FLUKE 51,52 K/J Thermometer Service Manual on rozst Feta 1986. Rev.1, 898 sn encom Pen S.A FLUKE itp etal eto cos °LIMITED WARRANTY & LIMITATION OF LIABILITY Each Fluke product is warranted to be free from defects in material and workmanship under normal use and service. ‘The warranty period is three years and begins on the date of shipment. Parts, product repairs and services are warranted for 90 days. This warranty extends only to the original buyer or end-user customer of a Fluke authorized reseller, and does not apply to fuses, disposable batteries or to any product which, in Fluke’s opinion, has been misused, altered, neglected or damaged by accident or abnormal conditions of operation or handling. Fluke warrants that software will operate substantially in accordance with its functional specifications for 90 days and that it has been properly recorded on non-defective media. Fluke does not warrant that software will be error free or operate without interruption. Fluke authorized resellers shall extend this warranty on new and unused products to end-user customers only but have no authority to extend a greater or different warranty on behalf of Fluke. Warranty support is available if product is purchased through a Fluke authorized sales outlet or Buyer has paid the applicable international price. Fluke reserves the right to invoice Buyer for importation costs of repair/replacement parts when product purchased in one country is submitted for repair in another country. Floke's warranty obligation is limited, at Fluke's option, to refund of the purchase price, free of charge repair, or replacement of a defective product which is returned to a Fluke authorized service center within the warranty period. To obtain warranty service, contact your nearest Fluke authorized service center or send the product, with a description of the difficulty, postage and insurance prepaid (FOB Destination), to the nearest Fluke authorized service center. Fluke assumes no risk for damage in transit. Following warranty repair, the product will be retumed to Buyer, transportation prepaid (FOB Destination). If Fluke determines that the failure was caused by misuse, alteration, accident or abnormal condition of operation or handling, Fluke will provide an estimate of repair costs and obtain authorization before commencing the work. Following repair, the product will be retumed to the Buyer transportation prepaid and the Buyer will be billed for the repair and return transportation charges (FOB Shipping Point). ‘THIS WARRANTY IS BUYER'S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. FLUKE SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSSES, INCLUDING LOSS OF DATA, WHETHER ARISING FROM BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT, RELIANCE OR ANY OTHER THEORY. ince some countries or states do not allow limitation of the term of an implied warranty, or exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages, the limitations and exclusions of this warranty may not apply to every buyer. If any provision of this Warranty is held invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, such holding will not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision. Fluke Corporation Fluke Europe B.V. P.O. Box 9090 P.O. Box 1186 Everett WA 98206-9090 5602 B.D. Eindhoven ‘The NetherlandsFluke §1/52 Table of Contents SECTION Te PAGE 1 INTRODUCTION AND SPECIFICATIONS ........... WW 1-1. INTRODUCTION ..... 1 12. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS .... : 1 1-3. SUMMARY OF CONTROLS AND MODES . 1 14. SPECIFICATIONS ......... cee 1 2 THEORY OF OPERATION ...... 24 21. INTRODUCTION ..... 22. FUNCTIONAL OVERVIEW 23, DETAILED DESCRIPTION ... 24. Power Supply and Switching 25. Analog Circuitry . : 26. Digital Circuitry . 2-7, INSTRUMENT CONTROL MODES 248. ‘Secondary Functions 29. Calibration Modes 3. MAINTENANCE 3:1. INTRODUCTION 32, SERVICE INFORMATION 33. GENERAL MAINTENANCE 3. Instrument Disassembly 35. Display Access . 36. Cleaning . 3-7. PERFORMANCE TEST 38, Initial Procedure 39. Display Test. 3-10. WIDE RANGE PERFORMANCE TEST PROCEDURE 34. Ice Bath Construction wee 312. Ice Bath Test... 3:13, CALIBRATION PROCEDURE 314, Instrument Calibration 5 3S, Thermocouple Input Cal 37 i (continued on page ii)Fluke 51/52 ‘TABLE OF CONTENTS, continued 3-16. | TROUBLESHOOTING 3417, Introduction . A 318. Fault Diagnosis Guide 312. Using Calibration Modes for Troubleshooting 4 LIST OF REPLACEMENT PARTS ‘TABLE OF CONTENTS 44 INTRODUCTION 42 HOW TO OBTAIN PARTS 43. MANUAL STATUS INFORMATION 44, NEWER IN INSTRUMENTS 45. SERVICE CENTERS . 5 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ... SL INTRODUCTION ....... 6 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM .. TABLE OF CONTENTS... 6-1 olFIGURE 34 32. FIGURE 24. 31. 33. 34. 35, 346. 34. Recommended Test Equipment Performance Test Values Fault Guide Functional Overview Display Assembly . Lubricating the Thermocouple Cor Display Test Equipment Connections Calibration Adjustment Connections Room Temperature Lag Bath Error Indication ; Fluke 51/52 List of Tables TITLE PAGE 34 3S 39 List of Illustrations TITLE PAGE mnnectors 37 auifivFluke 51/52 Section 1 Introduction and Specifications 4-1, INTRODUCTION This manual presents service information for the Fluke 51 and 52 K/J Thermometers. Included are a theory of operation, general maintenance procedures, performance tests, calibration procedures, troubleshooting informa tion, alist of replacement parts, and schematic diagrams. 1-2. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS For operating instructions, refer to the Operator's Manual provided with the instrument at the time of purchase, or order Fluke P/N 769026 for the 51 K/J Thermometer Operator's Manual or Fluke P/N 764712 for the 52 K/J ‘Thermometer Operator's Manual. 1-3. SUMMARY OF CONTROLS AND MODES. For information regarding controls and modes of the 51/52, refer to the Operator's Manual provided with the instrument at the time of purchase, or turn to the Theory of Operation section in this manual. 1-4. SPECIFICATIONS For instrument specifications, refer to the Operator's Manual provided with the instrument at the time of purchase. 11/1-22-1. INTRODUCTION This section of the manual describes the theory of ‘operation of the Fluke 51 and 52 K/J Thermometers. The main features ofthe 51/52 are first presented at an overall functional level, followed by a detailed description using the schematic diagrams for reference. Instrumentcontrol and calibration modes are also discussed in this section. These modes may be used during performance testing and during calibration of the units. 2-2. FUNCTIONAL OVERVIEW ‘The Fluke 51 and 52 K/J Thermometers take nonlinear voltages from thermocouples and convert the voltages to ‘meaningful temperature readings. These thermometers are actually microvoltmeters with additional features to ‘compensate for the reference junction and non-linearities of thermocouples. The heart of these instruments is an analog-to-digital converter (a/d converter) that develops a numerical representation of an analog voltage. The a/d converter (U1) works in the range of -10 mV to +55 mV. For the Fluke 52, three signals must be measured: thermocouple 1, thermocouple 2, and the signal that represents the temperature of the reference junctions. To measure the three signals, the a/d converter is connected to each of these signals one at a time. A microcomputer (U2) coordinates the switching and a/d activity performed by Ut. U2 also interprets the numbers sent by the afd converter, including reference junction compensation, linearization, and degrees Celsius and Fahrenheit conver sion. U2 also monitors the instrument control buttons and drives the liquid crystal display (LCD). See Figure 21 for a functional overview of the St and 52. Fluke 51/52 Section 2 Theory of Operation 2-3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION ‘The following information describes the 51 and 52 K/J ‘Thermometers simultaneously. Refer to the schematic diagrams in Section 6 while reading this description, NOTE Reference designations used here, such as “R7,13” mean that R7 appears on both the 51 and 52 instruments, and R13 appears only on the 52 dual thermocouple instrument. 2-4. Power Supply and Switching ‘Vad is the positive terminal of the battery. When the instrument is turned on (ON/OFF and Ud pin 4), Vss is regulated by an on-board regulator consisting of Q2, Q3, CR7, R31 and R32. The output of the regulator, Vss, is provided to pin 46 of Ul. A “common” voltage of approximately 3.1 below Vad is generated by pin 14 of UL. This Vdd-common voltage provides the power supply for the microcomputer (U2), the band gap reference (VR1), and the reference junction sensor (Ql). C8 provides compensation and bypassing for the Vad-to-common regulator. Ul (pin 46) and U4 (pin 4) are the only ‘components that use Vss. Vss-to-common changes as the battery discharges, whereas Vdd-to-common is regulated and does not change (except slightly with ambient temperature changes). Ud and its surrounding components form two toggle flip- flops that function as instrument power switching and F/C display control button memory. Pin 4 of U4, controlled by the ON/OFF button, provides the input to the Vss regulator consisting of Q2, Q3, CR7, R31 and R32. The output of a4Fluke 51/52 this regulator, Vss, is provided to UI pin 46. Pin 11 of U4 signals Ul (which in turn signals U2) indicating whether ‘degrees Fahrenheit or Celsius is chosen by the user. The FIC flip-flop state is maintained, and cannot be changed, when the instrument is turned off. CS and C6 provide a reverse charge to change the state of the FIC and on/off flip-flops when the buttons are depressed. C4 ensures that the FIC flip-flop does not change when the instrument is turned on or off. C13 ensures that the instrument does not turn on or off when the thermocouples experience an electrostatic discharge. R23 and R24 provide an intermediate voltage level for the multiplexed LCD drive signals. 2.5. Analog Circuitry NOTE In the following text, TnLO refers to either TILO or T2LO, TH! refers to either T1HI or T2HI, etc. Each thermocouple connection to UI consists of four pins (refer to the schematics and the block diagrams). ‘TnLO ties the low side of the thermocouple to instrument common. TaHI connects the high-side thermocouple input to the positive-sensed a/d converter input. TnPU. provides approximately 70 mV to a 22-MQ pull-up resistor (R2,8) to force the a/d converter into overload if the thermocouple is open or not plugged in. R19 and R20 Provide the pull-up voltage source, approximately 70 mY. The VPU input, pin 35 on Ul, is connected internally to TnPU when the particular thermocouple input is being read by Ul. R7,13 provide small offset voltages to the TnOS input(s) to compensate for slight ‘errors in thermocouples being used. The range of adjust- ment as seen by TnOS is approximately 0.4 mV. ‘The TnPU, TnHI, TnLO, and TnOS pins on UI are continuously switched signals from within U1. When UL is commanded by U2 to read a thermocouple input, a switch on each of the four pins closes, and the thermo- couple is connected to the a/d converter. When U1 is measuring another signal (ie, the other thermocouple or the reference junction temperature sensor), UI opens all four switches and effectively allows the thermocouple to float within a positive limit controlled by the clamp voltage (approx. 