Pipe Sizing Charts Tables.12890822
Pipe Sizing Charts Tables.12890822
Pipe Sizing Charts Tables.12890822
S-40 Steel
Inside
High: 5'/100' PD , 12 fps max vel Maxim: 7'/100' PD , 15 fps max vel
Design
High
Maxim
Pipe Diameter
Thickness
DiameterP.D. perVelocity Flow P.D. perVelocity Flow P.D. perVelocity Flow
Size
(in)
(in)
(in)
0.38
0.675
0.091
0.493
3.0
0.9
0.5
5.0
1.7
7.0
2.5
1.5
0.50
0.840
0.109
0.622
3.0
1.6
1.5
5.0
2.1
7.0
2.6
2.5
0.75
1.050
0.113
0.824
3.0
2.1
3.5
5.0
2.7
4.5
7.0
3.3
5.5
1.00
1.315
0.133
1.049
3.0
2.4
6.5
5.0
3.2
8.5
7.0
3.7
10
1.25
1.660
0.140
1.380
3.0
2.6
12
5.0
3.7
17
7.0
4.5
21
1.50
1.900
0.145
1.610
3.0
3.2
20
5.0
4.3
27
7.0
5.1
32
2.00
2.375
0.154
2.067
3.0
3.8
40
5.0
4.8
50
7.0
5.7
60
2.50
2.875
0.203
2.469
3.0
4.3
65
5.0
5.7
85
7.0
6.5
97
3.00
3.500
0.216
3.068
3.0
4.8
110
5.0
6.3
145
7.0
7.6
175
3.50
4.000
0.226
3.548
3.0
5.3
160
5.0
7.0
200
7.0
8.5
250
4.00
4.500
0.237
4.026
3.0
5.8
230
5.0
7.6
300
7.0
8.8
350
5.00
5.563
0.258
5.047
3.0
6.4
400
5.0
8.3
520
7.0
10.3
640
6.00
6.625
0.280
6.065
3.0
7.7
690
5.0
10.0
900
7.0
12.2
1,100
8.00
8.625
0.322
7.891
3.0
9.0
1,400
5.0
12.0
1,900
7.0
14.1
2,200
10.00
10.75
0.365
10.02
2.7
10.0
2,500
3.8
12.0
3,000
5.8
15.0
3,700
12.00
12.75
0.406
11.94
2.1
10.0
3,500
3.0
12.0
4,200
4.6
15.0
5,200
14.00
14.00
0.437
13.13
1.9
10.0
4,200
2.7
12.0
5,100
4.1
15.0
6,300
16.00
16.00
0.500
15.00
1.7
10.0
5,500
2.3
12.0
6,600
3.6
15.0
8,300
18.00
18.00
0.562
16.88
1.5
10.0
7,000
2.0
12.0
8,400
3.0
15.0
10500
20.00
20.00
0.593
18.81
1.3
10.0
8,900
1.8
12.0
10400
2.6
15.0
13000
22.00
22.00
1.250
20.75
1.1
10.0
10500
1.6
12.0
12600
2.4
15.0
15700
24.00
24.00
1.360
22.64
1.0
10.0
12500
1.4
12.0
15000
2.2
15.0
18700
26.00
26.00
0.750
25.25
0.9
10.0
15500
1.3
12.0
18600
2.1
15.0
23300
28.00
28.00
0.750
27.25
0.8
10.0
18100
1.2
12.0
21700
2.0
15.0
27100
30.00
30.00
0.750
29.25
0.7
10.0
20800
1.1
12.0
25000
1.9
15.0
31300
32.00
32.00
0.750
31.25
0.6
10.0
23800
1.0
12.0
28500
1.8
15.0
35700
34.00
34.00
0.750
33.25
0.5
10.0
26900
0.9
12.0
32300
1.7
15.0
40400
36.00
36.00
0.750
35.25
0.4
10.0
30300
0.8
12.0
36300
1.6
15.0
45400
Schedule 40 Steel
S40-Crit
5 - Pipe-Sizing-Data.xls
CLOSED SYSTEMS
Design Criteria:
3 Frictional Pressure Drop per 100 Pipe Length with a Maximum Velocity of 10 ft/sec
Figure - 1
Schedule 40 Steel
S40-Crit
5 - Pipe-Sizing-Data.xls
OPEN SYSTEMS
Design Criteria:
3 Frictional Pressure Drop per 100 Pipe Length with a Maximum Velocity of 10 ft/sec
Figure - 2
Schedule 40 Steel
S40-Crit
5 - Pipe-Sizing-Data.xls
COPPER
Nominal
Pipe Size
(ins)
0.25
0.38
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
5.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
Copper , Plastic
PLASTIC
Nominal
Pipe Size
(ins)
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
5.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
4.026
4.500
4.026
6.625
8.625
10.750
12.750
6.065
7.981
10.020
11.938
6.625
6.065
Cu-PVC
4.820
4.026
5 - Pipe-Sizing-Data.xls
Design Criteria:
3 Frictional Pressure Drop per 100 Pipe Length with a Maximum Velocity of 10 ft/sec
Figure - 3
Copper , Plastic
Cu-PVC
5 - Pipe-Sizing-Data.xls
Schedule 80 Steel
Schedule 80 Steel
S-80 Steel
XS Steel
Outside Wall
(ins)
(fps)
(ins)
(ins)
(ins)
(gpm)
(ins)
(ins)
(ins)
(gpm)
0.375
1.0
0.675
0.126
0.423
0.5
0.675
0.126
0.423
0.5
0.500
1.5
0.840
0.147
0.546
0.840
0.147
0.546
0.750
2.0
1.050
0.154
0.742
2.5
1.050
