186

9Plus

8.3 - 4t>-5 9. 102r> 6

15. -; :5(-1 16 2 - c <-2

10. 3 - 5q :5(13 11. 12-6x<16 12. 3(8 - y):5( 9 13.2(5 -b»-8

17.5;b>5 18. 3

4 2d < 2
>2

19.4-;3k>_1 20. 6 ~ 5p

14. -~b

>6

Mixed problems on inequations

Exercise 7.18
Solve the following inequations and check your answers: 1. 3 + 5s > - 2 7. 6(2b + 7) :5(-6 2. 2q - 7 :5(-11 8 . 7 - 3r ,;;:1 4 ....2 9.3x-7>x+5 10. 2t + 3

3. 3; >-6
4. -4p >8 7 5. 5 - 4s >9 6. 3t.;- 7 < 2

< 5t

-6

12. 4y - 7

> 9y + 8

Solving simultaneous equations

Three methods will be discussed in this section.

Graphical method
When a pair of simultaneous equations are graphed together and have a point of intersection, the x andy value of that point will solve that pair of equations.

Example:

1. Solve graphically y = 2x - 1 y=x -3

WE ",OS, Q<P<.ffi
~= 2x- \ AND ~ ~"X.-~ A'l..f..S· ('5ItJ\ULTI'\N~"()

ON 1t\E. ... ~Mt..

Linear functions

187

Using the intercept method: y=2x-l Ynntercept X-intercept x=O y =0 y=2xo-i O=2x-l = -1 2x = 1 Y-intercept: (0, -1) x=iX-intercept: (i-, 0)
y

y=x-3 Ynntercept

x=O y=0-3

= -3 Y-intercept: (0, -3)

X-intercept y =0 O=x - 3

x=3
X-intercept: (3,0)

-3 -2 -1

li-\E. FbINT Of IN\~C\ION IS ThE. ~OLUTIONTO l\-\E..

PAIR Of SIMUL'TANEOJ::, EQUA.T'o.l~

CHECK: 2x.-\ "1x-2-\

-5

x-, =-s

= -'\-\ = -5 = -2-)

-6

2. Solve graphically 2x - y Using the intercept method: 2x-y=4 Yvintercept X-intercept

=4

y=-2x
y=-2x Yrintercept When x = 1

x=O 2xO-y=4 0-y=4 y=-4 Y-intercept: (0, -4)

y

y=O 2x-0=4 2x = 4 x=2

X-intercept: (2, 0)

x=O
y

= -2 x

Y
0 (1, -2)

= -2 x 1
= -2

=0 Y-intercept: (0, 0)
'5\1-<E·~

l\\C

I~I'T,W£.

:x.mo ~

IS

~flNO

AN<m\ER fblNT

-4

-3

,...2 -1

4 Point of intersection: (1, -2)

CI-\EC\<.:

'2.x -~ '" LX \--2

: 2.+2

~ = -1)( I

" -2.

188

9Plus

Exercise 7.16
Solve graphically: l.y=x+l y=2x-2
2. y =x - 3

6. y =x - 1 y = 2x 7. Y =x y=3x+6
8.

y=3x-3 3. x + Y x-y=4
=

x - y =6
y=-x

4. 2x + 2y =-2 x-y=3 5. 2x + Y = 4 x - 2y = 2

9. 3x + Y = 3 y=O 10.2x-y=1 y=3x-2

Substitution method
If one pronumeral is expressed in terms of the other in at least one of the two equations, then it is often easier to use the substitution method to solve the pair of simultaneous equations.

Examples:

1. If y

= 3x =

- 4 and x

= 4,

find y.

y=3x-4

=3x4-4
12 - 4 =8 y = 8 whenx

=4

2. U2x + 4y = 7 andy = -2, findx. 2x+4y = 7 2x + 4 x -2 7 2x - 8 7 2x 15 x = 125 x

= 7+

wheny

= -2.

7}

It>

, ':;J~STITUTIO"-\' 1"It.A~S
Rt?LN:.E ONE.1t\\NG

WIT"" SQIv\t..\r\\NG E\S£..

