Chapter 1-Company Profile: 1.1 Vedanta Group
Chapter 1-Company Profile: 1.1 Vedanta Group
Chapter 1-Company Profile: 1.1 Vedanta Group
Dariba and Zawar supplying concentrate to its zinc and lead smelters at Chanderiya, Dariba, Debari and Vizag. HZL is Indias leading zinc producer with over 80% domestic market share and also operates multiple captive coal-fired power plants and 171MW of wind power plants. HZL is listed on the Bombay and National Stock Exchanges, and Sterlite owns 64.9% of its share capital. Hindustan Zinc Ltd. was created from the erstwhile Metal Corporation of India (MCI) on 10th January 1966 as a Public Sector Undertaking in the mining industry.
Industrial policy Resolution 1956 kept the extraction of ferrous and non- ferrous mineral resources in the core sector keeping the right of extracting the same exclusive to the government. Nationalization of Metal Corporation of India is to been seen in the context. The authorized and paid up capital of the company at the time of nationalization was Rs. 422.53 crores equally divided into 422531900 equity shares of Rs. 10 each. At the time of nationalization the company was having one mining unit i.e. Zawar Mines, in the State of Rajasthan, one smelting unit i.e. Tundoo Lead Smelter in the State of Bihar and another smelting unit is under construction i.e. Debari Zinc Smelter in the State of Rajasthan in its hand. The initial production capacity of Zawar Mines unit was 500 TDP and that of the Lead Smelter 500 TPA. After nationalization the government of Indias first task was the completion of the Debari Zinc Smelter under construction and its commissioning. The company has gradually increased its production capacity so as to match the demand supply position of lead and zinc. Today the Companys market share is about 70% and it is continuously striving for making the country a surplus one in respect of these two metals. [2] In April 2002, Sterlite acquired a 46% interest in HZL from the Government of India and the open market, and it became a part of the Sterlite group. Since then HZL has been growing from strength to strength. In August 2003, Sterlite acquired a majority state in HZL by acquiring another 18.9% interest from the Government of India. HZL produces Zinc, Lead and by-products viz. Cadmium, Sulphuric Acid and Silver. HZL achieved an all-time high production output of 81046.94 MT of Zinc concentrate during 2007-08 Today HZL is Indias leading Zinc producer mine. It is one of India's leading base metal producers, and is unique in the context of its technological versatility coupled with vertical integration in several metals. HZL had entered into a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) for setting up a nickel technology
proving plant of 10 tonnes per day. The technology is for extracting nickel from overburden of chromite at the Sukhinda Mines in Orissa. It has also signed an MOU with BHP Minerals, Australia, and is working on a joint venture project for exploration of base and precious minerals in Rajasthan. The company has entered into yet another MOU with Vigego, Vietnam and La- Source, France, for exploration at Pac-Lang for gold prospecting in Vietnam. HZL has also entered into an arrangement with Broken Hill of Australia for grassroots exploration of zinc, lead and other minerals in Rajasthan. HZL was negotiating with another Australian company, Pasminco, for exploration in the Ajmer district. The company has completed exploration for evaluation of Gossan resource in parts of agpura. The Company has been declared a "Mini Ratna". Its Zinc Smelters are situated in Chanderiya, Debari and Visakhapatnam. It has lead-zinc mines in Dariba, Rampura Agucha, and Zawar. It has nearly 6400 employees.
1.3.2 PROCESS :
Mining
Roasting
Leaching
In HZL Various Departments (Plants) as under: Roaster and Acid plant Leaching plant Zinc Electrolysis plant 6
Electrical department
1.3.3 ROASTER AND ACID PLANT:The raw materials used for production of zinc is named blend which is prepared by the concentrate which comes from various mines. The main constitute present in the blend is ZnS. For the leaching of ZnS it is necessary to first convert it into oxide i.e. roasting of ZnS is done here at roaster.
1.3.4 LEACHING AND PURIFICATION:Leaching is a selective dissolution of ore minerals /oxide minerals in acid or solution of other reagents according to the condition adjusted in a manner to leave maximum gangue in the insoluble residue.Calcine comes into the hopper from roaster with the help of bucket elevators.The average rates of calcine consumption is 11MT/hr, whereas the rate of solution supply is 90 m3/hr;this corresponds to 140-150MT of Zinc ingots per day.
