Aerobiological Approach in Monitoring of Environmental Biopollution and Its Implication in Health

Aerobiological approach in monitoring of
environmental biopollution and its

implication in health
DR. RANGASWAMY, B.E.

PROFESSOR & HEAD
DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY & RESEARCH CENTRE
B.I.E.T. DAVANGERE
12/08/21 DVG-UNIversity 1
• What is Aerobiology?
•
It was in 1935 F.C. Meirs coined the term aerobiology as
the scientific discipline which focused on aerial biomass.
Aerobiology is the study of bioaerosols of airborne
particles, of their sources, liberation, dispersal,
deposition and impact on other living organisms and of
the effects of environmental conditions on each of these
process.
The term “air spora” was suggested by gregory (1952) & is
mainly concerned with aerobiology
Pollution Bio-pollution
THE ACT OR PROCESS OF ATMOSPHERE POLLUTED

POLLUTING OR THE BY PARTICLES OF
STATE OF BEING BIOLOGICAL ORIGIN LIKE
POLLUTED, ESPECIALLY FUNGAL SPORES,
THE CONTAMINATION OF POLLEN GRAINS, FUNGAL
SOIL, WATER, OR THE MYCELIA,TRICHOMES,
ATMOSPHERE BY THE ANIMAL DANDER AND
DISCHARGE OF HARMFUL HAIR.
SUBSTANCES.
• SOME OF THESE BIOPOLLUTANTS HAVE BEEN
CLINICALLY PROVED TO CAUSE VARIOUS TYPES
OF ALLERGIES SUCH AS RHINITIS,
ASPERGILLOSIS, ASTHMA, ECZEMA, CONTACT
DERMATITIS AND URTICARIA.
• THE MAIN OBJECTIVE OF THE BIOPOLLUTION

MONITORING IS TO ASSIST ALLERGY
SPECIALISTS (CLINICIANS) TO EVALUATE
ALLERGENICITY OF PREDOMINANT AIRBORNE
POLLEN AND MOLD SPORES.

ALLERGENS
The term “Allergen” is used for an antigen which
causes allergic reaction. There are no known
physiological differences between allergens and
other proteins. The allergenic activity of a
molecule depends upon its antigenic
determinants and chemical configuration.
Clinically the term “Allergen” is often used for

the source of allergenic molecules.
ALLERGY
Allergy the term is defined as an altered and often
accelerated reaction of a person to a second or
subsequent exposure to a foreign substance to
which the body has been sensitizing during the
first exposure
It can be also defined as altered reaction of the
body when immunity breaks down.
METHODOLOGY.
• Aerobiological sampling is carried out for

determining types and quantity of airborne
pollen and mold spores. This information is
useful for effective diagnosis and treatment
of pollen and fungal allergy. To achieve this
aim various methods are employed to study
airborne pollen and fungal spores both
qualitatively and quantitatively. These
sampling methods were used for indoor as
well as outdoor
• PROCEDURES
• One of the prerequisites of indoor and
outdoor aerobiological studies is to
investigate thoroughly local vegetation and
immediate environment. Predominant types
of pollen grains and fungal spores in the
Bangalore atmosphere compiled recently
indicates presence of several types of
allerginically significant pollen and fungal
spores
•
A e r o p a ly n o lo g ic a l s t u d ie s in v o lv e
Id e n tific a tio n o f T r a p p e d p o lle n (A e r o a lle r g e n s )
Q u a lita tiv e a n a ly s is
Q u a n tita tiv e a n a ly s is
C o m p ila tio n o f P o lle n c a le n d e r
Distinction between pollen produced by
Anemophilous and Entomophilous plants
Pollen of Anemophilous Pollen of Entomophilous

plants plant
• Pollen grains are dry, • Pollen sticky, produced in
light and smooth walled. less numbers, usually
• Pollen produced in large heavy and large in size
quantity are small in size having spiny or variously
and light in weight so sculptured wall.
that they are easily
carried by the agency of
wind to far off places. • Pollen easily get stuck to
the insect body facilitating
pollination.
MOULDS AND RESPIRATORY ALLERGY
Respiratory allergy to moulds was identified in the

18th century in an individual suffering from asthma
attack after a visit to a cellar covered in moulds.
It has nevertheless only been in the last decade that

any real interest in fungal allergy has developed,
despite the fact that mould spores are
unquestionably the most numerous and most
diverse living particles in the air that we breath.

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Aerobiological approach in monitoring of

environmental biopollution and its

DR. RANGASWAMY, B.E.

THE ACT OR PROCESS OF ATMOSPHERE POLLUTED

• THE MAIN OBJECTIVE OF THE BIOPOLLUTION

Clinically the term “Allergen” is often used for

• Aerobiological sampling is carried out for

Id e n tific a tio n o f T r a p p e d p o lle n (A e r o a lle r g e n s )

C o m p ila tio n o f P o lle n c a le n d e r

Pollen of Anemophilous Pollen of Entomophilous

Respiratory allergy to moulds was identified in the

It has nevertheless only been in the last decade that

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