A Project Report on

Headquarters of Central Railways

: Chhatrapati Shivaji
Terminus
Submitted by:

Rohan Puri
Third Year of Bachelor of Management Studies Academic year 2012 2013

Project Guide:

Professor S.J. Gujarathi

S.P. Mandalis R.A. Podar College of Commerce & Economics Matunga, Mumbai 400019 University of Mumbai

Headquarters of Central Railways : Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (C.S.T)

Certificate

Name of the Student: Rohan Puri

College: R.A. Podar College of Commerce & Economics. Class: Third Year B.M.S Year: 2012-2013 Examination Seat No: Remarks: This is to certify that, this project entitled

Headquarters

of

Central

Railway

Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus

Rohan Puri done under my guidance. Exam Seat No. :

is the work of

Principal Dr.( Mrs) Shobana Vasudevan

B.M.S in Charge Prof. S.J. Gujarathi

Guide Prof. S.J. Gujarathi

Acknowledgement
I would like to express my deep gratitude to my guide . Shri S.J. Gujarathi BMS Co-ordinator , .R.A. Podar College of Commerce & Economics for his insightful and inspiring guidance. I acknowledge the valuable assistance provided by S. P Mandalis R. A. Podar College of Commerce & Economics, for three year degree course in B.M.S. I specially thank the Principal Dr.(Mrs) Shobana Vasudevan for allowing us to use the facilities such as Library, Computer Laboratory etc. My immense gratitude goes to my family and most of all with hands joined in prayer I thank the Almighty.

Signature of the student

Declaration
I, Rohan Puri student of R.A.Podar College of Commerce & Economics of TY BMS 5th Semester hereby declare that I have completed the project

Headquarters of Central Railway : C.S.T

in the academic year 2012-2013. The information submitted is true and original to the best of my knowledge.

Name and sign Rohan Puri

Executive Summary

The topic that I have selected as my project is about Headquarters of Central Railway. Firstly it gives a brief description about the Indian Railways, its seventeen zones and its origin. It mainly focuses on the central railway, the origin of central railways, and its Organisation structure. Later moving onto the main topic i.e headquarters of Central Railways it mentions about the various departments of CR , its functions and the various challenges faced by them. Then it focuses on the divisions of the CR.giving an overview about the Mumbai division. It mentions about the various developments brought about in the CR and the new services like tourism packages and passenger amenities provided. In the end, it speaks about the various railway mishaps which has occurred and concludes with the future plans and measures taken by the Central Railway for better working and comfortable experience for the commuters.

Table of Contents
Chapter PARTICULARS PAGE NO.
CHAPTER - 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVE MY OPINION METHODOLOGY INDIAN RAILWAYS 1.4.1 INTRODUCTION 1.4.2 HISTORY 1.4.3 ZONES OF INDIAN RAILWAYS 1.5 CENTRAL RAILWAYS 1.5.1 INTRODUCTION 1.5.2 HISTORY 1.6 1.7 SYSTEM MAP GENERAL MANAGER 18 21 23 24 5 8 16 2 3 4

CHAPTER - 2

HEADQUARTERS OF CENTRAL RAILWAY AT CHHATRAPATI SHIVAJI TERMINUS 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 INTRODUCTION HISTORY THE STRUCTURE OF CST DEPARTMENTS 2.4.1 ACCOUNTS 2.4.2 ADMINISTRATION 2.4.3 COMMERCIAL 2.4.4 ELECTRICAL 2.4.5 ENGINEERING 2.4.6 I.T 37 38 39 41 42 44 26 28 31

2.4.7 MECHANICAL 2.4.8 MEDICAL 2.4.9 OPERATING 2.5.10 PERSONNEL 2.5.11 PUBLIC RELATIONS 2.5.12 SIGNAL & TELECOM 2.5.13 SAFETY 2.5.14 SECURITY 2.5.15 STORES 2.5.16 VIGILANCE

46 47 48 50 51 52 57 59 61 62

CHAPTER - 3. 3.1 MUMBAI DIVISION 3.1.1 OVERVIEW 3.1.2 RECENT MILESTONE/DEVELOPMENT 3.1.3 PASSENGER AMENITIES 3.1.4 SYSTEM MAP 3.2 3.3. CHAPTER - 4 4.1 4.1 4.3 PROBLEMS FACED BY COMMUTERS AND RAILWAYS PASSENGER SERVICES FUTURE PLANS 83 87 90 TOURIST SECTION ACCIDENTS IN INDIAN RAILWAYS

CHAPTER - 5

ANNEXURE

92

CHAPTER-6

BIBLIOGRAPHY

99

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION o OBJECTIVE o MY OPINION o METHODOLOGY

INDIAN RAILWAYS o INTRODUCTION o HISTORY o ZONES OF INDIAN RAILWAYS

CENTRAL RAILWAYS o INTRODUCTION o HISTORY o SYSTEM MAP o GENERAL MANAGER

1.1 Objective

The objective of this project is to study about one of the Indian railways largest zone i.e CENTRAL RAILWAYS (CR) which was established on 5th November 1951 and the working of its Headquarters which is situated at Chhatrapatti Shivaji Terminus, Mumbai. This project enlightens about : Indian railways. Headquarters of Central Railway and its Departments. Divisions of Central Railways. Challenges faced by the railways and commutersThis project also gives a brief description about the terrorist attack which had happened on 26th November 2008 and damaged caused to the headquarters of the CR and sufferings of the commuters.

1.2 My Opinion

The Indian Railways provides excellent opportunity to middle and poor people to travel comfortbly with low cost of tickets. This sector protects the lives of the individuals by providing so many amenities and facilities during the travel to the common and also poor people. An Indian railway is the only government entity which has made optimum use of information technology. Take for example ticket booking, one can book tickets with such an ease that gone are the days when one has to stand in lines to get a railway ticket. One thing which I want to mention here is that lots of improvement is required in cleanliness of coaches and proper fine should be levied on spot for making coaches dirty. Safety is also the concern. t has well linked the whole country. Even the remotest part of the country is well connected. However, it must be well coordinated, staff disciplined, should be run like an airline, food quality should improve, time management to be followed, cleanliness to be looked after, interference from Politicians should be cut off completely. It should be run like a commercial airline.

1.3 Methodology

This project is an outcome of analysis of Central Railway. The main purpose of this project is to give information about the Headquarters of Central Railway and its various departments. The method used to collect data is 1. Primary Data 2. Secondary Data 1. Primary Data :Primary data is data that has not been previously published, i.e. the data is derived from a new or orgiinal research study and collected at the source, e.g., in marketing, it is information that is obtained directly from first-hand sources by means of surveys, observation or experimentation. Primary Data was collected by visiting the Headquarters of central railway. 2. Secondary data :Secondary data, on the other hand, is basically primary data collected by someone else. Researchers reuse and repurpose information as secondary data because it is easier and less expensive to collect. However, it is seldom as useful and accurate as primary data. Secondary data was collected through websites, magazines, newspapers and books. For this project I used combination of both primary and Secondary data.

INDIAN RAILWAYS

1.4.1 Introduction

India is a land of diverse culture, and Railways play a key role in not only meeting the transport needs of the country, but also in binding together dispersed areas and promoting national integration. Indian Railways have emerged as the sinews of the Indian economy, and have reached out to bring together the great Indian family. Indian Railways have been the prime movers to the nation and have the distinction of being one of the largest railway systems in the world under a single management. Railways, being the more energy efficient mode of transport, are ideally suited for movement of bulk commodities and for long distance travel. As compared to road transport, the railways have a number of intrinsic advantages. Railways are five to six times more energy efficient, four times more efficient in land use and significantly superior from the standpoints or environment impact and safety. Indian Railways, therefore, rightly occupy pride of place in the growth and development of the nation. Apart from normal trains connecting almost all part of the country, the Indian Railways also runs special luxury trains like the Palace on Wheels, Rajdhani Express, Shatabdi Express, Fairy Queen etc.

International Tourist Bureaus are located at various important cities all over the country. International Tourist Bureaus issue reserved tickets to the Foreign Tourists and NRIs holding valid passport against payment in US dollars, Pounds, Sterling, and in Rupees against Encashment Certificate. These Bureaus also sell Indrail passes, which enable tourists to travel wherever they like, whenever they like, and whichever trains they like within the validity period. Indrail pass however, does not guarantee reserved accommodation. On the whole, Indian Railways ensure that travelling in India is a cherished experience. Indian Railways (IR) is the state- owned Railway Company of India, which owns and operates most of the country's rail transport. It is overseen by the Ministry of Railways of the Government of India. Indian Railways has one of the largest and busiest rail networks in the world, transporting over 18 million passengers and more than 2 million tonnes of freight daily. It is one of the world's largest commercial or utility employers, with more than 1.4 million employees.

The railways traverse the length and breadth of the country, covering 6, 90 9 stations over a total route length of more than 63,327 kilometers (39,350 mi). As to rolling stock, IR owns over 200,000 (freight) wagons, 50,000 coaches and8,000 locomotives. Railways were first introduced to India in 1853. By 1947, the year of India's independence, there were forty-two rail systems. In 1951 the systems were nationalized as one unit, becoming one of the largest networks in the world. IR operates both long distance and suburban rail systems on a multi- gauge network of broad, metro and narrow gauges.

 Indian Railways is 150 years old

It is largest railway system in world under one management

It is the lifeline of our country

It is the biggest civilian employer in the world

No strike in last 30 years in spite of 17 lac workers

It runs 12000 trains every day

Indian Railways, the worlds second largest railway, carries11 million passengers each day, on 8520 trains departing from7000 stations.

1.4.2 History

When was the first train run ? By the word run a train we mean a vehicle with motive power running on metal rails. " The Stockholm and Darlington Railway" (1825) is recognised as the starting of railway age, because they were the first "Railway" to use a steam locomotive and iron rails to haul a load. It was a load of 38 carriages laden with passengers and goods ran between Stockton and Darlington. The railway line was actually commenced in 1821, but it took 4 years to complete construction. Prior to this in 1801 Richard Trevithick made the steam carriage and in 1804 constructed a locomotive to haul a 10-ton load not on the rails but on the roads.

Now let us see about India. The core of the pressure for building railways in India came from London in 1840s. For a century thereafter the basic policies and ultimate management of the Indian Railways were issued from London. The British built railways in India in order to intermesh the economies of the two countries. The building of railways in India brought about unintended as well as hoped for consequences in economic, political and military front. The new railways tied the the different parts of India together more closely than ever before.

Some mention should be made of the role of Indian businessmen played in the early years. There were Indian merchants , both in Calcutta and Bombay who took an interest in founding of the railways. The most prominent of these was a remarkable Bengali merchant Prince Dwarkanath Tagore , grandfather of Nobel laureate poet Rabindranath Tagore. Dwarkanath's firm Carr, Tagore & Company, is reported to have offered in 1844, to raise one-third of the capital required for a railway from Calcutta northwest to the coalfields above Burdwan. After Dwarkanath's premature death a few tears later the other Indian businessmen played only a passive role. The conception, promotion and launching of India's railways were all British. ( Daniel Thorner 1955)

The Railway Age dawned in India on 16th. April 1853, when the first train ran from Bombay to Thana, a distance of 21 miles(33.81 Km.) For some years before that the idea of building railways in India had taken concrete shape with the Court of Directors of the East India Company in London. The East India Company had obtained a foothold in India as a trading company, but gradually lost most of its privileges it had enjoyed as an instrument of commerce. It had , however been made responsible for the governance of India under the supervision of a Court of Directors in London. The final authority lay , of course , with the British Cabinet, who acted on the advice of its special Board of \control for Indian Affairs. There was a Governor General at Fort William in Calcutta, having superintending authority over the administration of
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India.