Bxercise 7.17
1. Ify 2. Ify

= 2x + 3 andx = -1, = 5 -x and x = -4,

findy. findy.

7. If x - 2y = -9 andx = 7, findy. 8. If2x + 2y

I

11 andx
"

= 5, findy.

3. Ify = 3x andx = 2, findy. 4. Ify = 4 - 2x andx = 3, findy. 5. If3x + y = 7 and x = 1, findy. 6. If2x - y
=

9. If 3x + y = 4 andy 11. If x - 2y = 6 and y 12. If3x - 4y

= 4, findx. = 0, fmd x.

10. If 2x +.g~ = -2 andy = -2, find x.

5 and x

= -3,

findy.

= -6

andy = -3, fmdx.

Linear functions

189

Examples:

1. Solve by substitution x + y = -2 y =x + 2 x + Y = -2 y=x+2 Substitute y in So

1 1

.
2

with

becomes, x

+ (x + 2) x +x + 2 2x + 2 2x
x
2

-2 -2 -2 -4 -2

Substitute for x in So
2

becomes, y = -2 -+- 2 y=O The solution is x = -2,y = 0 or (-2,0)

GIEC.K IN €.QUf'-'\ON

l..~S

= x.-tlj

'\

= - 2. -t 0
-::-L
e,

Rr\S

2. Solve by substitution 2x + 3y = -1 y=2x-3 2x + 3y = -1 y= So 2x-3 Substitute for y in 1 with 2 becomes, 2x + 3(2x - 3) 2x+6x-9 8x - 9 8x x Substitute for x in 2 So 2 becomes, y = 2 x 1 - 3 :. y = 2 - 3 :. y =-1 The solution is x = 1, Y = -1 or
1 1

-1
-1 -1 8

(1, -1)

CWe.c.\<..1NeD

'" \

TI-'E. LAS, S\..)~S \\\L>TlON

"Wf\""
IN (OOf>..\ION G;) 'SO \\-IE. Ct£.( K I-\U5\ &. IN \\-\E.. O\\"\£'R EQU"\\ON

LT\S. -:.LX-\- 31.j

,,1')(. \-\-3)(-\
:: 2..-~
-::

'" R\-\S.

190

9 Plus

Exercise 7.18
Solve by substitution:

1.x+y=2 y=2x-4 2. 3x + Y =-8 y=x+4 3. 2x + Y = 0 y=3x-5 4. 3x + 4y

= 11

6. x - y = 4 Y = 3x 7.x-y=-1 y=x+l 8. 4x - Y = 5 y=2x-l 9.3x-2y=7

y =x - 3 10. Y = 4x

Y = 2x

5. 2x + 5y = 9 y=-x

y=3x-l

Elimination method
Addition of like terms Example:
Complete

3x + 4y + 2x - 5y

3x + 4y + 2x - 5y 5x - y

Exercise 7.19
Copy and complete:

I\TlAC\4. lhE 5.

1.

2x

+ 6x
2.

+ 2x+ 6.
7.

6x - 2y y

9. 5x - 4y 3x - 4y
10. 3x

O?tRA.TION SIGN TO

ltlE. TE.RM'

£Ot:LO\t,l INGIT

-x

+ 6x
3. 3y + -4y x + 5y + 2x + 3y --~

4x + 3y + 3x - 5y -x + 2y 3x - Y x - 3y -2x + 2y

+y x -y

11. 2x - 3y .
---

-x + 3y

_,,,y-_... _1Pt-'I_

4.

8.

12.4x+2y -4x + 3y

SIGNS CI\N 6E.

lJ.,E. f\I)O\T\ON
LEHOUT
i!<c

Linear functions

191

The elimination method for solving simultaneous equations involves adding the equations to eliminate one of the pronumerals and then solving the resulting equation.

Example:

Solve

3x + y = 0 4x - y = 7

3x+y= 4x - Y 7x
\ SOL\}E

7
7

.............

