 286B2
ARE CB 1-PH TRIP UNIT OF GR-B. THESE
ARE SELF RESETING.
286R2 286Y2 286B2 THE BELOW ARE HAND RESETING.
86GR-A, 86GR-B ARE 3-PH TRIP UNITS.
96 BB IS BUSBAR TRIPPING RELAY
86GR-A
.
.
.
86GR-B
.
.
.
96BB
TRIP COIL – 2 CIRCUITS
TRIP COIL-2
186R1 186Y1 186B1
186R2 186Y2 186B2

186R1, 186R2, 186Y1, 186Y2, 186B1, 186B2
ARE CB 1-PH TRIP UNIT OF GR-A. THESE
286R1 286Y1 286B1 ARE SELF RESETING.
286R1, 286R2, 286Y1, 286Y2, 286B1, 286B2
ARE CB 1-PH TRIP UNIT OF GR-B. THESE
ARE SELF RESETING.
286R2 286Y2 286B2 THE BELOW ARE HAND RESETING.
86GR-A, 86GR-B ARE 3-PH TRIP UNITS.
96 BB IS BUSBAR TRIPPING RELAY
86GR-A
.
.
.
86GR-B
.
.
.
96BB
ISOLATOR S.NO
ISOLATOR EQUIPMENT-1 EQUIPMENT-2 EQUIPMENT-3 EQUIPMENT-4
INTERLOCKS OPEN/CLOSE INTERLOCKS REQUIRED FOR CONCERNED ISOLATOR / EARTH SWITCH OPEN OR CLOSE
BAY - 1
1 1 - 89 ISO BB189 E O 189 AE O 189 E O 152 CB O
2 1 – 89 E ES 189 A O 189 O -- - -- -
3 1 – 89 A ISO 189 AE O 189 E O 152 CB O -- -
4 1 – 89 AE ES 189 A O 189 O -- - -- -
5 1 – 89 L ISO 189 LE O 152 CB O 252 CB O -- -
6 1 – 89 LE ES 189 L O UV RELAY A -- - -- -
BAY - 2
NOTE: All Earth Switches
in the Bay are towards 7 2 – 89 A ISO 289 BE O 289 AE O 252 CB O -- -
Circuit Breaker side only. 8 2 – 89 AE ES 289 B O 289 A O -- - -- -
The Line and Transformer
9 2 – 89 B ISO 289 BE O 289 AE O 252 CB O -- -
Earth Switches are towards
Line & Transformer. 10 2 – 89 BE ES 289 B O 289 A O -- - -- -
O: OPEN BAY - 3
C: CLOSE 11 3 – 89 ISO BB289 E O 389 AE O 389 E O 352 CB O
A: ACTED
12 3 – 89 E ES 389 A O 389 O -- - -- -
BB189E : BUSBAR-1 EARTH SWITCH .
13 3 – 89 A ISO 389 AE O 389 E O 352 CB O -- -
BB289E : BUSBAR-2EARTH SWITCH .
UV RELAY: UNDER VOLTAGE RELAY. 14 3 – 89 AE ES 389 A O 389 O -- - -- -
15 3 – 89 T ISO LV89 E2 O 389 TE O 252 CB O 352 CB O
16 3 – 89 TE ES 389 T O LV89 T O -- - -- -
BB189E
OPEN ISOLATOR & CB INTERLOCKS OPEN
BB289E
OPEN OPEN
1-89AE
OPEN & OPERATION 1-89 1-89E
CLOSE LOCAL
3-89
OPERATION
& OPEN
3-89AE
& 1-52CB
CLOSE
1-89E CLOSE 3-89E
OPEN 1-89AE OPEN
1-52CB 3-52CB
CLOSE LOCAL
1-52CB OPEN 2-89AE OPEN 3-52CB
& 2-52CB
CLOSE
CLOSE
1-89AE
OPEN
& OPERATION 1-89A
2-89BE
3-89A
OPERATION
&
OPEN
3-89AE
OPEN CLOSE OPEN
1-89E 3-89E
LOCAL 3-89E
& 3-52CB
CLOSE
CLOSE
3-89AE OPEN
OPEN 3-52CB
1-52CB RESET
OPEN 86GR-A OPEN
1-89LE & OPERATION 1-89L
REMOTE
OPERATION 3-89TE
OPEN 86GR-B
RESET
& 1-52CB
CLOSE 3-89T & OPEN
2-52CB
2-52CB RESET
96BB OPEN
LV89E2
OPEN
1-89 OPERATION RESET OPEN
OPEN & 1-89E 86GR-A
REMOTE
OPERATION
&
3-89
& 2-52CB
CLOSE
1-89A 3-89E OPEN
RESET 3-89A
86GR-B
OPEN
1-89 OPERATION OPEN
1-89A
OPEN & 1-89AE
86GR-A
RESET
REMOTE 3-89AE
OPERATION
& OPEN
3-89
RESET 3-89A
&
CLOSE
OPEN 86GR-B
1-89L OPERATION RESET 3-52CB OPEN
U/V RLY
ACTED & 1-89LE 96BB 3-89TE
OPERATION
& OPEN
3-89T
LV89T
OPEN
2-89A
OPEN 2-89B
OPEN & OPERATION
2-89AE
OPEN
2-52CB 2-52CB
OPEN
2-89AE & OPERATION 2-89A
OPEN 2-89AE
OPEN
& OPERATION
2-89BE
OPEN 2-89A
2-89B
OPEN & OPERATION