1.3.4.ZINC ELECTROLYSIS AND MELTING:Electrolysis of zinc sulphate solution take place in electrolysis cell with aluminum sheet as cathode and silver lead alloy as anode: The reaction can be represented as: As cathode (reduction) Zn2+ +2e-Zn At anode (oxidation) So42 +H2O H2So4 + 2e
The zinc gets deposited on the Al cathode and is stripped after 24 hours of deposition whereas oxygen is given off at the anode.As SO42- ions have strong affinity for hydrogen ions this results 7
in formation of sulphuric acid. The oxygen which is liberated oxidizes the MnSO4 in solution to MnO2 which deposits as anode mud which is cleaned out periodically.
1.3.5 ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT:Power situation in any industry is alarming. The gap between demand and supply keeps widening day by day. The energy SBU thus determines how each business unit or process consumes power. This helps to promote accountability, increase efficiency and productivity. Electrical energy acts as a raw material for industry. It implies energy saving through various ways after all energy saved is energy generated.[2]
1.4 PERFORMANCE:Zinc Smelter Debari, has achieved an impressive growth pattern and condition and endeavors are being made to improve the production, as productivity. Emphasis is given for energy conservation, improvement in recovery efficiency and reduction in process chemical consumption which is prime factor in controlling the cost of production. In order to sustain above achievement, TQM and workman participation through suggestion scheme are in Zinc smelter Debari, now is a 9002 certified unit for quality management system from 05-11-1998.
To attain one million ton zinc-lead metal production capacity by 2012. To be innovative, customer oriented and eco-friendly, maximizing stake-holder value. Enhance stakeholders value through exploration, innovation, operational excellence and sustainability
Maintain market leadership and customer delight.To be the lowest cost zinc producer on a global scale, maintain market leadership.
VALUES
Entrepreneurship Growth Excellence Trust Sustainability
1.6 MILESTONE
FY 2004
35,000 tonnes of zinc debottlenecking completed at Chanderiya Smelter Complex
FY 2005
Rampura Agucha Mine expansion from 2.30 million tonnes per annum to 3.75 million tonnes per annum
FY 2006
Commissioned 170,000 tonnes per annum of Hydrometallurgical Zinc Smelter (Hydro I) at Chanderiya Smelter Complex Commissioned 2 X 77 MW Captive Power Plant at Chanderiya Smelter Complex Commissioned 50,000 tonnes per annum of Ausmelt Lead Smelter at Chanderiya Smelter Complex
FY 2007
Sindesar Khurd Mine began production with an initial production capacity of 0.3 million tonnes per annum Commissioned 38.4 MW of Wind Energy Farms at Gujarat
FY 2008
Commissioned 170,000 tonnes per annum of Hydrometallurgical Zinc Smelter (Hydro II) in a benchmark time of 20 months at Chanderiya Smelter Complex Commissioned 80 MW Captive Power Plant at Chanderiya Smelting Complex 5,000 tonnes of zinc debottlenecking completed at Debari Zinc Smelter Commissioned 50.4 MW of Wind Energy Farms at Gujarat
FY 2009
Rampura Agucha Mine expansion from 3.75 million tonnes per annum to 5.00 million tonnes per annum making the total mining capacity of the Company to 7.40 million tonnes per annum 88,000 tonnes per annum zinc debottlenecking competed at Chanderiya Smelter Complex & Debari Zinc Smelter making the total metal production capacity to 754,000 tonnes per annum. Commissioned 80 MW Captive Power Plant at Zawar Mines. Commissioned 34.4 MW Wind Energy Farms making the Company's total Wind Energy capacity to 123.2 MW.
FY 2010
Rampura Agucha Mine expansion from 5.00 million tonnes per annum to 6.00 million tonnes per annum, increasing the total mining capacity of the Company to 8.40 million tonnes per annum.
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Commissioned the 210,000 tonnes per annum Hydrometallurgical Zinc Smelter at Rajpura Dariba, increasing the Zinc & Lead metal production capacity to 964,000 tonnes per annum (879,000 tonnes of Zinc and 85,000 tonnes of Lead).