Substitute for x in 1 3xl+y=0 \L-L_~_OW_t""T\~_Q_~.;._~_l :. 3 + Y = 0

?C-

fo~

The solution

y =-3 is x = I, Y = -3

or (I, -3)

\N

ALw,,~'5 Cl-\ECK iii£. Gn-IE.R

EG.UA'I\ON

1
:..:::

NoT\\-\E_
't.o.~\\ON US£.Q foR
~~"::.\\'I(J\\ON

CHEC.\<..: \~ L~S. ~"'\-x--<:):<\x\--3

e "\~~

= -,

'" R.\-\."S.

Exercise 7.20
Solve by elimination: 1. 4x - Y =-6 x +y = 1

6. -x+4y=-10 x - 2y = 6 7. 3x+y=-5 -3x + 4y = 25 - 2y 4x - 3y

2. 3x + Y = 4 2x - y =-4 3. x + Y = 7 x - Y =-3 4. 5.

8. -4x

= -2 = -23

x + 2y =-2 2x - 2y =-4
4x - 3y =-5 -2x + 3y = 7

9. 2x + 5y = -8 3x - 5y = -12 10. 3x + 7y = 2 -3x + 2y = 16

Examples:

I. Expand

4(2x - 3y = 7) 7)
4x7

4(2x - 3y 4 x 2x - 4 x 3y 8x - 12y

~LT\PL'( t,\JtRl PART of 11-11: mU/'.1I0N

28

198

9Plus

2. Multiply the equation

-3x + y = 4 by -3.

-3(-3x + Y
-3 x -3x + -3 x Y 9x - 3y

= =

= 4)

-3 x 4 -12

Bxercise 7.21
1. Expand: (a) 3(4x + 2y = -1) (b) 2(-3x+y=4) (c) 5(5x - 3y = -2) 2. Multiply the following equations by -1: (a) 2x + Y = 4 (b) x - 2y =-1 3. Multiply the following equations by 4: (a) 4x + 5y = 7 (b) 2x - 3y = 1 (d) -2(4x+3y=-I) (e) -4(x - 2y = 3) (f) -3(-2x + Y = -5) (c) 5x-3y=-2 (d) -2x + 2y = 5 (c) -3x + 4y =-2 (d) 6x - 5y = -4

In the elimination method, we eliminate the pronumeral with the opposite sign; that is, the pronumeral with a positive coefficient in one equation and a negative coefficient in the other equation. We must make sure that the coefficients of that pronumeral are equal in size but opposite in sign. That pronumeral will then be eliminated when the equations are added.

Example:

Solve using the elimination method 2x + Y = 9 x - 3y = 1 2x+y=9

1

x - 3y
Multiply equation 3(2x + Y = 9)

=1
1

by 3

\J~ CAN w._~c l\-\E

CO£.fflCIE.N15
3 2
~£.

\\-IE

..

6x + 3y

x-3y 7x

= 27 . ................... = 1 .................... =
28
4

e,'( I"\IJOW\..'{ING

ALL Of E.QUI\\\ON~~ 3

Now substitute 2 x 4+ Y 8 +y = .. Y=

for x in 9 9 1

The solution isx

= 4,

1 or (4,1)

CHECK·.\NQ)

\.}\S. = ):.. - ~I.j

:: '1-~)(.\ ~ 4--3 =I : RH.S.

Linear functions

193

Example:

Solve by elimination 3x + 4y -6x - 5y

3x + 4y = 2 -6x -5y =-7

1

=2

= -7

Multiply equation 1 by 2 2(3x + 4y 2)

6x + 8y
-_----'-

4 -3 -I

3
2

-6x-5y

__-7 3y Y

Substitute for y in 1 3x + 4 x -I = 2 3x-4= 2 x=2 The solution isx = 2, y = -lor

3x

=6

(2, -1)

Exercise 7.88
Solve by elimination: I. x-y=-1 3x + 2y = 12 2. x +Y = 2 4x - 3y = 15 6. 5x - 2y = -18 -3x + 6y = 30

7.3x-4y=19 5x + 2y =-3 8. -2x + Y 6x - 4y 9. 10.

