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Java WrapperClasses 2

The document discusses the Character class in Java, which wraps the primitive char data type. It describes how to create Character objects, escape sequences, and important Character class methods like isLetter() and toUpperCase().

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Anand Dhanalakota
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
41 views

Java WrapperClasses 2

The document discusses the Character class in Java, which wraps the primitive char data type. It describes how to create Character objects, escape sequences, and important Character class methods like isLetter() and toUpperCase().

Uploaded by

Anand Dhanalakota
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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JAVA - CHARACTER CLASS

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Normally, when we work with characters, we use primitive data types char.

Example:
char ch = 'a'; // Unicode for uppercase Greek omega character char uniChar = '\u039A'; // an array of chars char[] charArray ={ 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e' };

However in development, we come across situations where we need to use objects instead of primitive data types. In order to achieve this, Java provides wrapper class Charac ter for primitive data type char. T he Character class offers a number of useful class (i.e., static) methods for manipulating characters. You can create a Character object with the Character constructor:
Character ch = new Character('a');

T he Java compiler will also create a Character object for you under some circumstances. For example, if you pass a primitive char into a method that expects an object, the compiler automatically converts the char to a Character for you. T his feature is called autoboxing or unboxing , if the conversion g oes the other way.

Example:
// Here following primitive char 'a' // is boxed into the Character object ch Character ch = 'a'; // Here primitive 'x' is boxed for method test, // return is unboxed to char 'c' char c = test('x');

Escape Sequences:
A character preceded by a backslash (\) is an escape sequence and has special meaning to the compiler. T he newline character (\n) has been used frequently in this tutorial in System.out.println() statements to advance to the next line after the string is printed. Following table shows the Java escape sequences:

Esc ape Sequenc e \t \b \n \r \f \' \"

Desc ription Inserts a tab in the text at this point. Inserts a backspace in the text at this point. Inserts a newline in the text at this point. Inserts a carriag e return in the text at this point. Inserts a form feed in the text at this point. Inserts a sing le quote character in the text at this point. Inserts a double quote character in the text at this point.

\\

Inserts a backslash character in the text at this point.

When an escape sequence is encountered in a print statement, the compiler interprets it according ly.

Example:
If you want to put quotes within quotes you must use the escape sequence, \", on the interior quotes:
public class Test { public static void main(String args[]) { System.out.println("She said \"Hello!\" to me."); } }

T his would produce the following result:


She said "Hello!" to me.

Character Methods:
Here is the list of the important instance methods that all the subclasses of the Character class implement:

SN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Methods with Desc ription isLetter() Determines whether the specified char value is a letter. isDig it() Determines whether the specified char value is a dig it. isWhitespace() Determines whether the specified char value is white space. isUpperCase() Determines whether the specified char value is uppercase. isLowerCase() Determines whether the specified char value is lowercase. toUpperCase() Returns the uppercase form of the specified char value. toLowerCase() Returns the lowercase form of the specified char value. toString () Returns a String object representing the specified character valuethat is, a one-character string .

For a complete list of methods, please refer to the java.lang .Character API specification.

What is Next?
In the next section, we will be g oing throug h the String class in Java. You will be learning how to declare and use String s efficiently as well as some of the important methods in the String class.

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