11.

Integrals of Bessel Functions

YUDELLL. LUKE

Contents
Page

. .
. .
. .
. .
. .

480
480
482
483
485
488
4aa
490
492

Table 11.2 Integrals of Bessd Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . .

494

Mathematical Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11.1. Simple Istegrals of Bessel Functions . . . .
11.2. Repeated Integrals of J,,(z) and &(z) - . . .
11.3. Reduction Formulaa for Indefinite Integrals
11.4. Definite Integrals . . . . . . . . . . . .
Numerical Methoda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11.5. Use and Extension of the Tables . . . . .
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 11.1 Integrals of Bessel Functions . . . . . .

. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .

. . . . .

. . .
. . .
. . .
. . .
. . .
. . . . .
. . . . .
. . . . .

. .
. .
. .

The author acknowledges the assistance of Geraldine Coombs, Betty Kahn, Marilyn
Kemp, Betty Ruhlman, and Anna Lee Samuels for checking formulas and developing
numerical examples, only a portion of which could be accommodated here.

Midwest Research Institute. (Prepared under contract with the National Bureau
of Standards.)

479

11. Integrals of Bessel Functions

Mathematical Properties
11.1. Simple Integrals of Beesel Functions

11.1.8
F 0 ( t ) d t =;cz,(z)

p,(t)dt

+z1

fl{
-LO(z)Z1(z)

+Ll(Z)Z"(d1

.Z,(z)=AI, (2)+Be'**K,(z),v=0'1
11.1.1

A and B are constants.

E&) and L,(z) are Struve functions (see

chapter 12).
11.1.9

(Wb+v+l)>O)
y

(Euler's constant)=.57721 56649 . . .

11.1.3

So'J,.(t)dl=S'J.(t)dt-2
0

%
k=O Jzs+l(z)

In this and all other integrals of 11.1, z is real

and positive although all the results remain valid
for extended portions of the complex plane unless
stated to the contrary.

11.1.4

So'J2m+1(t)dt=1-J0(z)-2

5 J&)

11.1.10

Recurrence Relations

k=1

l-f=
s':
f
&(t)dt=i

11.1.11

Jo(t)dt+i

Y,(t)dt

481

INTEGRALS OF BE8SEL FUNCMONB

11.1.14 2'e-z~Z0(t)dt-(2r)-*

2a$-*

11.1.18

k-0

d8s.O' ~ o ( tdt) =

where the at are defined as in 11.1.12.

11.1.15 dezl"Ko(t)dt-(g) r t

OD

0
1
2
3
4
5
6

Polynomial Approximatione

81x1..

"

11.1.19
1

.00100 89872
.OOO63 66169
.OOO39 92825
.Ooo27 55037
.OOO12 70039
.00002 68482

2
3
4
5
6
7

11.1.17

.00178 70944
.OOO67 40148
.OOO41 00676
.Ooo25 43955
.OOO11 07299
.00002 26238

For #(z), see 6.3.

11.1.20

8 9 5 -

a9e-'JZ lo(t) dt=$ -0 dt(x/8)-t+c(x)

0

I 11.1.21

le(z)l52XlO-'
k

0
1
2
3
4
5
6

dr
,39894
.03117
.00591
.00559
--.01148
.01774
-. 00739

23
34
91
56
58
40
95

Approximation 11.1.16 is from A. J. M. Hitchcock.

Polynomial approximations to Bessel functions of order
zero and one and to related functions, Math. Tables Aids
Comp. 11, 86-88 (1957) (with permission).
2

(-)*et (x/7)-t+ t (z)

le(~)l
52x10-7

(-)'aF'

where the at are defined m in 11.1.12.

k-0

k-0

11.1.16

71x5..

I 11.1.22

11.1.23

ek

1.25331
0.11190
.02576
.00933
.00417
.00163
.00033

414
289
646
994
454
271
934

INTEQRALS OF BESSEL FUNCTION13

482

Aeymptotic Expamiom

11.1.30

45x5

Ic(z)I 56X lo-'

where

0
1
2
3
4
5
6

11.1.25
11.1.31

1.25331
0.50913
.32191
.26214
.20601
.11103
.02724

41
39
84
46
26
96
00

5 5 2 5 Q)

where
13
co=l, c1=8

11.1.27

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

where c k is defined as in ll.l.!Z?.