1.23V) at pin 32 of UI. Voltages greater than 1 volt that are applied between two thermocouples (Fluke 52) can cause improper instrument operation, If this voltage exceeds 60V de or 24V ac, the instrument can be damaged. R3,9 and R410 provide current limit protection. Pins 4 through 9 of precision resistor network ZI divide down VRI reference voltage (approximately 1.23V) and provide various stable voltages to generate Vdd-common, establish the a/d reference voltage, and form part of the reference junction temperature-sensing circuit as descrit- ed below. QI is thermally connected to, but electrically isolated from, the reference junction(s) at the input connector(s). The voltage across the base and emitter is about 567 mV at 25°C, and becomes smaller as temperature increases eonnauanon s2conreunavion osha ca runcron runcrow purons suntone oss omen cess oven Oo -BUTTON MONITORING oOo -BUTTON MONITORING. oO we | souserermeme — () C ve ___| Sicen Sncrnes [7] monooticesson | or Sonne = I} sncnorttcesson | aves Oo ‘A/D DATA, oo A/D OATA treemeren | sreeeecravon A/D CONVERSION IL “A/D CONVERSION wr _ | aint gurome ware er snr het ancren Sense q SENSE Figure 2-1. Functional Overview 22Fluke 51/52 {about -2.24 mV/°C). The voltage is divided down by RIT and R18 and applied to RIS LO (482 mV at 25°C and -1.90 mV/°C). Another temperature-stable voltage that matches the voltage divided by R17 and R18 when Ql is at room temperature (482:mV at 25°C) is available from pin 6 of Z1, andis tied to RJS HI. RS LO and RIS HII are measured by the a/d converter inputs when U2 commands Ul to read the reference junction temperature. R 6 adjusts the current through QI for calibration of the reference junction sensing circuit. C10 is the dual slope integrator capacitor, CI is the auto-zero capacitor, and pins 1,2, and 3 of ZI form the integrate-ranging resistors. 2-6, Digital Circuitry Crystal YI is the frequency-determining clement for the instrument's clock source that is generated in U1. The clock signal is used by both Ul and U2 and appears on pin 56 of UI and pin 12 of U2. 7 resets the microcomputer when the instrument is turned on, Connections leaving UI called DO, D1, D2, D3 and AO, Al, A2, A3 are the data and address buses that form the communications link between Ul and U2. NRD, NWR, and NDAV are data-direction and data-availability ‘The pins labeled BO, BI, and B2 on Ul communicate operation modesto the instrument and are read just after the instrument isturned on. BO controls display resolution and is strapped (or not strapped) to Vdd by R22, or is actuated by the elastomeric switch grid labeled TPO. B1/TP1 brings up the TC CAL (Thermocouple Calibra- tion) mode that allows easy calibration of R7,13 initially (offset adjustments for each thermocouple channel), and allows easy calibration of R21, the a/d converter reference adjust (overall scaling adjustment). B2/TP2 brings up the RISCAL (Reference Junction Sensor Calibration) mode and allows casy calibration of R16. The pin labeled B3 is read continuously during operation and is the F/C display control. If degrees Celsius (°C) is selected, B3 is pulled to Vdd through CR6. CR6 blocks battery drain if ‘degrees Fahrenheit (°F) is selected when the instruments turned OFF. 2-7. INSTRUMENT CONTROL MODES ‘The operation of the instrument can be altered tochange default modes and access calibration functions. 2-8. Secondary Functions The operation of the instrument may be modified by holding down the following buttons, or any combination of butions, as the instrument is turned on. Holding down any of the buttons listed below holds all of the display segments on until the button(s) are released, which allows time to inspect the display. The full display is held on Tonger than the normal “self-test” display flash, indicating, the unit has recognized a request for the secondary function (see Operator's Manual). TI Overrides resolution as selected by the absence or presence of R22. T2 Enter Scan Mode. HOLD Overrides thermocouple type as selected by the absence or presence of WI. ‘The following isa list of strapped options. WI When installed, the microprocessor lin- ‘earizes for K-type thermocouples. If the jumper is cut or removed, J-type linear- ization is used unless this action is reversed by pressing HOLD during power-on. R22 When installed, the microprocessor causes the display to show 0.1°C or 0.2°F resolu- tion. If the jumper is cut or removed, 1° resolution is displayed for both F and C unless this action is reversed by holding, down TI during power-on, 2-9. Calibration Modes In the normal operating mode, the reference junction signal is measured every 13 to 20 seconds (depending on how many thermocouples are being used on the 52, and always about 13 seconds on the 51). Thermocouple ‘samples are combined with the reference junction samples to give a display reading. It is desirable to separate the effects of these separate readings for calibration and troubleshooting purposes. Two modes are available for these purposes (TC CAL mode and RIS CAL mode). To enter these modes, itis necessary to short the TPI or ‘TP2 