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    Non-Polar Solvents: Solvent B.P

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    Jeff Therrien
    The document lists various solvents and their properties including their chemical formula, boiling point, dielectric constant, density, and dipole moment. The solvents are grouped into non-polar solvents which have low or no dipole moments, polar aprotic solvents which are polar but do not participate in hydrogen bonding, and polar protic solvents which are polar and can participate in hydrogen bonding such as alcohols and water. Key properties that determine a solvent's polarity and ability to dissolve different types of compounds are listed.

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    Non-Polar Solvents: Solvent B.P

    Uploaded by

    Jeff Therrien
    180 views3 pages
    The document lists various solvents and their properties including their chemical formula, boiling point, dielectric constant, density, and dipole moment. The solvents are grouped into non-polar solvents which have low or no dipole moments, polar aprotic solvents which are polar but do not participate in hydrogen bonding, and polar protic solvents which are polar and can participate in hydrogen bonding such as alcohols and water. Key properties that determine a solvent's polarity and ability to dissolve different types of compounds are listed.

    Original Title

    Solvents

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    The document lists various solvents and their properties including their chemical formula, boiling point, dielectric constant, density, and dipole moment. The solvents are grouped into non-polar solvents which have low or no dipole moments, polar aprotic solvents which are polar but do not participate in hydrogen bonding, and polar protic solvents which are polar and can participate in hydrogen bonding such as alcohols and water. Key properties that determine a solvent's polarity and ability to dissolve different types of compounds are listed.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    180 views3 pages

    Non-Polar Solvents: Solvent B.P

    Uploaded by

    Jeff Therrien
    The document lists various solvents and their properties including their chemical formula, boiling point, dielectric constant, density, and dipole moment. The solvents are grouped into non-polar solvents which have low or no dipole moments, polar aprotic solvents which are polar but do not participate in hydrogen bonding, and polar protic solvents which are polar and can participate in hydrogen bonding such as alcohols and water. Key properties that determine a solvent's polarity and ability to dissolve different types of compounds are listed.

    Copyright:

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    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Solvent

    Chemical formula

    B.P.

    Dielectric
    constant

    Density

    Dipole moment

    NON-POLAR SOLVENTS
    Pentane

    CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3

    36 C

    1.84

    0.626 g/ml

    0.00 D

    Cyclopentane

    C5H10

    40 C

    1.97

    0.751 g/ml

    0.00 D

    Hexane

    CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3

    69 C

    1.88

    0.655 g/ml

    0.00 D

    Cyclohexane

    C6H12

    81 C

    2.02

    0.779 g/ml

    0.00 D

    Benzene

    C6H6

    80 C

    2.3

    0.879 g/ml

    0.00 D

    Toluene

    C6H5-CH3

    111 C

    2.38

    0.867 g/ml

    0.36 D

    1,4-Dioxane

    /-CH2-CH2-O-CH2-CH2-O-\

    101 C

    2.3

    1.033 g/ml

    0.45 D

    Chloroform

    CHCl3

    61 C

    4.81

    1.498 g/ml

    1.04 D

    Diethyl ether

    CH3CH2-O-CH2-CH3

    35 C

    4.3

    0.713 g/ml

    1.15 D

    POLAR APROTIC SOLVENTS


    Dichloromethane (DCM)

    CH2Cl2

    40 C

    9.1

    1.3266 g/ml

    1.60 D

    Tetrahydrofuran (THF)

    /-CH2-CH2-O-CH2-CH2-\

    66 C

    7.5

    0.886 g/ml

    1.75 D

    Ethyl acetate

    CH3-C(=O)-O-CH2-CH3

    77 C

    6.02

    0.894 g/ml

    1.78 D

    Acetone

    CH3-C(=O)-CH3

    56 C

    21

    0.786 g/ml

    2.88 D

    Dimethylformamide (DMF)

    H-C(=O)N(CH3)2

    153 C

    38

    0.944 g/ml

    3.82 D

    Acetonitrile (MeCN)

    CH3-CN

    82 C

    37.5

    0.786 g/ml

    3.92 D

    Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)

    CH3-S(=O)-CH3

    189 C

    46.7

    1.092 g/ml

    3.96 D

    POLAR PROTIC SOLVENTS


    Formic acid

    H-C(=O)OH

    101 C

    58

    1.21 g/ml

    1.41 D

    n-Butanol

    CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH

    118 C

    18

    0.810 g/ml

    1.63 D

    Isopropanol (IPA)

