Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

Chapter 1 Number: Using calculators

1.1 Basic calculations and using brackets
HOMEWORK 1A 1 a 67 b 85 c 33 2 a 253 b 54 c 240 3 a 53 b 136 c 68 d 252 4 a 195 b 300 5 a 28.08 b 48.18 6 a 24.5 b 38.3 c 326.9 d 11.3 7 14 days 8 Alfie 4.668; Becky 5.464; Chloe 6.137; Daniel 3.773 Daniel is correct. 9 75 is approximately 65.79. $100 is approximately 67.11. So $100 is worth more. 10 a 15.26 b 194.88 11 a 1.7 b 4.8 12 a 533.05 b 5.221 096

1.2 Using a calculator to add and subtract fractions

HOMEWORK 1B 1 a d g j 2 a d g j 3 4 5
1 2
17 20

b e h k b e h k

11 9
61 80
1 3
199 360

c f i l c f i l

9 1 20

81 200
13 30 169 240

5 1 16
19 96

301 468

12 17 20
81 12 200

10 1 9
61 10 80

9 9 20 5 12 16

1 13 30 1 169 240

13 1 199 360

2 19 96 1 301 468

4 4 miles

1 4 miles

Use the fraction facility on the calculator to enter one-quarter, then press the multiplication key, then enter the fraction two-thirds, then press the equals key. 24 a b
8 575

6 7

A negative answer means the first number is less than the second number.
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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

29 297 29 432 10 27

a c

The positive answer in a means that answer in b means that

10 27

is greater than
7 16

3 11

. The negative

is less than

9 10

28.3 cm
1 6

anticlockwise or

5 6

clockwise

1.3 Using a calculator to multiply and divide fractions

HOMEWORK 1C 1 a d g j 2 3 4 5
1 4
3 20 7 200 1 2 25 63 80

b e h k

8 27 9 64 1 27 1 1 24

c f i l

21 40 27 512

38
91 180

m2
14 33 2 17
1 3

12 a a d b b
14 33 2 17

1 3

a d g j

9 8 20

b e h k

9 17 27
261 27 320 8 1 31

c f i l

20 37 40
439 2 512 11 2 104
409 6 558

11 137 200
1 2 145

93 6 160

61 7 792

7 8

1 m2 11 12

4 17 cm3 20

9 27 mph 10 9 gallons 11 4 ropes, as 3 ropes would give 99 pieces.

Functional Maths Activity: Using a calculator

1 2 3 This is the difference between the readings taken in August and November. kilowatt-hour, the amount of energy converted if work is done at an average rate of one thousand watts for one hour The higher rate is the standard rate. The lower rate is charged for units over a certain number; this is to encourage people to use electricity without incurring very high bills. Yes, although the decimal number 2785.529 327 could be rounded to 2785.53.

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2 5 187 metric units convert to 2083.57 kWh (rounded down); first 683 kWh @ 6.683p cost 45.64, the remaining 1400.57 kWh cost 46.11, giving a total bill of 91.75. NB. There is a mistake in the book. It should read: First 683.00 kWh x 6.683p 45.64 Next 2102.52 kWh x 3.292p 69.21 Total cost of gas used 114.85

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

Chapter 2 Number: Number properties 2

2.1 Rational numbers and reciprocals
HOMEWORK 2A

b 3 4
1 5

Repeating numbers are cyclic and belong to one of two sets of numbers. ,
2 9

23 100

3 11

2 7

a d

57 100

b e b e
1

11 40

17 20

3 50

3 13 20 0.125 0.01
8 5 20 17

5 6

a d a d

0.25 0.025
3 2 12 7

c
3

0.031 25
10 9

=12 = 15 7

b e

=15

= 11 9

3 = 1 17

7 8

Reciprocal of 1 = 1 1 = 1 a 4 b 5 c The reciprocal of a reciprocal is always the original number.

