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Shunt Compensators

The document discusses shunt compensators and midpoint voltage regulation on transmission lines. Specifically, it discusses: 1) The objectives of shunt compensation are to change the natural characteristics of the line to make it compatible with load demand by using shunt reactors to minimize overvoltage under light loads and shunt capacitors to maintain voltage under heavy loads. 2) Midpoint shunt compensation significantly increases power transfer by supplying reactive power demand at the midpoint where voltage sag is maximum and the line is divided into two equal segments. 3) Multiple compensators can further reduce voltage variations but the system becomes too complex and expensive.

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AR-T
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3K views

Shunt Compensators

The document discusses shunt compensators and midpoint voltage regulation on transmission lines. Specifically, it discusses: 1) The objectives of shunt compensation are to change the natural characteristics of the line to make it compatible with load demand by using shunt reactors to minimize overvoltage under light loads and shunt capacitors to maintain voltage under heavy loads. 2) Midpoint shunt compensation significantly increases power transfer by supplying reactive power demand at the midpoint where voltage sag is maximum and the line is divided into two equal segments. 3) Multiple compensators can further reduce voltage variations but the system becomes too complex and expensive.

Uploaded by

AR-T
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Shunt compensators

Presented by

T.S.L.V.Ayyarao
Assistant Professor GMRIT

FACTS

Objective of Shunt Compensation


The objective of shunt compensation is to change the natural characteristics of the line and make it more compatible with load demand. Shunt connected reactors minimize the overvoltage under light load conditions. Shunt connected capacitors maintain voltage levels underge under heavy load conditions. The ultimate objective of shunt compensation is to increase the power transfer of the line.

FACTS

Mid point voltage regulation


Consider a simple two bus transmission line as shown in fig Ideal VAR compensator is shunt connected at mid point

Fig.1 Two bus power system with VAR Compensator

The compensator is represented with a sinusoidal AC Source with fundamental frequency. Here Vs = Vm = Vr. The compensator divides the line into two segments.
FACTS 3

Mid point voltage regulation


The segment includes line of X/2 impedance and carries power from sending end to mid point. The second segment includes line of X/2 impedance and carries power from mid point to receiving end. The Phasor diagram is as below

Fig.2 Phasor diagram of the line

FACTS

Mid point voltage regulation


For lossless system, active power is same at each terminal. From phasor diagram, Vsm = Vmr = V cos(/4) Ism = Imr = I = 4V/X*sin(/4) The transmitted power is P = VsmIsm = VIcos(/4) P = 2V2/X *sin(/2) Similarly Reactive power is Q = 4V2/X*(1-cos(/2))

FACTS

Mid point voltage regulation


The relation between P , Q and is shown below

Fig.3 Variation of P,Q with


FACTS 6

Mid point voltage regulation


Mid point compensation significantly increase the power transfer by supplying reactive power demand. Mid point location is the best location of the compensator because 1. voltage sag is maximum at mid point. 2. compensator breaks the line into two equal parts. This concept can be expanded to use of multiple compensators. Increase in no. of segments rapidly decrease the voltage variation of the line.

FACTS

Mid point voltage regulation


.

Fig.4 Two bus system with multiple compensators


FACTS 8

Mid point voltage regulation


But the system too complex and too expensive.

FACTS

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