0.154
0.742
2.5
1.000
2.5
1.315
0.179
0.957
5.5
1.315
0.179
0.957
5.5
1.250
3.0
1.660
0.191
1.278
12
1.660
0.191
1.278
12
1.500
3.5
1.900
0.200
1.500
20
1.900
0.200
1.500
20
2.000
4.0
2.375
0.218
1.939
35
2.375
0.218
1.939
35
2.500
4.5
2.875
0.276
2.323
60
2.875
0.276
2.323
60
3.000
5.0
3.500
0.300
2.900
100
3.500
0.300
2.900
100
3.500
5.5
4.000
0.318
3.364
150
4.000
0.318
3.364
150
4.000
6.0
4.500
0.337
3.826
215
4.500
0.337
3.826
215
5.000
6.5
5.563
0.375
4.813
365
5.563
0.375
4.813
365
6.000
7.5
6.625
0.432
5.761
600
6.625
0.432
5.761
600
8.000
9.0
8.625
0.500
7.625
1,275
8.625
0.500
7.625
1,275
10.000
10.0
10.750
0.593
9.562
2,230
10.750
1.000
9.750
2,320
12.000
10.0
12.750
0.687
11.374
3,150
12.750
1.000
11.750
3,370
14.000
10.0
14.000
0.750
12.500
3,810
14.000
1.000
13.000
4,120
16.000
10.0
16.000
0.843
14.312
4,995
16.000
1.000
15.000
5,490
18.000
10.0
18.000
0.937
16.124
6,340
18.000
1.000
17.000
7,050
20.000
10.0
20.000
1.031
17.938
7,850
20.000
1.000
19.000
8,800
22.000
10.0
22.000
2.250
19.750
9,510
22.000
1.000
21.000
10,750
24.000
10.0
24.000
2.438
21.562
11,340
24.000
1.000
23.000
12,900
26.000
10.0
26.000
1.000
25.000
15,240
28.000
10.0
28.000
1.000
27.000
17,780
30.000
10.0
30.000
1.000
29.000
20,510
32.000
10.0
32.000
1.000
31.000
23,440
34.000
10.0
34.000
1.000
33.000
26,560
36.000
10.0
36.000
1.000
35.000
29,880
S80-XS
Maxim
S-80 Steel
Nominal Maxim
Sch 80 , XS Steel
Inside
Inside
Maxim
5 - Pipe-Sizing-Data.xls
CAST IRON
Nominal
Pipe Size
(ins)
3
4
5
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
30
36
42
48
Physical Data
Hydraulic Handbook
Colt Industries
7.10
9.30
11.40
13.50
15.65
17.80
19.92
22.06
6.08
8.18
10.16
12.14
14.17
16.20
18.18
20.22
7.10
9.30
11.40
13.50
15.65
17.80
19.92
22.06
6.00
8.10
10.04
12.00
14.01
16.02
18.00
20.00
7.22
9.42
11.60
13.78
15.98
18.16
20.34
22.54
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
14.00
16.00
18.00
20.00
2.9
2.6
2.7
2.5
1.9
1.7
1.9
1.2
6.8
7.7
9.0
9.7
9.4
9.6
10.0
9.2
600
1,200
2,200
3,400
4,500
6,000
8,000
9,000
26.32
32.40
38.70
45.10
51.40
24.22
30.00
35.98
42.02
47.98
26.32
32.74
39.16
45.58
51.98
24.00
30.00
36.00
42.02
48.06
26.90
33.46
40.04
24.00
30.00
36.00
1.2
0.9
0.7
0.5
0.5
10.0
10.0
9.5
9.3
9.8
14,000
22,000
30,000
40,000
55,000
ALUMINUM , BRASS
Nominal
Pipe Size
(ins)
0.38
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
5.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
Aluminum Schedule 40
Diameter (ins) Thickness
Outside Inside
(ins)
0.675
0.493
0.091
0.840
0.622
0.109
1.050
0.824
0.133
1.315
1.049
0.133
1.660
1.380
0.140
1.900
1.610
0.145
2.375
2.067
0.154
2.875
2.469
0.203
3.500
3.068
0.216
4.000
3.548
0.226
4.500
4.026
0.237
5.563
5.047
0.258
6.625
6.065
0.280
8.625
7.981
0.322
10.750 10.020 0.365
12.750 12.000 0.375
Aluminum Schedule 80
Diameter (ins) Thickness
Outside Inside
(ins)
0.675
0.423
0.126
0.840
0.546
0.147
1.050
0.742
0.154
1.315
0.957
0.179
1.660
1.278
0.191
1.900
1.500
0.200
2.375
1.939
0.218
2.875
2.325
0.276
3.500
2.900
0.300
4.000
3.364
0.318
4.500
3.826
0.337
5.563
4.813
0.375
6.625
5.761
0.432
8.625
7.625
0.500
10.750 9.750
0.500
12.750 11.750 0.500
Fe-Al-Br
5 - Pipe-Sizing-Data.xls
Pipe Sizing Criteria for Cast Iron and Steel: Cameron Hydraulic Data,
Old Pipes:
1926-62C =
Pipe
Size
(ins)
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
5.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