3.2x-5y=-10 -x + 3y = 6 4. 4x + Y =-7 3x - 5y = 12 5. 4x + 2y -2x + Y

= =

-10 34

3x - 5y -4x + 15y

= =

-12 16

= =

16 -12

7x + 9y = 10 -4x - 3y = -10

194

9Plus

In some cases, we do not have a pronumeral with opposite signs. We must then multiply a whole equation by a negative number so that one pronumeral becomes opposite in sign.

Example: Solve

T\1t- ~"tIIE. ~IL.E BUT OW05I,E l IN ~\GN

Of
)C..

li1E. COEfflC.IE.NT')

'tNE WILL

t-I\f>..Kt..

3x + 2y = -3 6x + 5y =-3 3x + 2y 6x + 5y -3 -3 -3) 6 -3 3
1

................ ................
2

~L\\?\...

-2(3x + 2y -6x - 4y 6x+ 5y

Y

CD ~'( -

EQ.\J\'ION

.................. .................

3
2

Substitute for y in 3x + 2 X 3 3x + 6 3x x The solution is x =

-3 -3

-9
-3 -3, y
=

3 or (-3,3)

Ct-IEcl<. IN
LH~.

=b:x..*':>\.j

=bX-~+SX) ,,-II?.\- IS = -3
':. RHS.

Exercise 7.23
Solve by elimination: 1. x + Y =-4 3x + 4y = -17 2. 2x + Y =-3 4x + 3y =-7 3. 3x + 5y = 5 9x + 4y = 37 4. 4x + 5y = 7 8x + 3y =-7 5. -2x - 5y -4x - 3y

= 10 =6

6. -3x + 2y = -1 -9x+ 10y= 13

In the following example, we must multiply both equations to get a coefficient which has the same size but opposite in sign.

Examples:

1. Solve by elimination 2x - 3y
=

2x - 3y = 13 5x + 4y =-2
1 2

13

5x + 4y = -2

Linear functions

195

4(2x - 3y 3(5x + 4y

= =

13) -2)

3
4

If WE t'\JJL\IPLY C.Q\JF\\ION
A~\) 3, WE (_I\~ Y\F\KE TI-IE lj (OEtfle IE"-I'IS \\-IE 5F\ME51Q

0) IS'\' 'T

0\)'(

8x - 12y = 5_2 15x + 12y -6 23x

3
4

46
2

Substitute for x in 1 2 x 2 - 3y 13 4 - 3y 13 -3y 9 y -3 The solution is x = 2, y = -3 or (2, -3)

O-\CCK IN

ll-\S.

CD
S')L-I-41.j
~-?_

=--

=-Sx1.-\-'TX-~ -= IO-IL " \<...\-\_S WE. (OULD C't-\F\NGE TI-I~ x, CocH:ICIEI-.lT I,W M\J\__\I?L'( I~ c; (l)

2. Solve -4x + 3y -5x + 2y If Wc_ MLJlll\'L,( (1) ~'( 2 AND @ lSY -3 IW~ WILL MAKE
THE 'j COEffICIENT ThE 'SA.ME '51'Z.E: fur Off'OSITE IN ~IGN

= =

4 -2
4 .

\3'( S ANI)@B,( - t

-4x + 3y -5x + 2y 2(-4x -3(-5x

-2 4)

. .

2 3 4 3 4

+ 3y + 2y

-2)
8
-

..

-8x + 6y
---"-

15x __- 6y__6

7x

14
=

Substitute for x in 1 -4 x 2+ 3y = 4 -8 + 3y = 4 3y = 12 Y=4 The solution is x

=

2, y

4 or (2,4)

C\--\c.C.K IN (1) lH~ ~ -':lx.-I- 2y

=- -Sx'l-l-p·4 '; - 10 "'6 =-2

=-RI-I.S.

196

gPIU8

Exercise 7.24
Solve by elimination: l. -3x + 4y = -1 -4x + 3y = 1
2. 5x

5. 5x + 4y 3x + 7y
6. 2x 5y

= ==

3 11 6 9

2y = 5

4x - 3y 3.

