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    8 Acid Fast Staining Procedure 1

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    Putri Senna Rahayu
    The document describes the Ziehl-Neelsen staining procedure used to identify acid-fast bacilli (AFB) under a microscope. The procedure involves smearing a sputum sample onto a slide, fixing it, staining it with carbol fuchsin, decolorizing it with acid-alcohol, counterstaining it with methylene blue, and examining it under a microscope using oil immersion at 1000x magnification. AFB will appear as red rods against a blue background and results are reported based on the number of AFB observed in 100 fields or 1 field.

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    8 Acid Fast Staining Procedure 1

    Uploaded by

    Putri Senna Rahayu
    456 views7 pages
    The document describes the Ziehl-Neelsen staining procedure used to identify acid-fast bacilli (AFB) under a microscope. The procedure involves smearing a sputum sample onto a slide, fixing it, staining it with carbol fuchsin, decolorizing it with acid-alcohol, counterstaining it with methylene blue, and examining it under a microscope using oil immersion at 1000x magnification. AFB will appear as red rods against a blue background and results are reported based on the number of AFB observed in 100 fields or 1 field.

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    The document describes the Ziehl-Neelsen staining procedure used to identify acid-fast bacilli (AFB) under a microscope. The procedure involves smearing a sputum sample onto a slide, fixing it, staining it with carbol fuchsin, decolorizing it with acid-alcohol, counterstaining it with methylene blue, and examining it under a microscope using oil immersion at 1000x magnification. AFB will appear as red rods against a blue background and results are reported based on the number of AFB observed in 100 fields or 1 field.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    456 views7 pages

    8 Acid Fast Staining Procedure 1

    Uploaded by

    Putri Senna Rahayu
    The document describes the Ziehl-Neelsen staining procedure used to identify acid-fast bacilli (AFB) under a microscope. The procedure involves smearing a sputum sample onto a slide, fixing it, staining it with carbol fuchsin, decolorizing it with acid-alcohol, counterstaining it with methylene blue, and examining it under a microscope using oil immersion at 1000x magnification. AFB will appear as red rods against a blue background and results are reported based on the number of AFB observed in 100 fields or 1 field.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 7

    zACID FAST STAINING PROCEDURE

    Dr. Sunarjati Sudigdo Adi, dr. MS., SpMK(K) I. General objective After finishing skill practice of this session, the student will be able to perform ZiehlNeelsen staining procedure from the sputum specimen Specific objective At the end of skill practice, student could interpret the result of Ziehl-Neelsen staining Methods a. Presentation b. Demonstration c. Coaching d. Self practice List of equipments, materials, and reagents Equipments & materials Sputum specimen Sputum container Bunsen burner Lighter/ matches Cotton soak with 95% alcohol Glass slides Pencil glass/ marking pen Sputum smear preparation positive AFB (not stained) Inoculating loop Filter/ tissue paper Sands with 70% alcohol Methanol 96% (spiritus) Toothpicks Slide holder or box Microscope Iron stick with cotton Reagents Carbol fuchsin (the Primary Stain) Decolorizer HCl 3%+alcohol 95% Methylene blue (the Counterstain) Water (preferably in a squirt bottle)/ tap water Oil emersion

    II. III.

    IV.

    LEARNING GUIDE No 01. 02. 03. 04. 05. STEP SMEAR PREPARATION Clean glass slide by wiping it with wet cotton ball 95 % alcohol and/ or flame directly 2 3 times over the fire to make the slide fat free Mark a target oval area about 2x3 cm below the glass slide with a marking pen/ pencil glass Flame a bacteriological loop to get red-hot and the loop become sterile. Let it cool at room temperature WITHOUT touching anything. Open the sputum container carefully and place the lid face up on the work surface Dip the loop into a sputum sample, select the best portion of sputum, select the most purulent (the thickest part) of the sputum or bloodstained particles if present 0 1 2

    06

    Place the loop full of sample in the center of target area.

