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Disaster Management
In BangIadesh
Dated : 07-02-2011
NAEM, Dhaka
Md. ShamsuI Arefin
Joint Secretary (OSD)
Ministry of EstabIishment
Government of the PeopIe's RepubIic of BangIadesh
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2011
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Nd. Shamsul Arefin 2
CuLllne of Lhe resenLaLlon
lsasLer and lLs baslc concepLs
(hazard vulnerablllLv capaclLv rlsk)
1vpes of lsasLer (ln broad sense accordlna Lo orlaln
conslderlna oLher characLerlsLlcs)
Whv lsasLer ManaaemenL ls cruclal for
8analadesh (slx maln reasons Lo adopL M)
8lsk ManaaemenL rocess (ldenLlflcaLlon analvsls
prlorlLlzaLlon LreaLmenL monlLorlna evaluaLlon)
hases of 8lsk ManaaemenL
(prevenLlon mlLlaaLlon preparedness response recoverv)
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2011
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h||osophy of resentat|on
cannoL Leach anvbodv anvLhlna can onlv make Lhem
Lhlnk ocrates
hear and foraeL see and remember do and
undersLand h|nese roverb
1he whole unlverse ls llke a school Lo me of whlch am
an eLernal sLudenL
n|rma| 8as
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2011

hat is meant by Disaster? hat is meant by Disaster?

Disaster means a serious disruption of the functioning of an
individual, or a community, or a society causing widespread
human, material, economic and environmental losses which
exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to
cope using its own resources.
a serlous slLuaLlon occurs from a hazard/ mulLlple hazards
usuallv assoclaLed wlLh severe damaae ln[urv deaLh
mav be wldespread or conLalned wlLhln a parLlcular secLor
exceeds coplna ablllLv of affecLed lndlvldual communlLv socleLv
a disaster can best be described as a possibIe
outcome of a hazard striking a vuInerabIe
community eIement.
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2011
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!hases of Disaster Management

Najor Phases of DN are:
Prevention (dyke constructionto prevent)
Nitigation (building code to minimize/reduce)
Preparedness (training to plan to response)
Response (search S rescue during emergency)
Recovery (grants to recover)
AII the above phases are inter-Iinked
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Disaster Management !rocess

omprised of five steps viz:
dentification
Analysis
Prioritization
Treatment
Nonitoring S Evaluation
AII the above steps are inter-reIated
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2011
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NA1ICNAL DIA1Lk CN1Lk1
Frequently hit by various natural disasters like
Cyclones, Storm surges, Floods, Tornadoes,
Earthquakes, Droughts and other calamities.
Monsoon flooding is an annual occurrence shaping lives
and livelihoods.
Almost 200 disaster events have occurred causing
more than 500,000 deaths and leaving prolonged
damage to livelihoods, infrastructure and the economy.
Climate change is likely to cause significant impact in
the form of severe floods, cyclones, droughts, sea level
rise and salinity affecting agriculture, livelihoods,
natural systems, water supply, health etc.
The disaster vulnerable people demonstrates strong
coping capacity to face the disaster challenges.
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2011
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TYPES OF DISASTER TYPES OF DISASTER
Disaster are two types : NaturaI and Human-induced
NaturaI Hazards Human Induced Hazards
A .GeoIogicaI
1.Earthquake
2.VoIcanic Eruption
3.Land SIides
4.River Erosion
1.orId ar
2.CiviI ar
3.Terrorist Activities
4.PopuIation ExpIosion
5.Fire
6.Road Accident
7.Mining ExpIoration
B. CIimatoIogicaIIy
1.CycIone
2.FIood
3.Drought
4.CoId ave
C. EnvironmentaI
1.Green House Effect
2.Deforestation
3.Desertification
4.Pest Attack
5.Arsenic Contamination
D. Epidemic
1.ChoIera
2.SmaII Pox
3.Dengue
4.PIague
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10, 2011
Md. Shamsul Arefin
azards, Disaster and Bangladesh
azards
Flood
ll yclone, tidal surge
ll River bank erosion
ll Earthquake
ll Drought
ll Salinity intrusion
ll Arsenic contamination
llnfrastructure collapse
ll Fire
ll Tsunami
ll Landslides
ear Disaster Deaths
1970 CycIone 300,000
1988 FIood 2373
1988 CycIone 5704
1989 Drought 800
1991 CycIone 138,868
1996 Tornado 545
1997 CycIone 550
1998 FIood 1050
2004 FIood 747
2007 LandsIide 127
2007 FIood 1071
2007 CycIone Sidr 3406
2009 CycIone AiIa 190 Nonday, October 10,
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D|sasters and 8ang|adesh
I|ood
1rop|ca| yc|one
torm rge
1ornado
k|ver 8ank Lros|on
Droght
Larthqake
Arsen|c
I|re
10
Year Year Disaster Disaster Death Death
130 yclone 130 yclone 300,000 300,000
1388 1388 Flood Flood 2,33 2,33
1388 1388 yclone yclone ,0 ,0
1383 1383 Drought Drought 800 800
1331 1331 yclone yclone 138,88 138,88
133 133 Tornado Tornado
133 133 yclone yclone 0 0
1338 Flood 1338 Flood 1,00 1,00
200 200 Flood Flood
200 Flood 1,01 200 Flood 1,01
200 yclone 3,0 200 yclone 3,0
(SDR) (SDR)
Major Disasters
Major Hazards
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Objectives of Disaster Manaqement Objectives of Disaster Manaqement
To prevent the loss of lives and help to ensurinq the security of
the people live in disaster prone areas.