Cast Iron
Steel : Sch-40 & Sch-80
Flow Velocity Loss Flow Velocity Loss
(gpm) (fps) PD/100' (gpm) (fps) PD/100'
1
1.1
2.1
2.5
1.5
2.9
5
1.9
3.2
10
2.2
3.1
14
2.2
2.7
28
2.7
2.9
45
3.0
2.9
75
3.5
2.9
80
3.5
3.0
110
3.7
2.8
120
4.0
3.1
160
4.1
2.9
170
4.3
3.2
280
4.6
2.8
300
4.8
3.0
450
5.1
2.8
500
5.6
3.2
1000 6.4
3.0
1000 6.4
3.0
1800 7.4
3.0
1800 7.3
3.0
3000 8.5
3.2
3000 8.5
3.2
Steel : XS
Flow Velocity Loss
(gpm) (fps) PD/100'
1
1.4
4.0
2
1.5
3.2
4
1.8
3.3
8
2.0
3.0
12
2.2
2.9
24
2.6
3.0
40
3.0
3.2
70
3.4
3.0
100
3.6
2.9
140
3.9
2.9
260
4.6
2.9
400
4.9
2.7
900
6.3
3.1
1700 7.3
3.0
2800 8.3
3.1
Pipe Sizing Criteria for Cast Iron and Steel: Cameron Hydraulic Data,
Old Pipes:
1926-62C =
Pipe
Size
(ins)
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
5.00
6.00
8.00
Cast Iron
Steel : Sch-40 & Sch-80
Flow Velocity Loss Flow Velocity Loss
(gpm) (fps) PD/100' (gpm) (fps) PD/100'
1
1.5
2.9
1
1.4
2.5
3
2.2
4.1
3
2.0
3.2
6
2.5
3.6
6
2.3
3.1
10
2.6
3.1
10
2.5
2.9
15
2.8
2.7
2.7
2.6
2.6
30
3.2
2.6
30
3.1
2.5
60
4.1
3.3
60
4.0
3.1
90
4.3
3.0
90
4.2
2.8
140
5.0
3.2
140
4.9
2.9
190
5.2
3.0
190
5.1
2.8
350
6.2
3.2
350
6.0
3.0
550
6.8
3.1
550
6.6
2.8
1100 7.8
2.8
1200 8.2
3.0
Hazen-Williams Sizing
Haz-Will
Steel : XS
Flow Velocity Loss
(gpm) (fps) PD/100'
1
1.3
2.0
3
1.9
2.7
6
2.2
2.7
10
2.4
2.6
15
2.6
2.4
35
3.5
3.1
60
3.9
2.9
100
4.6
3.2
140
4.8
2.9
200
5.3
2.9
350
5.9
2.8
600
7.1
3.2
1200 8.1
2.9
100
Steel: XXS
Flow Velocity Loss
(gpm) (fps) PD/100'
2
4
6
12
20
40
60
90
160
280
700
2.3
2.0
2.0
2.2
2.7
3.1
3.3
3.7
4.0
4.8
6.0
11.7
4.7
3.6
2.9
3.3
3.3
3.1
3.2
2.8
3.1
3.2
130
Steel: XXS
Flow Velocity Loss
(gpm) (fps) PD/100'
1.5
1.6
2.7
3
1.8
2.6
6
2.2
2.6
12
2.6
2.7
20
3.2
3.3
35
3.4
2.7
60
3.9
2.9
100
4.4
2.8
150
5.0
3.1
200
5.1
2.7
400
6.4
3.1
650
7.1
3.0
1300 8.3
3.0
5 - Pipe-Sizing-Data.xls
L/D Factors
Name
K Factors
Gas
Coeff C
Expon E
EL90-RG-SC
45
53
61
45
36
30
35
1.5
-0.6092
A9
25
29
34
25
20
15
20
0.75
-0.8787
A10
EL90-RG-Fl
45
53
61
45
36
30
35
0.45
-0.253
A11
25
29
34
25
20
15
20
0.4
-0.463
A12
EL45-RG-SC
25
29
34
25
20
20
25
0.35
-0.1365
A13
El45-RG-FL
15
18
20
15
12
15
20
0.22
-0.1414
A14
BEND-RG-SC
90
105
123
90
72
70
75
1.35
-0.5
A15
BEND-RG-FL
90
105
123
90
72
70
75
0.425
-0.255
A16
BEND-LR-SC
50
59
68
50
40
45
45
0.426
-0.5182
A17
TEE-LF-SC
20
24
27
20
16
20
25
0.9
A18
TEE-BF-SC
65
76
89
65
52
65
70
1.85
-0.3747
A19
TEE-LF-FL
20
24
27
20
16
20
25
0.265
-0.4695
A20
TEE-BF-FL
65
76
89
65
52
65
70
-0.2851
A21
Strainer: Basket
STRAINER
90
105
123
90
72
70
75
2.4
-0.5609
A22
Union / Coupling
UNION
45
53
61
45
36
30
35
0.083
-0.6644
A23
Inlet: Bell-Mouthed
INLET-BM
20
24
27
20
16
20
25
0.05
A24
Inlet: Square-Edged
INLET-SE
45
53
61
45
36
30
35
0.5
A25
OUTLET
65
76
89
65
52
65
70
Fittings
5 - Pipe-Sizing-Data.xls
Varkie
ColRo
w A8
A9
A10
A11
A12
A13
A14
A15
A16
A17
A18
A19
A20
A21
A22
A23
A24
A25
A26
A27
A28
A29
A30
Valve Fittings Data
FITTING IDENTIFICATION
Name
Description
Water
Angle : Screwed
ANGLE-SC
175
Angle : Flanged
ANGLE-FL
175
Balancing
BALANCING 350
Ball
BALL
10
Butterfly
BUTTERFLY 50
Check Swing : Screwed
CHECK-SC
150
Check Swing : Flanged
CHECK-FL
150
Gate : Screwed
GATE-SC
10
Gate : Flanged
GATE-FL
10
Gate : Electric Motor
GATE-EM
10
Gate : Pneumatic Motor
GATE-PM
10
Globe : Screwed
GLOBE-SC
350
Globe : Flanged
GLOBE-FL
350
Globe : Electric Motor
GLOBE-EM 350
Globe : Pneumatic Motor
GLOBE-PM 350
