Healthgisvis

Viswanathan.
S
2010249038
 Can we identify areas wherein a particular disease is prevalent?
 Can we get some clues about the possible factors that is responsible
for a particular disease?
 Where to give additional sanctions for facilities and staff?
 Where to locate an Primary Health Centre?
 Which are the areas wherein water, air, soil related diseases are
prevalent ?
 In which area the infant mortality rate is high?
 Which are the areas where the birth/death rate is high?
GIS can combine many layers of information, for example:
 Demographic Data: Births, Deaths, Diseases, Population
 Infrastructure: Buildings, Roads, Floor Plans, Nursing Units
 Internal Data: Patients, Utilisation, Revenues
 Facilities: Hospitals, Ambulatories, Health Posts, Drug Stores
 Administrative Boundaries: Marz, Service Regions, Planning
Areas
 Environmental: Topographic, Toxic Sites, Infectious Disease, Air
and Water Quality Testing Sites.
1. Spatial epidemiology
2. Environmental hazards
3. Modeling Health Services
4. Identifying health inequalities
5. Data access
 Public health management needs information on
prevalence of diseases, facilities that are available and
needs.
 Data relating to Public health is voluminous, so difficult
for analysis.
 The data needs to be presented to bring out the
temporal and spatial nature of the problem.
 Most epidemiological data have a location and time
reference.
 GIS integrates statistical and other information in
spatially referenced form and helps in analysis.
 In Salem district (Tamilnadu), Attur, Konganapuram,
Omalur and Veerapandi blocks (panchayat union)
have been taken for the pilot study.
 The source for digital database is from the project
"Panchayat Resources Information System" a project
funded by Tamilnadu State Planning Commission,
Conceptualized at IRS and Commissioned at DRDA,
Salem.
The main objective of the study is Creation of a GIS based Decision
Support Tool for Public Health Management.
 Distribution of PHCs and other Government Hospitals
 Distribution of General Morbidity Level
 Distribution of Level of Incidence for each disease
 Distribution of Morbidity for each diseases by sex
 Distribution of Morbidity by Residence (Rural / Urban)
 Distribution of Morbidity by the quality of drinking water
 Distribution of Morbidity by Water pollution sources
 Distribution of Morbidity by Air pollution sources
 Distribution of Vital Rates, Individually
SPATIAL GIS NON - SPATIAL
DATA DATA BASE DATA
USER INTERACTIVE INTERFACE
LAYOUT OF MAPS
DATA INPUT
CHARTS
QUERIES
U TABULAR INFORMATION
S
E QUERIED
R RESULTS
UPDATION and
REPORTS
SPATIAL DISPLAY OF NON-

SPATIAL INFORMATION
PHC (Primary Health Center)
DISEASE WISE MORBIDITY
User can select
his disease of
interest
Death Rates
Merging of Tabular data with Spatial data helps in analyzing
the pattern across the geographical area as depicted in the
sample below
 The need for cost effective PC - based GIS solution for
developmental activities in Health Sector Management is met
by the system.
 The GUI of the system proves to be a friendly interface for
spatial and aspatial information retrieval.

Key features of Health Information System are
 Querying information on spatial and aspatial data,
 Print output of the maps at user defined scales and extent,
 Making an integrated analysis on spatial and aspatial data,
 Performing query on multiple themes simultaneously