2-89BE 2-89BE
OPEN 2-89B
CLOSING INTERLOCK OF MAIN & TIE CB
96 BB 86 GR-A 86 GR-B
+ VE
T N C
CB REMOTE CLOSE
MAIN CB
21M1 AR
CB AUTO RECLOSE
21M2 AR
86 GR-A 86 GR-B
+ VE
T N C
CB REMOTE CLOSE
TIE CB
TIE AR
CB AUTO RECLOSE
ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES OF ONE & HALF BREAKER SYSTEM
A. ADVANTAGES:
1. THREE CIRCUIT BREAKERS IN A FULL DIA ARE ALWAYS IN CLOSED POSITION.
2. IF MAIN CB PROBLEM / FOR PERIODICAL MAINTANENCE, DURING THAT PERIOD
THE FEEDER IS FEEDING FROM TIE CB & OTHER BUS . NEED NOT REQUIRE
TRANSFER THE FEEDER.
3. IF TIE CB PROBLEM / FOR PERIODICAL MAINTANENCE, DURING THAT PERIOD
THE FEEDER IS FEEDING FROM MAIN CB & CONNECTED BUS.
4. EVEN IF BOTH MAIN BREAKERS UNDER TROUBLE, DURING THAT PERIOD ONE
FEEDER WORKS AS INCOMING AND OTHER FEEDER WORKS AS OUTGOING VIA
TIE CB. (WITHOUT INTERUPTION TO FEEDERS)
5. IF BUSBAR-1 OPERATED / FOR PERIODICAL MAINTANENCE, ONLY THE MAIN
BREAKERS CONNECTED TO BUSBAR-1 WILL TRIP. DURING THAT PERIOD THE
FEEDERS CONNECTED TO BUS-1 ARE FEEDING VIA TIE CB FROM BUS-2.
6. IF BUSBAR-2 OPERATED / FOR PERIODICAL MAINTANENCE, ONLY THE MAIN
BREAKERS CONNECTED TO BUSBAR-2 WILL TRIP. DURING THAT PERIOD THE
FEEDERS CONNECTED TO BUS-2 ARE FEEDING VIA TIE CB FROM BUS-1.
7. IN THIS BUSBAR PROTECTION IS SIMPLE AND NEED NOT REQUIRE SELECTION
OF ISOLATOR.
8. IT IS MORE RELIABLE SYSTEM FOR OPERATION & MAINTANENCE POINT OF
VIEW.
B. DISADVANTAGES
1. CT CONNECTIONS & PROTECTION TRIP LOGICS ARE SOME WHAT
COMPLICATED. COMPLEX CONTROL & PROTECTION PHILOSOPHY
2. COST TOWARDS CTs, CIRCUIT BREAKERS & PANELS ARE TO BE INCREASED DUE
TO EXTRA BAY. THE COST COMPARISION TABLE SHOWN IN NEXT
PRESENTATION.
3. THE OPERATIONS FOR OPERATOR POINT OF VIEW IS LITTLE BIT COMPLICATED
WHEN COMPARED TO CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM.
4. SPACE OCUPATION FOR BAY IS MORE i.e COST OF LAND IS INCREASE.
COST COMPARISION BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM
& ONE AND HALF BREAKER SYSTEM FOR FEEDER
CONVENTIONAL
S.No EQUIPMENT FULL DIA % INCREASE HALF DIA % INCREASE
SYSTEM
(FOR 2 FEEDERS) IN COST (FOR 1 FEEDER) IN COST
CIRCUIT
1. 1 No 3 Nos 50% 2 Nos 100%
BREAKERS
CURRENT
INCLUDES THE COST OF CT MARSHELLING BOXES.
TRANSFORMERS
3 CT METHOD 3 Sets 50% 2 Sets 100%
2. 1 Set
I SET 3 SETS 30% 2 SETS 30%
CONTROL &
3. NORMALLY EXTRA PANEL IS TIE BAY PANEL. IT IS ARROUND 30% COST OF MAIN
RELAY PANELS PANEL. BECAUSE IT IS NOT HAVING PROTECTION RELAYS( M-1 & M-2 AND OTHER
RELAYS) . ONLY TIE CB TRIPPING RELAYS & ASSOCIATED RELAYS(A/R +LBB).
BAY
4. MARSHALLING 1 No 3 Nos 50% 2 Nos 30%
BOXES
CONTROL
5. 8 KM 30 KM 100% 20 KM 150%
CABLES
OTHER
INFORMATION
REGARDING
RELAYS AND
TESTING
EQUIPMENT
PREPARED BY
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
ABB RELAYS
ABB Network Partner AG
ABB Network Partner AG REL 521 ABB Network Partner AG REL 316*4
1 9
2 10
3 11
4 12
5 13
6 14
7 15
8 16
C
C
EE
C
E
ABB Relays REL 512