2.2 Multiplying and dividing by powers of 10

HOMEWORK 2B 1 a 350 d 46.3 g 642 j 79 800 m 889 000 p 34 280 000 2 a 45.38 d 64.37 g 2.465 j 0.008 97 m 0.000 000 879 9 p 0.000 073 2 3 a 120 000 d 21 000 g 40 000 j 300 000 4 a 5 d 40
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b e h k n b e h k n b e h k b e

21.5 301.45 0.67 658 35 214.7 43.5 42.287 7.63 0.0865 0.234 200 000 900 6000 7500 300 3

c f i l o c f i l o c f i l c f

6740 78 560 85 21 530 37 284.1 76.459 0.2784 0.076 0.015 7.654 14 000 125 000 14 000 140 000 35 150

Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2 g 14 j 15 a 730 d 68 000 000 g 0.000 23 a 37 800 20 80 000 = 1 600 000 500 7000 = 3 500 000 100 000 km h k b e h b 50 i 6 4 l 200 329 000 c 7940 0.0346 f 0.000 507 0.000 89 180 6000 300 = 1 800 000 10 000 900 = 9 000 000

6 7 8

2.3 Prime factors, LCM and HCF

HOMEWORK 2C 1 a 70 = 2 5 7 b 90 = 2 3 3 5 c 126 = 2 3 3 7 2 a 36 b 150 c 63 d 600 e 675 3 3 a 2 3 b 22 32 c 3 52 e 32 11 d 22 3 7 4 a 335 b 32 5 c 90 = 2 32 5, 180 = 22 32 5 5 a 512 = 32 172 b 513 = 33 173 6 Because 7 is the third odd prime number and is therefore a factor of 105. HOMEWORK 2D 1 a 12 b 24 c 36 d 60 e 42 f 120 2 a 8 b 7 c 6 d 12 e 14 f 25 3 a i 12 ii 2 b i 24 ii 2 c i 48 ii 4 d i 60 ii 3 e i 300 ii 5 4 3 packs of nuts and 2 packs of bolts (36 of each) 5 25 and 30

2.4 Rules for multiplying and dividing powers

HOMEWORK 2E 1 a 75 d 710 2 a x5 d x10 3 a 45 d 4 4 a y3 d y8
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b e b e b e b e

79 712 x9 x9 43 49 y5 y7

c c c c

74 x7 42 y9

Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2 5 6 7 a 1 b 60 c The answer is always 1. Any two values with a sum of 9, e.g. a = 1 and b = 8. 1

Problem-solving Activity: The planets

Task 1 1 Jupiter (in mass and diameter) 2 Pluto 3 Pluto 4 Jupiter 5 Uranus 6 Venus and Earth Task 2 Pluto, Mercury, Mars, Venus, Earth, Uranus, Neptune, Saturn, Jupiter Task 3 Pluto, Mercury, Mars, Venus, Earth, Neptune, Uranus, Saturn, Jupiter Task 4 The smallest planets are those closest to the sun and those furthest away, with the larger planets positioned in the middle of the range. Students could use the internet to check this.

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

Chapter 3 Number: Percentages

3.1 Equivalent percentages, fractions and decimals
HOMEWORK 3A 1 a d g j 2 a d g j
1 10
3 20 3 25 9 50

b e h k b e h k Fraction
1 10
2 10
3 10

2 5 3 4
7 25 21 50

c f i l c f i l

1 4 7 20
14 25 3 50

0.87 0.05 0.58 0.682 Percentage 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%