Lock Shield
LOCK-SHIELD 10
Plug Cock
PLUG-COCK 150
Pressure Reducing
PRV
10
Quick Open
QUICKOPEN 350
Pressure Regulator
PR-REG
10
Relief / Safety
RELIEF
0
Solenoid
SOLENOID
350
Foot Valve
FOOT
50
Glycol
205
205
410
12
59
176
176
12
12
12
12
410
410
410
410
12
176
12
410
12
0
410
59
Valves
Brine
238
238
477
14
68
204
204
14
14
14
14
477
477
477
477
14
204
14
477
14
0
477
68
L/D Factors
Diesel GasolineSteam Gas
175
140
150
200
175
140
150
200
350
280
30
350
10
8
10
10
50
40
0
0
150
120
75
100
150
120
75
100
10
8
10
10
10
8
10
10
10
8
10
10
10
8
10
10
350
280
300
350
350
280
300
350
350
280
300
350
350
280
300
350
10
8
10
10
150
120
130
150
10
8
10
10
350
280
300
350
10
8
10
10
0
0
0
0
350
280
300
350
50
40
0
0
K Factors
Coeff C Expon E
4.5
4.5
4.25
4.25
12.5
12.5
0.24
0.24
12.5
12.5
3.5
3.5
2
2
0.24
0.24
1
1
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
0.24
0.24
12.5
12.5
0.24
0.24
12.5
12.5
0.24
0.24
0
0
12.5
12.5
0.8
0.8
5 - Pipe-Sizing-Data.xls
PROPERTIES OF LIQUIDS
Liquid
Water
Glycol
Brine
Diesel
Petrol
Temperature
-30
0
30
60
100
150
210
Density (lb/cu ft)
62.42
62.37
62.00
61.20
59.81
Specific Gravity ( = Density / 62.4 )
1.00
1.00
0.99
0.98
0.96
Kinematic viscosity (sq ft/sec)
0.00
12.17
7.39
4.76
3.20
Specific heat (Btu/lb oF)
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.01
Density (lb/cu ft)
67.98
67.55
67.11
66.55
65.74
64.68
63.12
Specific Gravity ( = Density / 62.4 )
1.09
1.08
1.08
1.07
1.05
1.04
1.01
Kinematic viscosity (sq ft/sec)
595.00
190.00
85.40
48.60
22.60
12.50
6.40
Specific heat (Btu/lb oF)
0.70
0.73
0.76
0.78
0.81
0.85
0.88
Density (lb/cu ft)
78.59
78.21
77.71
77.21
76.09
Specific Gravity ( = Density / 62.4 )
1.26
1.25
1.25
1.24
1.22
Kinematic viscosity (sq ft/sec)
171.70
77.50
34.70
21.80
8.90
Specific heat (Btu/lb oF)
0.66
0.67
0.68
0.69
0.71
Density (lb/cu ft)
59.20
57.40
56.10
54.90
53.00
51.10
Specific Gravity ( = Density / 62.4 )
0.95
0.92
0.90
0.88
0.85
0.82
Kinematic viscosity (sq ft/sec)
376.70
161.50
80.70
48.30
29.10
7.50
Specific heat (Btu/lb oF)
0.47
0.48
0.49
0.50
0.51
0.52
Density (lb/cu ft)
46.10
45.50
44.90
44.70
44.30
42.40
Specific Gravity ( = Density / 62.4 )
0.74
0.73
0.72
0.72
0.71
0.68
Kinematic viscosity (sq ft/sec)
11.00
9.80
8.80
7.00
5.50
3.00
Specific heat (Btu/lb oF)
0.47
0.48
0.49
0.50
0.51
0.52
Properties
Fluid Properties
2
60
3
75
5
100
7.5
125
10
150
Fluids
15
200
20
250
25
300
30
400
40
500
5 - Pipe-Sizing-Data.xls
Pressure
Initial Steam
Class
Sizing Criteria
Press (psig)
Low
Low
Medium
High
High
High
3.5
12
30
50
100
150
Maxim System
(psi/100ft)
0.25
0.5
0.75
1
2
2
Maxim Veloc
PD (psig)
1
3.5
7.5
10
20
25
(ft/min)
4,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
10,000
LOW PRESSURE STEAM PIPE SIZING CRITERIA : Flow Rates of Steam (lbs/hr)
Pipe
1/16
1/8
1/4
0.5
3/4
0.75
1
1.0
2
2.0
1/16
1/8
1/4
0.5
3/4
0.75
1
1.0
0.063
0.125
0.063
0.125
0.75
14
20
29
36
42
60
11
16
24
35
43
50
73
1.0
17
26
37
54
68
81
114
21
31
46
66
82
95
137
1.25
36
53
78
111
140
162
232
45
66
96
138
170
200
280
1.5
56
84
120
174
218
246
360
70
100
147
210
260
304
430
2.0
108
162
234
336
420
480
710
134
194
285
410
510
590
850
2.5
174
258
378
540
680
780
1150
215
310
460
660
820
950
1370
3.0
318
465
660
960
1190
1380
1950
380
550
810
1160
1430
1670
2400
3.5
462
670
990
1410
1740
2000
2950
550
800
1218
1700
2100
2420
3450
4.0
640
950
1410
1980
2450
2880
4200
800
1160
1690