switch grid near the ON/OFF switch grid on the printed circuit assembly (pca) with the front cover of the instrument removed. Otherwise, these modes are acti- vated in the same manner as the secondary functions of the user button, However, the display test interval does not stay frozen while the connectionis held on test points TPL or TP2. Because of this, it is not immediately ‘obvious that you are in a calibration mode.Fluke $1/52 pea and switch contact points. The following is a list of the test points and their functions, TPO —_—_Noteffective if R22 is installed. Brings up high resolution for calibration purposes if R22is not installed. TP1 — (TCCAL mode) 24 CAUTION ‘When shorting outthe switch grids, use only the soft conductive pads supplied with the service ‘manual and called outin the required equipment list. Hard metal tools should not be used to touch the switch grid as they may damage the Offset potentiometer(s) (R7, 13) and a/d reference (R21) calibration. The thermo- ‘couple inputs are the only signals that affect the display in this mode. In this mode, the reference junction circuit ‘compensation is ignored; the microcom- puter simulates the reference junction cir- ‘cuit at room temperature. (RIS CAL mode) Reference Junction Sensor Calibration (R16). Since the thermocouple inputs are ignored in this mode, the reference junction compensation can be calibrated without interference from the thermocoupleinputs. In this mode, the thermocouple inputs are ignored; the microcomputer simulates zero output from the thermocouples.Fluke 51/52 Section 3 Maintenance WARNING ‘THESE SERVICE INSTRUCTIONS ARE FOR USE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY. TO AVOID ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO NOT PERFORM ANY SERVICING OTHER THAN THAT CONTAINED IN THE OPERATOR'S MANUAL UNLESS YOU ARE QUALIFIED TO DO SO. 3-1. INTRODUCTION is section contains maintenance information for the Fluke SI and 52 K/J Thermometers, including per- formance tests, calibration, general maintenance pro- cedures, and troubleshooting. For operator maintenance and instrument specifications, refer to the Operator's Manual, The performance tests are recommended as a preventive maintenance tool to verify proper instrument operation. ‘A one-year calibration cycles recommended to maintain the specifications given in the Operator's Manual, 3-2. SERVICE INFORMATION ‘The Fluke $1 and $2 are warranted for a period of 3 years upon shipment of the instrument to the original pur- chaser. Conditions of the warranty are described on the registration card. Malfunctions that occur within the limits of the warranty will be corrected at no cost to the purchaser. For in-warranty service, ship the instrument post-paid to the Fluke Service Center nearest you. A list of service centers is included at the back of the Operator's, Manual provided with the instrument at the time of purchase, Fluke Service Centers are also available for calibration or repair of instruments that are beyond the warranty period. Upon request, a cost estimate will be provided before work is performed on instruments that are beyond the warranty period. For application or operation assistance or information on Fluke products, call: 800-44-FLUKE (800-443-5853) in U.S.A. and Canada 31 40 723-220 in Europe 206-356-5500 from other countries Ifreshipmentis necessary, please use the original shipping container. If the original container is not available, be sure that adequate protection is provided to prevent damage during shipment. It is recommended that the instrument be surrounded by at least 3 inches of shock- absorbing material in the shipping container. 3-3. GENERAL MAINTENANCE 3-4, Instrument Disassembly WARNING TO AVOID ELECTRICAL SHOCK, REMOVE ‘THERMOCOUPLES BEFORE OPENING THE CASE, AND CLOSE THE CASE BEFORE OPERATING THE METER. CAUTION ‘Toavoid contaminating the pca with ol fromthe fingers, handle it by the edges or wear gloves. PCA contamination may not cause immediate {instrument failure in controlled environments. Failures typically show up when contaminated units are operated in humid areas, otFluke 51/52 Use the following procedure for removing the pea from its case. 1, Turn the instrument off and remove the thermocouples. 2. Remove the four case screws from the bottom cover with a #2 Phillips screwdriver. 3. Turn the meter face up, grasp the top cover, and pull the top cover from the meter. 4, Remove the Phillips screw that holds the pcato the back cover. 5. The pea may now be removed from the bottom. cover. CAUTION To prevent damage to the case, care should be taken when reassembling the unit to not over- torque the screws (6 to 7 inch pounds is sufficient) 3-5. Display Access ‘CAUTION Donot handle the conductive edges of the LCD or LED interconnects. I the edges are contam- inated, clean them with alcohol. While referring to Figure 3-1, use the following procedure to remove the LCD from the display holding bracket. 1. Remove the four Phillips screws from the back side of the pea. INSERT SMALL ‘SCREWORIVER Figure 2-1. Display Assembly 32 2. Remove the LCD mounting bracket. 3. Insert a small screwdriver under the edges of the display holding bracket, and gently pry the bracket loose from the snaps. 