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    Earth Resistance Measurement

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    Abu-Bakar Siddiq
    The document discusses earth resistance meters and their use of the four-point and three-point methods to accurately measure low earth resistance. The four-point method uses separate current and potential leads, while the three-point method combines one lead to simplify testing. To operate the meter, the current leads are connected to the earth system under test and a potential probe is placed at 62% of the distance between the current probes to measure the voltage drop and calculate resistance.

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    Earth Resistance Measurement

    Uploaded by

    Abu-Bakar Siddiq
    37 views4 pages
    The document discusses earth resistance meters and their use of the four-point and three-point methods to accurately measure low earth resistance. The four-point method uses separate current and potential leads, while the three-point method combines one lead to simplify testing. To operate the meter, the current leads are connected to the earth system under test and a potential probe is placed at 62% of the distance between the current probes to measure the voltage drop and calculate resistance.

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    The document discusses earth resistance meters and their use of the four-point and three-point methods to accurately measure low earth resistance. The four-point method uses separate current and potential leads, while the three-point method combines one lead to simplify testing. To operate the meter, the current leads are connected to the earth system under test and a potential probe is placed at 62% of the distance between the current probes to measure the voltage drop and calculate resistance.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    37 views4 pages

    Earth Resistance Measurement

    Uploaded by

    Abu-Bakar Siddiq
    The document discusses earth resistance meters and their use of the four-point and three-point methods to accurately measure low earth resistance. The four-point method uses separate current and potential leads, while the three-point method combines one lead to simplify testing. To operate the meter, the current leads are connected to the earth system under test and a potential probe is placed at 62% of the distance between the current probes to measure the voltage drop and calculate resistance.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    EARTH RESISTANCE METER

    Basic Principle: Four point method


    Ohm-meter can not be used in measuring earth resistance as resistance of earth is very small and meter lead resistance will effect the results. Four point method is used for earth resistance measurement . Two current leads, C1 and C2, comprise a two-wire current source that circulates current through the resistance under test. Two potential leads, P1 and P2, provide a two-wire voltage measurement circuit that measures the voltage drop across the resistance under test. The instrument computes the value of resistance from the measured values of current and voltage. V R= I

    EARTH RESISTANCE METER


    Four Point Measurement Diagram
    C1 Resistance being measured P1 Current source instrument Voltmeter Reading Out in Ohms P2 A

    C2

    EARTH RESISTANCE METER


    Three Point Method
    The three-point method, a variation of the four-point method, is usually used when making ground (earth) resistance measurements. With the three-point method, the C1 and P1 terminals are tied together at the instrument and connected with a short lead to the ground system being tested. This simplifies the test in that only three leads are required instead of four. Because this common lead is kept short, when compared to the length of the C2 and P2 leads, its effect is negligible.

    EARTH RESISTANCE METER


    Instrument setup & operation
    Test electrode
    1) 2) C1/P1 P2

    C2
    3) 4) 5)

    Digital Display Ground test instrument

    Connect ( C1/P1 ) terminal Probe to ground system being tested. Connect ( C2 ) Probe at distance say 20 feet from ground system being tested. Connect ( P2 ) terminal probe at 62% of distance of C2 . Current flows from instrument to C1 , through test electrode , through earth to C2 . Potential is measured b/w P1 & P2 .

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