2400
3000
3460
4900
5.0
1200
1680
2440
3570
4380
5100
7500
1430
2100
3000
4250
5250
6100
8600
6.0
1920
2820
3960
5700
7000
8400
11,900
2300
3350
4850
5700
8600
10,000
14,200
8.0
3900
5570
8100
11,400
14,500
16,500
24,000
4800
7000
10,000
14,300
17,700
20,500
29,500
10.0
7200
10,200
15,000
21,000
26,200
30,000
42,700
8800
12,600
18,200
26,000
32,000
37,000
52,000
12.0
11,400
16,500
23,400
33,000
41,000
48,000
67,800
13,700
19,500
28,400
40,000
49,500
57,500
81,000
Steam-Condns
0.25
1/2
Size
0.25
1/2
2.0
5 - Pipe-Sizing-Data.xls
MEDIUM PRESSURE STEAM PIPE SIZING CRITERIA : Flow Rates of Steam (lbs/hr)
Initial Steam Saturation Pressure = 30 psig
Pipe
1/8
1/4
1/2
3/4
Pipe
1/8
1/4
1/2
3/4
Size
0.125
0.25
0.5
0.75
1.0
2.0
Size
0.125
0.25
0.5
0.75
1.0
2.0
0.50
0.75
10
14
17
19
28
12
17
21
25
35
22
32
39
45
64
0.50
0.75
16
20
28
40
49
57
81
1.00
32
45
64
79
91
129
1.00
40
57
81
100
115
163
1.25
70
99
142
174
202
283
1.25
89
127
179
219
253
358
1.50
110
156
220
270
312
440
1.50
139
197
279
342
395
558
2.00
223
316
446
546
630
892
2.00
282
282
565
691
800
1,130
2.50
368
520
735
900
1,040
1,472
2.50
465
660
930
1,140
1,318
1,860
3.00
675
953
1,340
1,652
1,905
2,690
3.00
853
1,205
1,690
2,090
2,410
3,410
3.50
990
1,405
2,010
2,470
2,850
4,020
3.50
1,275
1,800
2,550
3,120
3,605
5,090
4.00
1,420
2,020
2,850
3,490
4,025
5,700
4.00
1,800
2,550
3,610
4,462
5,100
7,220
5.00
2,625
3,720
5,260
6,450
7,450
10,550
5.00
3,320
4,710
6,660
8,150
9,440
13,300
6.00
4,315
6,100
8,650
10,600
12,200
17,300
6.00
5,475
7,725
11
13,420
15,450
21,900
8.00
9,000
12,700
18,000
22,000
25,420
36,000
8.00
11,360
16,100
22,800
27,900
32,200
45,550
10.00
16,400
23,200
33,300
40,250
46,500
65,750
10.00
20,800
29,400
41,500
51,000
58,900
83,250
12.00
26,350
37,250
52,500
64,500
74,500
105,500
12.00
33,300
47,100
66,700
81,750
94,500
133,200
HIGH PRESSURE STEAM PIPE SIZING CRITERIA : Flow Rates of Steam (lbs/hr)
Initial Steam Saturation Pressure = 30 psig
Pipe
1/2
3/4
Pipe
1/2
3/4
Size
0.5
0.75
1.0
2.0
5.0
Size
0.5
0.75
1.0
2.0
5.0
0.50
21
26
30
43
68
0.50
23
29
33
47
75
0.75
50
61
70
99
160
0.75
54
66
77
109
172
1.00
100
120
140
200
320
1.00
109
134
155
220
347
1.25
220
270
310
440
690
1.25
241
296
341
483
764
1.50
340
420
480
680
1,080
1.50
375
460
532
751
1,185
2.00
690
850
980
1,390
2,190
2.00
760
930
1,075
1,520
2,410
2.50
1,140
1,400
1,620
2,280
3,610
2.50
1,250
1,535
1,775
2,550
3,960
3.00
2,090
2,560
2,960
4,180
6,610
3.00
2,280
2,815
3,245
4,590
7,260
3.50
3,120
3,830
4,420
6,250
9,870
3.50
3,430
4,200
4,850
6,850
10,880
4.00
4,420
5,420
6,260
8,840
13,960
4.00
4,840
5,930
6,850
9,700
15,350
5.00
8,170
10,020
11,580
16,350
25,840
5.00
8,950
11,000
12,700
17,950
28,400
6.00
13,420
16,450
19,020
26,840
42,410
6.00
14,710
18,070
20,800
29,500
46,500
8.00
27,930
34,250
39,580
55,870
88,280
8.00
30,650
37,550
43,400
61,400
97,100
10.00
50,970
62,500
72,230
101,900
161,100
10.00
56,000
68,500
79,100
112,000
177,000
12.00
81,810
100,300
115,900
163,600
258,500
12.00
89,900
110,200
127,100
179,600
284,100
Steam-Condns
5 - Pipe-Sizing-Data.xls
Pressure Drop (psi/100) sizing criteria for open gravity (sloped pipe) condensate return
CONDENSATE FLOW RATE (lbs/hr)
Pipe
1/16
1/4
0.063
0.25
1.0
Size
Pipe
1/16
1/4
0.063
0.25
1.0
Size
1/4
0.063
0.25
1.0
0.5
240
520
1100
0.5
95
210
450
0.5
60
130
274
0.75
510
1120
2400
0.75
210
450
950
0.75
130
280
590
1.0
1000
2150
4540
1.0