Polynomial Approximations

11.1.29

55x5

fk

0.39893
. 13320
-. 04938
1.47800
-8.65560
28.12214
-48.05241
40.39473
-11.90943
-3.51950
2.19454

14
55
43
44
13
78
15
40
95
09
64

Repeated Intqgrals of J,(z)

bk

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

1. 0
0. 15999 2815
. 10161 9385
. 13081 1585
.20740 4022
.28330 0508
.27902 9488
. 17891 5710
.06622 8328
.01070 2234

1. 0

0.81998 6629

11.2.3

10702 2336

483

INTEGRALS OF BESSEL FUNCTIONS

11.2.5

Recurrence Relatiom

11.2.6

mim

11.2.10

(9?220,

11.2.11

w>o,

wz>o, r=O)

11.3.7 g.,,(z)=-

2v+l

Ki,(z) =-

(WZ20, Wr>O)
11.2.12
U

11.2.13 KL+,(O)-

ij r(r+3)

-r (3) (r+ 1)

11.2.14
rKir+l(z)= -zKir(z) + (T- l)Kir-l(z) +ZKi,-a(z)
11.3. Reduction Formulas for Indefinite
Integrals
Let
11.3.1

i
+ 2 - ~ v -1)- r
11.3.11

g,,,.(z)=f e-PtrZ,(t)dt

where Z&) represents any of the Bessel functions

of the first three kinds or the modified Beasel
functions. The parameters a and b appearing in
the reduction formulae are associated with the
particular type of Bessel function as delineated
in the following table.

11.3.12

484

INTEQRALS OF BESSEL FUNCTIONS

11.3.13
11.3.26

s, t-l,+l(t)dt=z-l,(z)-2,r

(v+l)

11.3.27

s,t.~.-,(t)dt=--z.~,(2)+2-1r(~)
11.3.28

(gV>o)

1-

t -.K,+,(t)dt =2- .K.(Z)

I n d a t e Integrab of Productcl of h

l FUIME~~OM

Let Wp(z) and 9,(z) denote any two cylinder

functions of orders p and v respectively.
11.3.29

11.3.33

11.3.35
11.3.24

s,t.Y,-,(t)dt=z.Y,

(z)+-2r(v)
U

(L@v>O)

2 Ji(Z)

k-n+l

*seepage XI.

INTEGRALS OF BESSEL FUNCTIONS

485

2. There must exist numbers kl and

not zero) so that for all n

11.4.4

klAnV*i (La)-B%(AaU)

(both

=O

In connection with these formulae, see 11.3.29.

If a=O, the above is,valid provided B=O. This
case is covered by the following result.
11.4.5

So'tJ,(%t)J,(%t)dt==O

(mZn, u>-1)

=3[J;(41'
(m=n, b=O,
)

>

(m=n, b ZO, 2 - 1)
Y

. . . are the positive zeros of

ccJ,(z)+bz..Z(z)=O, where a and b are red constants.
( ~ 1 ,a,

11.4.6

m>o,

11.3.41

*>-I)

Definite Inregrab Over a Finite Range

11.4. Definite Integrals

Orthogonality Pmpertiea of1-

Let %(z) be a cylinder function of order u.

In particular, let

11.4.7

Functions

11.4.8

J2=(2Z sin t)dt=2

R s,(z)

Lr
l'

J0(22sin t) cos 2ntdt=~J:(z)

11.4.1

%(z) -AJ,(z)

+BP,(z)

where A and B are real constants. Then

11.4.2

11.4.9

Y0(2zsin t) cos 2ntdt=i Jn(z)Y,(z)

11.4.10

11.4.11

provided the following two conditions hold:

1. A,,isarealzeroof
11.4.3

h,AV*,(Ab)-hl%(hb)

=o

f J,(z sin*t)J,(z cos4 t) c8c 2tdt

486

INTEGRALS OF BESSEL FUNCTIONS

Infinite Integrals

11.4.23

I n y r a b of the Form

11.4.12

=0 (@'> 1)

where T,,(w) is the Chebyshev polynomial of the

first kind (see chapter 22).
(gP<;t

a(r+v)>o)

11.4.25

11.4.13
$-;t-1e-"'Jn

pCI<;t

W(r+v)>O)

11.4.14

11.4.17

(-i)"(l-~Z)+u~~~(@)(~*<l)

=0(wZ>1)

where UJw) is the Chebyshev polynomial of the

second kind (see chapter 22).
11.4.26

11.4.15

SO0

--2in

(t)dt

sin bt K,(t)dt=

arc sinh b
(l+b')+

J,(t)dt=l

(I 41<)

(Bv>-1)

wbere r(a,z) is the incomplete gamma function

(see chapter 6).