The first proposals for construction of railways in India were presented in 1844 to East India Company in London by,(a) East Indian Railway Company headed by R.McDonald Stephenson, and (b) Great Indian Peninsula Railway Company.

George Stephenson the great British Locomotive inventor was one the first Directors of GIPR and his son Robert Stephenson was appointed as the consulting engineer based at London.

Both E.I.R. and G.I.P.R were incorporated in England for the purpose of constructing railway lines in Calcutta and Bombay presidencies respectively. Though GIPR company was formed in 1844. George Stephenson could not see his Locomotives run on Indian soil as he died in 1848.

Lord Hardinge was the Governor General of India at this point of time. He considered the proposals from political, military and commercial point of view and thought that Court Of Directors of East India Company should liberally give assistance to private capitalists, willing to make railways in India , without waiting for proof that the construction of railways in India should yield reasonable profit. The Court of Directors in their suggestion that the first attempt should be made on a limited scale due to some difficulties, deliberated as under,

1. Periodical rains and inundations; 2. The continued action of violent winds, and influence of a vertical sun; 3. The ravages of insects and vermin upon timber and earth work; 4. The destructive effect of spontaneous vegetation of Underwood upon earth and brick work; 5. The unenclosed and unprotected tracts of the country though which railroads would pass; 6. The difficulty and expenses of securing the services of competent

10

and trustworthy engineers.

The Development of Railways in India started on all sides after successful initial projects in the west and the east.

On 16th April, 1853 the first railway on Indian sub-continent ran over a stretch of 21 miles from Bombay to Thane . The idea of a railway to connect Bombay with Thane, Kalyan and with the Thal and Bhore Ghats incline first occurred to Mr. George Clark, the Chief Engineer of the Bombay Government, during a visit to Bhandup in 1843.The first Indian train steamed off from Bombay(Bori Bunder) to Thane on 16th. April 1853, at 3:30 P.M. "amidst the loud applause of a vast multitude and to the salute of 21 guns." The train consisting of 14 carriages was hauled by three locomotives named Sultan, Sindh and Sahib with 400 VVIPs The formal inauguration ceremony was performed on 16th April 1853, when 14 railway carriages carrying about 400 guests left Bori Bunder at 3.35 PM.

The Survey from Calcutta to Delhi was carried out by Mr. Stephenson during 1845-46. The construction of railway line from Howrah to Raniganj was sanctioned only after 3 years. But by the end of 1853 61 kms. of line was ready upto Pandooah. Two historical incidents denied EIR , the first position in history of railways in India.. The Locomotive Engine and the carriages for both the trains of Bombay and Howrah were despatched from England almost at the same time,
11

but the ship carrying the loco for E.I.R. (HMS Goodwin) was misdirected to Australia and the other carrying the carriages for Howrah sank at Sandheads. Otherwise Howrah would have had the legacy of running the first train in India.

The Locomotive Engine and the carriages for both the trains of Bombay and Howrah were despatched from England almost at the same time, but the ship carrying the loco for E.I.R. (HMS Goodwin) was misdirected to Australia and carriages for Howrah sank at Sandheads. The other problem faced was that the line was aligned through Chandernagore (Chandannagar) which was a French territory at that time. The settlement of this dispute with french rulers of Chandernagore also took considerable time.

The Locomotive reached Calcutta via Australia and a trial run was made on 28th. June 1854. The coaches for the first train was however manufactured by two Calcutta based companies Steward & Company and Seton & Company. Otherwise Howrah would have had the legacy of running the first train in India.

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Some facts on Indian Railways

1853 First train run (Boribunder to Thane) 1854 the first passenger train (Howrah to Hoogly) 1856 First south line was open. (Chennai) 1859 First north line( Allahabad to Kanpur) 1947 Post partition 21 railway systems -10 owned by the GOI and balance by princelystates. 1951 Southern, Central and Western Railways SR, CR&WR created 1952 Northern, Eastern and North Eastern Railways, NR,ER&NER created 1955 South Eastern Railways, SER created 1958 North East Frontier Railways, NFR created. 1966 South Central Railways, SCR created. 2002 East Central & North Western Railways created in October 2003 South Western , West Central, North Central, South Eastern Central & EastCoast Railway, created in April 2003.

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 These were the small beginnings which is due course developed into a network of railway lines all over the country. By 1880 theIndian Railway system had a route mileage of about 9000 miles. INDIAN RAILWAYS, the premier transport organization of the country is the largest rail network in Asia and the world's second largest under one management. Indian Railways is a multi-gauge, multi-traction system covering the following:
Broad Gauge Meter Gauge Track Kilometers (1676 mm) 86,526 Electrified Route Kilometers 16,001 63,028 (1000 mm) 18,529 Total Narrow Gauge (762/610 mm) 3,651

Total 108,706

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Other Interesting facts of Indian Railways

The total route length of Indian railway is approximately 63,000 kms. The first electric train was opened in February 1925 on Mumbai suburban

As on 31st march, 20 0 4 the electrified route was 17,503 kms. The Indian railway is the largest in the Asia and second largest in the world after the USSR. The total number of railway station in India is more then 7,000. The Indian railway operates approximately 7,525 7,031 railway stations. The largest platform in India is at Kharagpur. The length is 2,733 feet. It is situated in westBengal.. The longest railway tunnel is Konkan railway tunnel i.e. 65 kms.

The longest rail bridge is across Godavari River. The length is 10,052 feet. The largest marshalling yard is at Mughalsarai. The third class in the Indian railway was abolished in 1974. Now there ares even classes - AC-1s t, AC-2T, AC-3T, Sleeper, AC chair car, first class and second class.

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1.4.3 Zones Of Indian Railways

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Indian Railways has sprawled a huge network of rail tracks throughout the country. Whether it is a remote village or developed metropolitans, Indian Railway serve the rail users in each and every part of the country. This widespread network is classified into sixteen zones for administrative purposes. Each and every zonal railway further comprises several divisions. Calcutta Metro is exclusively operated by Indian Railways, yet it doesn't form the part of any zone. Konkan Railway is the recent addition to the listed railway zones of India that is controlled by the Railway Ministry and the Railway Board. The list embracing the names of seventeen railway zones, abbreviations, headquarters and date of establishment is given here.

.No 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.

Name Northern Railway North Eastern Railway Northeast Frontier Railway Eastern Railway South Eastern Railway South Central Railway Southern Railway Central Railway Western Railway South Western Railway North Western Railway West Central Railway North Central Railway South East Central Railway East Coast Railway East Central Railway Konkan Railway

Abbr. NR NER NFR ER SER SCR SR CR WR SWR NWR WCR NCR SECR ECoR ECR KR

Headquarters Delhi Gorakhpur Maligaon (Guwahati) Kolkata Kolkata Secunderabad Chennai Mumbai Mumbai Hubli Jaipur Jabalpur Allahabad Bilaspur, CG Bhubaneswar Hajipur Navi Mumbai

Date of Establishment April 14, 1952 1952 1958 April 14, 1952 1955 Oct' 2, 1966 April 14, 1951 Nov' 5, 1951 Nov' 5, 1951 April 1, 2003 Oct' 1, 2002 April 1, 2003 April 1, 2003 April 1, 2003 April 1, 2003 Oct' 1, 2002 Jan' 26, 1998

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1.5 CENTRAL RAILWAYS 1.5.1 Introduction

Headquarters: Divisions: Established on: Mumbai Mumbai, Bhusawal, Pune, Solapur, Nagpur 5 Nov' 1951

The Central Railway (CR) is perhaps the oldest railway zone of Indian Railways. This is one amongst the largest of the sixteen zones bifurcated by Indian Railways. Central Railway also boasts of the first passenger railway line in India that connected Bombay with Thane. Central Railway has its headquarters at Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (before Victoria Terminus) in Mumbai. Mumbai, Pune, Kolhapur, Solapur and Bhusawal are some of the major cities that fall under the Central Railway zone.

CR covers the major part of Maharashtra, north-east part of Karnataka southern Madhya part and of

Pradesh.

The Central Railway zone is further

structured into five divisions Mumbai namely CST,

Bhusawal, Nagpur,
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Solapur and Pune. On Nov' 5 1951, Central Railway was established by consolidating numerous government owned railways, together with the Great Indian Peninsula Railway and the Scindia State Railway. Earlier, Central Railway Zone also featured northern Madhya Pradesh, Chattisgarh and southern part of Uttar Pradesh.

Owing to its wide area coverage, CR was the largest railway zone having maximum track mileage and staff. However, these areas were allocated to the West Central Railway zone in April 2003 for better administration. Central Railway Zone is also notable for its Matheran Line, which connects Neral with the hill station of Matheran in the Western Ghats, on the MumbaiPune main line. Deccan Queen, Gitanjali Express, Punjab Mail, Hussain Sagar Express and Pushpak Express are some of the distinguished trains that run under the management of the Central Railway.

Local Trains
Local Trains are the major means of transport in Mumbai. Most of the city-dwellers rely on Mumbai Suburban Railway to travel within the metropolis. The extensive network of Railways has three lines, namely the Western Line, the Central Main Line and the Harbour Line. Being a linear city, Mumbai is totally covered by local train network. The area from Churchgate to Virar is covered under the Western line via Western Suburbs, while the Central Main Line starts from Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST) and travels to Kalyan through the Central Suburbs and Thane. Kurla is the interchange point with the Central Main Line. Between Mumbai CST and Wadala, there is a common stretch of the Harbour Line. However, this line divides into two spurs, the major one heads for the Eastern Suburbs, Navi Mumbai and eventually Panvel, while the other one goes till Mahim on the Western Line and runs parallel upto Andheri. Its interchange stations are sited at Bandra and Andheri.

Mumbai local train, part of the public transportof Mumbai carries more than 7 million commuters on a daily basis. It is spread over 464 route kilometers. It is divided into 3 zones
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Western railway, Central railway and Harbour railway. All the local trains start operations usually after 04:00 hours in the morning and close maximum by 01:00 hours. Traveling in second class is definitely very cheap, but it is exceptionally crowded. For tourists, it is better to travel in the expensive first class, rather than experience any trouble in the economy class.

During rush, office or peak hours, one should avoid traveling in local trains because they are jam-packed. The Mumbai local train has one of the highest passenger densities of any public transport system in the world. The Virar locals are famous for being over crowded, and people travelling short distances always try and avoid them. Here, you can find all the time tables western railway timetable, central railway timetable and harbour railway timetable. The peak hours extend from 08:30 till 10:30 towards CST and Churchgate and from 17:30 to 20:30 pm in the opposite direction. For women, there are special coaches on both classes in all the trains. They are quite better and safer than the common ones. Local trains are the most common and easy means to travel in the city. In case, there is a group

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of people, then prefer taxis and auto-rickshaws over local trains in Mumbai.

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1.5.2 History
The Great Indian Peninsular (GIP) Railway, came into existence on April 16, 1853, when the first train on the Indian Sub-continent steamed off from Mumbai to Thane, a modest stretch of only 33 kms. Central Railway was carved out of erstwhile GIP Railway on November 5, 1951.