400
860
1820
1.0
250
530
1120
1.25
2100
4500
9500
1.25
840
1800
3800
1.25
520
1110
2350
1.5
3170
6780
14,200
1.5
1270
2720
5700
1.5
780
1670
3510
2.0
6240
13,300
2.0
2500
5320
2.0
1540
3270
2.5
10,000
21,300
2.5
4030
8520
2.5
2480
5250
3.0
18,000
28,000
3.0
7200
15,200
3.0
4440
9360
4.0
37,200
78,000
4.0
14,900
31,300
4.0
9180
19,200
6.0
110,500
6.0
44,300
6.0
27,300
8.0
228,600
8.0
91,700
8.0
56,400
Pipe
1/16
1/4
0.063
0.25
1.0
Size
Pipe
1/16
1/4
0.063
0.25
1.0
Size
1/4
0.063
0.25
1.0
0.5
42
92
200
0.5
28
62
133
0.5
23
51
109
0.75
91
200
420
0.75
62
134
290
0.75
50
110
230
1.0
180
380
800
1.0
120
260
544
1.0
100
210
450
1.25
370
800
1680
1.25
250
540
1130
1.25
200
440
930
1.5
560
1200
2520
1.5
380
810
1700
1.5
310
660
1400
2.0
1110
2350
2.0
750
1590
2.0
610
1300
2.5
1780
3780
2.5
1200
2550
2.5
980
2100
3.0
3190
6730
3.0
2160
4550
3.0
1760
3710
4.0
6660
13,800
4.0
4460
9340
4.0
3640
7630
6.0
19,600
6.0
13,200
6.0
10,800
8.0
40,500
8.0
27,400
8.0
22,400
Pipe
1/16
1/4
0.063
0.25
1.0
Size
1/4
0.063
0.25
1.0
0.5
56
120
260
0.5
43
93
200
0.75
120
260
560
0.75
93
200
420
1.0
240
500
1060
1.0
180
390
800
1.5
750
1600
3,320
1.5
570
1210
2500
2.0
1470
3,100
6450
2.0
1120
2350
4900
2.5
2,370
5,000
10,300
2.5
1800
3780
7800
3.0
4,230
8,860
3.0
3200
6,710
4.0
8,730
18,200
4.0
6,620
13,800
6.0
25,900
53,600
6.0
19,600
40,600
8.0
3,400
110,300
8.0
40,500
83,600
Steam-Condns
5 - Pipe-Sizing-Data.xls
PROPERTIES OF STEAM
Enthalpy btu/lb
Press
cuft
Liquid
Latent
psig
deg F
cuft
Liquid
Latent
26.8
180.1
970.3
65
311.8
5.49
281.8
901.3
25.13
183.6
968.1
70
316.4
5.18
286.2
898
218.7
23.72
186.8
966
75
320.1
4.91
290.4
894.8
221.7
22.47
189.8
964.1
80
323.9
4.66
294.4
891.9
224.5
21.35
192.7
962.3
85
327.6
4.44
298.2
899
227.3
20.34
195.5
960.5
90
331.2
4.24
301.9
886.1
229.9
19.42
198.2
958.8
95
334.6
4.06
305.5
883.3
232.4
18.58
200.7
957.2
100
337.9
3.89
308.9
880.7
234.9
17.81
203.2
955.6
105
341.1
3.74
312.3
878.1
875.5
Press
Temp
psig
deg F
212
215.5
2
3
Volume
Temp
Volume
Enthalpy btu/lb
237.2
17.11
205.6
954.1
110
344.2
3.59
315.5
10
239.5
16.46
207.9
952.5
115
347.2
3.46
318.7
873
11
241.7
15.86
210.1
951.1
120
350.1
3.34
321.7
870.7
12
243.8
15.31
212.2
949.7
125
352.9
3.23
324.7
868.3
13
245.9
14.79
214.3
948.3
130
355.6
3.12
327.6
865.9
14
247.9
14.31
216.4
946.9
135
358.3
3.02
330.4
863.7
15
249.8
13.86
218.3
945.6
140
360.9
2.93
333.1
861.5
16
251.7
13.43
220.3
944.3
145
363.4
2.84
335.8
859.3
17
253.6
13.03
222.2
943
150
365.9
2.76
338.4
857.2
18
255.4
12.66
224
941.8
155
368.3
2.68
340.9
855
19
257.1
12.31
225.7
940.6
160
370.6
2.61
343.4
853
20
258.8
11.98
227.5
939.5
165
372.9
2.54
345.9
850.9
21
260.5
11.67
229.2
938.3
170
375.2
2.47
348.3
848.9
22
262.2
11.37
230.9
937.2
175
377.4
2.41
350.7
846.9
23
263.8
11.08
232.5
936.1
180
379.5
2.35
353
845
24
265.4
10.82
234.1
935
185
381.6
2.3
355.2
843.1
25
266.9
10.56
235.6
934
190
383.7
2.24
357.4
841.2
30
274.1
9.45
243
928.9
195
385.8
2.19
359.6
839.2
35
280.7
8.56
249.8
924.2
200
387.8
2.13
361.9
837.4
40
286.8
7.83
256
919.8
210
391.7
2.04
366
833.8
45
292.4
7.2
261.8
915.7
220
395.5
1.95
370.1
830.3
50
297.7
6.68
267.2
911.8
230
399.1
1.88
374.1
826.8
55
302.7
6.23
272.4
908.1
240
402.7
1.81
377.8
823.4
60
307.3
5.83
277.2
904.6
250
406.1
1.74
381.6
820.1
Steam-Condns
5 - Pipe-Sizing-Data.xls
Example:
6800 lbs per hour of steam flow in a 2 inch pipe at 100 psig pressure.