11.4.18

Integra& of the Form

11.4.28
11.4.19

L=

c."WZ,[&)dt

(B(CI+v)>O,

ga'>O)

where the notation M(a, b, z) stands for the confluent hypergeometric function (see chapter 13).
11.4.21

JmYo(t)dt=O

11.4.29

11.4622
(Wu>-l,

@a*>O)

487
11.4.30

11.4.31

e-""Y,,(bt)dt=--

+: K,

d e
2u

(5)

sec m]

h
v-l

[I.(2)
tan
(19ul<r1

11.4.31

11.4.32

(Wu>-

1,9a*>O)

som

J,(at) sin bt dt=

:]

sin [ p arc sin

(a2-b2)+

Weber-Schafheitlin Type Integrals

11.4.33

b'r (u-p)

(O,<b<a)

488

INTEGRALS OF BESSEL FUNCTIONS

Hankel-Nicholson Tope Integrda

11.4.44

(a>o,

11.4.47

Bz>O,-l<BY<29P+;)

11.4.45

OD

J,(at)dt =-

t(t*+ZZ)

(a>O, BZ>O,

!r

[I,(az)-L,(az)]
22.+1
(a>o, B2>0,

.%>-ij5,

9?v>-1)

11.449

11.4.46

Numerical Methods
11.5. Use and Extension of the Tables

For moderate values of 2, use 11.1.2 and 11.1.711.1.10 as appropriate. For z suf6ciently large,
use the asymptotic expansions or the polynomial
approximations 11.1.11-11.1.18.
Example 1.

Compute

lM
Jo(t)dt
to 5D.

Using 11.1.2 and interpolating in Tables 9.1 and

9.2, we have

This value is readily checked using 2 ~ 3 . 1and

h=-.05. Now IJo(z)l51 for all 2 and IJ,,(z)l
<2-4, rill for all 2. In Table 11.1, we can
always choose Ihl5.05. Thus if all terms of O(h4)
and higher are neglected, then a bound for the
absolute error is 2+h4/48<.3.10-6 for all z if Ihl
<.05. Similarly, the absolute error for quadratic
interpolation does not exceed
h3(24+2)/24<
.2- lo--?
Example 3. Interpolation of
Simpsonsrule. We have

13.M

Jo(t)dt=2[.32019 09 +.31783 69 +.04611 52

+. 00283 19 +.00009 72+ .OOOOO 211
= 1.37415

Example 2. Compute

l.
Jo(t)dt to 5D by

interpolation of Table 11.1 using Taylorsformula.

We have

h
+3[Jz(z)-Jo(z)I+gg [3J1(4--Ja(dI+
ha

and with IhII .05, it follows that

- -

lRl<.9

10-10

Then with z=3.0 and h=.05,

Thus if 2=3.0 and h=.05

~~J0(t)dt=1.387567+(.05)(-.260052)
-(.00125)(.339059)
+ (.OOOOlO) (.746143) = 1.37415

~06Jo(t)dt=1.38756
72520+-( 05) [-.26005 19549
6
+4(-.26841 13883)-.27653 495991
=1.37414 86481

489

INTEQRALS OF BESSEL FUNCTION8

which is correct to 10D. The above procedure

gives high accuracy though it may be necessary to
interpolate twice in Jo(z) to compute J o

1:+-

and Jo(r+h). A similar technique based on the

trapezoidal rule is less accurate, but at most only
one interpolation of Jo(z)is required.
Example 4.

The recurrence formula gives

fi=2 (f1

Similarly,

Using 11.1.7, we have

Jo(t)dt=3(-.260052)
= 1.38757

+?

