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Physics Formulas and Symbols: Physics I Symbol Formula

This document contains physics formulas and symbols organized into the following categories: 1. Kinematics equations including displacement, velocity, acceleration, free fall, and projectile motion. 2. Dynamics equations including force, Newton's laws, weight, friction, and motion on an incline. 3. Momentum, impulse, and conservation of momentum equations for explosions and collisions. 4. Work, energy, and conservation of energy equations including kinetic energy, potential energy, and total energy.

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kaparthy
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
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27K views

Physics Formulas and Symbols: Physics I Symbol Formula

This document contains physics formulas and symbols organized into the following categories: 1. Kinematics equations including displacement, velocity, acceleration, free fall, and projectile motion. 2. Dynamics equations including force, Newton's laws, weight, friction, and motion on an incline. 3. Momentum, impulse, and conservation of momentum equations for explosions and collisions. 4. Work, energy, and conservation of energy equations including kinetic energy, potential energy, and total energy.

Uploaded by

kaparthy
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Physics Formulas

and
Symbols

Physics I

Quantity Symbol Formula


% Error % Error = ( |A-M| ) x 100 /A
% Uncertainty = (Uncertainty x
% Uncertainty
100) / Measurement
Distance (Linear
∆x ∆x = xf - xo
displacement)
Elapsed Time ∆t ∆t = t2 - t1
V = ∆d / ∆t
Instantaneous Speed V
(with t approaching zero seconds)
Vavg = (total distance traveled)/(total
Average Speed Vavg elapsed time)
Acceleration a a = ∆V/∆t = (V2 - V1) / (t2 - t1)
Final Speed V2 V2 = V1 + a∆t
Original Speed V1 V1 = V2 - a∆t
Elapsed Time ∆t ∆t = (V2 - V1) / a
Kinematic
====> (Uniform Acceleration)
Equations:
Final Velocity V2 V2 = V1 + a∆t
Displacement ∆x ∆x = V1∆t + 0.5(a∆t2)
Final Velocity V2 V22 = V12 + 2a∆x
Displacement ∆x ∆x = 0.5(V2 + V1)∆t
Elapsed Time ∆t ∆t = (V2 -V1) / a
Free Fall from V1 = 0.0 m/s g = -9.8 m/s2
Rest
Final Velocity V2 V2 = g∆t
Displacement ∆x ∆x = 0.5(g∆t2)
Final Velocity V2 V22 = 2g∆x
Displacement ∆x ∆x = 0.5(V2 )∆t
Elapsed Time ∆t ∆t = (V2) / g
Elapsed Time ∆t ∆t = Sq. root of (2∆x/g)

Dynamics Equations
Force (Newton's
F = Force F = ma
2nd Law)
Friction Ff Ff = µFn
Newton's Third
. FAB = -FBA
Law
Weight Fg = Fw Fg = Fw = mg
Normal Force Fn Fn = FwCos θ
Coefficient of
µ µ= Ff / Fn
Friction

Atwood
Machine
Net Force Fnet Fnet = (M1- M2)g = ∆Mg
Acceleration a a = (Fnet ) / (M1+ M2)
Net Force Fnet Fnet = (M1+ M2)a
Mass 1 M1 .

Mass 2 M2 .

Total Mass Mtot Mtot = M1+ M2


Mass Difference ∆M ∆M = M1- M2

Force and Acceleration


on an incline
Angle of Incline θ θ = Sin-1(Opp/adj)
Acceleration
a a = gsin θ
(net)
Accelerating
Fa Fa = Fw (Sin θ)
Force
Normal Force FN FN = Fw (Cos θ)
Vertical
ay ay = gsinθsinθ
Acceleration
Horizontal
ax ax = gsinθcosθ
Acceleration

