Seal of Bushing
Seal of Bushing
The typical bus duct application requires a low voltage, high current bushing. These bushings are relatively short in length with large diameter conductors. Because of this unique geometry, most of the heat generated inside of the bushing is conducted directly to the bushings terminals. One set of terminals is immersed in the bus duct environment and is connected to the bus. The other set of terminals is immersed in the transformer oil environment and is connected to the transformer cables. The air temperature inside the bus duct rises because it has to dissipate the heat from the bus to the bus duct or to the air circulating/cooling system. This bus duct air temperature is, usually, far in excess of the 40C maxi-
mum temperature, which is specified in the IEEE bushing standard as the normal ambient temperature. In addition, the maximum bus temperature according to the ANSI/IEEE C37.23 standard can be as much as 105C.
Standard condenser bushings are designed to operate properly in the standard temperature conditions, which are specified in IEEE C57.19.00, Paragraph 4.1. These are summarized below.
Bushing Hot Spot Temp t = 65C T = 105C Average Transformer Oil Temp = 95C
FIGURE 1
Under these defined standard conditions and with the bushing carrying rated current, the bushings hottest spot temperature rise is permitted to be 65C. A condenser bushing with the standard insulation system and standard gasket/sealing system will operate
properly, at rated current, when: 1) the ambient air temperature does not exceed 40C; 2) the temperature of the external line connection does not exceed 70C and 3) the transformer top oil temperature averages 95C over any 24 hour period. Proper operation means that the
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hottest spot temperature rise of the bushing does not exceed 65C at rated current. Stated in another way, the standard operating conditions are: Maximum ambient temperature 40C. Maximum bushing hottest spot temperature 105C. See Figure 1 for a graphic demonstrating these standard conditions. Top oil temperature of 95C based on 55C rise and 40C maximum ambient. External terminal/bus temperature of 70C based on 30C rise over 40C maximum ambient
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IEEE/ANSI Standard C57.19.00 Standard Thermal Conditions for Condenser Bushings Ambient air temperature Transformer oil temp. rise External bus/connector temp. rise Bushing hottest spot temp. rise 40C, maximum 55C maximum 30C, maximum 65C, maximum
>> 40C 55C > 30C (65C per C37.23) >> 65C
vs
Terminal Temperature t = 65C max T = 105 (ANSI C37.23) Terminal Temperature t = 30C max T = 70 C (ANSI C57.19)
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R ECOMMENDATIONS
Because of the considerations outlined in this document, ABBs recommendation is to use the ABB High Temperature Type T bushing for all bus duct applications. These bushings have been specifically designed for application in a high temperature environment; in these bushings, Nomex insulation is used instead of cellulose paper for the condenser insulation and Viton rubber gaskets are used for all sealing. These special materials are rated for application at temperatures of 200C. The incorporation of these special high temperature materials into the High Temperature Type T bushing allow these bushings to operate properly in the bus duct environment without de-rating. These bushings are designed to operate at rated current in an enclosed bus duct where the enclosure air temperature can be as high as 90C and the temperature of the bus connected to the bushing is 105C with the transformer oil temperature at 95C averaged over any 24 hour period. ABB has created a standard series of high temperature bushing designs, which cover the current range of 4,500 amperes through 12,000 amperes at 25 kV and 7500 amperes at 34.5kV. In this standard series, bushings are available for vertical or horizontal mounting with a 28.5-inch creep distance and a 21-inch or 11-inch CT space. High temperature bushings are also available for currents greater than 12,000 amperes (ask your ABB representative for details). Some customers have been applying standard condenser bushings in bus ducts. These bushings are either aging faster than is normal and/or they are being operated at loads well below the name plate rating and/or the bus duct has sufficient cooling means to keep the bus temperatures well below the 105 C limit. Because of the very special nature of high-current, bus duct applications, ABB advises caution when applying a standard bushing in bus duct.
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Renewal Parts
Comments
If renewal parts are required, order them through the nearest ABB Power T&D Company Inc. representative. Please provide the item description and the identification numbers (model, style, and catalog) from the units nameplate.
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The information, recommendations, description, and safety notations in this document are based on our experience and judgement. THIS INFORMATION SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED TO BE ALLINCLUSIVE OR COVERING ALL CONTINGENCIES. If further information is required, ABB Power T&D Company Inc. should be consulted.
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