Central Railway covers a large part of the state of Maharashtra and parts of North-Eastern Karnataka and Southern Madhya Pradesh. It is a system with a network of 3905.47 route kilometres and 5975.33 track kilometres linking 477 stations in five divisions i.e Mumbai, Pune, Bhusawal, Nagpur and Solapur . Central Railway is the leading passenger carrying system. It carries more than 4 lakh passengers every day to each nook and corner of the country through Mail/Express/Passenger trains. Mumbai Suburban Train System is the life line of the Metropolitan City. More than 3 million passenger travel every day in 1573 suburban trains, moving across 77 stations. 40 suburban services are operated on Pune-Lonavla section in Pune division. The Mumbai Suburban System of Central Railway extends from Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus to Kalyan (54 Kms.), where it bifurcates into 2 directions, one to Kasara (121 Kms) and the other to Khopoli (114 Kms.). Central Railway is also distinguished for its Neral - Matheran Line (Narrow Gauge line), which links Neral with the enthralling hill station of Matheran in the Western Ghats, on the MumbaiPune main line. Deccan Queen, Punjab Mail, Gitanjali Express, Hussain Sagar Express and

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Pushpak Express are the few prestigious trains run by Central Railway. The freight business is the major source of revenue for the Indian Railway. Major commodities carried on Central Railway over its network are Coal, Imported Coal, Cement, Petroleum products, Indigenous Fertilisers, Sugar, Containers, and onion etc. The history of Central Railway runs parallel to the history of Railroads in India. The first train to run on Indian soil was from Bori Bunder Station in Mumbai (then Bombay) which was later rebuilt as Victoria Terminus, the architectural copy of Victoria Station in London. Now Victoria Terminus, renamed Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus is the headquarters of Central Railway. The Rail Company that began as Great Indian Peninsular (G I P) Railway laid the first line from Mumbai to Thane, a distance of 34 kms in 1853. The lines extended to Kalyan (20 kms) in a year. Many hurdles were surmounted as the Western Ghats were traversed and the lines extended in the south-eastern direction to Pune and Solapur and the north-eastern direction to Igatpuri and Bhusaval . The laying of lines in such difficult terrain was an unparalleled feat over 150 years ago. From then on it was rapid progress as GIP Railways was rechristened, restructured and reorganized as Central Railway over a period of more than a century.

Present Status
As a pioneer and leader in passenger and freight traffic, Central Railway has played a pivotal role in the progress of the country. Now the Central Railway network spans 3905.47 route kms and 5975.33 track kms with 476 stations over 5 divisions across three major states; Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, and Karnataka. The passenger network of Central Railway includes the Mumbai Suburban line which is the life line for metro carrying more than 30 lakh commuters every day. More than 1200 suburban trains also called locals serve 73 stations. Some local trains are also extended to the Pune- Lonavla section. The Neral -Matheran Light Rail service started in 1905, is also run by Central Railway. Central Railway carries over 4 lakh passengers daily to destinations within its scope through about 548 mail/express/passenger trains. All major industries such as Steel, Cement,, Fertilizer, Refineries etc. are serviced by the railway with freight traffic carrying Food Grains and other Agricultural products, Salt, Fertilizers, Petroleum etc.
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1.6 System Map

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1.7 General Manager

Shri Subodh Jain graduated in Civil Engineering. from University of Roorkee, now IITRoorkee in 1974. In his 37 years of Professional Career, he has worked with BHEL, Jhansi and Engineers India Ltd., Vadodara, IRCON International Ltd. and on Indian Railways.

On Railways his challenging assignment includes Executive Director - Delhi Metro, Divisional Railway Manager - Bhopal, Principal Chief Engineer - Central Railway, Chief Administrative Officer - East Central & Western Railways and now he has taken over as General Manager, Central Railway. He has extensive International exposure by way of International assignments through IRCON International Ltd., various technical training programmes, seminars and conferences. He has published and presented a large number of Technical papers in various International Conferences in India and abroad.

He has been a Guest Lecturer at Indian Railway Institute of Civil Engineering (IRICEN), Pune and Railway Staff College - Vadodara. He has won International patent for one of his Innovations and has also received the best Innovation Award of the year 2006-07 by Railway Board. He has also been awarded The Engineer of the Year 2009 by CBR International.

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CHAPTER 2
o HEADQUARTERS OF CENTRAL RAILWAY AT CHHATRAPATI SHIVAJI TERMINUS INTRODUCTION HISTORY THE STRUCTURE OF CST o DEPARTMENTS ACCOUNTS ADMINISTRATION COMMERCIAL ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING I.T MECHANICAL MEDICAL OPERATING PERSONNEL PUBLIC RELATIONS SIGNAL & TELECOM SAFETY SECURITY STORES VIGILANCE
26

HEADQUARTERS OF CENTRAL RAILWAY AT CHHATRAPATI SHIVAJI TERMINUS

27

2.1 Introduction
Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, formerly Victoria Terminus, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and historic railway station which serves as the headquarters of the Central Railways in Mumbai, India.

Designed by Frederick William Stevens with influences from Victorian Italianate Gothic Revival architecture and Indian (Mughal and Hindu) traditional buildings, the station was built in 1887 in the Bori Bunder area of Bombay to commemorate the Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria. The new railway station was built on the location of the Bori Bunder Station[3] and is the busiest railway station in India,[4] serving as both a terminal for long distance trains and commuter trains of the Mumbai Suburban Railway. The station's name was changed to its present one in March 1996 and is simply known as VT (or CST/CSTM).

Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus is an outstanding example of late 19th-century railway architecture in the British Commonwealth, characterized by Victorian Gothic Revival and traditional Indian features, as well as its advanced structural and technical solutions. It became a symbol for Bombay (now Mumbai) as a major mercantile port city on the Indian subcontinent within the British Commonwealth.

The site on which this property is situated is associated with the origins of Mumbai as a city. Bombay Island had formed a coastal outpost of the Hindu in western India, but was not used for commerce.

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2.2 History
Bori Bunder (alternatively "Bori Bandar") was one of the areas along the Eastern shore line of Mumbai, India which was used as a storehouse for goods imported and exported from Mumbai. In the area's name, 'Bori' mean sack and 'Bandar' means port or haven (in Persian); So Bori Bunder literally means a place where sacks are stored. In the 1850s, the Great Indian Peninsular Railway built its railway terminus in this area and the station took its name as Bori Bunder.On 16th April, 1853 the Great Indian Peninsula Railway operated the historic first passenger train in India from Bori Bunder to Thane covering a distance of 34 km, formally heralding the birth of the Indian Railways. The train between Bori Bunder and Thane was 57 minutes it was a distance of 35 km apart.

The station was eventually rebuilt as the Victoria Terminus, named after the then reigning Queen, and has been subsequently renamed Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CSTM) after Maharashtra's and India's famed 17th century king. Though the shortened name is now CST, it still continues to be referred to as VT by the masses.

The station was designed by the consulting British architect Frederick William Stevens(18481900). Work began in 1878. He received 1,614,000 as payment for his services.Stevens earned the commission to construct the station after a masterpiece watercolour sketch by
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draughtsman Axel Haig.The final design bears some resemblance to the St Pancras railway station in London.GG Scott's plans for Berlin's parliament building had been published four years before, and also has marked similarities to the station's design.

It took ten years to complete and was named "Victoria Terminus" in honour of the Queen and Empress Victoria; it was opened on the date of her Golden Jubilee in 1887.It cost 260,000 when it was finished in 1888, the highest for any building of that era in Bombay.This famous architectural landmark in Gothic style was built as the headquarters of the Great Indian Peninsular Railway. Since then, the station came to be known as Bombay VT.

Originally intended only to house the main station and the administrative offices of the Great Indian Peninsula Railway, a number of ancillary buildings have been added subsequently, all designed so as to harmonise with the main structure. A new station to handle main line traffic was erected in 1929. The original building is still in use to handle suburban traffic and is used by over three million commuters daily. It is also the administrative headquarters of the Central Railway.

It was first passed to the Portuguese and then, in 1661, to the British. In 1667, the island was transferred to the East India Company, who was principally responsible for its commercial development. Merchants settled here from elsewhere, and the shipbuilding industry and the cotton trade prospered.

The town flourished, especially after the building of railway connections with the inland and the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869. With the development of trade, the Governor of Bombay planned a series of works aiming at the construction of a more representative city. This involved land reclamation and the construction of a magnificent ensemble of High Victorian public buildings along the seafront. The Victoria Terminus, the most impressive of these buildings, was named after Queen Victoria, Empress of India, on whose Golden Jubilee it was formally opened in 1887. The terminus, now called Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, was designed by the British
30

architect Frederick William Stevens (1848-1900). Work began in 1878 and was completed 10 years later.

Originally intended only to house the main station and the administrative offices of the Great Indian Peninsula Railway, a number of ancillary buildings have been added subsequently, all designed to harmonize with the main structure. A new station to handle main-line traffic was erected in 1929. The original building is still in use for suburban traffic and is used by over 3 million commuters daily. It is also the administrative headquarters of the Central Railway.

In 1996, the Minister of Railways, Suresh Kalmadi, changed the name of the station to Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus in honour of the great Maratha king Chhatrapati Shivaji. In 2008, the station was featured prominently in the Academy Award winning film, Slumdog Millionaire. In 1956, the station was also featured in the film C.I.D. during the song 'Yei Hai Bombay Meri Jaan'.

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2.3 The Structure of C.S.T

The station building was designed in the High Victorian Gothic style of architecture. The building exhibits a fusion of influences from Victorian Italianate Gothic Revival architecture and traditional Indian architecture. The skyline, turrets, pointed arches, and eccentric ground plan are close to traditional Indian palace architecture. Externally, the wood carving, tiles, ornamental iron and brass railings, grills for the ticket offices, the balustrades for the grand staircases and other ornaments were the work of students at the Sir Jamsetjee Jeejebhoy School of Art. The station stands as an example of 19th century railway architectural marvels for its advanced structural and technical solutions.

The terminus is one of the first and the best products of use of industrial revolution technology merged with the Gothic Revival style, which was based on late medieval Italian models. This style was acceptable to both European and Indian taste, as it is compatible in its use of colour and ornamentation with the Mughal and Hindu architecture of the subcontinent. The skyline, turrets, pointed arches and eccentric ground plan are close to traditional Indian palace architecture. The centrally domed office structure has a deep platform connected to a train shed, and its outline provides the skeleton plan for building.

The terminus dome of dovetailed ribs, built without centering (framing for an arch), was a novel achievement of the era. The interior of the building was conceived as a series of large rooms with
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high ceilings. It is a utilitarian building and has had various changes required by the users, not always sympathetic. Its C-shaped plan is symmetrical on an east-west axis. All the sides of the building are given equal value in the design. It is crowned by a high central dome, which acts as the focal point. The dome is an octagonal ribbed structure with a colossal female figure symbolizing Progress, holding a torch pointing upwards in her right hand and a spoked wheel in her left. The side wings enclose the courtyard, which opens on to the street. The wings are anchored by monumental turrets at each of their four corners, which balance and frame the central dome.