Projectile
Motion
x = horizontal, (Acceleration is in the vertical
(No Air Resistance!)
y = vertical direction only!)
ax = 0.0 m/s2, ay = 9.8 Down vectors are Subscript "o" means time is 0.0
m/s2 negative in Value! seconds
Formulas require ay to be positive
Up vectors are positive 9.8 m/s2. (The negative value has
in value! already been entered into the
formulas for acceleration!)
Horizontal Motion
x2 = x1 + Vx1t Vx2 = Vx1 ax = 0.0 m/s2
Vertical Motion
y2 = y1 + Vy1t - 0.5gt2 Vy2 = Vy1 - gt V2y2 = V2y1 - 2g∆y

Projectile Terms and


Units:
Final Horizontal Position
x2 (meters)
∆x = x2 - x1 = Vx1t
Initial Horizontal Position
x1 (meters)
x1 = x2 - Vx1t
Initial Horizontal Velocity
Vx1 (m/s)
Vx1 = (x2 - x1) / t = Vx2

Final Horizontal Velocity


Vx2 (m/s)
Vx2 = Vx1 = (x2- x1) / t
Horizontal Acceleration
ax (m/s2)
ax = 0.0 m/s2
Final Vertical Position
y2 (m)
∆y = y2 - y1= Vy1t - 0.5ayt2
Initial Vertical Position
y1 (m)
y1 = y2 - Vy1t + 0.5ayt2
Initial Vertical Velocity
Vy1 (m/s)
Vy1 = Vy2 + ayt

Final Vertical Velocity


Vy2 Vy2 = Vy1 - ayt
(m/s)
Change in Vertical
∆y Position (m)
∆y = (y2 - y1)

Earth's Gravitational
ay Acceleration (m/s2)
ay = g = -9.8 m/s2
t Time of "flight" (s) t = (Vy2 - Vy1) / ay
Projectile
at angle θ from the horizontal
Launched
Angle of Launch from
θ θ = tan -1 (Vy1 / Vx1)
the horizontal (degrees)
Resultant Launch
V1 V21 = V2y1 + V2x1
Velocity
Horizontal Launch
Vx2 Vx2 = V1 . Cos θ
Velocity (Component)
Vertical Launch
Vy1 Vy1 = V1 . Sin θ
Velocity (Component)
Maximum Horizontal
R (if, y2 = y1) Distance traveled R = (V21 Sin 2θ) / g
(or Range) in meters
Momentum (Linear) Units: P = kg.m/s J = N.s
P Momentum P = mV
J Impulse J = F.t
∆P Change in Momentum ∆(mV) = m(Vf - Vo)
Impulse = Change in
J = ∆P F.t = ∆(mV)
Momentum
Ptot = ΣmnVn Total Initial Momentum m1V1 + m2V2 + m3V3 + .....
P'tot =ΣmnV'n Total Final Momentum m1V'1 + m2V'2 + m3V'3 + .....
Conservation of m1V1 + m2V2 + m3V3 + ..... = m1V'1 + m2V'2
Ptot =P'tot
Momentum + m3V'3 + .....
Explosions and
Type: Momentum Formulas
Collisions:
Elastic Collision m1V1 + m2V2 = m1V'1 + m2V'2
Inelastic Collision m1V1 + m2V2 = (m1 + m2)V'f
Explosion 0 = m1V'1 + m2V'2 + m3V'3 + .....
Work and (Linear Mechanical
Energy System)

Work W W = F.d Cos θ


Gravitational Potential
Ep Ep = Fw(h) = mgh
Energy
Kinetic Energy Ek Ek = (0.5)mv2
Work W W = ∆Ek + ∆Ep
W = ∆Ek + ∆Ep = (0.5mv2 + mgh)f -
Work W
(0.5mv2 + mgh)i
Total Energy (system) ΣE ΣE = Ek + Ep + heat
Initial Total Energy = (Σ
Conservation of Energy (ΣE)i = (ΣE)f
E)i
or (Ek + Ep + heat)i = (Ek + Ep +
Conservation of Energy Final Total Energy = (ΣE)f
heat)f

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