 In late 2002, a new strain of a typical pneumonia was
detected in southern China.
 By March 2003 the disease, now commonly known as
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), had spread
around the world..
 A Web site established in Hong Kong tracked the locations
of reported SARS cases worldwide.
 GIS allowed early recognition that a large multistory
residential complex was a "reservoir" for the infection.
It rapidly became clear that the disease spread through
proximity with infected carriers. The importance of
location comes into picture now
 Where were infected cases located?
 Which areas or buildings were free of the disease?
 More important, for speeding the return to normal
life, which areas had been infected but were now
declared clear?
In Hong Kong , GIS as a means of
assembling and analyzing information on the
spread and distribution of the disease.
However, more than simply analyzing, Web-
based GIS would make it possible to
disseminate this information to the local
population and global audience as well.
Esri China (Hong Kong) developed and
hosted the SARS Mapping Web site.
 Built on ArcIMS, the system was launched with both Chinese
and English interfaces.
 It provided three basic views giving up-to-date accurate
information on the distribution of the disease in Hong Kong,
China, and the world, respectively.
 Daily updates from the China Center for Disease Control and
Prevention (China CDC), Department of Health (DoH),
Government of Hong Kong SAR, and WHO were collected,
geocoded, and presented as online maps that could be
interrogated, analyzed, navigated, and printed.
 Information on Web site for suspected
buildings.
 Most recent updates Highlighted.
 Functionality to measure the distance
between two buildings and check the number
of infected cases within a given radius.
 In addition, the site provided summary views
of statistics aggregated to administration
regions.
The SARS Mapping Web site was developed as part of the Esri
China (Hong Kong) ongoing program of serving the local community
through the innovative deployment of GIS.
 Many lessons have been learned in combating this disease
including the importance of vigilance; clear and early notification
of outbreaks; and accurate, open dissemination of information.
 It is also a reminder of the interconnected nature of today's world
and the overriding importance of geography and location.
 With limited resources, these agencies need to
determine the most appropriate way to make
information available.
 To facilitate most of this data processing, the South
Carolina Department of Health and Environmental
Control (SC DHEC) has turned to geographic
information system (GIS) technology.
PROBLEM:A public health organization needed an
efficient way to serve health data and emergency
information to the public.
 Serve data to an audience with diverse technical
capabilities and varied needs.
 Leverage information with limited resources.
 Allow different levels of access to information.
 Integrate disparate systems.
 Keep data current and well documented.

1. ArcIMS
2. ArcSDE
3. ArcGIS
4. StreetMap
5. Microsoft SQL Server
6. ASP
7. .NET
8. HP ProLiant Servers
 Birth and death certificate data and demographics
 Newer datasets include Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring
System, cancer incidence data.
 Each dataset has a series of pages related to it: Create a Table,
Example, Definitions, Variable Information, Generate a Map,
FAQs, and Links.
 These maps display statistics the user has selected as well as
supplemental reference information such as the location of health
regions and facilities, major cities, and street networks.
 This Web site is also home to the Shelter Navigation system
 Procedures have been developed to keep GIS
layers accessible, current, and well
documented.
 Health problems can now be studied below
county-level boundaries without expending a
large amount of time and manual labor.
 Public health data and emergency
information is accessible over the Internet to
those who need it.
[1] Health GIS Tools and Applications Informing Decisions in Yemen
Carleen Ghio et al.,
[2]CHALLENGES OF MAPPING APPLICATIONS IN HEALTH AND
ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN THE UNDERDEVELOPED WORLD - CASE
STUDY OF THE NIGER DELTA REGION (NIGERIA). BY SIBE, R.T., E-
Sense Technologies Ltd, Port Harcourt, Nigeria (www.esensetechnologies.com).
[3] GIS for public health management., M. G. S. M. Zaffar Sadiq et al.,
[4] Spatial Decision Support System using GIS based infrastructure: Planning in
health & education for Ranchi., Mili Ghosh et al.,
[5] Spinfo HealthMap - A Health GIS Application
Shankar. K. N, Sathish Selvakumar., Spatial Data Pvt. Ltd.
[6] APPLICATION OF GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN
ARMENIA OPPORTUNITIES FOR EXPANDED USE IN THE HEALTH
SPHERE., Case Study by USAID.,
[7] Tracking SARS in China With GIS.,www.esri.com

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Viswanathan.

3. Modeling Health Services

4. Identifying health inequalities

USER INTERACTIVE INTERFACE

SPATIAL DISPLAY OF NON-

spatial and aspatial information retrieval.

 Print output of the maps at user defined scales and extent,

 Making an integrated analysis on spatial and aspatial data,

 Performing query on multiple themes simultaneously

capabilities and varied needs.

 Leverage information with limited resources.

 Allow different levels of access to information.

 Integrate disparate systems.

 Keep data current and well documented.

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