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What Is HTML?: Start Tag Element Content End Tag

HTML is a markup language used to define the structure and layout of web pages. HTML uses tags like <h1> and <p> to mark headings, paragraphs, and other elements. Tags usually come in pairs with an opening and closing tag. HTML documents are made up of nested HTML elements and describe the content and structure of a web page. When a browser opens an HTML file, it displays the page defined by the HTML elements but does not display the HTML tags.

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Himanshu Rustagi
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101 views

What Is HTML?: Start Tag Element Content End Tag

HTML is a markup language used to define the structure and layout of web pages. HTML uses tags like <h1> and <p> to mark headings, paragraphs, and other elements. Tags usually come in pairs with an opening and closing tag. HTML documents are made up of nested HTML elements and describe the content and structure of a web page. When a browser opens an HTML file, it displays the page defined by the HTML elements but does not display the HTML tags.

Uploaded by

Himanshu Rustagi
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What is HTML?

HTML is a language for describing web pages.


HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language HTML is not a programming language, it is a markup language A markup language is a set of markup tags HTML uses markup tags to describe web pages

HTML Tags
HTML markup tags are usually called HTML tags

HTML tags are keywords surrounded by angle brackets like <html> HTML tags normally come in pairs like <b> and </b> The first tag in a pair is the start tag, the second tag is the end tag Start and end tags are also called opening tags and closing tags

HTML Elements
An HTML element is everything from the start tag to the end tag:

Start tag * <p> <a href="default.htm" > <br />

Element content This is a paragraph This is a link

End tag * </p> </a>

* The start tag is often called the opening tag. The end tag is often called the closing tag.

HTML Element Syntax


An HTML element starts with a start tag / opening tag An HTML element ends with an end tag / closing tag The element content is everything between the start and the end tag Some HTML elements have empty content Empty elements are closed in the start tag Most HTML elements can have attributes

Tip: You will learn about attributes in the next chapter of this tutorial.

Nested HTML Elements


Most HTML elements can be nested (can contain other HTML elements). HTML documents consist of nested HTML elements.

HTML Documents = Web Pages


HTML documents describe web pages HTML documents contain HTML tags and plain text HTML documents are also called web pages

The purpose of a web browser (like Internet Explorer or Firefox) is to read HTML documents and display them as web pages. The browser does not display the HTML tags, but uses the tags to interpret the content of the page:

<html> <body> <h1>My First Heading</h1> <p>My first paragraph.</p> </body> </html>

HTML Headings
HTML headings are defined with the <h1> to <h6> tags.

Example
<h1>This is a heading</h1> <h2>This is a heading</h2> <h3>This is a heading</h3>

HTML Paragraphs
HTML paragraphs are defined with the <p> tag.

Example
<p>This is a paragraph.</p> <p>This is another paragraph.</p>

HTML Links
HTML links are defined with the <a> tag.

Example
<a href="http://www.vit.ac.in">This is a link</a>

HTML Images
HTML images are defined with the <img> tag.

Example
<img src="c:\images\sample.jpg" width="104" height="142" />

<html> <body> <img src="path name of the image" width="104" height="142" /> </body> </html>

HTML Attributes

HTML elements can have attributes Attributes provide additional information about an element Attributes are always specified in the start tag Attributes come in name/value pairs like: name="value"

Attribute Example
HTML links are defined with the <a> tag. The link address is specified in the href attribute:

Example
<a href="http://www.xxx.com">This is a link</a>

<html> <body> <a href="http://xxx.com"> This is a link</a> </body> </html>

HTML Formatting Tags


HTML uses tags like <b> and <i> for formatting output, like bold or italic text.

HTML Text Formatting Tags


Tag <b> <big> <em> <i> Description Defines bold text Defines big text Defines emphasized text Defines italic text

<small> <strong> <sub> <sup> <ins> <del> <html> <body>

Defines small text Defines strong text Defines subscripted text Defines superscripted text Defines inserted text Defines deleted text

<p><b>This text is bold</b></p> <p><strong>This text is strong</strong></p> <p><big>This text is big</big></p> <p><i>This text is italic</i></p> <p><em>This text is emphasized</em></p> <p><code>This is computer output</code></p> <p>This is<sub> subscript</sub> and <sup>superscript</sup></p> </body> </html>

The HTML Style Attribute


The purpose of the style attribute is: To provide a common way to style all HTML elements. Styles was introduced with HTML 4, as the new and preferred way to style HTML elements. With HTML styles, styles can be added to HTML elements directly by using the style attribute, or indirectly in separate style sheets (CSS files).

<html> <body style="background-color:PowderBlue;"> <h1>Look! Styles and colors</h1> <p style="font-family:verdana;color:red"> This text is in Verdana and red</p> <p style="font-family:times;color:green"> This text is in Times and green</p> <p style="font-size:30px">This text is 30 pixels high</p> </body> </html>

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