FY 2011
Commissioned 1.50 million tonnes per annum concentrator at Silver-rich Sindesar Khurd Mine Commissioned 160 MW (80X2) Captive Power Plant at Dariba Smelting Complex Around 48 MW addition in wind power generation capacity
FY 2012
Ramped-up Sindesar Khurd mine to 2.0 mtpa capacity Commissioned the 100 ktpa Lead smelter at Dariba, increasing the Lead production capacity to 185 ktpa Commissioned new Silver refinery, increasing the Silver refining capacity to 500 tpa Commissioned 102MW expansion in wind power, increasing total wind power generation capacity to around 274MW Commenced underground mine development work at Rampura Agucha mine and greenfield Kayar mine
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C++ is one of the most popular programming languages with application domains including systems software, application software, device drivers, embedded software, high-performance server and client applications, and entertainment software such as video games.
Classes Inheritance Data abstraction and encapsulation Polymorphism Dynamic Binding Message Passing Classes: By using classes we can create user defined data types. In other words the class is
1)
the collection of set of data and code. The class allows us to do some things which are polymorphism, inheritance, abstraction, encapsulation which are our next features. The objects are the instances of classes.[3] 12
2)
Inheritance: Inheritance allows one data type to acquire properties of other data types.
Inheritance from a base class may be declared as public, protected, or private. If the access specifier is omitted, a class inherits privately, while a struct inherits publicly. This provides the idea of reusability that means we can add the new features to an existing class without modifying it. 3) Data Abstraction and Encapsulation: Encapsulation means hiding of data from the data
structures or in other words wrapping up of data in single entity is known as Encapsulation. In this the data is not accessible to outside world and only the functions are allowed to access it. When we want to write the class in which we dont have the knowledge about the arguments used to instantiate it then we can use templates in C++. Abstraction can be defined as the act of representing essential features without including background details. 4) Polymorphism: it means that the one interface can be used for many implementation so
that object can behave differently for each implementation. The different types of polymorphism are static (Compile time) and dynamic (Run time). 5) Dynamic Binding: It means that the linking of a procedure call to code to be executed in
response to the call. A function call associated with a polymorphic reference depends on the dynamic type that reference. And at run-time the code matching the object under current reference will be called. 6) Message Passing: An object oriented program consists of the set of objects that
communicate with each other. objects communicate with one another by sending and receiving information much the same way as people pass messages to one another. The concept of message passing makes it easier to direct model or simulate their real world counterparts.[4]
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Text file. It is a file that stores information in ASCII characters. In text files, each line of text is terminated with a special character known as EOL (End of Line) character or delimiter character. When this EOL character is read or written, certain internal translations take place. Binary file. It is a file that contains information in the same format as it is held in memory. In binary files, no delimiters are used for a line and no translations occur here. [5]
2 OPENING A FILE
Opening File Using Constructor ofstream fout(results); //output only ifstream fin(data); //input only Opening File Using open() Stream-object.open(filename, mode) ofstream ofile; ofile.open(data1);
ifstream ifile; ifile.open(data2); File mode parameter ios::app ios::ate ios::binary ios::in ios::out Meaning Append to end of file go to end of file on opening file open in binary mode open file for reading only open file for writing only
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open fails if the file does not exist open fails if the file already exist delete the contents of the file if it exist
All these flags can be combined using the bitwise operator OR (|). For example, if we want to open the file example.bin in binary mode to add data we could do it by the following call to member function open(): [7] Fstream file ; file.open ("example.bin", ios::out | ios::app | ios::binary);
3 CLOSING FILE:
fout.close(); fin.close();
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reading; otherwise return false(zero) fail() bad() good() return true when an input or output operation has failed returns true if an invalid operation is attempted or any unrecoverable error has occurred. returns true if no error has occurred.[8]
These internal stream pointers that point to the reading or writing locations within a stream can be manipulated using the following member functions: seekg() moves get pointer(input) to a specified location seekp() moves put pointer (output) to a specified location tellg() tellp() gives the current position of the get pointer gives the current position of the put pointer
The other prototype for these functions is: seekg(offset, refposition ); seekp(offset, refposition );
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The parameter offset represents the number of bytes the file pointer is to be moved from the location specified by the parameter refposition. The refposition takes one of the following three constants defined in the ios class. ios::beg ios::cur ios::end start of the file current position of the pointer end of the file
7 CLASS BILL
1. int getref(): It is used to return the employees reference number entered by the user. 2. int inserts (int n): It first checks whether the entered employee code exists or not. If it does, it asks the user to enter the bill amount, N.R. amount, dependency code, and the bill type code. 3.void display(): It displays the entire details of the employee. 4.void notice(): It displays the employee code, bill amount and N.R. amount sequentially.