4. Turn the bracket upside down to remove the LCD. 5. Beforeinstallinga new LCD, makesure that all connector contact points are clean, 3-6. Cleaning CAUTION To avoid damaging the meter, do not use aromatic hydrocarbons or chlorinated solvents for cleaning. These solutions will react with the plastics used in the instrument. Do notallow the liquid crystal display toget wet. Remove the display assembly before washing 1@ pea, and do not install until the pca is ‘completely dry. Do not use detergent of any kind for cleaning the pea. ‘Avoid removal of lubrication from the thermo- couple connectors when cleaning the pca. To relubricate the thermocouple connectors, slide the white isothermal block up and off the metal connectors. Apply @ conservative amount of Amoco Rykon® PN 344572, Premium Grease, type EP-2, on the side of the connectors nearest the battery as shown in Figure 3-2, Clean the instrument case with a mild detergent and water, ‘The pea may be washed with isopropyl alcohol or deionized water and a soft brush. Remove the display assembly before washing. Dry with clean dry air at low pressure and then bake at 50°C for 24 hours. 3-7. PERFORMANCE TEST The following procedure refers to the Fluke 51 or 52 instruments as the Unit Under Test (UUT). Performance tests are recommended for incoming inspec- tion, periodic maintenance, and for verifying the specifi- cations in the Operator’s Manual. Ifthe instrument fails any part of the test, calibration and/or repair is indicated. Ryton x regstered rademark ofthe Amoco Oil CompanyFluke $1752 ‘Apply one drop ot Anoco Rykon #2 Premium Grease ‘or euivlontto Be thermocouple contacts Section B-B eo bo Figure 3-2. Lubricating the Thermocouple Connectors 3-8. Initial Procedure Use the following procedure to prepare the UUT before beginning the Performance Tests or Calibration Procedures. 1. Allow the UUT to stabilize to room tempera- ture, 23°C + 5°C (73°F + 9°F). 2. Check the battery and replace it if necessary. 3-9. Display Test ‘Turn the instrument on while continuously pressing the HOLD button. Check that all the display segments come ‘on as shown in Figure 3-3. The entire display stays on as. Jong as the HOLD button is pressed. NOTE Since pressing the HOLD button during power-up activates one of the instruments secondary functions (see Secondary Functions in Section 2-8), take care to return the insiru- ‘ment to its normal function (if required). 3:10. WIDE RANGE PERFORMANCE TEST PROCEDURE ‘The performance test listed here verifies instrument performance to its specifications, This test may be used for initial acceptance, for verifying calibration, or as an aid in troubleshooting. If the thermometer fails to meet 51 Display 52 Display 2898 20.4988 MIN MAX HOLD REC$ °F aa: a: + Figure 3-3. Display TestFluke 51/52 specifications in this test, the calibration adjustment procedure or troubleshooting should be performed as determined by qualified personnel. Test equipment required for the performance test and calibration is listed in Table 3-1. If the recommended equipment is not available, instruments with equivalent specifications may be used. The test should be conducted, with an ambient temperature of 23°C + 5°C (73°F +, °F) 3-11, Ice Bath Construction To begin the Performance Test, first construct an ice bath, using the following steps. 1. Prepare a Dewar Flask by drilling two holes in its cap to accept the thermometer and thermo- couple wires, or use a standard laboratory cork 2. Filltthe Dewar Flask with shaved or crushed ice made from distilled water. 3. Fill the Dewar Flask with enough distilled water so that the ice becomes slush, but do not add enough water to float the ice. NOTE As the ice melts, siphon off the excess water ‘and add more ice. Allow approximately 5 10 10 minutes for the water to drop back to the ‘Sreezing point. 4, Replace the Dewar Flask cap or cork, and insert thermocouple wires as shown in Figure 3-4. 3-12, Ice Bath Test Use the following procedure to test the instrument. This, test should be conducted on both thermocouple inputs on the 52. 1. Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 3-4. 2. Insert the Mercury Thermometer to the same depth as the thermocouple wires, verify that the Ice Bath temperature is 0.0°C +0.3°C. 3. Short (or apply 0 mV) to the copper wires atthe 54404 Calibrator. 4. Verify that the UUT reads 0.0°C #0.4°C. Table 3-1. Recommended Test Equipment TEST EQUIPMENT DMM DC Voltage ‘Temperature Probe DC Voltage Calibrator Resolution: Elastometer Switch Pad ‘Thermocouple Connector Thermocouple Wire (Kor J Type) Dewar Flask/Cap Mercury Thermometer (either °C or °F) REQUIRED CHARACTERISTICS Accuracy: 0.5% Accuracy: Certified to +0.2°C ambient Output Voltage 0 to 10V Accuracy: 0.002% For K-type thermocouple 1-pint capacity 0.02°C resolution 0.05°F resolution RECOMMENDED MODEL Fluke model 80608, Fluke Model 80T-150U Fluke 54404 10 nV Fluke P/N 680686 Fluke 80CK-M Omega ‘Thermos Princo Model ASTMS6C \co Model ASTMS6F | { fFluke 51/52 51 0r 82. Thermocouple Wire Digital Thermometer + O- -o Ice Bath 54408 Divider Output Figure 3-4. Equipment Connections ‘Table 3-2. Performance Test Values. THERMOCOUPLE INPUT VOLTAGE DISPLAY READING TYPE (mv Dc) DEGREES C DEGREES F kK -$587 -1820 +109) 2956 41.6) K “3211 -89.0 40.8) 7128.2 (1.4) K 21.919 5300 (1.2) 986.0 +23) kK 54.297 13550 +21) 2471.0 +(3.8) J -7824 “197.0 +(1.0) 3226 +(1.7) J 13997 2580 +(1.1) 496.4 (1.9) J 39.442 7050 (1.5) 1901.0 (27) If this test fails, reposition the thermocouple wires and ‘Mercury Thermometer in the Ice Bath and repeat Step 2-4 If the test continues to fail then perform the Calibration Procedure, earlier in this section. 5. Remove the short applied in step 3. 