To mitiqate the sufferinq of the victims.
Aware the people about the existinq risks hazards and develop
the public awareness to reduce the risks.
To help the people reduce the loss of wealth and economic
condition.
To strenqthen the rehabilitation and reconstruction for the
development.
To develop and reconstruction the social, economical &
environmental conditions at post -disaster period.
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SASTER
PROFE
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Flood
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yclone yclone
Proportion of coastal Proportion of coastal
sub sub--district affected by district affected by
severe cyclones severe cyclones
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Earthquake Earthquake
Risk Zone Risk Zone
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R'ER
EROSON
1
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rought rought
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Tsunami Tsunami
'ulnerability 'ulnerability
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Ministry of Food and isaster Management
isaster Management Bureau (MB)
irectorate of Relief and Rehabilitation (RR)
irectorate of Food
isaster Management ommittees at all
Administrative Unit levels
ocal isaster Action Plans
Ministry of efense
Armed Forces ivision
Bangladesh Meteorological epartment
Flood Forecasting and Warning enter.
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InstItutIonaI Arrangements
Ior DIsaster Management
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isaster Management nstitutions isaster Management nstitutions
in Bangladesh in Bangladesh
ational Disaster Management Council
(DMC)
Inter Ministerial
Disaster Management Coordination
Committee (IMDMCC)
ational Disaster
Management Advisory
Council (DMAC)
Ministry of Food and Disaster Management
Directorate of Relief
and Rehabilitation
Disaster Management
Bureau
District Disaster
Management Committee
Upazila Disaster Management Committee
City Corporation
Disaster Management
Committee
Municipal Disaster
Management Committee
Union Disaster Management Committee
Directorate of Food
Cyclone Preparedness
Programme
Implementation Board
Zone / Upazila
Union
Village
FPCG FPCG
GOCC GOCC
CSDDWS CSDDWS
DMTTF DMTTF
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Ninistry of Disaster Nanagement and Relief
Disaster Management Bureau
April 1999
W W The standing order The standing order
creates the creates the
opportunity to opportunity to
establish disaster establish disaster
management management
committee at every committee at every
level. level.
W W The standing orders The standing orders
for disaster for disaster
management provide management provide
ample scope for the ample scope for the
Government, NGOs Government, NGOs
and private sectors to and private sectors to
think locally and plan think locally and plan
need based program need based program
involving the involving the
community. community.
Standing Orders On Disaster Standing Orders On Disaster
Government of the People`s Republic of Bangladesh
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Advice the government on all matters relating to
disaster management.
Maintain liaison with different government
agencies, aid-giving agencies, NGOs and
Voluntary Organizations and ensure their
maximum cooperation and coordination in all
matters of disaster management.
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Responsibilities of Disaster Responsibilities of Disaster
Nanagement Bureau Nanagement Bureau
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2011
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Norma| 1|mes
Undertake various activities for creating awareness
among the people, government employees and
people of other professions for reducing risks
during disaster.
!repare guidelines for mitigation of disaster with
the assistance of !lanning Commission and other
agencies for devising steps to reduce disaster risk.
Arrange publication and distribution of Standing
Orders on Disasters, National Disaster
Management !lan and other related guidelines.
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AIert and arning stage AIert and arning stage
nsure receipt of warning signals of imminent nsure receipt of warning signals of imminent
disasters by all concerned officials, agencies and mass disasters by all concerned officials, agencies and mass
communication media. communication media.
Assist the Ministry of Food and Disaster Management Assist the Ministry of Food and Disaster Management
for undertaking emergency programmes in risk areas by for undertaking emergency programmes in risk areas by
different agencies and the people in the structured different agencies and the people in the structured
areas. areas.
Activate the mergency Operations Centre (OC) and Activate the mergency Operations Centre (OC) and
keep touch with other agencies for making their Action keep touch with other agencies for making their Action
!lan effective and also to activate the Control Room. !lan effective and also to activate the Control Room.
!ublish daily bulletins during disaster period for foreign !ublish daily bulletins during disaster period for foreign
embassies and UN Missions. embassies and UN Missions.
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Disaster Stage
Keep Emergency Operations Centre (EOC) open
on non-stop basis (24 hours).
Assist the Ministry of Food and Disaster
Management for formation of groups for primary
assessment of loss and damage.