The facades present the appearance of well-proportioned rows of windows and arches. The ornamentation in the form of statuary, bas-reliefs and friezes is exuberant yet well controlled. The columns of the entrance gates are crowned by figures of a lion (representing Great Britain) and a tiger (representing India). The main structure is built from a judicious blend of India sandstone and limestone, while high-quality Italian marble was used for the key decorative elements. The main interiors are also lavishly decorated: the ground floor of the North Wing, known as the Star Chamber, which is still the booking office, is embellished with Italian marble and polished Indian blue stone. The stone arches are covered with carved foliage and grotesques.

The VT was constructed using high level of engineering both in terms of railway engineering and civil engineering. It is one of the first and is considered as one of the finest products of the use of industrial revolution
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technology merged with revival of the Gothic Revival style In India . The centrally domed office structure has a 330 feet long platform connected to a 1,200 feet long train shed, and its outline provides the skeleton plan for building. VT's dome of dovetailed ribs, built without centering, was considered as a novel achievement of the era. The interior of the building was conceived as a series of large rooms with high ceilings.

It is a utilitarian building and has had various changes required by the users, not always sympathetic. It has a C-shaped plan which is symmetrical on an east-west axis. All the sides of the building are given equal value in the design. It is crowned by a high central dome, which acts as the focal point. The dome is an octagonal ribbed structure with a colossal female figure symbolizing Progress, holding a torch pointing upwards in her right hand and a spoked wheel in her left hand. The side wings enclose the courtyard, which opens on to the street.

34

The wings are anchored by monumental turrets at each of their four corners, which balance and frame the central dome. The faades present the appearance of well proportioned rows of windows and arches. The ornamentation in the form of statuary, bas-reliefs, and friezes is exuberant yet well controlled. The columns of the entrance gates are crowned by figures of a lion (representing Great Britain) and a tiger (representing India). The main structure is built from a blend of India sandstone and limestone, while high-quality Italian marble was used for the key decorative elements. The main interiors are also decorated: the ground floor of the North Wing, known as the Star Chamber, which is still used as the booking office, is embellished with Italian marble and polished Indian blue stone. The stone arches are covered with carved foliage and

grotesques.

Internally, the ceiling of the booking hall was originally painted blue, gold and strong red on a ground of rich blue with gold stars. Its walls were lined with glazed tiles made by Maw & Co of Britain. Outside, there are statues representing Commerce, Agriculture, Engineering and Science, with a statue representing Progress on the central dome of the station.A statue of Queen Victoria beneath the central dome has been removed.

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CST has 18 platforms - 7 are for locals trains and 11 are for long distance.Rumours persist that the design for Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus in Mumbai was originally designated for Flinders Street Station. However, no convincing evidence, other than architectural similarities to other buildings in their respective cities, has been produced to support rumour Plans are underway to upgrade Mumbai CST

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2.4 DEPARTMENTS

Central Railway in all has 16 Departments to carry out its working. All these Departments are equally responsible for the success of Central Railways. The 16 departments are as follows : Accounts Department Administration Department Commercial Department Electrical Department Engineering Department I.T Department Mechanical Department Medical Department Operating Department Personnel department Public Relations Department Signal & Telacom Department Safety Department Security Department Stores Department
Vigilance Department

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2.4.1 Account Department

The Finance & Accounts department in the Railways plays an Integral Role in rendering timely financial advices, proper maintenance of accounts of the Railway in terms of earnings and expenditure and providing in time management information, reporting for decision making. The Functions of the Accounts Department may be categorized broadly as follows; 1. Proper Budgeting of earnings and expenditure, pertaining to Rail operations. 2. Keeping the Accounts and compilation thereof at the end of each financial period according to well established procedures and formats. 3. Internal check of all transactions, both receipts and expenditure. 4. Scrutiny of investment proposals 5. MIS Reporting. Dec 09 Pass. OCH Goods Sundry Gross Traffic Earnings 1987 208 2434 87 4716 Dec 10 2155 232 2590 126 5103

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2.4.2 Administration Department

The majestic building was designed by Frederick William Stevens, an Architect in Public Works Department after GIP Directors failed to obtain suitable designs from England The same architect also designed the Bombay Municipal Buildings on the other side of the road and the administrative office of the Bombay, Baroda & Central India Railway now Western Railway.

In the execution of his designs, F W Stevens was ably assisted by Sitaram Khanderao Vaidya, Asstt. Engineer and M M Janardan Supervisor. One of the finest station buildings of the world and architecturally one of the most splendid and magnificent late Italian Medieval Gothic edifices. Designed with a frontage of over 1500 feet on the main road, Victoria Terminus (renamed as CST), displays exquisite ornamentation and embellishment on the faade and the beautifully executed panels, dados & friezes adorning the walls and the many loggias, buttresses, arches and windows complement the magnificent exteriors. One of the oldest and the most popular landmarks of Mumbai City which attracts large number of tourists, researchers, historians and scholars. This building functions as administrative Head Quarter of Central Railway.

Heritage GalleryHeritage Gallery' was opened on 29th Jan 2010 within the heritage building for displaying priceless photographs and documents from the Archives, photographs of synergic growth of Railways and Mumbai, besides Steam and other engine models.
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2.4.3 Commercial Department

The commercial department provides with Vital Commercial Information like Passenger information system Passenger amenities on central railway Catering services Printing of advertisement on public timetable

The commercial department also takes care of Freight Information like

1) 5 New trains have been introduced.

2745/2746 LTT-Puri-LTT weekly superfast, 2131/2132 DR-Sainagar Shirdi-DR superfast, 2221/2222 Pune- Howrah Duronto express, 2519/2530 Pune-Ernakulam-Pune biweekly, 15611/15612LTT-Kamakhya-LTTunreservedweekly Karambhoomi express

2) 31 trains have been permanently augmented with all Category of coaches.

3) 3182 additional coaches were attached as Temporary Augmentation day-to-day resulting additional revenue of Rs.1093.77 lakh through PPM.

4) 219 UTS have been installed by replacing SPT machines.

5) 5 Digit Train Numbers have been introduced on Central Railway.

6) 543 Static Category Units, 72 Milk Stalls and 23 Pantry Cars have been taken over by Central Railwayfrom IRCTC. Rest will be taken in due course of time.

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7) Introduced Complaint Management System and also activated Complaint Management portal.

8) Innovated facilitation of Ticket Vending through ATVM, facilitators (serving/retired employee).

9) Tendering process is on for Leasing Millennium Parcel Special trains in four routs, which will give additional revenue of 76.37 crore annually.

10) Tenders are also in completion stage for leasing of 37 AGC and 49 SLRs on Mumbai division.

11) 11 PRS Counter have been commissioned in Post Offices.

12) Ever best Ticket Checking Central Railway has surpassed the target fetching 49.16 crore against 38.43 crore.

13) 49 JTBS has been appointed.

14) Central Railway has achieved 75% of total freight revenue through E-payment, which 90% of potentiality.

OTHER FUNCTIONS ARE : TOURIST TICKETS RAILWAY ENQUIRY SMS FACILITY AUTOMATIC TICKET VENDING MACHINE [ATVM] SMART CARD LIST OF FREIGHT TERMINALS

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2.4.4 Electrical Department

Electrical department looks after the planning , operation & maintenance of the all Electrical assets of Central Railway, various assets include Locomotives , Electrical Multiple Unit, Traction & distribution, Train lighting, air conditioning and general electrical services. Nominated maintenance schedules are given to all the electrical assets at various maintenance depots and workshop. Electrical department is also co- ordination with Railway Board, RDSO and various production units, regarding their requirement and following various policies issued by them. Electrical department also maintain liaison with other department in Central Railway for necessary co- ordination.

Role of Chief Electrical Engineer

Chief Electrical Engineer is the technical & administrative head of the Electrical Department in Central Railway. He looks after all the activities of planning, maintenance & operation of the all Electrical assets with the assistance of other head of the department and officers posted in divisions and workshops. He also acts as Electrical inspector of Central Railway and his personal approval is obtained before enersisation of any Electrical assets in Central Railway.

This department also looks after

1. Loco sheds 2. Trip sheds 3. Tmw workshop 4. Car sheds 5. Traction and distribution

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2.4.5 Engineering Department

The Civil Engineering department of Indian Railways is managed by engineers of IRSE. These engineers are responsible for maintenance of all fixed assets of Indian Railways, i.e. Track, Bridges, Buildings, Roads, Water supply etc. These fixed assets are 45% of total assets of Indian Railway. In addition to maintenance of existing assets, IRSE engineers are responsible for construction of new assets such as New lines, Gauge conversion, doubling and other expansion and developmental works in Railways.

Recruitment to service is done on the basis of an all India "Engineering Services" examination conducted by UPSC every year in June. Number of new recruits varies over year. Presently, intake is about 25 to 30 probationers per year. Normally top position holders in Engineering service Exams opt for IRSE.

An aspirant should be a civil Engineering graduate from any recognized university of India. After Recruitment, the probationer is given 18 months' intensive training in various Railways establishments under the guidance of Indian Railway Institute of Civil Engineers, Pune. The training includes 3 months capsule course at IIMS.

A young probationer is posted as assistant divisional engineer after 18 months of training and can rise up to add. member (ADD. secretary gov. of India )/Member(secretary of gov. of India)/Chairman Railway Board, a post equivalent to secretary of Govt of India. In normal course, all the IRSE officers rise up to minimum level of Additional General Manager or
43

Principal chief engineer or Chief Administrative officer (construction) rank in railways which is equivalent to add. secretary gov. of India.

Railway service is very demanding and it needs sincerity, dedication and hard work. Railway Engineer is on duty 24 hours a day, 365 days a year.

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2.4.6 I.T Department

The Central Railway Information Technology Centre previously known as EDP Centre was formed on 18th Nov 1967 with the installation of IBM-1401 Computer System based on AUTOCODER programming. Later all the applications were converted to COBOL, using ICIM-2904 mainframe computer which used replaceable Hard disks and Spool Tape reader, which was later replaced with more advanced Mainframe computers.

At present all COBOL applications are processed on UNIX based HCL-HP 9000 with 2 E-45 servers and DATACAP/ Data-capture software of Dataflex Company was installed on 29th March 1996. Till date, majority of data entry work of IT Centre is done in DATACAP software. All applications were completely switched over to the new system w.e.f. 01st Aug 1996.

At the IT Centre, centralized processing of applications like AFRES (account branch major application), PRIME (pay roll & related applications), MMIS (Material Management information system for Stores department), Traffic Management (traffic accounting) and many web based applications developed in-house at the centre. Arrange quality IT services for activities within its purview to the user departments and to provide innovative assistance and leadership in IT matters in the achievement of organization's goals and objectives.

Trainning & Technical Guidance

IT centre is arranging training to the staff & officers of the railway on various IT modules. The necessary technical guidance is provided regarding Latest PC, printers, Scanners Servers and various software.

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The technical clearance for Proposals for PC, Scanners, printers, servers etc for other departments is also given

Future Planning

1. Enhanced Training Programme for more effective and useful training. 2. Conversion of Traffic application from existing COBOL to ORACLE-D2K. 3. Development of IT Center website by adding more information pages to make it more useful & interactive. 4. Migration of AFRES/PRIME application to new technology with user friendly. 5. More interactive web based applications for Vendors, Indentors & other users. 6. On line registration of Non Stock Demand. 7. Non-Stock Demands Bill Payment Status.