6. Using Table 3-2 (for the corresponding thermocouple type), obtain a divided output from the 5440A equal to the first value of the “Input Voltage (mVDC)” column, and verify thatthe UUT reads within the limits specified. 7. Repeat step 2 for the remaining voltages in the “Input Voltage (mVDC)” column, 8. Disconnect the thermocouple from the input terminals. This completes the Ice Bath Test. 3-13. CALIBRATION PROCEDURE ‘The following procedure refers to the Fluke 51 or 52 instruments as the Unit Under Test (UT). CAUTION When you are directed to short a switch grid below, use only the elastomeric switch pad thatis supplied, as pea damage could occurit ahard tool is used.Fluke 51/52 Wire the Thermocouple Connector to the 5440A with a length of ordinary 22-gauge wire. Polarity is important, 0 connect the positive side to the narrow thermocouple blade and the negative side to the wide blade. When using this ‘connector with the UT case top removed, make sure that the wide blade is oriented the same as the case top would normally allow. Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 35. 3-14. Instrument Calibration Use the following procedure to calibrate the 51 and 52 K/J ‘Thermometers. 1. Turn UUT off and remove the top case leaving the pea in the bottom case. 2. Simultaneously short the TPI grid and turn on the UUT by shorting the ON/OFF switch grid. Hold the elastomeric switch pad on TPI for at least 3 seconds after turn on. This puts the UUT into the Thermocouple Calibration mode. 3. Allow the UUT to stabilize at room temperature, 23°C 25°C (73°F 29°F), 4, Select °C mode, Select T1 if the UUT is a Fluke 52, 5, Adjust the $440A for 0.00000V. Connect the 440A divider output to the TP! input 6. Allow the meter reading to settle and then adjust the TI offset adjustment (R7) for a display reading of 25.2°C +0.1°C. Skip the next two steps if you are calibrating the Fluke 51 7. Leave the S440A adjusted for 0.00000V. Connect the 5440A divider output to the T2 input and select the T2 function. 8. Allow the reading to settle and adjust the 12 offset adjustment (R13) for a display reading of 25.2°C 40.1°C. 9. Adjust the S440A for 53.807 mV output (5.3807V on the 343A). 10. Allow the reading to settle and adjust (R21) for @ display reading of +1370.0°C 404°C. II. Disconnect the UUT from the 5440A. Power down the UUT by shorting the ON/OFF switch rid, 12, With an elastomeric switch pad in both hands, tse the left one to short out the TP2 grid, and use the tight one to first turn on the instrument and then quickly short out the VIEW switch grid Hold this position until the display is held in self-test. This puts the UUT into the Reference Junetion Sensor calibration mode, and the VIEW 51 or 52 Digital Thermometer + O- -o Divider O Output Figure 3-5. Calibration Adjustment Connections 3-6 | |Fluke 51/52 maneuver turns off a filter so that the reading settles immediately 1. Using the 80T-150U and the 8060A DMM, measure the reference junction transistor temperature by placing the 80T-150U probe tip against QI, located in the middle hole of the isothermal block. Wait for the temperature reading to stabilize. 14, Adjust RIG for a temperature reading that is the ‘same as displayed on the 8060A DMM. 15. Power down the UT and reassemble. ‘The following steps optimize the UUT performance in the negative temperature range. 16, Put the UUT in normal operating mode. Normal ‘operation can be achieved by turning the UUT OFF and then ON. No other UUT buttons should be pressed during the power cycle operation. 17, Insert a known good thermocouple in an Ice Bath (See Ice Bath Construction, earlier in this section), 18, Insert the Mercury Thermometer to the same depth as the thermocouple wires, verifying the Ice Bath temperature is 0.0°C 20.3 19. Connect the other end of the thermocouple wire to the TI input of the UUT and allow the instrument reading to settle. 20. Slowly and in small graduations, adjust R7 (TI OFFSET) until the UUT reading matches the Mercury Thermometer reading. Allow the UUT reading to settle and repeat the adjustment as necessary until a stable and correct reading can be attained. 21, Repeat Steps 19 and 20 for the RI3 (T2 (OFFSET, Fluke 52 only). 3-15. Thermocouple Input Calibration Perform the thermocouple input calibration using the following procedure. NOTE This procedure optimizes the 51 or 52 for ‘measurement with a specific thermocouple. 1. Construct an ambient temperature lag bath as shown in Figure 3-6. 2. Connect the thermocouple to the 51/52 input terminals. Select the applicable switch position (TI or T2) and temperature scale (°C or °F). Insert the probe into a room temperature lag bath, MERCURY ‘THERMOMETER {002*C RESOLUTION us earn (ROOM TEMPERATURE WaTER Imawenseo To APPROXIMATELY ‘SAME DEPTH Figure 3-6. Room Temperature Lag Bath =Fluke 51/52 3. Allow the system to stabilize, then adjust TI or 2 offset adjustments for a temperature display equal to the reading of the lag bath reference thermometer. 4. Calibration of the 51/52 is complete. Disconnect all test equipment from the instrument. 3:16, TROUBLESHOOTING CAUTION Static discharge can damage CMOS components U1, U2, and U4. Follow the handling precautions given previously for static-sensitive components. Never femove or install components without first disconnecting all inputs to the instrument. 