27

3x - 4y
7. -6x

= = =

6x + 5y -4x + 3y

=
=

-7 11

5y

-5x + 2y 8. 5x + 6y
2x

=8 = -2
7

4. - 7x - 2y = -8 3x - 5y = 21

5y = 8

Written problems involving simultaneous equations

Example: The sum of two numbers is 42; their difference is 12. What are the numbers?
Let the two numbers be x and y. x +Y
2x

42
.............. 2

x - y = 12 x
= 54 = 27

Substitute for x in 27 + Y = 42 :. y = 15 The numbers are 15 and 27.

'R£~t-\~E~TO G\\JE..

AWRlm:.N. AN'S\.£.R
Q!...)£S,\\ON

To AWRI1\tN

Ci-II:.O<..: 2.1 -\ \ S -= "T?. 2.1-\<;=1'2..

Exercise 7.28
1. The sum of two numbers is 33 and their difference is 7. What are the numbers? 2. The sum of two numbers is 69, their difference is 41. Find the numbers. 3. If the sum of two numbers is 964 and their difference is 452, what are the numbers? 4. The sum of two numbers is 38; twice the larger less the smaller is 25. Find the numbers. 5. The difference between two numbers is 6. Twice the smaller plus the larger is 24. Find the numbers.

Linear functions

197

26

17

9. 6.
13

[]
6a - b

2a

+ 4b Find the values of v and w.

Find the values of a and b.

9

7.
25

10.
3r+ 45

2r- 55

Find the values of rand s. 8.

11.

Find the values of c and d.

20 Find the values of p and q. Find the values of k and h.

12. A girl buys a pen and a ruler for $1-48. Another girl buys three of the same pens and a ruler for $3·26. What is the cost of a pen? 13. A jar contains 57 coins, all SOc or 20c pieces. The total value of the coins is $15. How many of each type are there in the jar? 14. A roller coaster ride costs 60c for children and 80c for adults. If 122 tickets are sold in a single day with the total takings of $89·20 find the number of adult tickets and the number of children's tickets sold on tha t day. 15. Tickets for a school dance cost $1'20 for girls with a plate and $1'50 for boys. In all, 270 tickets were sold and the total collected was $358'50. How many girls and how many boys attended the dance?

Answers

477

ExerCise 7.4
I.g=9 2.p=5 12. m =-j1.b=-4 2.s=14 3.x=1 4.[=4 5.d=-1 6.h=7 7.m=-2 8.y=l%9.t=-Q1O.b=3 l1.r=O

Exercise 7.5
3.d=-1 4.x=1 4.y=3 5.p=3 5.t=5t 6.m=-5 6.n=-16 7.[=2 8.t=4 9.h=t 8.p=4f 10.r=-i9.r=-8t 10.h=-2t

Exercise 7.6
I.m=-1 2.k=2t 3.t=-6 II. n = - j- 12. t= 3 7.s=21t

Exercise 7.7
I.t=l3 2.h=-8 3.y=-5 4.r=1 5.p=2t 11.p=-fo12.s=t 13.y=-3t 14.t=-i6.[=2 7.s=-10 8.x=3t 9.c=0 10.h=H-

Exercise·7.B
I.p=7 2.h=-lt 3.r=4 II. c = j- 12. k = -2 4.[=2 5.m=-3 6.t=-22+ 7.s=1 8.t=6 9.b=-9 10.y=3

Exercise 7.9
1. (a) -9 (b) 8 (c) -13 (d) 5 (e) -1 (f)4 (g) 25 (h) 4 (i) -4 (j) -2 (k) 9 (1)21 2. (a) 2+ (b) It (c)lt (d) 2j- (eH- (f) i- 3. (a) 7 (b) -8 (c) 12 (d) 3t (e) -3 4. (a) 27, 28 (b) 40, 41, 42 (c) 64, 66 (d) 12 (e) 33, 35, 37 (f) 90 5. (a) 22 em by 12 em (b) 29 em (c) 23 em, 23 em, 38 em (d) Sally - 37, Peter - 32 (e) 63 (f) 11 years, 13 years, 17 years (g) 7 km, 21 km, 42 km