[(.574306)(.339059)

-(1.020110)(- .26OO52)1

= 1.69809 10

f3=1.20909 66,f4=.62451 73,f5=.25448 17

When r>>r,
iary function

Cornputel Jo(t)dt a n d l YdtW

to 5D using the representation in terms of Struve

functions and the tables in chapters 9 and 12.
For 2=3, from Tablea 9.1 and 12.1
J1= ,339059
Jo=-. 260052
Yo= .376850
Y1= .324674
I&=
.574306
&=l. 020110

4-f-1)

it is convenient to use the auxil-

Si(%)= (T- l)!~-'+'fr(;~)

This satisfies the recurrence relation
a2gr+i(x)=$gr91 (4=

s'
0

(T-

l)2gr-1(z)
+ (r- 1) (~-2)gr-2(2) r 1 3

JONdt, 92(4=91(3)-J1(4
93

(4= Vg2(4-91(4+Z J O O )

1/39

Example 6. Compute g,(z) to 5D for z=10

and r=0(1)6. We have for z=lO,

Jo=-.24593

58, J17.04347 27, g1=1.06701 13

Thus
g2331.02353 86, g3=.98827 49

Similarly,

and the forward recurrence formula gives

Using 11.1.8 and Tables 9.8 and 12.1, one can

For tables of 2-77(1:), see [11.16].

compute1 Io(t)dt a n d l Ko(t)dt.

Jm

Jo(;)dt,S," Yo(i)dt,1 V o ( t ) - 1 l d l , l
t

Ko(t)dt
t

For moderate values of z, use 11.1.19-11.1.23.

For z sufficiently large, use the asymptotic expansions or the polynomial approximations
11.1.24-11.1.31.
For moderate values of z and r, use 11.2.4.
If r=l, see Example 1. For moderate values of
2, use tha recurrence formula 11.2.5. If 1: is large
and z ~ rsee
, tho discussion below.
Example 5. Compute j r , &)=jr(z) to 5D for
2=2 and r=0(1)5 using 11.2.6. We have

=r

(r)+S fr-,(z)

j-1(1:>
= -Jl(4, f o b ) =JO(z1, f~(z>

Jo (t)dt

and the termson this last line are tabulated. Thus

for 2=2,
f-l=--.57672

Repeated Integrals of &(x)

For moderate values of z, use the recurrence

formula 11.2.14 for all T.
Example 7. Compute Ki,(z) to 5D for 2=2
and r=0(1)5. We have
rKir+1(z)=-2Kir(z)+(r-1)Kir-1(z)+~Kir-2(z)
m

Repeated Integrals of J&)

d r + l(z)=zfrCz)- (r-1)jr-i

g4=.96867 36, g,=.94114 12, g,=.90474 64

48,fo=.22389 08,fl=1.42577 03

KLl(z)=Kl(z), Kio(z)=KO(%),
Ki,(z)=S Ko(t)dt
and the functions on this last line are tabulated
Thus for ,2=2,
K0=.11389 39, K1=.13986 59, Kil=.09712 06
and
Ki2=-2Kil+2K1=.08549 06
Similarly,
Kia=.07696 36, Ki4=.07043 17, Kis=.06525 22
If x/r is not large the formula can still be used
provided that the starting values are sufliciently
accurate to offset the growth of rounding error.
For tables of Kit(%),see [11.11].

490

INTEGRALS QF BESSEL FUNCTIONS

Apart from roundaff error, the value of r needed

to achieve a stated accuracy for given x and m
can be determined a priori. Let

Now
fo(d

= [l -zK1(41/z
=SK0(t)dt,j1(2)
0

Then
the latter following from 11.3.27 with v = l . In
11.3.5, put a = l , b=-1, p=O and v=O. Let
p=m. Then

Qr-2k=

Qr

jn(4

=[(m -1>Ynl-2(4 -2KI (4

-4m-1>~0(41/2

(m>l>

Using tabular values of joand f l , one can compute

in succession j2,
js,. . . provided that m/x is not
large.
Example 8. Computej,,,(z)to 5 D for 2 = 5 and
m=0(1)6. We have, retaining two additional
decimals