3-17. Introduction If the pea must be removed from the instrument, the board should be handled by the edges or the LCD bracket. This Prevents improper operation due to electrical leakage caused by body fluids and salts. After any repair operation, the pea assembly must be cleaned by the procedure ‘outlined in Section 3-6. When the instrument is powered on, an approximate 1- second delay occurs during the microcomputer reset imterval. After that, a short (1/3 second) period occurs that forces all LCD segments to appear while an internal self- test occurs. Secondary functions are also sought by the microprocessor during the power-on sequence, such as alternate thermocouple type, alternate resolution, scan ‘mode, TC calibration mode, and RJS calibration mode. Ifthe A/D converter within UI is nonfunctional or if C10, C1 and ZI are nonfunctional, the entire display flashes up to eight times as the instrument attempts 10 pass the A/D Self-Test. The instrument then exits the self-test phase and attempts to establish normal operation. If a problem occurs, check the Operator's Manual 10 ‘ensure proper operating procedures, If there is still a problem with the instrument, continue on with this section. If Ul or U2 is defective, replacement should be left to experienced personnel. Service information is contained in Section 3-2 of this manual. For information on how to ‘order replacement parts, refer to How To Obtain Parts in Section 4-2 of this manual. To obtain shipping information refer to the list of Fluke Service Centers in the Operator's Manual provided with the instrument a the time of purchase 3-18. Fault Diagnosis Guide ‘A fault guide for the 51 and 52 K/J Thermometers is given in Table 3-3. This guide can be helpful in isolating troubles to a component area. Unless otherwise specified, make all voltage measurements with respect to instrument common. ‘Common is generated by U1 at pin 14 (COM). 3-19. Using Calibration Modes for Troubleshooting In the normal operating mode, the instrument obtains a reading from the combinations of the reference junction signal and the thermocouple signals. However, when troubleshooting, sections of the circuitry can be isolated. i | |Use TPI to enter the TC CAL mode to eliminate the effect of the reference junction signal on the reading. In this mode, the reference junction compensation circuit is ignored; the microcomputer simulates the reference junction circuit as it would be at room temperature. ‘An example of the use of this mode is when the instrument displays an error indication (as shown in Figure 3-7) for ‘TI, 12, and T1-T2, This may imply that the instrument is, outside the allowable ambient operating temperature window Gust below 0°C to just above 50°C). However, this display around room temperature either indicates all Fluke 51/52 ‘thermocouples are open or the reference junction circuit is malfunctioning. If the TC CAL mode is selected and the readings are roughly correct and responsive to changes in thermocouple temperature, then the reference junction circuit may be malfunctioning. Use TP? to enter the RIS CAL mode to eliminate the effect ‘ofthe thermocouple signals. This mode samples the reference junction more often than normal, which shortens the time between readings to show the immediate effect of an adjustment (normally up to 20 seconds). Figure 3-7. Error indication 39Fluke 61/52 fable 3-3. Fault Guide ‘See if the wrong thermocouple ‘ype is installed or selected. Also ‘see if the extension wire is of the ‘proper thermocouple type. The thermocouple is installed backwards. Ifthe measurement junction and the instrument are both at the same temperature, the reading appears to be correct. However, if the measurement junction is then heated, the meter shows a colder reading, Offset controls are misadjusted. ‘SYMPTOM POSSIBLE CAUSE ‘ACTION ‘No display; unit (Dead battery. Make sure CRS is not shorted and that CR6 is fails to turn on not leaky. Ut not generating Veom, Check (+) side of battery relative to common for approximately 3.1V at room temperature (common appears on the grid pattern under the battery, VR1, pin 14, 15, and 16 of U1, etc) Ud detective. Check to see it U4 is operating: pin 4 of U4 ‘should toggle as pin 8 is momentarily shorted {o the juncture of C8, R26. Also check C8, A26, and R27. ‘Absent or dim and Very low battery (the battery Replace the battery. inactive display ‘symbol should be visible on the display). No clock. ‘Check for approximately 32768 Hz, 3V peak- to-peak square-wave on U2 pin 12. Ifno signal is found, look for evidence of 32768 Hz on pin ‘54 of U1 and a lower level signal on pin 52 of U1. Also check U1, Y1, oF C3. ‘Some segments are ‘Contamination of LCD Look for debris trapped under elastomeric missing on the display | interconnects at pca or LCD (U3). | interconnect. Clean as described in Section 36, Defective LOD. Replace the LCD. Defective U2 ‘Check for activity on U2 output strobes to the Leo. ‘Damaged LCD interconnect. Examine interconnect and contacts for contaminants. Clean per Section 3-6. Inaccurate ‘Damaged or open thermocouple. Replace the thermocouple. readings Refer to Table 1 in the Operator's Manual that describes how to identify thermocouple type and wire polarity. Refer to Table 1 in the Operator's Manual that describes how to identity thermocouple type and wire polarity. Recalibrate per Thermocouple Input Calibration in Section 3-15. 