Biography of Soekarno: The Background and Education
Biography of Soekarno: The Background and Education
Biography of Soekarno: The Background and Education
R. Soekarno1 (was born in Blitar, East Java, on June 6 1901 died in Jakarta, on June 21 1970 in the age 69 years) was Indonesian President first that hold the office of in the period 1945 - 1966. He played the role important to liberate the Indonesian nation from the Dutch colonisation. He was the Kepancasilaan excavator. He was the Proclaimer of Indonesian Independence (was with Mohammad Hatta) that happened on August 17 1945. He published the Letter Of Instruction on March 11 1966 Supersemar that was controversial that, that it seems, including his contents was assigned Lieutenant General Soeharto to pacify and maintain his authority. But this Supersemar was misused by Lieutenant General Soeharto to undermine his authority with the road to accuse him of taking part in masterminding the Movement on September 30. The charges caused People's Consultative Assembly Sementara that his member was replaced with the person who for Soeharto, shifted the presidency to Soeharto
Soekarno's family
Soekarno's wife Oetari Inggit Garnasih
Fatmawati Hartini RatnaSari Dewi Soekarno (the original name: Naoko Nemoto) Haryati
Soekarno sons and daughters Guruh Soekarnoputra Megawati Soekarnoputri, Republic of Indonesia President the term of office of 2001-2004 Guntur Soekarnoputra Rachmawati Soekarnoputri Sukmawati Soekarnoputri Taufan and Bayu (from the wife Hartini) Kartika Sari Dewi Soekarno (from the wife Ratna sari Dewi Soekarno
President Soekarno personally, during the speech on the opening by text reading of the proclamation of independence, said that although in fact we co-operated with Japan in fact we believed and have faith as well as relied on the strength personally.
He was active in an effort to preparations for Indonesian independence, among them were to formulate Kepancasilaan, UUD 1945 and the foundation of the foundation of the Indonesian government including formulating the text of the proclamation of Independence. He could be persuaded xNP to take refuge in Rengasdengklok Peristiwa Rengasdengklok. During 1943, Japanese Prime Minister Hideki Tojo invited the Indonesian leading figure namely Soekarno, Mohammad Hatta and Ki Bagoes Hadikoesoemo to Japan and was received directly by Emperor Hirohito. Moreover the emperor gave the empire Star (Ratna Suci) to three Indonesian leading figures. Penganugerahan Bintang made the government of the Japanese occupation most startled, because that was significant that the three Indonesian leading figures it was considered the family of Japanese Emperor personally. In August 1945, he was invited by the Marshal Terauchi, headed by the South-East Asian territory Army in Dalat Vietnam that afterwards stated that the proclamation of Indonesian independence was the people's Indonesian affair personally However his involvement in the organisation bodies of the Japanese construction made Soekarno be accused of by the Netherlands co-operating with Jepang,betwen other in the case romusha.
appointed by PPKI to Republic of Indonesia President and Vice President. On August 29 1945 the appointment became the President and Vice President was strengthened by KNIP. In on September 19 1945 Soekarno's authority could resolve without Ikada bloodshed of the field incident where 200,000 Jakarta peoples would the clash with Japanese troops that were still fully-armed. At the time of the arrival of the Ally (AFNEI) that was led by Lt Gen. Mystically Phillip Christison, Christison had finally acknowledged the Indonesian sovereignty de facto after holding the meeting with President Soekarno. President Soekarno also tried to resolve the crisis in Surabaya. However resulting from the provocation that was launched by NICA troops (the Netherlands) that followed the Ally. (was supervised by England) exploded the Incident on November 10 1945 in Surabaya and fell him Brigadier General A.W.S Mallaby. Because of many provocations in Jakarta at that time, President Soekarno had finally moved the Republic of Indonesia capital from Jakarta to Yogyakarta. Followed by the Vice President and the senior official of the other country. The position President Soekarno according to UUD 1945 was President's position as the head of government and the head of state (presidential/single the Executive). For the revolution of fredom, sistem the government changed became semi-presidential/double the Executive. President Soekarno as the Head of State and Sutan Syahrir as the Prime Minister/ Head of Government. That happened because of the existence of the announcement Vice President No X, and the announcement of the government in November 1945 about the political party. This was followed so that the Republic of Indonesia it was considered the more democratic country. Although the government's system changed, at the time of the revolution of independence, the position of President Soekarno stayed most important, especially in facing the Madiun Incident 1948 as well as during Aggression of Militer Netherlands Ii that caused President Soekarno, Vice President Mohammad Hatta and several senior officials of the country to be kept by the Netherlands. Although having the Government of the Republic of Indonesia Emergency (PDRI) with the chairman Sjafruddin Prawiranegara, but in fact the international community and the domestic situation continue to acknowledged that Soekarno-Hatta was the Indonesian leader that actually, only of his policies that could complete the Indonesia-the Netherlands dispute.
Source : http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soekarno