SMS 3113 STATISTICAL LABORATORY Semester 2 Sessions 2012/2013

ASSIGNMENT 4:
Individual Assignment LECTURER:
N$me
A&e'$( Binti Is$

R! NOR A"A# SAMAT

M$tri% No!
200)103*02)

INSTRUCTIONS:

1! T(is Assi+nment ,onsists o- T#REE ./estions! Ans0er ALL 1UESTIONS! 2! S(o0 'o/r 0or2! M$r2s 4e4/,te4 -or in,om56ete 0or2! 3! m$' 3e

Yo/ nee4 to t'5e 'o/r $ns0ers!

4! It is 'o/r res5onsi3i6it' to m$2e s/re t($t t(is $ssi+nment 3e 'o/r ori+in$6 0or2! 7! 86e$se s/3mit t(is $ssi+nment to 4r!$&$(s$m$t9'$(oo!,om: 3e-ore 11 $m on 23r4 A5ri6 2013! *! T(e -/66 m$r2 -or t(is Assi+nment is 100 $n4 t(is $ssi+nment ,ontri3/tes 20; to 'o/r o<er$66 m$r2s -or t(is ,o/rse!

BEST O= LUC>??????????????

1UESTION 1

A major oil company developed a petrol additive that was supposed to increase engine efficiency. Twenty-two cars were test driven both with and without the additive, and the number of kilometres per litre was recorded. Whether the car was automatic or manual was also recorded and coded as ! manual and " ! automatic. #uring an earlier trial twenty-two cars were test driven using the additive. The mean number of kilometres per litre was $.%. &ou are interested in addressing the following 'uestions( $@ Are t(e ,$rs in t(e 5resent tri$6 r/nnin+ more e--i,ient6' t($n t(ose in t(e e$r6ier tri$6A )$ ( *+$.% ) ( * , $.%-claim. . using /0//
One-Sample Statistics N withadd 22 Mean 13.86 Std. Deviation 2.748 Std. Error Mean .586

One-Sample Test Test Value 1!.5 (5) *on"iden'e +nterval o" the Di""eren'e t withadd 5.741 d" 21 Si#. $2%tailed& .!!! Mean Di""eren'e 3.364 ,ower 2.15 -..er 4.58

". using 1I2ITA3

One-Sample T: withadd
Test of mu = 10.5 vs not = 10.5 Variable !it"a## N $$ Mean 1%.&'%' StDev $.()&1 SE Mean 0.5&59 95% CI *1$.')5$+ 15.0&$1, T 5.()

0.000

4. using 56758
t-Test( 0aired Two /ample for 1eans test mean $.% $ ""

1ean ;ariance ?bservations 0earson 7orrelation )ypothesiCed 1ean #ifference df t /tat 0-TD!t. one-tail t 7ritical one-tail 0-TD!t. two-tail t 7ritical two-tail

withadd 4.9:4:4 :4: <.%% =>9 $%" "" @#I;A$B $.% " ". 9$4" 4"9 ".<:4= 5.<"$<>" 9< %.%"<9"5".$<=: 4 94<

At E ! $.$% and d.f !" p- value ! $.$$$ ECISION: there is enough evidence reject null hypothesis since p-value D E. CONCLUSION:

The cars in the present trial is running more efficiently than those in the earlier trial because the mean is greater than $.%. 3@ oes en+ine e--i,ien,' im5ro<e 0(en t(e $44iti<e is /se4A )$ ! *! $ ) ! * F$ -claim. . using /0//
Paired Samples Statistics Mean /air 1 without withadd 8.5! 13.86 N 22 22 Std. Deviation 3.335 2.748 Std. Error Mean .711 .586

Paired Samples Test /aired Di""eren'es (5) *on"iden'e +nterval Std. Mean /air 1 without % withadd %5.364 Deviation 2.(!4 Std. Error Mean .61( o" the Di""eren'e ,ower %6.651 -..er %4.!76 t %8.663 d" 21 Si#. $2% tailed& .!!!

". using 1I2ITA3

aire# T for !itouta## - !it"a## !itouta## !it"a## Differen.e N $$ $$ $$ Mean &.5000 1%.&'%' -5.%'%') StDev %.%%)5 $.()&1 $.90%95 SE Mean 0.(109 0.5&59 0.'191$

95% CI for mean #ifferen.e/ *-'.'511(0 -).0('10, T-Test of mean #ifferen.e = 0 *vs not = 0,/ T-Value = -&.''

-Value = 0.000

4. using 56758 tBTest: 8$ire4 T0o S$m56e -or Me$ns

Me$n C$ri$n,e O3ser<$tions 8e$rson Corre6$tion #'5ot(esi&e4 Me$n i--eren,e 4t St$t 8DTEFt@ oneBt$i6 t Criti,$6 oneBt$i6 8DTEFt@ t0oBt$i6 t Criti,$6 t0oBt$i6 C$ri$36e 1 9.% . =$><:" "" $.%%9:4"$9< $ " -9.::4"<:%=< . ""$=5-$9 .<"$<>"9< ".">> 95-$9 ".$<=: 494< C$ri$36e 2 4.9:4:4:4: <.%% =>9$%" ""

At E ! $.$% and d.f !" p- value ! $.$$$ ECISION: reject null hypothesis since p-value D E. CONCLUSION: Therefore, engine efficiency improve when the additive is used.