3410Fluke 51/52 Table 3-3. Fault Guide (cont) SYMPTOM | __~POSSIBLE CAUSE. ACTION Inaccurate Low battery (the low-battery Replace the battery readings(cont) anmunciator should be on). Instrument is outof calibration. Execute calibration procedure in Section 3-13. U1, VR1, G1, oF 21 is detective Make the following measurements with @ Fluke 80600 in the Hi-Z 2V DC range. All voltages are with respect to pin 4 of 21 (instrument common). With reference junction sensor calibrated, the base of @1 should be ‘567 mV at 25°C. If VR1 is operating properly, pin 9 of 21 should be 1.23V (£003V). With R21 calibrated, pin 7 of 21 should be 1.00V, pin 6 should be 482 mV +3 mv, and pin § should be 170 mV #1 mV. PCA contaminated around Ut Clean per Section 3-6. and/or thermocouple input area. Noisy or erratic Exceeds common mode voltage | Check to ensure that the common mode readings specifications voltage on any thermocouple is not beyond specification for the instrument. Use isolated thermocouples where the possibly of voltage diferences between T1 and T2 (for the 52) is ‘reater than 1 volt (see specifications in the Operator's Manual). The thermocouple may be ‘Check the welded measurement junction damaged. (bead) on the thermocouple. Also check al connector hardware. Offset potentiometers R7 and R13 | Set up the §1/52 per Section 3-15 and rotate are worn or detective. High level electromagnetic field possibly caused by a radio transmitter nearby. Battery is very low. Ut, VAI, C10, C11, or 21 is detective. PCA contaminated around U1 and/or thermocouple input area. 3,9; R4,10; oF R511 input protection resistors damaged Pull-up resistor open (R28) and thermocouple is not plugged in or is open. 7 and R13 to see ifthe display shows erratic readings. Eliminate the suspected source and allow at least 20 seconds for the instrument to recover. 1, C2, and C12 alleviate disturbances from such EMI sources. Replace the battery, Substitute parts. Glean per Section 3-6. Check resistance values, replace it necessary. Check resistance values, replace it necessary. onFluke 51/52 Table 3-3. Fault Guide (con!) POSSIBLE CAUSE ACTION ‘No action from U4 defective Pin 11 of U4 should toggle as pin 1 is shorted F/G button to the juncture of R25-CS. The purpose of C4 isto ensure that the F/C flip-flop remains in the same state when the instrument is Powered on and off. Debris on switch grid. Clean per Section 3-6. Ut defective. Replace U1 CRE open. * Replace CRS. Short battery High storage temperature. It high temperature storage is expected, use an lite Batteries tend to selt-discharge alkaline-type battery, which exhibits longer more rapidly when stored at shelf life than the carbon zinc type. elevated temperature. With the instrument ON, battory Check U1 and U2 current drain. drain is approximately 350 A £50 yA at room temperature. With the instrument OFF, battery | Check U4, CRS, and CRG for leakage. drain is greater than 5 A at room temperature,Fluke 51/52 Section 4 List of Replacement Parts TABLE OF CONTENTS. TLE TABLE PAGE FIGURE PAGE Fluke 51 Final Assembly 44 43 41 44 Fluke 52 Final Assembly 41 43 42 45 Fluke 51 Al Main PCA 42 46 43 47 Fluke 52 Al Main PCA, 42 46 44 48 aFluke 61/52 41, INTRODUCTION ‘This section contains an illustrated list of replaceable parts for the 51 and 52 K/J Thermometers. Parts are listed by assembly; alphabetized by reference designator. Each assembly is accompanied by an illustration showing the location of each part and its reference designator. The parts lists give the following information: + Reference designator ‘+ An indication if the part is subject to damage by static discharge «Description + Fluke stock number ‘* Manufacturers supply code (doe-to-name list at the ‘end of this section) ‘* Manufacturers part number or generic type + Total quantity ‘ Any special notes (i... factory-selected part) CAUTION ‘A* symbol indicates a device that may be damaged by static discharge. 4-2. HOW TO OBTAIN PARTS Electrical components may be ordered directly from the manufacturer by using the manufacturers part number, or from the Fluke Corporation and its authorized representatives by using the part number under the heading FLUKE STOCK NO. In the U.S., order directly from the Fluke Parts Dept. by calling 1-800-526-4731. Parts price information is available from the Fluke Corporation or its representatives. Prices are also available in a Fluke Replacement Parts Catalog which is available on request. In the event that the part ordered has been replaced by a new or improved part, the replacement will be accompanied by an explanatory note and installation instructions, if necessary, To ensure prompt delivery of the correct part, following information when you place an order: + Instrument model and serial number + Part number and revision level of the pea containing the part. + Reference designator + Fluke stock number + Description (as given under the DESCRIPTION heading) * Quantity 4-3, MANUAL STATUS INFORMATION ‘The Manual Status Information table that precedes the parts list defines the assembly revision levels that are documented in the manual. Revision levels are printed on the component side of each pea. 4.4, NEWER INSTRUMENTS ‘Changes and improvements made to the instrument are identified by incrementing the revision letter marked on the affected pea. These changes are documented on a supplemental change/errata sheet which, when applicable, is included with the manual. 4-5. SERVICE CENTERS Ato svc cent cad tt nd of hi etn nore @ This instrument may contain a Nickel-Cadmium battery. Do not mix with the solid waste stream. Spent batteries should be disposed of by @ qualified recycler or hazardous materials handler. Contact your authorized Fluke service center for recycling information. MANUAL STATUS INFORMATION Ref or Option number | Assembly name Fluke Part Number Revision Level At FLUKE 51 Main PCA 778191 J a2 FLUKE 52 Main PCA 78209 L 42