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    Information Systems: Why Do People Need Information?

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    shaziaaliabid
    This document discusses information systems and how they process data into useful information. It defines key terms like data, information, and systems. It explains that data on its own is just facts, while information provides meaning and context. Information systems take in data as input, process it, and produce information as output. They discuss how humans and computers work together synergistically in information systems. The document also covers why studying information systems is important for careers and participation in society, as well as some ethical issues around privacy, free speech, and inequality concerning information technology.

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    Information Systems: Why Do People Need Information?

    Uploaded by

    shaziaaliabid
    16 views15 pages
    This document discusses information systems and how they process data into useful information. It defines key terms like data, information, and systems. It explains that data on its own is just facts, while information provides meaning and context. Information systems take in data as input, process it, and produce information as output. They discuss how humans and computers work together synergistically in information systems. The document also covers why studying information systems is important for careers and participation in society, as well as some ethical issues around privacy, free speech, and inequality concerning information technology.

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    This document discusses information systems and how they process data into useful information. It defines key terms like data, information, and systems. It explains that data on its own is just facts, while information provides meaning and context. Information systems take in data as input, process it, and produce information as output. They discuss how humans and computers work together synergistically in information systems. The document also covers why studying information systems is important for careers and participation in society, as well as some ethical issues around privacy, free speech, and inequality concerning information technology.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    16 views15 pages

    Information Systems: Why Do People Need Information?

    Uploaded by

    shaziaaliabid
    This document discusses information systems and how they process data into useful information. It defines key terms like data, information, and systems. It explains that data on its own is just facts, while information provides meaning and context. Information systems take in data as input, process it, and produce information as output. They discuss how humans and computers work together synergistically in information systems. The document also covers why studying information systems is important for careers and participation in society, as well as some ethical issues around privacy, free speech, and inequality concerning information technology.

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    You are on page 1of 15

    Information Systems

    Why Do People Need Information?


    Individuals - Entertainment and enlightenment Businesses - Decision making, problem solving and

    control

    Data, Information, and Systems


    Data vs. Information
    Data A given, or fact; a number, a statement, or a picture Represents something in the real world The raw materials in the production of information Information Data that have meaning within a context Data in relationships Data after manipulation

    Data, Information, and Systems


    Data Manipulation
    Example: customer survey Reading through data collected from a customer survey with questions in various categories would be time-consuming and not very helpful. When manipulated, the surveys may provide useful information.

    Data, Information, and Systems


    Generating Information
    Computer-based ISs take data as raw material,

    process it, and produce information as output.

    Figure 1.1 Input-process-output


    4

    Data, Information, and Systems


    Information in Context

    Figure 1.2 Characteristics of useful information

    Data, Information, and Systems


    What Is a System?
    System: A set of components that work together to

    achieve a common goal


    Subsystem: One part of a system where the

    products of more than one system are combined to reach an ultimate goal
    Closed system: Stand-alone system that has no

    contact with other systems


    Open system: System that interfaces with other

    systems
    6

    Data, Information, and Systems

    Figure 1.3 Several subsystems make up this corporate accounting system.


    7

    Data, Information, and Systems


    Information and Managers
    Systems thinking Creates a framework for problem solving and decision making. Keeps managers focused on overall goals and operations of business.

    Data, Information,and Systems

    Figure 1.5 Qualities of humans and computers that contribute to synergy


    9

    Data, Information, and Systems


    The Benefits of Human-Computer Synergy
    Synergy When combined resources produce output that exceeds the sum of the outputs of the same resources employed separately Allows human thought to be translated into efficient

    processing of large amounts of data

    10

    Figure 1.6 Components of an information system 11

    Data, Information, and Systems


    The Four Stages of Data Processing
    Input: Data is collected and entered into computer. Data processing: Data is manipulated into

    information using mathematical, statistical, and other tools.


    Output: Information is displayed or presented. Storage: Data and information are maintained for

    later use.
    12

    Why Study IS?


    Information Systems Careers
    Systems analyst, specialist in enterprise resource planning (ERP),

    database administrator, telecommunications specialist, consulting, etc.

    Knowledge Workers
    Managers and non-managers

    Employers seek computer-literate professionals who know how to

    use information technology.

    Computer Literacy Replacing Traditional Literacy


    Key to full participation in western society

    13

    Ethical and Societal Issues


    The Not-So-Bright Side
    Consumer Privacy Organizations collect (and sometimes sell) huge amounts of data on individuals. Employee Privacy IT supports remote monitoring of employees, violating privacy and creating stress.

    14

    Ethical and Societal Issues


    The Not-So-Bright Side

    Freedom of Speech
    IT increases opportunities for pornography, hate speech, intellectual

    property crime, an d other intrusions; prevention may abridge free speech.

    IT Professionalism
    No mandatory or enforced code of ethics for IT professionals--unlike

    other professions.

    Social Inequality
    Less than 20% of the worlds population have ever used a PC; less

    than 3% have Internet access.

    15

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