Assist the Inter- Ministerial Disaster Management
Coordination Committee (IMDMCC) for ensuring
coordination among government, GOs and
different agencies for relief and rehabilitation
activities.
Monitor progress of rescue, relief and
rehabilitation operations, identify the problems
and needs and to draw the attention of the proper
authority.
2
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8ehablllLaLlon SLaae
Supply information/input to concerned authority for
the preparation of rehabilitation plan.
nsure adoption of steps for minimizing future
disaster risks in the rehabilitation plans.
Undertake posLmorLem of steps taken in the overall
management in the emergency response of disaster
and to prepare reports on the basis of
experience/knowledge acquired in this respect and
publish the same and to bring required changes
accordingly in the training programmes and future
policy.
2
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Imp|emented ro[ects
BGD/92/002: Support to Comprehensive Disaster Management
Finance : UNDP, UNICEF, DFID & GoB.
ImpIementation Period : February 1993 - June 2002
ImpIementing Agency : DMB
NPD : DG, DMB
THE PROJECT TITLE "PREPARATOR ASSISTANCE FOR
THE COMPREHENSIVE DISASTER MANAGEMENT
PROGRAMME" ALSO INITIATED UNDER THE FINANCIAL
PROVISION SCDM, NPD DG,DMB.
ATTER THE PROJET REESGN AN RENAME ATTER THE PROJET REESGN AN RENAME
AS AS OMPREHENS'E SASTER MANAGEMENT
PROGRAMME, WHH S NOW BENG WHH S NOW BENG
MPEMENTE UNER THE SUPER'SON OF MPEMENTE UNER THE SUPER'SON OF
MoFM. MoFM.
2
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Act|v|t|es performed
Conducted 547 SimuIation Exercise/Awareness
raising Training/Seminars/okshops/Briefing
Sessions / Orientations etc. on disaster
management. Participants were 35,000 persons.
Participants: PubIic representatives of different
cIasses incIuding honorabIe MPs/SchooI, CoIIege
and Madrasha teachers/ GO & NGO high
officiaIs/Media representatives/ Community Ieaders/
ReIigious Ieaders Iike Imams/Members of Ansar, VDP,
PoIice, Armed Forces Divisions, Boy Scouts, GirI
Guides, BNCC/Fishermen etc.
FormuIation of draft Disaster Management Act, PIan
and PoIicy.
Preparation and pubIication of Standing Orders on
Disaster (SOD) both in BengaIi & EngIish.0
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Act|v|t|es performed
Preparation of Local Disaster Action Plan
(LDAP) for 744 Unions, 74 Upazilas, 24
Districts, 24 Pourashavas and city corporation.
(Which are highly disaster prone).
Preparation of hazard map showing cyclone,
flood, drought, river-bank erosion, earthquake,
arsenic etc.
Publication of Training Manual on disaster
management and distribution among the
stakeholders and different Training Institutes.
Publication of quarterly ews Letter on disaster
related issues.
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TRAINING MANNUAL (1 TRAINING MANNUAL (1
ST ST
, 2 , 2
ND ND
and 3 and 3
rd rd
Part) Part)
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TRA!! A!DBOOK A!D TRA!ERS ED TRA!! A!DBOOK A!D TRA!ERS ED
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SEN!AR REPORT SEN!AR REPORT SEN!AR FOLDER SEN!AR FOLDER
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NTERNATONA OPERATON
Chair, SDMC (SARRC Disaster Management
Centre)
Focal !oint, HFA !rogress Monitoring and
Reporting
Development of relation among NGO's and NGOs
Development of close collaboration with Asian
Disaster !reparedness Centre (AD!C) of Thailand,
Asian Disaster Reduction Centre (ADRC) of Japan,
Federal mergency Management Agency(FMA)
of America, nstitute of Disaster Risk Management
(DRM) of !hilippines, mergency Management of
Australia (MA) etc.
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PRIORITIES FOR ACTION
Strengthening of Institutions, mechanisms and
capacities to buiId a cuIture of safety and resiIience
at aII IeveIs with designated responsibiIities.
LegisIation to support disaster management system
and disaster risk reduction.
DeveIopment of human resources and capacity of
DMB.
Identify, assess, monitor disaster risk, maps,
eIaboration and dissemination.
Ensure peopIe centered earIy warning.
DiaIogue, coordination and information exchange
between disaster managers and deveIopment
sectors.
3
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Review and exercise preparedness and
contingency pIans.
IncIusion of DRR into schooI curricuIum, formaI an
informaI education.
DRR strategies integrated with cIimate change
adaptation
SustainabIe eco-systems and environmentaI
management.
DRR part of deveIopment poIicies and pIanning,
sector-wise and muIti-sector.
Training and Iearning on DRR, community IeveI
IocaI authorities and targeted sectors.
Food security for resiIience.
Protection of criticaI pubIic faciIities. etc.
3
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