    07 08

    RESEAL the sputum container tightly Dips the loop into the bottle contains sands with 70 % alcohol, moves the loop up and down, and rotates in the sands. Reflame the loop and let cool and put it in the rack

    09.

    Using a toothpick smear the specimen with coiling methods. Spread the specimen using a toothpick vertically and horizontally and smear the specimen in small circular motions to distribute the specimen evenly until about 2x3 cm in size.

    10. 11

    DISCARD the applicator stick into a discard container containing sands and suitable disinfectant (alcohol 70%) ALLOW the smear to air dry completely at room temperature

    12.

    Fixation: Pass bottom part of the slide through the flame of a Bunsen burner 3-4 times but dont get burned the smear is now ready for staining procedure.

    This process kills the bacteria and fixes them to the slide so they won't wash off during staining or rinsing.

    01 02.

    Ziehl-Neelsen staining procedure STEP 1: After fixation of the slides, place the fixed slide on the staining rack with the smeared side facing upwards STEP 2: Flood the entire slide with Carbol Fuchsin Ensure enough stain is added to keep the slides covered throughout the entire staining step

    03.

    STEP 3: Using a Bunsen burner or iron stick with cotton, heat the slides slowly until they are steaming. Maintain steaming for 5 minutes by using low or intermittent heat (i.e. by occasionally passing the flame from the Bunsen burner under the slides), prevent the stain for boiling. Allow the slide to cool for 30-60 seconds Caution: Using too much flame or heat can cause the slide to break.

    STEP 4: Gently rinse the slide with tap water to remove the excess carbol fuchsin stain. At this point, the smear on the slide looks red in color.

    STEP 5: Decolorize the slide by dip it into 3% chloric acid-95% alcohol for few seconds until the slides are clear of stain visible to the naked eye.

    To the right are examples of slides insufficiently and sufficiently flooded with acid-alcohol.

    STEP 6: Rinse the slide thoroughly with water and then drain any excess from the slides

    STEP 7: Flood the slide with the counterstain, Methylene Blue. Keep the counterstain on the slides for 1 minute.

    STEP 8: Rinse the slide thoroughly with water

    STEP 9: let it dry at room temperature or dry it by blotting with filter/ tissue paper (do not rub!!)

    Interpretation Morphological Characteristics - Acid-fast bacilli range from 1 to 10 m in length and 0.2 to 0.6 m in width. - They typically appear as slender, rod-shaped bacilli, but they may appear curved or bent. - Individual bacteria may display heavily stained area referred to as beads and areas of alternating stain producing a banded appearance. - Some mycobacteria other than M. tuberculosis may appear pleomorphic, ranging in appearance from long slender rods to coccoid forms, with more uniform distribution of staining properties. Method of Examination Ziehl-Neelsen stained smears should be examined with a 100x oil immersion objective.

    Procedure of microscopy: Switch the lamp of microscope on Open diaphragm maximally Adjust the condenser up maximally Put the slide on the stage Put 1 drop of emersion oil Use 100 x objective lens turn until it touch the slide Turn coarse adjustment knob until you find the field Turn fine adjustment knob to set the focus of your eyes Start to count the bacteria Reporting Results of Acid-Fast Bacilli Smears One reporting system recommended by the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (IUATLD) when reporting ZN stained smears observed at 1000x is: 1. AFB not found in 100 HPF : negative 2. 1 9 AFB/ 100 HPF : report the number of bacteria 3. 10 99 AFB/ 100 HPF : + or +1 4. 1 10 AFB/ 1 HPF: ++ or +2 5. > 10 AFB / 1 HPF: +++ or +3 Note : if 1 3 AFB/ 100 HPF, repeat exam using new specimen, if still 1 3 report as neg, if 4 9 report as pos.

    Note: 0 = not doing at all 1 = do the step partially 2 = do the step completely

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