What is the pressure (psi) drop per 100 ft length of pipe and the flow velocity?
Answer: psi/100 = 11 velocity = 32,000 fpm
Figure - 17
ASHRAE
Steam Flow Rates at Various Pressures and Velocities for Schedule 40 Pipe
Steam-Charts
Source:
5 - Pipe-Sizing-Data.xls
Figure 18
Design Criteria:
0.75 psi per 100 ft pipe
Max Vel = 6,000 fpm
Figure 19
Design Criteria:
1.0 psi per 100 ft pipe
Max Vel = 8,000 fpm
Steam-Charts
5 - Pipe-Sizing-Data.xls
Figure 20
Design Criteria:
2.0 psi per 100 ft pipe
Max Vel = 10,000 fpm
Figure 21
Design Criteria:
2.0 psi per 100 ft pipe
Max Vel = 10,000 fpm
Steam-Charts
5 - Pipe-Sizing-Data.xls
1/2"
3/4"
1 1/4
1 1/2
2 1/2
9.5
355
745
1,400
2,880
4,310
8,305
515
1,080
2,030
4,160
6,240
8.5
350
730
1,370
2,815
4,210
8,120
8.1
475
995
1,875
3,850
5,770
7.6
300
630
1,190
2,440
3,650
7,040
7.2
440
910
1,720
3,530
5,290
6.6
290
615
1,160
2,380
3,565
6,865
6.3
395
830
1,560
3,210
4,810
9,260
5.7
245
515
970
1,990
2,990
5,730
9,140
5.4
355
745
1,400
2,880
4,310
8,310
4.7
240
500
940
1,935
2,900
5,580
8,895
4.5
315
660
1,240
2,540
3,810
7,340
For natural gas the nominal BTU/cf varies from about 900 to 1100 BTU/cf. In general it is common to set
1 CFH 1 MBH
1 Btu/h = 0.293 W
LP Natural Gas
Natural-Gas
5 - Pipe-Sizing-Data.xls
20
40
80
150
300
1/2"
0.622
120
85
60
42
31
22
3/4"
0.824
272
192
136
96
70
50
1.049
547
387
273
193
141
100
1 1/4
1.38
1,200
849
600
424
310
219
1 1/2
1.61
1,860
1,316
930
658
480
340
2.067
3,759
2,658
1,880
1,330
971
686
2 1/2
2.469
6,169
4,362
3,084
2,189
1,593
1,126
3.068
11,225
7,938
5,613
3,969
2,898
2,049
4.026
8,301
6,062
4,287
5.047
7,841
6.065
1 CFH = 1 MBH
LP Natural Gas
Natural-Gas
5 - Pipe-Sizing-Data.xls
Pipe
Size (in)Inside
Nomin
Outsid
al
Dia
Dia
PipeOutsid
Size (in)Inside
Nomina
l
Dia
Dia
10
20
40
80
1/4"
3/8"
0.305
15
10
1/4"
3/8"
3/8"
1/2"
0.402
33
24
17
12
3/8"
1/2"
5/8"
0.527
74
52
37
26
5/8"
3/4"
0.652
138
97
69
3/4"
7/8"
0.745
203
143
1 1/8
0.995
469
1 1/4
1 3/8
1.245
894
20
40
80
0.315
16
11
1/2"
0.43
41
29
20
14
1/2"
5/8"
0.545
81
58
41
29
49
5/8"
3/4"
0.666
146
103
73
52
101
72
3/4"
7/8"
0.785
236
167
118
84
332
235
166
1 1/8
1.025
511
362
256
181
632
447
316
1 1/4
1 3/8
1.265
936
662
468
331
LP Natural Gas
1 Btu/h = 0.293 W
1 lb = 0.4536 kg
1 ft (foot) = 0.3048 m
1 in water = 248.8 N/m 2 (Pa) = 0.0361 lb/in 2 (psi) = 25.4 kg/m 2 = 0.0739 in mercury
Natural-Gas
5 - Pipe-Sizing-Data.xls
The capacity of a low pressure natural gas (less than 1 psi) pipe line can be calculated with the Spitzglass formula like
q = 3550 k ( h / l SG) 1/2
(1)
where
q = natural gas flow capacity (cfh)
SG = specific gravity
For natural gas the nominal BTU/cf varies from about 900 to 1100 BTU/cf . In general it is common to set
1 Cubic Foot (CF) = approx 1,000 BTUs
1 CFH = 1 MBH
The specific gravity of natural gas varies from 0.55 to 1.0 .