    CH3-CH(-OH)-CH3

    82 C

    18

    0.785 g/ml

    1.66 D

    n-Propanol

    CH3-CH2-CH2-OH

    97 C

    20

    0.803 g/ml

    1.68 D

    Ethanol

    CH3-CH2-OH

    79 C

    24.55

    0.789 g/ml

    1.69 D

    Methanol

    CH3-OH

    65 C

    33

    0.791 g/ml

    1.70 D

    Acetic acid

    CH3-C(=O)OH

    118 C

    6.2

    1.049 g/ml

    1.74 D

    Water

    H-O-H

    100 C

    80

    1.000 g/ml

    1.85 D

    SOLVENT

    SPECIFIC GRAVITY

    SOLVENT

    SPECIFIC GRAVITY

    Pentane

    0.626

    2-Ethoxyethyl ether

    0.909

    Petroleum ether

    0.656

    N,N-Dimethylacetamide

    0.937

    Hexane

    0.659

    Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether

    0.943

    Heptane

    0.684

    N,N-Dimethylformamide

    0.944

    Diethyl amine

    0.707

    2-Methoxyethanol

    0.965

    Diethyl ether

    0.713

    Pyridine

    0.982

    Triethyl amine

    0.728

    Propanoic acid

    0.993

    Tert-butyl methyl ether

    0.741

    Water

    1.000

    Cyclohexane

    0.779

    2-Methoxyethyl acetate

    1.009

    Tert-butyl alcohol

    0.781

    Benzonitrile

    1.01

    Isopropanol

    0.785

    1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone

    1.028

    Acetonitrile

    0.786

    Hexamethylphosphoramide

    1.03

    Ethanol

    0.789

    1,4-Dioxane

    1.033

    Acetone

    0.790

    Acetic acid

    1.049

    Methanol

    0.791

    Acetic anhydride

    1.08

    Methyl isobutyl ketone

    0.798

    Dimethyl sulfoxide

    1.092

    Isobutyl alcohol

    0.802

    Chlorobenzene

    1.1066

    1-Propanol

    0.803

    Deuterium oxide

    1.107

    Methyl ethyl ketone

    0.805

    Ethylene glycol

    1.115

    2-Butanol

    0.808

    Diethylene glycol

    1.118

    Isoamyl alcohol

    0.809

    Propylene carbonate

    1.21

    1-Butanol

    0.810

    Formic acid

    1.22

    Diethyl ketone

    0.814

    1,2-Dichloroethane

    1.245

    1-Octanol

    0.826

    Glycerin

    1.261

    p-Xylene

    0.861

    Carbon disulfide

    1.263

    m-Xylene

    0.864

    1,2-Dichlorobenzene

    1.306

    Toluene

    0.867

    Methylene chloride

    1.326

    Dimethoxyethane

    0.868

    Nitromethane

    1.382

    Benzene

    0.879

    2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol

    1.393

    Butyl acetate

    0.882

    Chloroform

    1.498

    1-Chlorobutane

    0.886

    1,1,2-Trichlorotrifluoroethane

    1.575

    Tetrahydrofuran

    0.889

    Carbon tetrachloride

    1.594

    Ethyl acetate

    0.895

    Tetrachloroethylene

    1.623

    o-Xylene

    0.897

    Hexamethylphosphorus triamide

    0.898

    Solvent

    Chemical formula

    D Dispersion

    P Polar

    H Hydrogen
    bonding

    NON-POLAR SOLVENTS
    Hexane

    CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3

    14.9

    0.0

    0.0

    Benzene

    C6H6

    18.4

    0.0

    2.0

    Toluene

    C6H5-CH3

    18.0

    1.4

    2.0

    Diethyl ether

    CH3CH2-O-CH2-CH3

    14.5

    2.9

    4.6

    Chloroform

    CHCl3

    17.8

    3.1

    5.7

    1,4-Dioxane

    /-CH2-CH2-O-CH2-CH2-O-\

    17.5

    1.8

    9.0

    POLAR APROTIC SOLVENTS


    Ethyl acetate

    CH3-C(=O)-O-CH2-CH3

    15.8

    5.3

    7.2

    Tetrahydrofuran (THF)

    /-CH2-CH2-O-CH2-CH2-\

    16.8

    5.7

    8.0

    Dichloromethane

    CH2Cl2

    17.0

    7.3

    7.1

    Acetone

    CH3-C(=O)-CH3

    15.5

    10.4

    7.0

    Acetonitrile (MeCN)

    CH3-CN

    15.3

    18.0

    6.1

    Dimethylformamide (DMF)

    H-C(=O)N(CH3)2

    17.4

    13.7

    11.3

    Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)

    CH3-S(=O)-CH3

    18.4

    16.4

    10.2

    POLAR PROTIC SOLVENTS


    Acetic acid

    CH3-C(=O)OH

    14.5

    8.0

    13.5

    n-Butanol

    CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH

    16.0

    5.7

    15.8

    Isopropanol

    CH3-CH(-OH)-CH3

    15.8

    6.1

    16.4

    n-Propanol

    CH3-CH2-CH2-OH

    16.0

    6.8

    17.4

    Ethanol

    CH3-CH2-OH

    15.8

    8.8

    19.4

    Methanol

    CH3-OH

    14.7

    12.3

    22.3

    Formic acid

    H-C(=O)OH

    14.6

    10.0

    14.0

    Water

    H-O-H

    15.5

    16.0

    42.3

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