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The medical billing process is an interaction between a health care provider and the insurance company (payer). The entirety of this interaction is known as the billing cyclesometimes referred to as Revenue Cycle Management. This can take anywhere from several days to several months to complete, and require several interactions before a resolution is reached. The relationship between a health care provider and insurance company is that of a vendor to a subcontractor. Health care providers are contracted with insurance companies to provide health care services. The interaction begins with the office visit: a physician or their staff will typically create or update the patient's medical record. This record contains a summary of treatment and demographic information including, but not limited to, the patient's name, address, social security number, home telephone number, work telephone number and their insurance policy identity number. If the patient is a minor then guarantor information of a parent or an adult related to the patient will be appended. Upon the first visit, the provider will usually give the patient one or more diagnoses in order to better coordinate and streamline their care. In the absence of a definitive diagnosis, the reason for the visit will be cited for the purpose of claims filing. The patient record contains highly personal information, including the nature of the illness, examination details, medication lists, diagnoses, and suggested treatment.
The insurance company (payer) processes the claims usually by medical claims examiners or medical claims adjusters. For higher dollar amount claims, the insurance company has medical directors review the claims and evaluate their validity for payment using rubrics (procedure) for patient eligibility, provider credentials, and medical necessity. Approved claims are reimbursed for a certain percentage of the billed services. These rates are pre-negotiated between the health care provider and the insurance company. Failed claims are denied or rejected and notice is sent to provider. Most commonly, denied or rejected claims are returned to providers in the form of Explanation of Benefits (EOB) or Electronic Remittance Advice.
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TITLE: -
To maintain medical bills and its related records of customer. Hindustan Zinc Limited, Debari 1.To handle the working of bill amount transactions. 2. It can keep track records of each employee of the industry. 64 KB. Arbaz Hussain (B.E. IInd Year C.S.E.)
The above options have following effects : 1.It will add new employee details. 2.It will display the check list . 3. It will display the payment list of every employee. 4.It will display all the details of the required employee. 5.It will display the notice board. 6.Exits the program.
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CHAPTER 5- SNAPSHOTS
5.1 Main Menu:
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5.5
Check List:
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Figure 7- Search
Figure 8- Notice
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Chapter 7- REFERENCES
1. http://www.hzlindia.com/history_milestone.aspx as cited on 15 june 2011 2. http://www.hzlconnect.com/html/contactus.html as cited on 16 june 2011 3. Herb Schildt's, C++ Programming Cookbook (ISBN 0-07-148860-X, Osborne/McGraw Hill, 2008) 4. Herbert Schildt,C: The Complete Reference, 4th Ed,ISBN-10: 0072121246,Publisher: McGraw-Hill Osborne Media; 4 edition (April 26, 2000) 5. https://www.classle.net/faq/how-use-file-handling-c as cited on 2nd july 2011 6. http://www.cppforschool.com/tutorial/Files1.html as cited on 20 june 2011 7. http://www.dreamincode.net/forums/topic/177632-file-handling-in-c as cited on 28 june 2011 8. http://www.itprojectz.com/itprojectz_new/c-projects-on-payroll-management-system-2 as cited on 19 june 2011 9. http://computersciencearticle.in/2011/11/computer-science-c-project-on-payrollmanagement-system as cited on 19 june 2011
10. Ian Sommerville, Software Engineering , ISBN 8-131724-61-1, Pearson education Asia, 6th edition 2000.
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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.
Company picture Vedanta resources Use case Main menu Employee data entry Search employee Data entry Check list Payment list Search Notice board
1 2 18 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25
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Chapter 8- ABBREVIATION
HZL: EOL: IDE: ANSI: ASCII: MOU: CSIR: SIIL : BALCO: MALCO : VAL: Hindustan zinc limited end of line integrated development environment American National Standards Institutes American Standard Code for Information Interchange Memorandum of Understanding Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Sterlite Industries (India) Ltd Bharat Aluminium Company Ltd The Madras Aluminium Company Ltd Vedanta Aluminium Ltd.
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