Alloy Digest

Copyright ASM International 2002

AISI 1015
DIGEST d DATA ON WORLD WIDE METALS AND ALLOYS
AISI 1015
(Carburizing and General-Purpose Steel)

Filing Code: Carbon Steel AUGUST Pdlisbed by

CS-48

1972

Engineering AlloysDigest,Inc. Upper Maneclair,New Jem

AISI 1015 is a low-carbon steel usedin the annealed,cold-worked, hot-rolled or normalized condition for generalpurposeconstruction and engineering.It is also usedfor case-hardened components. It combinesgood machinability, good workability and good weldability.
Composition: Physical Constants: (Approx.) (Annealed 17OOoFI

O-13-0.18 Carbon 0.30-0.60 Manganese Phosphorus 0.040 max 0.050 max Sulfur Optional* Silicon Remainder Iron When silicon is required it may be specified at 0.10% max, or in the ranges0.10-0.20%,0.15-0.30%, 0.20-0.40%,or 0.30-0.60%

0.283 Density, lb/cu in. 7.82 Specific gravity 0.116 Specific heat, Btu/lb/oF 122-2120F 0.124 302-3920F 0.143 662-7520F 30.0 Thermal conductivity, Btu/sq ft/ft/hr/oF (At 320F) (At 2120F) 29.5 28.3 (At 3920F) 6.8 x 10-6 Thermal coef. expansion/OF32-2 120F 7.5 x 10-6 32-7520F 7.9 x 10-6 32-l 112oF 15.9 Electrical resistivity, microhm-cm (At 320F) 21.9 (At 2120F) 29.2 (At 3920F) 29-30 106 x Modulus of elasticity, psi
PROPERTIES

Table 1 - TYPICAL ROOM-TEMPERATURE

UNHARDENED

PROPERTIES - l-in. Dia Bar Normalized ( 1700oF, Air Cooled) 62000 47000 37 70 121 85

Property Tensile strength, psi Yield point, psi Elongation (2 in.), % Reduction of area, % Brine11hardness (3000 kg) Izod impact, ft-lb FC = Furnace Cooled.

As Hot Rolled

Annealed (1600oF, FC to 134OoF, AC 56000 41000 37 70 111 83

61000 46000 39 61 126 82 AC = Air Cooled.

Table 2 - AS-WATER-QUENCHED

ROCKWELL B HARDNESS 2-in. Round 98 84 82 4-in. Round 97 80 78 PROPERTIES Izod Impact ft-lb 85 85 86 83

l/2-in. Round Surface l/2 Radius Center RC 36 RC 23 RC 22

1-in. Round 99 91 90

Table 3 - EFFECT OF MASS ON ROOM-TEMPERATURE

MECHANICAL (Sinale heat results, grain size 6-8) Elongation (2 in.) % Reduction of Area %

Diameter in. -

Tensile Strength - psi

Yield Point - psi

Brine11 Hardness 126 121 116 116

Normalized (17OOoF, air cooled) 112 63000 48000 39 71 1 62000 47000 37 70 2 60000 44000 38 69 4 59000 42000 36 68 Mock-Carburized 16750F 8 hours; Reheated 14250F; Water Quenched, Tempered 350oF* 112 106000 60000 15 33 1 76000 44000 30 69 2 71000 41000 32 70 4 67000 39000 30 70 *Core properties. Typical case hardness is Rockwell C 62.

217 156 131 121

50

85 94 96

Alloy Digest
Heat Treatment:

Copyright ASM International 2002

Critical Temperatures: Ael = 1325oF Ac1 = 1370oF Ae3 = 1540oF Ac = 1565oF Full Anneal: Heat to 16d O-1725oF, furnace cool. Process Anneal (after cold work): 1100-I 225oF. Normalize: Heat to 1675-l 725oF, air cool. Harden (material not carburized): Heat to 1600.1650oF, quench in water. temper to desired hardness. Harden (carburized material): Heat to 1425 to 1575oF, quench in water, temper 325-3750F. Case Harden: Gas carburize at 1600-l 7000F. Pack carburize at 1625.17000F. Carbonitride (gas) at 1375.1575oF. Cyanide (liquid carbonitriding) at 1400.1600oF. Liquid carburize at 1575-l 7500F.
Machinability:

