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    Two Dimensional Arrays: General Form of An 2D Array Is Datatype Array - Name (Row - Size) (Column - Size)

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    alizarana
    Two dimensional arrays allow data to be stored and accessed in a matrix format. They are declared with two sets of brackets specifying the number of rows and columns, such as int array[4][3]. Elements are stored continuously in memory from left to right, top to bottom. Common operations on 2D arrays include initializing them, reading and printing their contents, performing arithmetic operations like addition on multiple arrays, and checking properties like whether a matrix is symmetric.

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    Two Dimensional Arrays: General Form of An 2D Array Is Datatype Array - Name (Row - Size) (Column - Size)

    Uploaded by

    alizarana
    73 views20 pages
    Two dimensional arrays allow data to be stored and accessed in a matrix format. They are declared with two sets of brackets specifying the number of rows and columns, such as int array[4][3]. Elements are stored continuously in memory from left to right, top to bottom. Common operations on 2D arrays include initializing them, reading and printing their contents, performing arithmetic operations like addition on multiple arrays, and checking properties like whether a matrix is symmetric.

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    C programming

    Original Title

    2d arrays

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    Two dimensional arrays allow data to be stored and accessed in a matrix format. They are declared with two sets of brackets specifying the number of rows and columns, such as int array[4][3]. Elements are stored continuously in memory from left to right, top to bottom. Common operations on 2D arrays include initializing them, reading and printing their contents, performing arithmetic operations like addition on multiple arrays, and checking properties like whether a matrix is symmetric.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    73 views20 pages

    Two Dimensional Arrays: General Form of An 2D Array Is Datatype Array - Name (Row - Size) (Column - Size)

    Uploaded by

    alizarana
    Two dimensional arrays allow data to be stored and accessed in a matrix format. They are declared with two sets of brackets specifying the number of rows and columns, such as int array[4][3]. Elements are stored continuously in memory from left to right, top to bottom. Common operations on 2D arrays include initializing them, reading and printing their contents, performing arithmetic operations like addition on multiple arrays, and checking properties like whether a matrix is symmetric.

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    TWO DIMENSIONAL ARRAYS

    There are 3 types of arrays:1. 1 D Array


    2. 2 D Array
    3. Multi Dimensional Array

    Maximum limit of Arrays is compiler dependent.


    If we want to represent an array in a matrix form we will be using 2 D
    Arrays.
    General form of an 2D array is
    Datatype

    Ex:

    int

    array_ name[row_size][column_size];

    i[4][3];

    An array i is declared which contains 12 integer values in 4 rows and 3


    columns.
    Initializing a 2D array in program:
    int

    i[4][3] = { { 1,2,3 } , { 4,5,6 } , { 7,8,9 } , { 10,11,12 } };

    c1

    c2

    c3

    r1

    r2

    r3

    r4

    10

    11

    12

    4X3

    MEMORY OF 2 D ARRAY:
    In memory it is not possible to store elements in form of rows and
    columns. Whether it is a 1 D (or) 2 D Array, the elements are stored in
    continuous memory locations. The arrangement of elements of a 2 D is
    shown below:
    int a[4][3] = = { { 10,20,30 } , { 4,8,9 } , { 23,41,32 } , { 15,18,24 } };
    a[0][0] a[0][1] a[0][2]

    a[1][0]

    a[1][1] a[1][2]

    ..a[3][2]
    10
    20
    30
    4
    1000 1002 1004

    8
    9
    1006

    23
    41
    1008

    1022
    // WAP to read a 2-D Array and print it.
    Void main()
    {
    int a[10][10] , i , j , m , n ;
    Clrscr();

    32
    15
    .

    18

    24

    Printf enter the order of matrix \n );


    Scanf( %d%d , &m, &n);
    Printf \n enter the elements of array: \n );
    for(i=0;i<m;i++)

    //

    for rows.

    //

    for columns.

    //

    for rows.

    //

    for columns.

    {
    for (j=0;j<n;j++)
    {
    Scanf(%d, &a[i][j]);
    }
    }
    for(i=0;i<m;i++)
    {
    for (j=0;j<n;j++)
    {
    printf(%d, a[i][j]);
    }
    Print( \n );
    }
    }

    //write a program for ADDITION OF 2 MATRICES


    # include <stdio.h>
    # include <conio.h>
    void main()
    {
    int a[10][10],b[10][10],c[10][10];
    int i,j;
    int r1,r2,c1,c2;
    clrscr();
    printf("Enter the size of the first matrix ( rows and coloums)\n");
    scanf("%d%d",&r1,&c1);
    printf("Enter the size of the seond matrix (rows and coloums)\n");
    scanf("%d%d",&r2,&c2);
    printf("Enter the elements in matrix one");
    for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
    {
    for(j=0;j<c1;j++)
    {
    scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
    } }

    printf("Enter the elements in matrix two");


    for(i=0;i<r2;i++)
    {
    for(j=0;j<c2;j++)
    {
    scanf("%d",&b[i][j]);
    } }
    for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
    {
    for(j=0;j<c1;j++)
    {
    c[i][j]=a[i][j]+b[i][j];
    }
    }
    printf("The sum of the two matrices is \n");
    for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
    {
    for(j=0;j<c2;j++)
    {
    printf(" %d",c[i][j]);