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2.4.7 Mechanical Department

Mechanical Department is primarily responsible for

Maintenance of Rolling Stock (Diesel Locomotives, Coaches & Wagons). The fitness to run them for Transporting Railway Traffic, both Passenger & Goods, is given by the department.

The department is also responsible for maintenance and functioning of "Accident Relief Train" equipment including Railway Cranes.

It co-ordinates planned expenditure on Machine & Plants procurement, Rolling Stock and Capital Spares Procurement and Workshop infrastructure on Central Railway.

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2.4.8 Medical Department

Aims & Objectives
The Medical Department of Central Railway provides comprehensive health care to its employees both serving and retired and their families.

Provision

of

Curative,

Preventive,

Promotive

and

Rehabilitative Health Services to Railway beneficiaries.

Occupational health services, including pre-employment and in-service periodical Medical examinations, examination under Workmen's Compensation Act, monitoring of safety environment of workshops etc.

Medical relief during Railway Accidents. Emergency Medical assistance to Railway passengers who take ill during their journey. Enforcement of Prevention of Food Adulteration Act within Railway premises. Monitoring of quality of drinking water in Railway Stations and Railway Colonies. Surface sanitation at certain Railway Colonies and at some nominated Railway Stations.

Reproductive and Child Health Services including Family Welfare and immunization of vulnerable groups.

Implementation of National Health Programmes.

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2.4.9 Operating Department

Operating department of the Corporation functions in two tier system:(i) Corporate Office level, (ii) Regional level. While the train operations are controlled from corporate office through control office, the field work is done at the regional level. The areas of Operating Department can be classified as below:

I Freight Operations:-

1. Running of freight trains. 2. Loading of goods. 3. Unloading of goods. 4. Terminal management. 5. Crew management. 6. Granting traffic blocks, movement of material trains for track & assets maintenance.

II Passenger Operations:-

1. Running of Mail/Express, Passenger trains 2. Time tabling of Mail/Express, Passenger trains 3. Initiating proposals for introduction of new trains, increase in frequency, extension of trains etc. 4. Processing halt proposals. 5. Augmentation of trains with coaches 6. Running of Holiday Specials.
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7. Replies to passenger demands. 8. Accident management. III Planning:1. Planning Traffic facility works 2. .2. Planning of Infrastructure & Throughput enhancement works for meeting additional traffic requirement.

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2.5.10 Personnel Department

Personnel department follows a specific procedure for recruitment and training of its employees 1. Job analysis 2. Advertisement 3. Preliminary interview 4. Selection test 5. Selection interview 6. Physical/Medical examination 7. Final interview.

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2.5.11 Public Relations Department

Public Relations department disseminates the public policy and information about railways to people in general and mass media is particular. Various activities are under taken by PR department to reach the public. These include press releases, press conferences, books, banners, posters, photos, advertisements, Audio Visual publicity, Cinema slides, Heritage gallery, sms campaigns, websites etc. Functions of PR Dept

1.Dissemination of timely and accurate information about Railways to public 2.Preparation & issue of Press Releases, News features & Special articles to various newspapers regarding regular activities and achievements of Western Railway in various fields. 3.Release of information on social awareness issues through advertisements, radio jingles, etc 4.Event Management Holding various functions, celebration events, etc. 5.Exhibition : Holding Exhibitions showcasing the railways on different occasions. 6.Heritage archiving and preservation 7.Management of Western Railway website 8.Publications : PR department also undertakes conceptualization, designing printing of various publications such as In-house magazines, Brochures, Books etc. 9.Release of Tender Advts received from various departments to DAVP approved publications as per Railway Boards directives.
\

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2.5.12 Signal & Telecom

Role of the Signalling & Telecommunication department in Train Operations

Signalling Systems for Safe and smooth train operations. Optimum utilization of line capacity. Train Warning and Protection systems (AWS)

Telecommunications

Providing telecommunication

infrastructure for :

Control Communication for Efficient operation of trains. Passenger Reservation System (PRS) Unreserved Ticketing System (UTS) Freight Operation Information System (FOIS) Crew Management System (CMS) Coaching Operating Information System (COIS) Management of Railways Information Network (RAILNET) Railways telephones, networked with all India Railway network.

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Passenger Amenities
Signal & Telecom Department provides various passengers amenities for the benefit of traveling public:

Public Address System is provided at various stations to announce the arrival & departure of trains and other information required by traveling passengers. This facility is available at 167 stations on this Railway. Train Arrival Departure Information is provided through Rail Sampark Centralized Service 139. Train Indication Boards are provided for indicating the train timing and platform numbers at 103 important Railway stations. Coach Indication Boards are provided for indicating the coach position of the train on the platform at 42 important Railway stations. BSNL Telephones have been provided at 410 Railway stations.

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Passenger Information Systems

Signal & Telecom Department provides various passengers amenities for the benefit of travelling public like:

Train Indicator Systems Train Indication Boards (282 nos) have been provided at 75 stations to display Arrival & departure position of Trains. All are modified to display 5 digit Train numbers.

Full name destination graphical display boards : : Suburban Train Indicators at 19 stations in Mumbai division have been replaced with Graphical type display boards (317 nos) showing full name of destination & halting stations.

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Advance

Train

Indicator

system :

Provided at various stations on Suburban Stations giving details of following suburban trains.

Coach Guidance Indicator System: Total 2484 Nos. Coach indicator Boards have been provided at 75 station of C.Rly. All are modified to display 5 digit train Nos. Coach Guidance Indicators are provided at Station Entrances.

Platforms

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Digitalclock 75 GPS based Digital clocks showing correct and accurate time have been commissioned at 49 stations in Pune division.

LED Fare display systems are provided at PRS/UTS counters

CCTV surveillance systems have been provided at important stations

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2.5.13 Safety Department

SAFETY 1ST AND ALL THE TIME-24/7 ZERO ACCIDENTS. 100% SAFETY INSPECTIONS. 100% SAFETY EQUIPMENTS AS PRESCRIBED AT ALL STATIONS. 100% SAFETY EQUIPMENTS WITH DRIVERS & GUARDS. 100% SAFETY PRECAUTIONS WHILE WORKING AT SITE.

Slogans

THE BEST SAFETY DEVICE IS A CAREFUL MAN. MAKE SAFE WORKING A DAILY HABIT. ALWAYS ALERT - ACCIDENT AVERT. LIFE IS PRECIOUS - BE SAFETY CONSCIOUS. ACCIDENT HAPPENS WHERE SAFETY ENDS. A MINOR OMMISSION SPELLS A MAJOR DISASTER. A LEVER COLLAR BUTTON CAP ON, WILL SAVE A COLLSION. ALWAYS VIGILANT - SAFE WORKING. PROPER SCHEDULE MAINTENANCE- SAFE EQUIPMENTS WORKNG. SCHEDULE INSPECTIONS - SAFE EQUIPMENTS FUNCTIONING.

Disaster Preparedness:
1. C.Rly has five A-Class ARTs (with 140 Tonne break down cranes) and six B-Class ARTs with MFD/Lucas re-railing equipments. 2. Besides, there are 6 Road Mobile ARTs. 3. There are 11 ARME Scale 1, 2 of which are self propelled (KYN & NGP). 4. There are 14 ARME Scale II.

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5. The details of locations of ART/ARMes target time for turning them out, and inspection schedule/.Mock Drills are given in Zonal Disaster Management Plan 2010. 6. Mock Drills of ART/ARMEs are being carried out regularly. 7. The Disaster Management Act 2005 has widened the definition of disaster by including all those unfortunate events, which require co-ordination and the assistance from outside Railway also. 8. C.Rly. has tied up with NDRF Battalion, Talegaon (near Pune).Their capabilities include dealing with following kinds of disasters; I. Radiological disasters

II. Chemical & Biological disasters III. Floods IV. Earthquakes V. Building collapse, etc. 9. NDRF have 78 inflatable boats, and well trained deep divers, which can be of great help in case of train accidents, involving a river or a lake, etc. 10. C.Rly has recently got 54 ART personnel (5 Officers and 49 staff) trained for 2-weeks (06.12.2010 17.12.2010) at NDRF, Talegaon.The staff were drawn from Mechanical, Electrical, Engineering and Medical Departments, working on ART/ARMEs from all 5 Divisions.

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2.5.14 Security Department

Protect and safeguard Railway passengers, passengers area and Railway property. Ensure the safety, security and boost the confidence of the traveling public in the Indian Railways.Mission-Statement OBJECTIVES

Carry on unrelenting fight against criminals in protecting Railway passengers, passenger area and Railway property. Facilitate passenger-travel and security by removing all anti-social elements from trains, Railway premises and passenger area. Remain vigilant to prevent trafficking in women and children and take appropriate action to rehabilitate destitute children found in Railway areas. Co-operate with other departments of the Railways in improving the efficiency and image of the Indian Railways. Act as bridge between the Government Railway Police/Local Police and the Railway administration. Adopt proactively all modern technology, best human rights practices,management techniques and special measures for protection of female and elderly passengers and children,in the pursuit of these objectives.

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61

2.5.15 Stores Department

1. Organization: Organization on Central Railway encompasses a Purchase Office, Non purchase Units and Sales section in the Headquarter. There are 21 Depots spread over entire Railway for storage, custody and distribution of various items. Besides this, Divisional store organization is associated with each Divisional Head Quarter. 2. Head Quarter Unit: Headquarter Office is responsible for over all control and specifically deals with Purchase and Sales functions along with Inventory Control and General Administration. Headquarter Unit includes a Scrap Sale Monitoring Unit A team of 3 SAG officers assists Controller of Stores, 11 JAG, 13 senior scale and 7 junior scale officers is discharging Materials Management functions at HQ. 3. Depot Central Railway holds about 17,000 unique stock items fewer than 50,000 PL Accounts (headings) in various depots (one unique item may have PL accounts in more than 1 depot). Some depots are attached to Diesel and Electric Loco Sheds. Rest of the Depots are attached to Workshops. These also cater to requirements of nominated divisions. Curry Road Depot is a general stores depot, which is not attached to any workshop or shed, but serves the Divisional Indentors. Hajibunder depot is an exclusive Scrap depot. 4..Divisional Set-up: Divisional Controller of stores heads the Divisional Stores Units and assists DRM on stores matters.

62

Divisional Controller of stores officers attends to procurement of Petty non-stock items, stock materials during emergencies and also monitor scrap mobilization and supply of uniforms on the Divisions. Divisional Controller of stores is an interface between the Divisional set up and rest of the Units of Stores Department. 5. Uniforms: Central Railway is also fabricating Uniforms and supplying to employees of Central Railways from Curry Road Depot. We have our own Cloth Cutting factory at this Depot.

6. Printing Press: Stores Department of Central Railway is operating a Printing Press situated at Byculla. This Printing Press caters the requirement of stock & non-stock books, forms and stationery items to Railway Board, Headquarters as well as all the Divisions of Central Railway. Card tickets, timetables including money-value forms are printed in this press.

2.5.16 Vigilance Department

The vigilance department helps in issuing various magazines on central railway about its working and structure.

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CHAPTER 3
o MUMBAI DIVISION OVERVIEW RECENT MILESTONE/DEVELOPMENT PASSENGER AMENITIES SYSTEM MAP o TOURIST SECTION o ACCIDENTS IN INDIAN RAILWAYS

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3.1 Divisions of Central Railways

It is organized into five divisions: Mumbai CST, Bhusawal, Nagpur, Solapur and Pune. The details of the network divisionwise are as follows

Central Railway Headquarters at CST.