,@

oes en+ine e--i,ien,' 0it( $n4 0it(o/t t(e $44iti<e 4i--er 3et0een m$n/$6 $n4 $/tom$ti, ,$rsA H0: 1=2 H1: 12 (claim)

. using /0//
Independent Samples Test ,evene0s Test "or E1ualit2 o" Varian'es t%test "or E1ualit2 o" Means (5) *on"iden'e +nterval o" the Si#. $2% 3 witho ut E1ual varian'es assu4ed E1ual varian'es not assu4ed witha dd E1ual varian'es assu4ed E1ual varian'es not assu4ed .848 16.7! 4 .4!( 1.!!! 1.18! %1.4(2 3.4(2 3.3(! .!8! .848 %.6(5 18.53 ( 2! .4!7 1.!!! 1.18! %1.461 3.461 .4(6 %1.!!! 1.44! %4.!18 2.!18 .172 Si#. .683 t %.6(5 d" 2! tailed& .4(5 Mean Std. Error Di""eren'e ,ower %4.!!3 -..er 2.!!3

Di""eren'e Di""eren'e %1.!!! 1.44!

". using 1I2ITA3

T!o-sam1le T for !itouta## vs !it"a## !itouta## !it"a## N $$ $$ Mean &.50 1%.&' StDev %.%% $.(5 SE Mean 0.(1 0.59

Differen.e = mu *!itouta##, - mu *!it"a##,

Estimate for #ifferen.e/ -5.%'%') 95% CI for #ifferen.e/ *-(.$$55%0 -%.501(), T-Test of #ifferen.e = 0 *vs not =,/ T-Value = -5.&$ )

-Value = 0.000

D2 =

4. using 56758
t-Test: Two-Sample Assuming Equal a!iances Variable 1 #$% 11$11(0% 22 ($&&%*(# 0 *2 -%$#222 &$%#E-0) 1$'#1(%2 )$1'E-0) 2$01#0#2 Variable 2 1&$#'&'&'&' )$%%1(*#0%2 22

"ean a!iance +,se!-ations .oole/ a!iance H0pot1esi2e/ "ean 3i44e!ence /4 t Stat .(T5=t) one-tail t 6!itical one-tail .(T5=t) two-tail t 6!itical two-tail

At E ! $.$% ,p--alue = 0$00 DECISION: T1e .- alue is 0$00 w1ic1 is less t1an 7 -alue T1us8 we !e9ect H0$ CONCLUSION: T1e!e4o!e8 engine e44icienc0 wit1 an/ wit1out t1e a//iti-e /i44e! ,etween manual an/ automatic ca!s

1UESTION 2 ?ne hundred car drivers who were stopped by police for some violation were also checked to see if they were wearing their seat belts. The following table records the results of this survey. Ge$rin+ se$t 3e6t Men Gomen 4> 4" Not 0e$rin+ se$t 3e6t " 4

Test at ".%G significance level whether being a man or a woman and wearing or not wearing a seat belt are related by using statistical software. Ans0er: +en4er se$t3e6t -re./en,' 4> " " " " " 4" 4

)$ ! the two categorical variables are dependent ) ! the two categorical variables are related -claim.

. using 1I2ITA3
Tabulated statistics: GENDER; SEAT E!T
3sin4 fre5uen.ies in 26E7 6o!s/ 8ENDE6 1 1 %'.%0 $ $9.(0 9ll ''.00 Columns/ SE9T:E;T $ %) 1&.(0 %$ 15.%0 '' %).00 9ll $1 55.00 1% )5.00 %) 100.00 55 )5 100

Cell Contents/ Count E<1e.te# .ount earson C"i-S5uare = 0.95$+ D2 = 1+ -Value = 0.%$9 ;i=eli"oo# 6atio C"i-S5uare = 0.959+ D2 = 1+ -Value = 0.%$(

". using /0//

"ender # seatbelt $r%sstabulati%n seat5elt wear 5elt #ender 4en *ount E6.e'ted *ount ) within #ender ) within seat5elt ) o" Total wo4en *ount E6.e'ted *ount ) within #ender ) within seat5elt ) o" Total Total *ount E6.e'ted *ount ) within #ender ) within seat5elt ) o" Total 34 36.3 61.8) 51.5) 34.!) 32 2(.7 71.1) 48.5) 32.!) 66 66.! 66.!) 1!!.!) 66.!) not wear 5elt 21 18.7 38.2) 61.8) 21.!) 13 15.3 28.() 38.2) 13.!) 34 34.! 34.!) 1!!.!) 34.!) Total 55 55.! 1!!.!) 55.!) 55.!) 45 45.! 1!!.!) 45.!) 45.!) 1!! 1!!.! 1!!.!) 1!!.!) 1!!.!)