ABB Network Partner AG
c
E
ALSTOM RELAYS
P443 P445
P437 E-PAC
P442
GE MULTILIN
RELAYS
SIEMENS
RELAYS
SEL RELAYS
ENABLED
TARGET SPT MC
IA =250.10 A TRIP RESET ENABLED ENABLED SEL- 421
IB =250.10 A INST PH - A COMM RECLOSE
PROTECTION
AUTOMATION
IC =250.10 A TIME PH - B ENABLED ENABLED CONTROL
VAB =400.0 KV COMM PH - C

SOTF GND ALT CB
VBC =400.0 KV SETTINGS CLOSED
ZONE 1 50
VCA =400.0 KV
ESC ENT
ZONE 2
ZONE 3
51
79 RESET
RELAY
TEST
CB
OPEN
SEL
ZONE 4 79 LOCKOUT
INST TIME COMM SOTF 1 2ENABLED

3 4
TARGET
SEL- 321- 5 - 2
TRIP RESET PROTECTION
TRIP ZONE AUTOMATION
CONTROL
EN A B C G Q 51 50
FAULT TYPE O/C
TARGET TARGET FAULT SET

RESET NO / YES /
METER STATUS OTHER GROUP
EXIT
SEL
CANCEL SELECT
VA TECH REYROLLE RELAYS
NXT PHASE RELAYS
RELAY HARDWARE
16 / 32 BIT
PC
MODEM
IRIG-B
RE/CC
NORMALLY 400KV RELAYS SUPPLIED WITH FOLLOWING