Mumbai Division

Mumbai CST-Dadar-Kurla

Mumbai CST Wadala Road- Kurla (Harbour Line)

Wadala Kings Circle Mahin Jn Bandra (Harbour Line)

Kurla Trombay(Goods) Kurla Mankhud Vashi Nerul Belapur Panvel

Sanpada Airoli Thane Nerul Airoli Thane

Kurla-Thane-Diva Jn- Kalyan

Diva Jn-Panvel-Roha

Panvel-Jasai-Uran

Jasai-JNPT

Diva Jn- Vasai Road

Kalyan Jn-Kasara-Igatpuri (Inclusive) Kalyan Jn-Neral Jn-Karjat Jn-Lonavala (Inclusive)

Neral Jn Matheran (Narrow Gauge) Karjat Jn-Panvel

65

Karjat Jn-Khopoli

Nagpur Division

Badnera Jn(Exclude)- Pulgaon Jn Wardha Jn Butibori Jn-Nagpur Jn

Pulgaon Jn-Arvi (Narrow Gauge) Butobori Jn Umrer

Wardha Jn- Majri Jn Tadali Jn Chandrapur-Ballarshah Jn(Include)

Majri Jn Wani Jn Rajur

Wani Jn Pimpalkutti

Tadali Jn Ghugus Ballarshah Jn Chanda Fort

Nagpur-Amla Jn-Itarsi Jn(exclude)

Amla Junction-Chhindwara(exclude)

Solapur Division

Manmad(exclude)-Ahmednagar-Daund Jn Daund Jn Solapur Miraj Jn(exclude) Kurudwadi Jn- Pandharpur Latur Latur Road Solapur Hotgi Jn Gulburga Wadi Jn (Include)

Pune Division

Lonavala (exclude)-Pune Jn-Daund Jn(exclude) Pune Jn Satara Sangli Miraj Jn Kolhapur Daund Jn Baramati
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Lonand Jn Phaltan

Bhusawal Division
Bhusawal-Khandwa line

Bhusawal Jn-Burhanpur-Khandwa Jn(Include) Enroute station details- Bhusawal Jn - Duskheda - Savda - Nimbhora - Raver - Wghoda. Burhanpur - Asirgarh Road - Chandni - Nepa Nagar - Mandwa - Saglhata - Dongargaon Kohdad - bagmar - Badegaon Gujar - Khandwa Jn

Bhusawal-Badnera line

Bhusawal Jn-Jalamb Jn-Akola Jn-Murtajapur Jn-Badnera Jn(Include) Enroute station details- Bhusawal Jn - Varangaon - Achegaon - Bodwad - Kolhadi. Khamkhed - Malkapur - Wadoda - Biswa Bridge - Kumgaon Burti - Nandura -Jalamb Jn Shegaon - Shrikshetra Nagzari - Paras - Gaigaon - Akola Jn - Yavalkhed - Borgaon Katepurna - Murtajapur Jn - Mana - Mandura. - Kurum - Takli -Badnera Jn

Jalamb Jn-Khamgaon Enroute station details- Jalamb Jn - Khamgaon Murtajapur Jn-Yavatmal(Narrow Gauge) Enroute station details- Murtajapur Jn - Murtajapur Town - Kinkhed - Vilegaon. Bhadsivni - Pohe - Karanja - Karanja Town - Somthan - Sangwi. - Warudkhed -Darwa Motibagh - Tapana - Ladkhed - Ling - Lasina - Yavatmal

Murtajapur Jn-Achalpur (Narrow Gauge) Enroute station details- Murtajapur Jn - Lakhpuri - Banosa - Lehgaon - Kokalda Kapustalni - Anjangaon - Pathrot - Khusta Buzurg - Chamak - Nowbagh - Achalpur

Badnera Jn-Amravati Enroute station details- Badnera Jn - Amravati

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Mumbai Division 3.1.1 Overview

The story of the Railways on the Indian subcontinent started on 16th April, 1853, when the first train steamed out of Boribunder on way to Thane on the present Mumbai Division of Central Railway. The Division also holds the distinction of running the first electric train on Indian Railways on 3rd February, 1925 (on Harbour Line). Starting from the Boribunder - Thane Section, the Railway net spread far and wide. In about a decade time, the route upto Pune was opened for traffic. By 1865 the services on Mumbai- Igatpuri had also commenced. The quadrupling of lines between Victoria Terminus [now re-christened as Chatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST)] and Kalyan commenced in 1905 and was completed by 1917. The Victoria Terminus Kurla, Harbour Branch line was electrified on 03.02.1925 with 1500 Volts DC. The entire Main line route (upto Pune and Igatpuri) were electrified by 1930 on 1500 Volts DC. The 1500 Volts DC Traction Section of Vasai-Panvel-Jasai was converted into 25 kV AC Traction on 29.10.2003, North East section of Kasara - Titwala and Kalyan - Titwala were converted into 25 kV AC Traction on 12.11.2006 & 03.05.2009 respectively. The South East section of Vangani - Lonavla and Kalyan - Vangani were converted into 25 kV ac traction system on 02.05.2010 & 24.10.2010 respectively

All the developments mentioned above were originating from CST, the line from Diwa to Panvel was opened for Passenger traffic in 1964. This was further extended upto Roha during the early 80s, which in turn opened into the Konkan Railway Systems. The line between Diwa and Vasai Road was also commissioned in 1983-84.

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A new suburban double line section from Vashi to Thane (18.60 Kms) was commissioned for Commuter traffic on 9th November, 2004. A new Route from Thane to Nerul / Panvel (4.68 Kms) was commissioned for Commuter Traffic on 10.01.2009 Mumbai Division has 564.43 Kms Route Kilometers which includes 20.29 RKM of Narrow Gauge (Neral - Matheran Section) The Division falls in the jurisdiction of Maharashtra State, serving civil Districts of Greater Mumbai, Thane, Raigad, Pune and Nasik. The Division serves the commercial, financial and industrial capital of the country viz Mumbai. The suburban system of Mumbai is the life - line of the city. All Mail Express and Freight trains from North East and South East directions have to negotiate steep 1 in 37 gradients of Thal ghat and Bhor ghat respectively. In addition to the above, Mumbai Division is also running the Narrow guage trains between Neral and Matheran a Hill station, also known as Matheran Light Railway, since 1907. This is a very popular tourist attraction.

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3.1.2 Recent Milestone/Developments

a) 2010 Lonavla-Vangani section switched over from 1500 volts DC to 25 kV AC traction system on 02.05.2010. b) 2010 Air-conditioning of Suburban Motormen & Guards Lobby at CSTM on 31.05.2010. c) 2010 New Booking Office at Parel (East) opened on 13.05.2010. d) 2010 Electric Loco Shed, Kalyan charged with 25 kV AC supply on 07.06.2010. e) 2010 Suburban Platforms No.1 & 4 at Panvel opened for Suburban train operations on 29.07.2010. f) 2010 55, additional 12-car services per day introduced on 15.08.2010. 12-car services increased from 577 to 621 per day. g) 2010 2133/2134 Mumbai-Karwar Express extended upto Mangalore Junction from 16.08.2010. h) 2010 New train 2131/2132 Dadar-Shirdi Express (tri-weekly) introduced from 28.08.2010. i) 2010 Vikhroli-Thane 5th & 6th line opened to Goods Traffic on 15.10.2010. j) 2010 50, 9-car services augmented into 12-Car services and 3 New services introduced w.e.f. 21.10.2010. Total number of Suburban services per day increased from 1,556 to 1,559. 12-car services increased from 621 to 671. On main line on Sunday/holidays all services running with 12 car rakes w.e.f. 24.10.2010. k) 2010 Augmentation of 9-Car rake of K-30 Ladies Special into 12-Car rake running between Kalyan and CSTM during the morning peak w.e.f. 01.12.2010. The number of 12-Car services on Main line increased from 671 to 681 per day. l) 2010 For the first time 12-Car services introduced on Trans-harbour line section and 14 additional Shuttle services introduced
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between Vadala road and Navi-Mumbai w.e.f. 21.12.2010. Total number of Suburban services per day increased from 1,559 to 1573. 12-Car services from 681 to 809. m) 2011 New train 12563 LTT-ALD (Weekly) introduced w.e.f. 26.01.2011. n) 2011 New train 12143 LTT-SLN (Weekly) introduced w.e.f. 26.01.2011. o) 2011 New train 12171 LTT-HWH (Bi-weekly) introduced w.e.f. 31.01.2011.

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3.1.3 Passenger Amenities

NEW BOOKING OFFICES:

ii)New UTS cum PRS Location has been opened at Vikhroli (towards Kalyan end FOB) with 1 counter in one shift on

24.06.2010, thereby now there are 42 PRS locations over

Mumbai Division.

iii)Renovated Booking Office on Platform No. 6 at Dadar opened on 09.07.2010.

iv)New PRS have been opened in Sion and Mumbai GPOs by Honble MP, Shri Gurudas Kamat on 21.09.2010. Thus, there are 7 PRS locations provided in GPOs over Mumbai Division.

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v)New booking office with 4 counters constructed near middle FOB at west side of Dombivali opened during September, 2010

vi)One additional UTS window has been opened and one additional CVM has been provided at Khopoli. One additional UTS window at Nerul (W) has been opened. vii)New PRS Window: A 2nd PRS window at Mumbra has been opened in two shifts w.e.f. 24.11.2010. Thus there are now 166 nos of PRS windows in Mumbai Division. viii) 2 Additional UTS Windows have been provided at PNVL w.e.f. 13.11.2010 to clear extra rush, thus there are presently 419 UTS windows in Mumbai Division.

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Improvement FOBs

to

i.The staircase steps of the FOBs at Ghatkopar

(Kalyan end, east-side), at Thane station (PF No. 4. Mumbai end of PF

No.5/6 and 3/4), Bhandup, Vikhroli, Chembur end) improved providing anti-skid tiles. Kalva and (Vashi by

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3.1.4 System Map

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3.2 Tourist Section

Central railways offers special tourist and holiday packages. It has also introduced special tourist trains to visit famous tourist spots. These special tourist trains are specially started during vacations and new years. Also the package offered by them is very economical. SPECIAL TOURIST TRAINS ARE FOR :-

1. DAKSHIN BHARAT DARSHAN Description:

"Bharat Darshan Special Tourist Train", one of the most affordable all inclusive tour package, covering all the important tourist places in the country. Booking of Bharat Darshan Special Tourist Trains is available online on our website. Booking can also be done through our Tourist Facilitation Center, Zonal Offices and Regional Offices.

Route :- SIMHACHALAM - ANNAVARAM - VASAVI KANNIKA-PARAMESHWARI BHADRACHALAM - HYDERABAD - VIJAYAWADA KANAGADURGA

Itinerary Dated :- 24.06.2012 to 30.06.2012

Package Tariff:- Rs 3610/- (including Service Tax)

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2. BHARAT DARSHAN Description:

"Bharat Darshan Special Tourist Train", one of the most affordable all inclusive tour package, covering all the important tourist places in the country. Booking of Bharat Darshan Special Tourist Trains is available online on our website. Booking can also be done through our Tourist Facilitation Center, Zonal Offices and Regional Offices. Route :- Hyderabad Haridwar - Varanasi Gaya Puri - Konark

Itinerary Dated :- 27.08.2012 to 10.09.2012

Package Tariff :- Rs 7731/- (including Service Tax)

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3. DAKSHIN DARSHAN VIA LUCKNOW Description:

"Bharat Darshan Special Tourist Train", one of the most affordable all inclusive tour package, covering all the important tourist places in the country. Booking of Bharat Darshan Special Tourist Trains is available online on our website. Booking can also be done through our Tourist Facilitation Center, Zonal Offices and Regional Offices.