&= -00369 11
Thus

jo=l. 56738 74

K1=. 00404 46
fi=. 19595 54

(~-1)~(r-3)~.. . (r-2k+1)2

I [ ~ K(5)
I+dr- 1)Ko(z)I/(r- 1)

since for 2 fixed,jr(Z) is positive and decreases as r

increases.
Example 9. Computej,,,(z)to 5D for 2=3 and
m=0(2)10. We have

&=.03473 95

K1=.04015 64

If r= 16,
~6<.86*1O-

q0<1.4-1O-~

Taking g16=0,we compute the following values

of g14) g12, . . ., go by recurrence. Also recorded
are the required values off,,, to 5D.

j2=.05791 27,j,=.01458 93,j6=.00685 36

Similarly starting withjl,we can computej3andjs.
If m>z, employ the recurrence formula in
backward form and write

m
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0

fm-2(z>=[22fm(2)+~~~(~>+~(m--1)Ko(~)l/(m--1)2
In the latter expression, replace j,,,
by gn. Fix 2.
Take r>m and assume gr=O. Compute gr-2,
gr-4, etc. Then

lim gr-w(z)=j,,,(z), m=r-2k

fn

9.,
.00855
.01061
.01325
.01751
.02548
.04447
. 11936
1. 53994

42
09
05
39
09
31
90
71

.01325
.01751
.02548
.04447
. 11937
1.53995

For tables of j,,,(z),see [11.21].

r-m

References
Tests
[11.1] H. Bateman and R. C. Archibald, A guide to tables
of Bessel functions, Math. Tables Aids a m p .
1, 247-252 (1943). See also Supplements I, 11,
IV, same journal, 1,403-404 (1943); 2,59 (1946);
2, 190 (1946), respectively.
(11.21 A. Erd6lyi et al., Higher transcendental functions,
vol. 2, ch. 7 (McGraw-Hill Book Co.,Inc., New
York, N.Y., 1953).
[11.3] A. ErdQyi et al., Tables of integral transforms, vola.
1, 2 (McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., New York,
N.Y., 1954).
[11.4] W. Grirbner and N. Hofreiter, Integraltafel, I1 Teil
(Springer-Verlag, Wien and Innsbruck, Austria,
1949-1950).
[11.5] L. V. King, On the convection of heat from small
cylinders in a stream of fluid, Trans. Roy. Soo.
London 214A, 373-432 (1914).
[11.6] Y. L. Luke, Some notes on integrals involving
Bessel functions, J. Math. Phys. 29, 27-30
(1960).

[11.7] Y. L. Luke, An associated Bessel function, J. Math.

Phys. 31, 131-138 (1952).
[11.8] F. Oberhettinger, On some expansions for Bessel
integral functions, J. Research NBS 59, 197-201
(1957) RP 2786.
[11.9] G. Petiau, La thQrie des fonctions de Bessel
(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique,
Paris, France, 1955).
[11.10] G. N. Watson, A treatise on the theory of Bessel
functions, 2d ed. (Cambridge Univ. Press,
Cambridge, England, 1958).
Tables

[11.11] W. G. Bickley ana J. Nayler, A short table of the

functions Kin@), from n = l to n=16. Philos.

Mag.7,20,343-347 (1935). Kil(z)=LmKo(t)&,

Ki,(z) =Jm

Ki,,-I(t)&,

(.1)2, 3, QD.

n=1(1)16, z=0(.06).2

491

INTEGRALS OF BESSEL FUNCTIONS

[11.12] V. R. Bursian and V. Pock, Table of the functions

Akad. Nauk,

Leningrad, Inst. Fiz. Mat.,

Trudy (Travaux) 2, 6-10 (1931). JmKo(t)dl,

L-

z=O(.1)12, 7D; e=

Zo(t)dt, z=O(.1)6,

Ko(t)dt, z=O(.l)l6, 7D;