CONFIGUARATION/HARDWARE
1. MIN 4Nos MAX 8Nos COMMAND/TRIP OUTPUTS
2. MIN 24Nos SIGNAL OUTPUTS
3. MIN 14 LED INDICATIONS
4. MIN 24 BINARY INPUTS
RELAY SIGNAL DATA FLOW
FUNCTIONS AVAILABLE NUMERICAL DISTANCE RELAYS
1. 4 TO 6 SETTING IMPEDENCE ZONES WITH 4 TO 6 SETTING GROUPS (21 + 21N).
2. DIR / INST / TIME OVERCURRENT & EARTH FAULT FUNCTION( 50 / 51 / 67 P+G).
3. EIGHT COMMUNICATION SCHEMES.
4. SWITCH ON TO FAULT PROTECTION(21 SOTF).
5. PHASE SELECTION(R,Y,B).
6. POWER SWING BLOCKING(PSB)(68 + 68T).
7. FUSE FAILURE SUPERVISION(PT FFR).
8. AUTO RECLOSER WITH CHECK SYNCHRNISATION & VOLTAGE CHECK(79 + 25 +86).
9. WEEK END INFEED LOGIC(27 WI).
10. SYSTEM SUPERVISION.
11. STUB PROTECTION(STUB).
12. OVER VOLTAGE/ UNDER VOLTAGE FUNCTION(27+ 59).
13. LBB/BFR FUNCTION(50 BF).
14. DISTANCE TO FAULT LOCATOR(21 FL).(SHOWS IN 1. %, 2. KM 3. MILES & 4. R+JX )
15. 16 PROGRAMABLE SIGNALLING RELAYS WITH LEDs.
16. RECORDABLE 10Nos LATEST DISTRUBANCES WITH BASIC EVALUATION
DISTURBANCE RECORDER.
17. EVENT RECORDER RELATED TO RELAY EVENTS.
18. PRE-FAULT, FAULT & POST-FAULT VALUES OF ANALOG POINTS WITH IMPEDENCE
DETAILS.
19. USER CAN BE CONFIGUARED PROGRAMABLE LOGIC FUNCTIONS.
20. TELE / CARRIER INTER TRIPPING SCHEMES(85 +21)(PUTT, POTT).
21. TRIP CIRCUIT MONITORING(74 TC).
22. METERING FUNCTION (INSTANTANEOUS VALUES DISPLAY FUNCTION).
23. 4 QUADRANT ENERGY METER FUNCTION (KWH,KVAH,KVARH)(KYZ PULSE OUTPUT).
24. MINIMUM 8 COMMOND/ TRIP RELAYS, 24 SIGNAL RELAYS
25. MINIMUM 20 BINARY INPUTS, 14 LEDs
DISTANCE RELAYS CHARACTERESTICS
( MHO CIRCULAR )
( QUADRILATERAL-1 )
( QUADRILATERAL-2 )
( BULLET )
( TRIANGLER )
( LENS / OPTICAL )
( TOMATO )
RELAY MODELS OF LINE (DISTANCE) & TRANSFORMER( M & B ) OF DIFFERENT MANUFACTURERS
TRANSMISSION LINE PROTECTION T/F PROTECTION
MANUFACTURERS
MAIN-1 CURVES MAIN-2 CURVES DIFFERENTIAL DIR O/L,E/F
ABB REL 521 QUAD REL 316 QUAD/ RET 521 / 670 REL 505
BULLET
REL 670 REL 512 RET 316 REX 521
AREVA MICOM MICOM P437
QUAD/ QUAD/ MICOM P633 MICOM P141
P443/P444/ MHO E-PAC 3000, MHO
(ALSTOM) KBCH/ MBCH MICOM P127
P442/P445 OPTIMHO
SIEMENS SIPROTEC QUAD/ SIPROTEC QUAD/ 7UT 613/ 2 7SJ 62/3/4/5
MHO MHO 7SJ 52/3/4/5
( SIPROTEC ) 7SA62/3 7SA522 7UT 513/ 2
SEL
QUAD/ SEL 321 QUAD/
SEL 421 MHO MHO SEL 387 SEL 351
SEL 311C
GE D-60, QUAD/ L-60/L-90 QUAD/ T-35 / T-60 F-60
MHO MHO
MULTILIN ALPS D-30 SR 7465 SR 750/60
EASUN THR 4 PE 16
THR 4 PE 24 MHO MHO --- MIT
REYROLL THR 3 PE 18
NXT QUAD/ LENS/
L-PRO MHO L-PRO T-PRO F-PRO
PHASE TOMAT0
VA TECH QUAD/ OHMEGA QUAD/
OHMEGA 402 MHO DUOBIAS M ARGUS
REYROLL 311/308 MHO
RELAY TESTING EQUIPMENTS
1. PROGRAMA_GE (MODEL: FREEJA-300) 2. MANTA TEST SYSTEMS (MODEL: MTS 4000)
3. OMICRON (MODEL: CMC 256-6) 4. DOBLE ( MODEL: F 6150)
RELAY TESTING EQUIPMENTS
1. MEEGER_AVO (MODEL: MPRT 8430) 2. RES (MODEL: APTS 3)
3. KOCOS (MODEL: ARTES 440 II) 4. EURO SMC ( MODEL: TRES)
400KV SUBSTATIONS IN APTRANSCO
S.No 400KV SUBSTATION CAPACITY FEEDERS
1. SRISAILAM 1&2 3. KHAMMAM 1&2(PGCIL)
1. MAMIDIPALLY (HYDERABAD) 3 X 315 MVA 2. GHANAPUR (PGCIL) 4. YEDDUMAILARAM 1&2**
NURNOOR (KURNOOL) (2 + 1**) X 1. SRISAILAM