Route :- Delhi Safdurjung - Moradabad - Bareilly - Shahjahanpur - Hardoi - Lucknow - Kanpur - Jhansi -Bhopal -Manmad - Tirupati - Madurai - Rameshwaram - Kanyakumari and back to Delhi Safdurjung via Bhopal

Itinerary Dated :- 09/09//2012 to 20/09/2012

Package Tariff :- Rs 6192/- (Including Service Tax)

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4, CHARDHAM YATRA Description:

IRCTC Regional Office, Bhopal offers Chardham Yatra, one of the most affordable all inclusive tour package, covering the most important religious sites that every Hindu wish to visit at least once in the life time, by the Bharat Darshan special tourist train. Tour will cover Badrinath, Dwarka, Rameshwaram and puri with added visit of Haridwar and Tirupati Balaji.

Route :- Jabalpur - Bhopal - Haridwar - Badrinath - Dwarka -Tirupati - Rameshwaram - Puri Itarasi - Jabalpur.

Itinerary Dated :- 30/08/12 to 16/09/12

Package Tariff :- Rs 9278/- (Including Service Tax)

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3.3 Accidents In Indian Railways

1. 29 October 2005 : Repalle Secunderabad delta passenger derailed at Valigonda in Nalgonda district of Andhra pradesh. Some of the rakes fell in the Musi River killing at least 890 persons. This was due to severe rain. 2. 21 October 2009 21 people died and several others injured when locomotive of Goa Express rammed the rearmost carriage of stationary Mewar Express near Mathura,Uttar Pradesh. Initially the railways officials held the driver responsible for overlooking the signal but in the investigation it was proved that the signal was given green even though Mewar express was held up ahead due to chain pulling by passengers. 3. January 2010 Three accidents involving five trains took place in Uttar Pradesh due to dense fog conditions.

The first accident took place near the town of Etawah, about 170 miles (270 kilometers) southwest of Lucknow, the capital of Uttar Pradesh state, when the Lichchavi Express entering the station rammed into the stationery Magadh Express train stopped there. Ten people, including the driver of one of the trains, were injured.

In a second similar Gorakhdham Express and Prayagraj Express collided near the Panki railway station in Kanpur, about 60 miles (100 kilometers) southwest ofLucknow, and left five people dead and about 40 others injured.

Another accident has been reported from Pratapgarh, 61 km from Allahabad. The Sarayu Express broke into a tractor trolley at an unmanned railway crossing leading to the accident. Though nobody is injured following the incident, the engine of the train is severely damaged. 4. 25 May 2010 A Rajdhani Express train travelling from Delhi to Guwahati derailed in Naugachia, Bihar at IST 6:40 am (UTC+5:30).[22] All passengers survived and 11 sustained minor injuries.[23] The train derailed as the driver applied emergency brakes after listening to a loud explosion nearby. Currently,
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no Maoists link is being indicated. There were no casualties reported as the coaches did not fall off the tracks. All passengers were taken from the train. The injured were treated by the medical officials present on the spot.The derailment halted all railway traffic in the DelhiGuwahati line. While five passenger trains, including the TatanagarChapra Express, have been cancelled, at least three express trains have been diverted. These include the Awadh Assam Express, Mahananda Express and the BarmerGuwahati Express.[24] A special 17-coach train was sent to take the 986 passengers on board the derailed train to their destinations. 5. 19 July 2010 Sainthia train collision occurred in Sainthia, West Bengal, India, when the Uttar Banga Express collided with the Vananchal Express. Casualties stand at 63 people dead[28] and more than 165 people injured, with many still trapped in wreckage.

6. 4 October 2010 A goods train heading from Lucknow to Moradabad, derailed near Rasoiya station in Uttar Pradesh's Bareilly district, some 200 km from Lucknow derailed. Rail traffic on the busy Delhi-Lucknow route was disrupted. Two wagons of the train derailed and damaged the railway tracks. This affected movement of several long and short distance trains. No casualty was reported. 7. July 7, 2011 A Mathura Chhapr a Express train rams into a bus carrying wedding guests around 2 a.m. at an unmanned railway crossing in Thanagaon, Kansh iram
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Nagardistrict, Uttar Pradesh, killing 38 and injuring 30.

8. November 22, 2011 - Howrah-Dehradun express train caught fire- 7 burnt to death. It was around 2.30am when coach number B1 of the Dehradun-bound train caught fire. Later, the fire spread to coach B2. Both coaches were badly burnt, but all the casualties were from B1.

9. March 26, 2012 - A loco pilot of a Mainline Electric Multiple Unit (MEMU) train and a truck driver were killed when the speeding passenger train rammed into a boulderferrying truck at the Kannamangala gate on the outskirts of Bangalore.

10. 30 July 2012 - One of the coaches of the Chennai-bound Tamil Nadu Express (New Delhi - Chennai) caught fire early on 30 July morning, near Nellore in Andhra Pradesh. 47 people have died and 25 others have been injured.

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CHAPTER 4
o PROBLEMS FACED BY COMMUTERS AND RAILWAYS o PASSENGER SERVICES o FUTURE PLANS

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4.1 Problems Faced By Commuters & Railways

There are number of problems faced by railways specially during the monsoon season. These problems not only affect the working of railways but also affect the commuters adversely in many ways. Some of the problems and their causes are as follows :-

1. Signal cabin fire hits Central Railway services (Wed 18 Apr, 2012)

Mumbai, April 18 (IANS) Millions of commuters on the Central Railway faced a harrowing time Wednesday as local trains ran late by around 40 minutes following a fire in a s)ignal cabin, a spokesperson said.

The fire gutted a signal cabin at Kurla station, affecting the electric and signal cabling network. The fire was brought under control a few hours later and there were no casualties. Consequently, suburban and long distance trains were hit severely since early morning. At least four incoming and outgoing outstation trains were cancelled, the official said.With indefinite delay in long-distance trains, holiday plans of thousands of people went haywire, leading to frayed temperatures at CST, Dadar, Kurla, Thane, and other important stations.

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2. Rain switches off power, throws railway out of gear in Mumbai (Jul 3, 2012,) Four days after suppliers promised the state advisory committee on power to provide 24-hour electricity during monsoon, the city's four main supply lines collapsed around 7.55pm on Monday evening after a heavy spell of shower. Even as half the city plunged into darkness, rains created hurdles in operations on Central Railway's main as well as Harbour lines, leaving thousands of homeward-bound Mumbaikars stranded. The showers also rained reports of waterlogged roads and uprooted trees. 3. Commuters fume as Central Railway trains go off track (Jul 4,2012)

Passengers on the Harbour and Main lines of Central Railway (CR) are angry as train schedules get disrupted every time there is a smart shower in Mumbai. In less than a week, commuters had to bear the hardship on two occasions as trains ran late by nearly an hour. The first instance was on June 28, when trains on the Main line were off schedule by an hour, while Harbour line saw it running later by 20 minutes. Again on July 2, Harbour services were paralyzed, with no announcements and blank indicators at CST around 9 pm and trains running nearly 30 minutes late. The Main line trains were also delayed by 15-20 minutes. 4. Central Railway in chaos after crane crash (May 21,2012) Harbour line commuters had another harrowing day on Sunday after train services on the sector came to a halt.

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On Sunday at 1.20pm, the work on dismantling an old foot overbridge at Mankhurd was underway when the crane placed on a rail bogie, unable to take the weight of one of the girders, toppled. The crane crashed and the wagon carrying it also derailed. The failure of Central Railway administration to alert BEST and other modes of public transport after the mishap, led to hordes of commuters spilling on to the streets at Kurla station east, jamming roads and bus stops.

5.Terrorist Attack At C.S.T

The 2008 Mumbai attacks were 11 coordinated shooting and bombing attacks across Mumba i, India's largest city, by Islamist terrorists[ who were trained and came from Pakistan. The attackers allegedly received reconnaissance assistance before the attacks. Ajmal Kasab, the only attacker who was captured alive later confessed upon interrogation that the attacks were conducted with the support of Pakistan's ISI. The attacks, which drew widespread global condemnation, began on Wednesday, 26 November and lasted until Saturday, 29 November 2008, killing 164 people and wounding at least 308. Eight of the attacks occurred in South Mumbai: at Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, the Oberoi Trident, the Taj Mahal Palace & Tower, Leopold Cafe, Cama Hospital (a women and children's hospital), the Nariman House Jewish community centre, the Metro Cinema, and a lane behind
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the Times of India building and St. Xavier's College. There was also an explosion at Mazagaon, in Mumbai's port area, and in a taxi at Vile Parle. By the early morning of 28 November, all sites except for the Taj hotel had been secured by Mumbai Police and security forces. On 29 November, India's National Security Guards (NSG) conducted Operation Black Tornado to flush out the remaining attackers; it resulted in the deaths of the last remaining attackers at the Taj hotel and ending all fighting in the attacks. The Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST) was attacked by two gunmen, one of whom, Ajmal Kasab, was later caught alive by the police and identified by eyewitnesses. The attacks began around 21:30 when the two men entered the passenger hall and opened fire, using AK-47 rifles . The attackers killed 58 people and injured 104 others, their assault ending at about 22:45. Security forces and emergency services arrived shortly afterwards. The two gunmen fled the scene and fired at pedestrians and police officers in the streets, killing eight police officers. The attackers passed a police station. Many of the outgunned police officers were afraid to confront the attackers, and instead switched off the lights and secured the gates.