$hi-S&uare Tests 7s24.. Si#. $2% Value /earson *hi%S1uare *ontinuit2 *orre'tion ,i8elihood 9atio 3isher0s E6a't Test ,inear%52%,inear 7sso'iation N o" Valid *ases .(43 1!! 1 .332
5

E6a't Si#. $2% sided&

E6a't Si#. $1% sided&

d" 1 1 1

sided& .32( .445 .327

.(52a .583 .(5(

.3(8

.223

a. ! 'ells $.!)& have e6.e'ted 'ount less than 5. The 4ini4u4 e6.e'ted 'ount is 15.3!. 5. *o4.uted onl2 "or a 262 ta5le

from table , p-value! $.$4"=, E! $.$"% ECISION:

since p-value , E, we do not reject )$ CONCLUSION: so, the two categorical variables are dependent. T1en8 le-el w1et1e! ,eing a man o! a woman an/ wea!ing o! not wea!ing a seat ,elt a!e not !elate/$

1UESTION 3 #iscuss the advantages and disadvantages of using 5Hcel, /0// and 1initab in analysing statistical data. &our report must contain the following information. a. Introduction to 1icrosoft 5Hcel, /0// and 1initab. E%,e6
5Hcel is the spreadsheet program created by 1icrosoft.

S8SS
used "or surve2 authorin# and de.lo24ent&: te6t anal2ti's: statisti'al anal2sis: and 'olla5oration and de.lo24ent.

Minit$3
is concerned, pay close attention to how many decimal places you allow in each cell. If your cell is too small, the number will be rounded up and itIs possible it could be radically different from the number

A powerful spreadsheet that is easy to use and allows you to store, manipulate, analyCe, and visualiCe data.

/0// J 1I2ITA3.

b. Advantages and disadvantages of using 5Hcel, /0// and 1initab. #isadvantage( E%,e6
cannot miH numbers with letters in a cell.

S8SS
does not have an undo option when you delete a variable. default graphics are poor and not easily customiCable to make them better. It is eHpensive. There are often compatibility issues with prior versions

Minit$3
time-consuming for compleH procedures.

Advantages( E%,e6
can use any spreadsheet program for analyCing data. the instructions given here are specific. is a versatile program present on most computers at home and in computer clusters.

S8SS
very user friendly. good for keeping variables seperate by category.

Minit$3
The range of statistical analyses that 1initab can perform straight after installation is not as wide as in other packages such as /0//. 1initab has a dynamic worksheet and load measurement column until >$$$. easy to use, and operates through

an interface that is intuitive to anyone familiar with other statistics packages. The result is more accurate.

c. 5Hample. E%,e6: tBTest: 8$ire4 T0o S$m56e -or Me$ns

Me$n C$ri$n,e O3ser<$tions 8e$rson Corre6$tion #'5ot(esi&e4 Me$n i--eren,e 4t St$t 8DTEFt@ oneBt$i6 t Criti,$6 oneBt$i6 8DTEFt@ t0oBt$i6 t Criti,$6 t0oBt$i6 C$ri$36e 1 9.% . =$><:" "" $.%%9:4"$9< $ " -9.::4"<:%=< . ""$=5-$9 .<"$<>"9< ".">> 95-$9 ".$<=: 494< C$ri$36e 2 4.9:4:4:4: <.%% =>9$%" ""

S8SS:
Paired Samples Test /aired Di""eren'es (5) *on"iden'e +nterval Std. Mean /air 1 without % withadd %5.364 Deviation 2.(!4 Std. Error Mean .61( o" the Di""eren'e ,ower %6.651 -..er %4.!76 t %8.663 d" 21 Si#. $2% tailed& .!!!

MINITAB
aire# T for !itouta## - !it"a## !itouta## N $$ Mean &.5000 StDev %.%%)5 SE Mean 0.(109

!it"a## Differen.e

$$ $$

1%.&'%' -5.%'%')

$.()&1 $.90%95

0.5&59 0.'191$

95% CI for mean #ifferen.e/ *-'.'511(0 -).0('10, T-Test of mean #ifferen.e = 0 *vs not = 0,/ T-Value = -&.''

-Value = 0.000

d. Keferences. &ahoo answer e)ow tech http(AAoffice.microsoft.comAen-$$ Aweb-appshelpAintroduction-to-eHcel-web-app-)A$ $4<9449.aspH

The #isadvantages of 1initab http(AAwww.ehow.comAinfoM " =%%" Mdisadvantagesminitab.html@iHCC"KKNt%i5; L e)ow.com

http(AAabdul-sidik.blogspot.comA"$ keunggulan-dari.html

A$"Ainilah-beberapa-

EN

O= 1UESTIONS