2. GHANAPUR (PGCIL)
3. GOOTY (PGCIL)
2. 315 MVA
1. SIMHADRI 1,2,3&4 (NTPC) 3. KHAMMAM 1&2 (PGCIL)
3. KALAPAKA (VISHAKHAPATNAM) 2 X 315 MVA 2. GAJUWAKA 1&2 (PGCIL) 4. VEMAGIRI 1&2
1. KALAPAKA 1&2 5. GVK EXTN 1&2 (IPP)

2. GAJUWAKA 1&2 (PGCIL) 6. GOWTHAMI 1&2 (IPP)
4. VEMAGIRI (RAJHAMUNDRY) 2 X 315 MVA 3. NUNNA 1&2 (PGCIL) 7. KONASEEMA 1&2 (IPP)
4. GUNTUR 1&2* 8. GMR VASAVI 1&2 (IPP)
VELTUR (MB NAGAR) (1 + 2**) X 1. TALLAPALLY 2. RAICHUR

5. 315 MVA
CHITTOR(VEPANJIR) (1 + 1**) X 1. CHENNAI RED HILLS 2. KADAPA
6. 315 MVA
7. NELLORE(MANUBOLU) 2 X 315 MVA
1. RAMAGUNDAM
8. DICHPALLY (NIZAMABAD) 2 X 315 MVA
1. RAMAGUNDAM 2. GHANAPUR
9. GAJWEL* (MEDAK) 2 X 315 MVA 3. BTPS 1&2** 4. YEDDUMAILARAM 1&2**
1. SRISAILAM 1&2 3. VEMAGIRI 1&2