Exercise 7.10
1. (a) 9 (b) -1 (e) 7+ (d) 1 (e) 3 (f) 2 (g) It (b) 14 em by 23 em (h) 6 (i) 18 (j) 15 (k) -14
(1) 3t

(m)4+

2. (a) 7

Exercise 7.11
l.(a)b<-3 (b)x;;'5 (c)[>-4t (d)h<-18 (e)t<-8 (f)y.;;2+ (g)s;;.4·2 (h)r>-t 2.(a)[>2 (b)s';; 2 (c) t » -2 (d)m < 2 (e)n;;' -3 (f)q < -2 (g)r > Ll- (h)a;;. 7 (i) e « 2t (j)p < 0-4

Exercise 7.12
I. d < 40 2. r < -2+ 11. q < 0 12. s < -2 3. b ;;. 0 4. d « 12 5. t > -5 6. b < 15 7. a> -2 13. z ;;. -3+ 14. P > -2 15. n < 6 16. t';; 3t 4.t>2 5.p;;'-5 6.d<12 7.t.;;-2t 8. s ;;. -It 9. t < 14 10. x;;. -t

Exercise 7.13
1.a;;'-5 2.s<2 II. s < 2+ 12. x l.a<-2 Il.x>-j20. p.;;-2

> 1t

3.r';;+

8.h<19

9.y;;.7

10.r>5

Exercise 7.14
2.d;;'+ 3.t>-5 4.s.;;1 5.k>-10 6.p';;l 7.k>7 8.t<2 12.y;;'5 13.b.;;9 14.b<-4 15.t;;.4 16.c>8 17.b';;-5 9.r.;;2 10.q;;.-2 18.d>-2t 19.k<2

Exercise 7.15
I.s>-1 2.q';;-2 3.r>-10 II. z < Ii- 12. y .;; - 3 4.p<-14 5.s<-1 6.t<5 7.b<-4 8.r;;.lj9.x>6 10.t>3

Exercise 7.16
1. (3,4) 2. (0, -3) 3. (3, -1) 4. (I, -2) 5. (2, 0) 6. (-I, -2) 8.t 9.0 10.2 11.6 7. (-3, -3) 12.-6 8. (2, 3) 9. (1, -2) 9.8x-8y 8.(-2,5) 10.4x 9.(-4,0) 10. (-2, -7) 11.x 12.5y 8. (3, -3) 9. (I, 0) 10. (1,1)

Exercise 7.17
1.12.93.64.-25.46.-117.8

Exercise 7.1B
1. (2, 0) 2. (-3,1) 1.8x 2.5x 3.-y 2.(0,4) 3. (I, -2) 4.3x+8y 3.(2,5) 4. (1, 2) 5. (-3,3) 5.8x-y 4.(-2,0) 6.7x-2y 5.(1,3) 6. (-2, -6) 7.2x+y 6.(2,-2) 7. (3,4) 8.-x-y 7.(-3,4)

Exercise 7.19 Exercise 7.20

1.(-1,2) 10.(-4,2)

478

gPlu8

Exercise 7.21
(f) 6x - 3y = 15 2. (a) -2x - y = -4 (b) -x + 2y = 1 (c) -5x + 3y (b) 8x - 12y = 4 (c) -12x + 16y = -8 (d) 24x - 20y = -16

l.(a)I2x+6y=-3

(b)-6x+2y=8

(c)2S-15y=-10

(d)-8x-6y=2 (e)-4x+8y=-12 = 2 (d) 2x - 2y = -5 3. (a) 16x + 20y

28

Exercise 7.22
1. (2, 3) 2. (3, -1) 3. (0, 2) 4. (-1, -3) 3. (5, -2) 4. (-2,3) 5. (5, -2) 6. (-2,4) 6. (3,4) 6. (3, 0) 7. (2,4) 8. (-1, 2) 7. (1, -4) 8. (3, -4) 9. (-4, 0) 10. (4, -2)