7D; e-=

Zo(t)dt, z=

0 (.1)16, 7D.
[11.13] E. A. Chistova, Tablitay funktsii Besselya ot
deistvitel nogo argumenta i integralov ot
nikh (Izdat. Akad. Nauk SSSR., MOSCOW,
U.S.S.R.,
n=O, 1; z=0(.001)15(.01)100, 7 0 .
Also tabulated are auxiliary expressions to facilitate interpolation near the origin.
[11.14] A. J. M. Hitchcock, Polynomial approximations to
Bessel functions of order zero and one and to
related functions, Math. Tables Aids a m p .
11, 86-88 (1957). Polynomial approximations
for iJo(t)dtand KKo(t)dt.
[ll.l5] C. W. Horton, A short tableof Struve functions
and of some integrals involving Bessel and
Struve functions, J. Math. Phys. 29, 66-68
(1960). C,(z)
4D; D,(z)

=$

tJ,(t)dt, n= 1(1)4,2=O(.I)10,

=JtE.(t)dt,n=0(1)4, ~=0(.1)10,

4D, where E,@) is Struves function; see

chapter 12.
[ll.l6] J. C. Jaeger, Repeated integrals of Bessel functions
and the theory of transienta in filter circuita,
J. Math. Phys. 27, 210-219 (1948). f~(z)=

Jo(t)dl,

f,(z)=Jzf,l(t)dt,

2-%(z), r=1(1)7,

[11.18] H. L. Knudsen, Bidrag til teorien for antennesystemer med he1 eller delvis rotations-symmetri.
I (Kommission Has Teknisk Forlag, Copenhagen,
Denmark, 1953).

JJ,(t)dt,

0(.01)10, SD. Also

n=0(1)8, z=

J.(t)ecodl, a=t,a=z-t.

(11.191 Y. 5.Luke and D. Ufford, Tables of the function

&(z) =6Ko(t)dt.

Math. Tables Aids Comp.

UMT 129. Z(z)= -[r+h(~/2)1Ai(~)

+ Aa(z),
Ai@), A&). z=0(.01).5(.05)1, 8D.
[11.20] C. Mack and M. Castle, Tables of

s,Zo(z)& and

JamKo(z)&,Roy. Soc. Unpublished Math. Table

File No. 6. a=0(.02)2(.1)4, QD.
[11.21] G. M. Muller, Table of the function
Kj,(z) =z-ns,unKo(u)du,

Office of Technical Services, U.S. Department

of Commerce, Washington, D.C. (1954).
n=0(1)31, ~=0(.01)2(.02)5, 89.
(11.221 National Bureau of Standards, Tables of functions
and zeros of functions, Applied Math. Series 37
(U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington,

D.C., 1954). (1) pp. 21-31: s,Jo(t)dt,

z=O(.01)10, 10D.

(2) pp. 33-39:

~=0(.1)10(1)22,

10D;

Y~(t)dt,
Jo(t)dt/t,

F(z)=Jm Jo(t)dl/t

+In (z/2), z=0(.1)3, 10D; F((z)/n!, z=

lO(l)22, n=O(1)13, 12D.
[11.23] National Physical Laboratory, Integrals of Bessel
functions, Roy. Soc. Unpublished Math. Table

[11.24] M. Rothman, Table of

PO(Z)&

for 0(.1)20(1)26,

Quart. J. Mech. Appl. Math. 2, 212-21.7 (1949).

Z=0(1)24, 8D. Also +,(z) =~mJ~[2(~t)]Jn(t)~p
85-98.
Jo(t)dt for large z,
[11.26] P. W. Schmidt, Tables of
an@),*i(z), n=1(1)7, ~=0(1)24, 4D.
[11.17] L. N. Karmaeina and E. A. Chistova, Tablitay
J. Math. Phys. 34, 169-172 (1955). 2=10(.2)40,
funktaii Besselya ot mnimogo argumenta i
6D.
integralov ot nikh (Izdat. Akad. Nauk SSSR.,
(11.261 G. N. Watson, A treatise on the theory of Bessel
MOSCOW,U.S.S.R., 1958). e-+Zo(z), e-+Zl(z),
functions, 2d ed. (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, England, 1958). Table VIII, p. 752:
e=Ko(z),ezK1(z), e=, e-=f Zo(t)dl, e = cKo(t)dt,
i p ~ ( t ) d t , ; f Y ~ ( t ) d t , 2=0(.02)1, 7D, with
z=0(.001)5(.005)15(.01)100, 7D except for e
the first 16 maxima and minima of the integrals
which is 78. Also tabulated are auxiliary expresto 7D.
sions to facilitate interpolation near the origin.