10. NARASARAOPETA**(GUNTUR) 2 X 315 MVA 2. NUNNA 1&2 4. KURNOOL**
1. RAMAGUNDAM 2. GHANAPUR
11. MALKARAM** (SECUNDRABAD) 2 X 315 MVA
1. GAJWEL 1&2 2. MAMIDIPALLY 1&2
12. YEDDUMAILARAM** (RR, SHANKARPALLY) 3 X 315 MVA
1. VTPS 1&2 2. MALKARAM 1&2
13. SURYAPETA** (NALGONDA) 2 X 315 MVA
400KV SUBSTATIONS OF PGCIL IN AP
S.No 400KV SUBSTATION CAPACITY FEEDERS
2 X 200 MVA 1. GHANAPUR 1&2
2. GAJWEL(GHNP3)
4. TALLAPALLY 1&2
5. DICHPALLY
1. RAMAGUNDAM(NTPC) 2 X 250 MVA 3. MALKARAM(GHNP4) 6. KHAMMAM (WRNGL)
7. CHANDRAPUR 1&2
1 X 315 MVA
1. RAMAGUNDAM 1&2 4. NAGARJUNA SAGAR
2. GHANAPUR (HYDERABAD) 3 X 315 MVA 2. MAMIDIPALLY 5. KURNOOL
3. GAJWEL(RMGNDM3) 6. MALKARAM (RMGNDM4)
1. NUNNA 3. VEMAGIRI 1&2
3. GAJUWAKA (VISHAKHAPATNAM) 2 X315 MVA 2. KALAPAKA1&2 4. JAIPUR(HVDC)
1. GAJUWAKA 4. VEMAGIRI 3&4(VTPS)’
2. SRISAILAM 1&2 5. KHAMMAM
4. NUNNA (VIJAYAWADA) 2 X315 MVA (NRSPT) 6. NELLORE 1&2
3. VEMAGIRI 1&2
TALLAPALLY 1. RAMAGUNDAM 1&2 4. GOOTY

5. (NAGARJUNA SAGAR) 3 X 315 MVA 2. GHANAPUR
3. MAHABOOBNAGAR
5. CHINAKAMPALLY 1&2
1. RAMAGUNDAM 4. MAMIDIPALLY 1&2

6. BUDIDAMPADU (KHAMMAM) 2 X 315 MVA (WRGL) 5. KALAPAKA 1&2
2. NUNNA
1. TALLAPALLY 4. NEELAMANGALA
7. GOOTY 2 X 315 MVA 2. SOMANAHALLY 5. RAICHUR 1&2*
3. KURNOOL
1. TALLAPALLY 1&2 3. KOLAR
8. CHINAKAMPALLY 2 X 315 MVA 2. SOMANAHALLY 4. CHITTOR
1. NUNNA 1&2 2. CHENNAI (ALAMATHI)

9. NELLORE(MANUBOLU) 1&2
1. RAMAGUNDAM 3. BTPS(KTPS) 1&2

10. MULUGU* (WARANGAL) 2 X 315 MVA 2. KHAMMAM
1. RAMAGUNDAM TO GHANAPUR CKT-1 IS PROPOSED TO TAKE LILO AT GAJWEL (APTRANSCO) SS.

2. RAMAGUNDAM TO GHANAPUR CKT-2 IS PROPOSED TO TAKE LILO AT MALKARAM (APTRANSCO) SS.
3. GAJUWAKA TO NUNNA CKT-2&3 IS PROPOSED TO TAKE LILO AT VEMAGIRI (APTRANSCO) SS.
4. RAMAGUNDAM TO KHAMMAM CKT IS PROPOSED TO TAKE LILO AT WARANGAL SS.
400KV NETWORK IN AP
GAJUWAKA SIMHADRI RAMAGUNDAM
WARANGAL
HVDC
BTPS
JAIPUR KALAPAKA DICHPALLY
CHANDRAPUR
TALLAPALLY (MAHARASTRA)
GAJWEL
MALKARAM
IPP3 IPP4
KTPS
VEMAGIRI
IPP1 IPP2
GHANAPUR
MBNGR
YEDDUMAILARAM
NUNNA KADAPA
KURNOOL
VTPS
CHITTOR
KHAMMAM GOOTY
GUNTUR
BANGALORE
BANGALORE
NELLORE
CHENNAI
KOLAR
SRISAILAM
ALAMETHI
/ CHENNAI RAICHUR
MAMIDIPALLY
VEMAGIRI SUBSTATION DISPLAY
NUNNA – I NUNNA – II KALAPAKA – I KALAPAKA – II GAJUWAKA – I GAJUWAKA – II GOWTHAMI – I GOWTHAMI – II FUTURE – I FUTURE – II
(PGCIL) (PGCIL) (PGCIL) (PGCIL) PHES PHES
GUNTUR – I GUNTUR – II VPGCL – I VPGCL – II KOPCL – I KOPCL – II GVK EXT – I GVK EXT – II
315MVA, 315MVA,
GMR VASAVI GMR VASAVI KONASEEMA KONASEEMA
400/220KV 400/220KV
AUTO AUTO
TRANSFORMER-I TRANSFORMER-II
DISPLAY

400KV Protection

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What is a one and a half breaker scheme?