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4.2 Passenger Services

The railways have been regularly, and progressively, doing their bit to improve the passenger amenities. On the trains we have seen introduction of special compartments for the physically challenged. Similarly, 'ladies special' trains, which are operated during the peak hours, are a boon to the working ladies. However, the scheme of providing reserved seats for the Senior Citizens is not as successful as one would like it to be. One of the biggest changes has come in the ticketing system. Commuters were earlier, often, faced with long serpentine queues for buying journey tickets, particularly on holidays. The introduction of Coupons, which can be purchased in advance, and can be validated at Coupon Validation Machines (CVMs for short) has totally changed the scenario, for the better. The introduction of Coupons, which can be purchased in advance, and can be validated at Coupon Validation Machines (CVMs for short) has totally changed the scenario, for the better. This scheme was first started by Western Railway, and the Central Railway has bettered it - atleast with respect to the CVM. The machines installed on Central Railway are of the interactive type, using which the passenger can conveniently find out the fare between any two stations. Railways have done well to have a longer validity of the coupons. Earlier they would lapse on the 31st March of every year, while now they have been valid till 31st March 2005. While the CVMs have helped the casual travelers, there is help for the season ticket holders too. Thanks to computerization, it is now
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possible to purchase, at a third station, a season ticket between other two stations. For example, at Bandra, one can purchase a computerized season ticket between Andheri & Churchgate. This has indeed given tremendous flexibility to the commuters, while, helping the railways to reduce pre printed stationery. Another major change one can notice is with regard to the Train Indicator. Not very long ago, the 'Next Train' indicator used to be a clock-face with hands, operated manually, on the platform, by young boys, who seemed to remember the entire schedule by heart. The 'Destination' indicator used to be a triangular wedge-like horizontal piece, with three different destinations written on the three faces. One had to reach near these indicators to get the desired information. Then came the electronic indicators, which offer large and clearer display, thus improving visibility even from a long distance. The use of these Electronic Display Boards has made it possible to display the information simultaneously at multiple locations - station entrance, overbridge, and platforms, and to control/ change the information remotely. In the last few years, a whole lot of new foot overbridges have been added to the suburban stations. These new overbridges are broad, spacious, and airy - and have indeed given a foreign look to some of the stations. Also, they have helped eliminate the rush-hour human traffic jams which
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could be witnessed frequently, and have made passage hassle free and convenient. To cater to the needs of the ever-increasing populace, the railways have gradually introduced several new originating stations. Thus we now have locals starting from (and terminating at) Dombivali, Goregaon, Malad, Bhayander etc., which has made life a bit less complicated for the residents of these areas. Similarly car sheds have been added at Kandivali (on WR) and Kalwa (CR) for stabling, repair & maintenance of the rakes. Each station can now broadcast its own announcements, or announcements originating from the Central Announcement System. The Central Announcement System has been very useful whenever there is an inordinate delay or disruption of services. It has also been widely used to page for people who get separated from their near and dear ones, or when any emergency information is to be relayed to anyone. The railways have also used this system to inform the passengers about information about main-line trains, such as change in train timings, introduction of new trains, holiday specials, additional halt, delays etc. Similarly, auto-announcements and pre-recorded announcements which we hear now days have improved the clarity of information, and perhaps made the job of the announcers a bit less tiring Another aspect of improvement in passenger convenience has been the total changeover to tubelights in the coaches, as against the incandescent bulbs used earlier. This has definitely helped the coach look brighter and cleaner, and has been of great help to those who choose to read or work during the journey.

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4.3 Future Plans

With one of the largest networks in the world, the CENTRAL RAILWAY is attempting a makeover from being a pure-play passenger and freight transporter to include complete logistics services, taking competition from roads head on. The railways is entering the door-to-door logistics business providing services such as modern cargo-handling facilities, warehousing and multimodal logistic parks, railway minister Prasad said, presenting the budget. The railways currently moves around 35% of Indias total cargo, down from 65% in the 1950s. About 65% of the cargo now moves by road. Prasad also opened up one more key area to private investments. Some of the countrys port-rail connectivity projects will now be taken up on a build-operate-transfer (BOT) route through open tenders, on a pilot basis, to boost movement of cargo by rail. This is being done to prevent time and cost overruns and facilitate real price discovery. The beneficiaries of the new line will have to give traffic guarantees to the railways, Prasad said. Under the BOT format, the project will be financed, implemented and operated by a private firm for a certain period, typically spanning over 30 years. The port-rail connectivity projects cleared for implementation include the Kurla-Wadala rail link for the Mumbai port, the Surat-Hazira port, Pen-Rewas port, the Dhamra port line, the Dighi port line, the Kirtaniya port line and the Attipattu-Puttur line linking the Ennore port. Out of the railways total freight traffic of 790 million tonnes (mt) a year, around 25%, or 197mt, is generated from various ports. The railways now plans to increase its share of cargo from ports to 300mt,asIndias external trade is set to increase from 650mt to 1,100mt by 2012. The railways is therefore giving top priority to port rail connectivity projects, Prasad said.

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Hinterland connectivity is key to evacuation of import cargo landing at ports and for moving export cargo to the ports, said Dinesh Lall, executive director at Maersk India Pvt. Ltd, the Indian unit of the worlds biggest container shipping firm, Maersk Line. The railways is also taking up capacity expansion projects to double cement loading to 200mt a year by 2012. Indias cement production is estimated to rise from 170mt to 280mt by 2012. To meet its revised target, the rail budget proposed a new Bhanupali-Bilaspur-Beri line in Himachal Pradesh, where there could be a demand for cement loading. Besides, the railways has proposed to double the Daund-Gulbarga section and electrify the Pune-Guntakal line to meet the demand of cement manufacturers in the Wadi region.

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Chapter 5
Annexure
Chatrapati Shivaji Terminus celebrates 60th anniversery
Steeped in rich history synonymous with the development of Mumbai as the country's commercial capital, the Central Railway, headquartered here but catering to a large part of the country, turns 60 Saturday. It was on Nov 5, 1951 that Central Railway was formed by integrating the railways of the erstwhile princely domains - Nizam State, Scindia State and Dholpur State - with the then Great Indian Peninsular Railway. However, technically speaking, the Indian Railways history started 158 years ago - April 16, 1853 - in an epoch-making event in the entire East. "It was 3.30 p.m. on that day (April 16, 1853), when the new railway system was launched in Bombay (now Mumbai). A sea of humanity thronged Bori Bunder Station, to witness history in the making when a small train hauled by three steam engines started for its historic journey to Thane," an official told IANS. The day was declared a public holiday and a festive atmosphere prevailed among the small fishing communities on the small islands that made up Bombay. There were bands which played and guns were fired from the ramparts of the Fort area, barely half a kilometre to the south of the station, heralding the dawn of the Railway Era to the whole world. Over the years, Bori Bunder became Victoria Terminus and now Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST), and the GIPR also grew in leaps and bounds by expanding its network all over the country - laying the foundations for making the railways the most convenient, efficient and affordable means of travel for a majority of
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Indians even today. The then Indian Midland Railway Company was merged with the GIPR in 1900 and its frontiers were extended to Delhi in the North, Kanpur and Allahabad in the North-east, Nagpur in the West and Raichur in the South-east. With a route mileage of 1,600 miles (2,575 km), this network enabled comfortable throughconnections from Bombay to virtually all parts of India, underlining the importance of the city in every sphere of life. Later, after Independence, the CR was formed in 1951, along with other divisional railways. Over the years, the development al process continued with the CR growing in a big way, both in terms of long-distance services and an efficient suburban network. In October 1966, one more railway viz. South Central Railway (SCR) was formed by merging Solapur Division from CR and Secunderabad, Hubli, Vijayawada Divisions from Southern Railways. On Oct 2, 1977, Solapur Division was merged with CR and Guntakal Division from SR was included in SCR. Later, in 2003, seven more railway zones were created in which Jabalpur and Bhopal divisions of CR were included in the West Central Railway and Jhansi Division was included in North Central Railway.

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Presently, CR has five divisions - Mumbai, Pune, Bhusaval, Solapur and Nagpur - with a network of 477 stations, and a whopping 710 mail, express and passenger trains running on it daily. The railways have not only enriched the country's life in different ways - culturally, socially, economically and politically - but also contributed in a big way to the national exchequer. In 1951, when it was formed, CR earned a modest Rs.18.64 crore from passengers, which now stands at Rs.3,079.25 crore per annum. Similarly, its earnings from freight have grown from Rs.24.98 crore to Rs.3,889.56 crore. Starting with 224 million passengers and 16.58 million tonnes freight in 1951, it now carries 1,628 million passengers and 54.75 million tonnes freight. Its original route, which was 8,734 km has now come down to 3,905 with the re-organisation of the divisions over the years. On the suburban section catering mainly to Mumbai, it had 519 services daily, which has now touched 1,573 services - the combined suburban section of the Western Railway and CR carry over seven million passengers daily, making it the city's lifeline. A few years ago, the CR headquarters building was accorded a World Heritage status. Three years ago, it shot into international headlines when it was a targeted site by Pakistani gunmen in the Nov 26, 2008 terror attacks.

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Central Railway services hit: Passengers wait for trains, and information
Mumbai: If you stepped into a Central Railway station yesterday, you saw an uneasy crowd, enormous in number and short of temper, waiting at the platforms. The LED displays showing train arrivals were frozen at zero. Except for a staccato announcement about indefinite delays due to a technical problem, little else was communicated to this mass of people, waiting to go to work. Mumbai off track 12.05 am The signalling panel room next to Kurla station caught fire 475 Approximate number of trains on CR that were cancelled (30% of total) Early on Wednesday, the first set of office goers were left wondering about the sudden disappearance of local trains from tracks for tens of minutes together, which is unusual in the morning. The constant craning of necks, shifting of eyes, and shuffling on feet conveyed their impatience. There were still no announcements, especially at smaller stations on both Main and Harbour lines. They had not an inkling of the problem awaiting them. The wait seemed endless.

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Geeta Ajith, a college professor, who boards from Chembur station said, "Our wait at the station seemed like ages, without any indication or announcements from the railway authorities on the situation. Finally, around 9 am, announcements were made that trains would not be running. So commuters spilled out of the station, where there was a new struggle to find a rickshaw or bus. In the end, I did manage to reach my destination, over than three hours late."

Central Railways implements new e-ticket refund system

Nagpur: Central Railway has implemented a new, Advance Coaching Refund System (ACRS) recently to reduce the time taken for e-Tickets refunds. According to this system, all the eticket data is uploaded directly from IRCTC server to ACRS directly and dealt by the refund section in Chief Commercial Manager's Office, Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus Mumbai. The cases, in which the refund amount is sanctioned, it is transferred to IRCTC through pay order for payment to the party and pay orders are made manually. This has reduced the transaction time from 30 days to 15 days. All e-tickets refund cases will be disposed off within a period of 15 days.

Out of total refund cases, 60% are of e-tickets at present, which constitutes about 2500 cases per month. CR is one of the few railways where Advance Coaching Refund System is implemented, a release from Nagpur division of Central Railway said today.

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Chapter 7
Recommendation

Improvement in system efficiency and productivity of resources. Introduction of modern systems and technologies. Achieving better customer satisfaction through value addition to customer services. Improvement in safety, reliability and reduction in maintenance costs. Enhancement of throughput capacity of the existing systems. Online ticketing (just like reservation) to avoid the long queues in the railway stations.

Improvement of Cleanliness in the Stations with eco friendly toilets in Trains.

Waste bin facilities in compartments in general are woefully inadequate leading to passengers throwing litter out of the windows. As a result, the entire countryside, all along the tracks, is presently a very sorry sight. This needs to be corrected on a war footing. Maintenance of toilets needs more attention, with particular stress on hygeine.. There are any number of slow passenger trains which have no justification for their continuance. Even in the first place, they were introduced only due to some political consideration or the other. Apart from being a drain on the economy, they further cause to clutter up line and platform capacities in busy junctions, particularly during peak hours. They need to be discontinued. World-class pay toilet facilities need to be provided in stations, particularly the key junctions handling a lot of transit passengers. These key junctions should also have moderately priced, but well maintained rest-rooms.
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Transport of bulk goods like iron ore, coal, petroleum products, etc by road causes their rapid deterioration, apart from choking up their capacity. These goods are best transported by rail. Railways should gear themselves to handle this entire traffic.

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Chapter 6
Bibliography

The information for this project is taken from following sources : www.cr.indianrailways.gov.in/ en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Central_Railway_Headq uarters.jpg en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Railway_zone Rao, M.A. (1988). Indian Railways, New Delhi: National Book Trust, p.42 o Welcome to Central Railways Construction > Projects

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