    }
    printf("\n");
    }
    getch();
    }

    // program for MULTIPLICAION OF 2 MATRICES


    #include<stdio.h>
    #include<conio.h>
    void main()
    {
    int a[10][10],b[10][10],c[10][10],r1,c1,r2,c2,i,j,k;
    clrscr();
    printf("Enter the number of rows and columns in 1st matrix\n");
    scanf("%d%d",&r1,&c1);
    printf("Enter the number of rows and columns in 2nd matrix\n");
    scanf("%d%d",&r2,&c2);

    if(c1 == r2)
    {

    printf("Enter the elements of the matrix of a\n");


    for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
    {
    for(j=0;j<c1;j++)
    {
    scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
    }
    }
    printf("Enter the elements of the matrix of b\n");
    for(i=0;i<r2;i++)
    {
    for(j=0;j<c2;j++)
    {
    scanf("%d",&b[i][j]);
    }
    }
    for(i=0;i<r1;i++)

    {
    for(j=0;j<c2;j++)
    {
    c[i][j]=0;
    for(k=0;k<c2;k++)
    {
    c[i][j] =c[i][j] + (a[i][k] * b[k][j]);
    }
    }
    }
    printf("\nProduct of the two matrices is\n");
    for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
    {
    for(j=0;j<c2;j++)
    {
    printf(" %d",c[i][j]);
    }
    printf("\n");
    }
    }

    else
    printf("Matrix multiplication not possible");
    getch();
    }

    // program to find transpose of given matrix and print the identity


    matrix of order m x n
    #include<stdio.h>
    #include<conio.h>
    void main()
    {
    int a[10][10],b[10][10],c[10][10],r1,c1,r2,c2,i,j,k;
    clrscr();
    printf("Enter the number of rows and columns\n");
    scanf("%d%d",&r1,&c1);
    printf("Enter the %d elements\n",r1*c1);
    for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
    {
    for(j=0;j<c1;j++)
    {

    scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
    }
    }

    for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
    {
    for(j=0;j<c1;j++)
    {
    b[j][i] = a[i][j];
    }
    }
    printf("Transpose of given matrix is\n");
    for(i=0;i<c1;i++)
    {
    for(j=0;j<r1;j++)
    {
    printf("%d ",b[i][j]);
    }
    printf("\n");
    }

    if(r1 == c1)
    {
    for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
    {
    for(j=0;j<c1;j++)
    {
    if(i==j)
    a[i][j] = 1;
    else
    a[i][j] = 0;
    }
    }

    printf("Identity matrix of given order is\n");


    for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
    {
    for(j=0;j<c1;j++)
    {
    printf("%d ",a[i][j]);

    }
    printf("\n");
    }
    }
    else
    printf("\nIdentity matrix should be square matrix");
    getch();
    }

    // program to check the EQUALITY OF 2 MATRICES


    void main()
    {
    int a[10][10],b[10][10];
    int sum,i,j,k,r1,r2,c1,c2,temp;
    clrscr();
    printf("enter rows and columns matrix-1\n");
    scanf("%d %d",&r1,&c1);
    printf("enter rows and columns matrix-2\n");
    scanf("%d %d",&r2,&c2);
    if(r1==r2&&c1==c2)

    {
    printf("enter elements of the matrix-1\n");
    for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
    {
    for(j=0;j<c1;j++)
    {
    scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
    printf("\n");
    }
    }

    printf("enter elements of the matrix-2\n");


    for(i=0;i<r2;i++)
    {
    for(j=0;j<c2;j++)
    {
    scanf("%d",&b[i][j]);
    printf("\n");
    }
    }

    /*printing matrix-1*/
    printf("matrix-1\n\n");
    for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
    {
    for(j=0;j<c1;j++)
    {
    printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);

    }
    printf("\n\n\n");
    }
    /* printing matrix-2*/
    printf("matrix-2\n\n");
    for(i=0;i<r2;i++)
    {
    for(j=0;j<c2;j++)
    {
    printf("%d\t",b[i][j]);

    printf("\n\n\n");
    }
    /* checking equality */
    for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
    {
    for(j=0;j<c2;j++)
    {
    if(a[i][j]!=b[i][j])
    {
    temp=1;
    break;
    }
    }
    }
    }

    else
    printf("cannot be compared");

    if(temp==1)

    printf("matrices are not equal");


    else
    printf("matrices are equal");
    getch();
    }

    // program to check whether the given matrix is SYMMETRIC


    MATRIX or not
    void main()
    {
    int a[10][10],b[10][10];
    int sum,i,j,k,m,n,temp;
    clrscr();
    printf("enter size of square matrix\n");
    scanf("%d %d",&m,&n);
    if(m==n)
    {
    printf("enter elements of the matrix\n");
    for(i=0;i<m;i++)
    {

    for(j=0;j<n;j++)
    {
    scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
    printf("\n");
    }
    }
    printf("the input matrix is\n\n\n\n");
    for(i=0;i<m;i++)
    {
    for(j=0;j<n;j++)
    {
    printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);

    }
    printf("\n\n\n\n\n\n");
    }

    for(i=0;i<m;i++)
    {
    for(j=0;j<n;j++)

    {
    b[i][j]=a[j][i];

    }
    }

    printf("transpose of a matrix is\n\n\n\n\n");


    for(i=0;i<m;i++)
    {
    for(j=0;j<n;j++)
    {
    printf("%d\t",b[i][j]);

    }
    printf("\n\n\n\n\n\n");
    }
    for(i=0;i<m;i++)
    {
    for(j=0;j<n;j++)
    {

    if(a[i][j]!=b[i][j])
    {
    temp=0;
    //printf("matrix is symmetric");
    }
    }
    }
    if(temp==0)

    printf("matrix is not symmetric");


    else
    printf("matrix is symmetric");
    }
    else
    printf("symmetric matrix shud be a square matrix");
    getch();
    }

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