The downstream pressure in a houseline after the meter/regulator is in general in the
range of 7 to 11 inches Water Column, or about 1/4 psi.
Example - Natural Gas Pipe Capacity
The capacity of a 100 ft natural gas pipe with a nominal diameter 0.5 inches (actual ID 0.622 in )
and 0.5 inches WC pressure drop can be calculated as
)5
LP Natural Gas
Natural-Gas
5 - Pipe-Sizing-Data.xls
FixtUnits
Flow
GPM
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
350
360
370
380
390
400
410
420
430
440
450
500
550
600
700
800
900
1000
Fixture Units
Tank
Valve
1018
1009
1091
1091
1173
1173
1254
1254
1335
1335
1418
1418
1500
1500
1583
1583
1668
1668
1755
1755
1845
1845
1926
1926
2018
2018
2110
2110
2204
2204
2298
2298
2388
2388
2480
2480
2575
2575
2670
2670
2765
2765
2862
2862
2960
2960
3060
3060
3150
3150
3620
3620
4070
4070
4480
4480
5380
5380
6280
6280
7280
7280
8300
8300
5 - Pipe-Sizing-Data.xls
Diam
Fixture
(ins)
Branch
or Less
Stack
Br. Interval
1.5
2.0
10
24
2.5
12
20
42
3.0
20
48
4.0
160
5.0
Pipe
Diam
1/2 inch
2.0
21
26
2.5
24
31
72
20
3.0
42
50
240
500
90
4.0
180
216
250
360
540
1100
200
5.0
390
480
575
6.0
620
960
1900
350
6.0
700
840
1000
8.0
1400
2200
3600
600
8.0
1400
1600
1920
2300
10.0
2500
3800
5600
1000
10.0
2500
2900
3500
4200
12.0
3900
6000
8400
1500
12.0
2900
4600
5600
6700
15.0
7000
15.0
7000
8300
10000
12000
Sanitary
(ins)
1/16 inch
1/8 inch
5 - Pipe-Sizing-Data.xls
Horizontal Branch
Diam
Slope
1.25
1.5
10
12
(in/ft)
1.25
2.5
0.125
0.25
0.50
1.5
0.125
0.25
0.50
2.5
10
12
15
0.125
0.25
290
0.50
150
380
0.125
180
450
0.25
96
240
0.50
49
130
0.125
190
0.25
97
420
0.50
50
220
0.125
190
0.25
98
310
0.50
48
160
410
0.125
190
490
0.25
97
250
0.50
46
130
0.125
190
0.25
97
250
0.50
46
130
0.125
190
0.25
91
310
0.50
38
150
410
0.125
190
500
0.25
85
240
0.50
32
110
0.125
180
0.25
79
420
0.50
26
200
0.125
0.25
0.50
Vents
5 - Pipe-Sizing-Data.xls
Total
Diam
FUs to
1.25
1.5
2.5
Stack
1.25
30
1.5
50
150
10
30
100
12
30
75
200
20
26
50
150
2.5
42
30
100
300
10
42
150
360
1040
21
32
110
270
810
53
27
94
230
680
102
25
10
12
15
10
12
(ins)
86
210
620
43
35
85
250
980
140
27
65
200
750
320
23
55
170
640
540
21
50
150
580
190
28
82
320
990
490
21
63
250
760
940
18
53
210
670
1400
16
49
190
590
500
33
130
400
1000
1100
26
100
310
780
2000
22
84
260
660
2900
20
77
240
600
1800
31
95
240
940
3400
24
73
190
720
5600
20
62
160
610
7600
18
56
140
560
4000
31
78
310
960
7200
24
60
240
740
11000
20
51
200
630
15000
18
46
180
570
7300
31
120
380
940
13000
24
94
300
720
20000
20
79
250
610
26000
18
72
230
500
15000
40
130
310
25000
31
96
240
38000
26
81
200
50000
24
74
180
Vents
5 - Pipe-Sizing-Data.xls
6
548
1253
2227
3566
7600
13800
22200
39650
6
1096
2500
4450
7140
15320
27600
44400
79250
Storm
6
773
1766
3146
5033
10866
19450
31350
56000
5 - Pipe-Sizing-Data.xls
Section No.
Cooling Coils
S12
R1
S11
R2
S10
R3
Pumps
Chillers
Booster Pump
S8
S9
CHWS
CHWR
R4
S7
S6
S5
S1
S2
R8
R5
S3
R7
Cooling Coils
(300 gpm each)
Chillers
Primary-Secondary Piping
S4
R6
Primary Pumps
CHW-Schematic
5 - Pipe-Sizing-Data.xls
BOILER PLANT
Boiler
Primary
Hot Water
Pumps
HWS
Boiler
HWR
HWR
Booster
HWS Pump
4-Pipe Units
4-Pipe Units
4-Pipe Units
BLDG
Booster
CHWS Pump
CHWS
Building
Envelope
CHWR
Primary Chilled
Water Pumps
AHU Cooling Coils
Centrifug
al Chiller
Centrifug
al Chiller
Centrifug
al Chiller
CHWR
CWR
CWS
Cooling
Tower
Condenser
Water Loop
Cooling
Tower
CHILLER PLANT
CWR
Plant-Schematic
5 - Pipe-Sizing-Data.xls