AISI 1015 steel will rust when brought into contact with moisture and air at room temperature. If salts are present, the corrosion rate may be increased. The steel is attacked readily by acids, but is reasonably resistant to alkalis at ordinary temperatures. Small additions of copper increase its atmospheric corrosion resistance.
Specification Equivalents:

SAE 1015. QQ-W46lb, Federal : QQ-S-633, QQ-W-409, QQ-S-00640. Military: MIL-T-3520, MILMIL-S-13852(0rd), S-16794 (NAVY). ASTM: A107, A108, A273. AMS 5060B.
General Characteristics:

AISI 1015 steel has a machinability rating of 60% of AK1 B-l 112 steel. The chips are continuous and semi-hard. This steel can be machined readily in the or quenched cold-drawn annealed, normalized, -and-tempered conditions. It acquires a good surface finish in the quenched-and-tempered condition. However, in the annealed condition and to some extent if normalized, there is a tendency for tearing which gives a poor surface finish. For turning AISI 1015 steel at 100 to 150 BrinelI hardness with high speed steels M2 and T5 and single-point or box tools, use speed of 125 sfpm for roughing cuts of 0.150 in. with feed of 0.015 ipr; and use speed of 165 sfpm for finishing cuts of 0.025 in. with feed of 0.007 ipr. With brazed carbide tools of Grades C-6 and C-7 and single point or box tools, use speed of 420 sfpm for roughing cuts of 0.150 in. with feed of O.OlSipr; and use speed of 500 sfpm for finishing cuts of 0.025 in. with feed of 0.007 ipr.
Workability:

AISl 1015 can be hot rolled or hot forged in the range 1800.23000F. Its hot-working properties are so good that it is forged into a wide variety of products and shapes. It cannot be cold worked extensively without intermediate annealing. A sub-critical (process) anneal is sufficient except when severe cold work has to be followed by further cold work, then a full anneal may be desirable.
Weldability:

AISI 1015 is a low-carbon steel with a wide range of engineering and machinery applications. It has a low hardenability and can be hardened fully by water quenching only in very thin sections. Only partial hardening can be achieved in heavier sections but the increase in strength is substantial. Cold working produces sizeable increases in hardness and strength. Small additions of copper will improve the resistance of 1015 to atmospheric corrosion. Its good machinability, good workability both hot and cold, and good weldability contribute greatly to its extensive uses, despite its moderate strength and unimpressive low-temperature properties of good toughness down only to 0 or -5OoF, depending on heat treatment and deoxidation practice. AISI 1015 is used extensively in the case-hardened condition developed by carburizing, carbonitriding or cyaniding. It also is used widely as the backing for clad products made by using it as the core in castings, as backing on which to weld the cladding material, and as the base for metal powders to be bonded by fusion. It has good castability and is used for many commercial castings.
Forms Available:

Forgings, plate, bar, rods, structural shapes, pipe, tubing, billets, sheet, strip, wire and castings.
Applications:

AISI 1015 can be welded easily by all the commercial welding procedures including gas, arc, bronze, resistance, thermit, oxyacetylene and submerged-melt welding; the resulting welds are of extremely high quality. Inert gas shielded-arc welding may be used if scale formation is troublesome.
Scale Removal:

Plate applications, building sections, trusses, pins, bolts, rods, machinery components, spun-and-welded pressure vessels, contour-roll-formed parts, cold-extruded parts, case-hardened parts, chain and sprocket assemblies, blanking dies, explosive forming tools, press-brake forming tools, spinning tools, die-formed cams, permanent mold castings, small and large cores for castings of aluminum, magnesium and zinc, trimming dies, and gates in investment castings.
Manufacturer:

Practically all carbon steel mills and foundries.

Acid pickling or blasting can be used successfully. Pickling is commonly performed in a dilute solution of sulphuric acid at 150.2000F in the presence of an effective inhibitor to minimize the attack on the base metal. Pickling is followed by thorough rinsing with water.