Exercise 7.23
1. (1, -5) 1.(-1,-1) 2. (-1, -1) 2. (3, -5) 5. (0, -2) 5.(-1,2)

Exercise 7.24
3. (-2, 1) 4. (2, -3)

Exercise 7.25
1. 13, 20 2. 14,55 3.256,708 4. 17, 21 5.6, 12 6. a = 3, b = 5 7. r = 7, s = 1 8. P = 4, q = 4 9. v 10. c = 12, d = 15 11. h = 4, k = 20 12.89c 13. SOc- 12, 20e - 45 14. adults - 80, children - 42 15. girls - 155, boys - 115

= 4, w =

Worksheet 13
1. 12,5 2. -10, -6 12. -7, -2t 3. -1,4 4.0,8 5.6,5 6. -2, -8 7.16,2 8. -6, -18 9.2,1 10.15, -3 11. 9, It

Worksheet 14
1. 3, 9 2.4, -20 3. -6, -2, -16 4. -6, -5, -1 10.10,16,8 11. -2, -9, -3 12.27,32,4 5.18,15,5 6. -24, -21, -3 7.1, -2 8.3,4,2 9.3,0,0

Worksheet 15
1.b>-2 l1.w>5t 1. (a) -1+ 2.d.;;;8 3.x<-1 4.[>-14 5.c.;;;10 12.[;;,t 13.8<i14.p';;;-10·5 (b) -4 (c) 2} (d) 0 (e) 3 (f) 5i- (g) 6.h;;'0 7.m>I·8 8.y;;,l+ 9.t<-6 10.8.;;;-8

Test yourself 10 Test yourself 11

1.t;;,-t 2.p<1 3.8.;;;-2 4.r>4 5.h;;'-13

q~

(h) -4

(i) 20 Ul-4

2. (a) 3 (b) 8 em, 8 em, 13 em

6.m<-5t

7.a.;;;2t

8.p;;,-2

9.b<5

10.t>2t

Test yourself 12
1. (1, -1) 2. (a) (1,1) (b) (-4, -17) 3. (a) (-3, 2) (b) (0, 3) (c) (-2,1)

Chapter 8 Measurement
Exercise 8.1
1. 37·5 2.650 3. 11·45 4. 30 000 5. 8·105 6.0,8455 7. 59 600 8. 7660 9.0·21 10. 29·5 11. 1260 12. 3 13.60000, 1000, 16·6 14. 110000, 1833·3,30·5 15. (a) 20·83 (b) 31·25 m 16. (a) 12'5 (b) 17·7 (c) 22·2 (d) 31·1 17. No 18. (a) 160·934 (b) 40·234, 133·575 (e) 0·621 (d) 150 19. (a) UK, USA etc. (b) (i) 63, 5 feet 3 inches; (ii) 39,3701, 69, 5 feet 9 inches (c) 0·0254 (d) (i) 72,1·83; (ii) 6, 80, 0·0254, 2·03; (iii) 1, 85, 0'0254, 2-16.

Exercise 8.2
1. 119 mm 2. 10 em 3.9,8 em 4.11 em 5.64 em 6.12·6 m 7.43'788 em 8.84 mm 9.48 mm 10.36-421 m 11. 785·398 mm 12.5·027 m 13.24,504 em 14.22'777 em 15.530·301 m 16.25,133 mm 17.17·25cm 18.1·6m 19.18em 20.(a)5·llkm (b)12 21.1·73m 22.2·83m 23.23laps 24. (a) 40·212 m (b) 40·212 m 25.64 m

Exercise 8.3
1. (a) 11·467 m (b) 24·976 em (e) 3·770 m (d) 91·630 mm 2. (a) 43·704 em (b) 106·029 m (c) 54·850 mm (d) 78·207 m (e) 5·277 m (f) 47·124 cm 3. (a) .;A.:.._..' (b) 18·850 ern 4. (a) 300 (b) 52·360 em (c) 157·080 em 5.42·850 em