What is a one and a half breaker scheme?

How are the buses and lines connected in a one and a half breaker scheme?

How are the buses and lines connected in a one and a half breaker scheme?

400KV PROTECTION

MAIN BAY(1ST BAY) FOR FEEDER-1

MAIN BAY(1ST BAY) FOR FEEDER-1

MAIN BAY(1ST BAY) FOR FEEDER-1

MAIN BAY(1ST BAY) FOR FEEDER-1

MAIN BAY(1ST BAY) FOR FEEDER-1

MAIN BAY(3RD BAY) FOR FEEDER-2

MAIN BAY(1ST BAY) FOR FEEDER-1

MAIN BAY(3RD BAY) FOR FEEDER-2

MAIN BAY(1ST BAY) FOR FEEDER-1

MAIN BAY(3RD BAY) FOR FEEDER-2

BUS-1 DIA1 DIA2 DIA3 DIA4 DIA5 DIA6

FEEDER2 FEEDER4 FEEDER6 FEEDER8 FEEDER10 FEEDER12

BAY2 BAY8 BAY14

DIA2 DIA4 DIA6

BAY5 BAY11 BAY17

FEEDER3 FEEDER4 FEEDER7 FEEDER8 FEEDER11 FEEDER12

FEEDER2 FEEDER4 FEEDER2 FEEDER4

FEEDER 6 FEEDER 5 FEEDER 4

FEEDER1 FEEDER2 FEEDER3 FEEDER4

BAY1 BAY2 BAY4 BAY6 BAY7

BUS-2 BAY3 BUS COUPLER BAY5

WHEN ANY CB PROBLEM OR FOR

FOR ECONOMICAL& RELIABULITY PURPOSE THIS SYSTEM ADOPTED IN 220KV SYSTEM

BUS-1 TRANSFER BUS COUPLER

FEEDER1 FEEDER2 FEEDER3 FEEDER4

CORE – 4 METERING & ENERGY METER FOR FEEDER SPARE

2CT’s SECONDARIES ARE CONNECTED IN PARALLEL AND

CORE – 6 2CT’s SECONDARIES ARE CONNECTED IN PARALLEL AND BUSBAR-2

2CT’s SECONDARIES ARE CONNECTED IN PARALLEL AND

CORE – 5 2CT’s SECONDARIES ARE CONNECTED IN PARALLEL AND BUSBAR-2

TEED PROT-2 MAIN-2 TEED PROT-2 BACKUP TEED PROT-2

CORE-2 BUSBAR-1 2CT’s SECONDARIES 2CT’s SECONDARIES BUSBAR-2

CORE-3 SPARE 2CT’s SECONDARIES 2CT’s SECONDARIES SPARE

CORE-3 SPARE METERING & SPARE SPARE METERING & SPARE

DUPLICATE LBB IS REQUIRED

BUS BAR PROTECTION 3

BUS BAR CHECKUP PROT 3

MAIN-1 CVT VL2

MAIN-1 CVT VL2

CVT 21M1 VL1

(REB 500) ABB

NUMERICAL CENTRALISED CONCEPT

87 BUSBAR DIFFERENTIAL RELAY

3S1 – 3S3 3S1 – 3S2

5S4 5S4 5S4

1-CT RAICA IY4 / C431 VY21 / E231

CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 4S4 4S4 4S4

CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 4S4 4S4 4S4

79-1 79-2 25-1 25-2

1-52,2-52: MAIN & TIE CIRCUIT BREAKER

CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 3S4 3S4 3S4

The Breaker Failure Protection (LBB/BFR) can operate single-stage/two-stage.

NORMAL CLEARING TIME

BREAKER FAILURE RELAY START