0.25 0.01 0.175 1.5 Decimal 0.1 0.2 0.3

0.33 0.72 0.085 1.32

1 5

4 10 5 10 6 10

= = =

2 5 1 2 3 5

0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7

7 10
8 10

4 5

0.8 0.9

9 10

55% 16% 23% 69% a 20% a 75% d 12% 10 a 23% d 23.5% 11 a d

17 20

4 5 6 7 8 9

b b e b e b

75% 40% 86% 87% 180% 0.85

c c f c f c

90% 35% 37.5% 9% 234% 85%

43 or more

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

3.2 Calculating a percentage of a quantity

HOMEWORK 3B 1 a 0.23 b 0.7 c 0.04 d 1.2 2 a 38% b 80% c 7% d 150% 3 a 50 b 12 c 212 kg d 63 cm e 18.48 f 177.5 g g 0.72 h 304 m i 2.52 j 9.80 k 13.6 l l 297.60 4 208 5 Y7: 240, Y8: 230, Y9: 210, Y10: 220, Y11: 200; No, it did not reach the target. 6 378 tonnes iron, 63 tonnes chromium, 9 tonnes carbon 7 a 7 b 14.35 c 42 8 600 9 After a reduction of 10%, the prices are 90% of the original; after a further reduction of 10%, the prices are 81% of the original, so this is not a reduction of 20%.

3.3 Increasing or decreasing quantities by a percentage

HOMEWORK 3C 1 a 84 b 165 c 920 m d 400 kg e 54.60 f 39.60 g 141.6 cm h 46.72 i 1017.5 g j 123.84 2 33 800 3 54.18, 42.14, 8.75; total charges 109.32; VAT 8.75; total bill 118.07 4 a 2160 b 2320 c 2480 5 Yes; clock: 21.15, wallet: 17.86, towel: 15.04, bookmark: 7.52 6 15 HOMEWORK 3D 1 a 18 b 120 c 63 kg d 440 m e 247 f 60 cm g 232 g h 327.25 i 12 kg j 39.69 2 6384 3 2112 4 459 5 No, shirt: 24; suit: 104; shoes: 33.60; total 161.60, which is more than he has received for Christmas. 6 Cheaper: for example, 100 + 10% = 100 + 10 = 110. 110 10% = 110 11.00 = 99.00

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

3.4 Expressing one quantity as a percentage of another quantity

HOMEWORK 3E 1 a 20% b 25% c 10% d 75% e 80% f 46% g 33.3% h 30% i 67.5% j 23.8% 2 a 75% b 37.5% 3 a 60% b 40% 4 29.3% 5 Yes, in each case. a 66.7% profit b 50.0% profit c 50.0% profit d 66.6% profit 6 Paul 33.3%, Val 39.2%. Val has the greater percentage increase. HOMEWORK 4F 1 Fraction Decimal Percentage
1 4 4 10
3 20

0.25 0.4 0.15

25% 40% 15%

2 3 4 5 6 7

a a a a a b a

6.30 b 36 kg c 84 ml 72% b 68% c 30% 225 b 3906 25% b 20% c 10.50 640 Software: 102; total: 742; amount saved: 900; yes, she can afford it. 5 kg b i

Functional Maths Activity: The cost of going to work

Task 1 1 48 weeks 2 1500 3 217.35 4 Because she takes two weeks of her holiday. 5 The answer depends on when she takes the remaining two weeks leave, and whether the monthly ticket covers a calendar month or four weeks exactly/ Likely 2 answer is 11 217.35 + 2 3 6.40 = 2466.05. 6 7 10 if she chooses small sandwiches (13.20 for large). 20% or
1 5

8 3.20 9 25 : 32 10 12 000 Task 2 Look for an answer close to 554.50, depending on variations in students answers. Task 3
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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2 360 hours Task 4 9529.80 before tax. Discuss what rate of tax he would pay, and adjust the figure. Task 5 Answers will vary.

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

Chapter 4 Algebra: Basic algebra

4.1 The language of algebra
HOMEWORK 4A 1 8p 2 a x+4 d 8t g j 5t

b e h

x7 x+y ab

c f i

3+k 4x m 2

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

p q a x+4 b x5 a 3n b n+2 a Number in 14, number out 23, 107 c y+7 16 years Frank p + 2, Chloe p 3, Lizzie 2p a 4 b (10 a) a 21 b 7z
10 b
r 4

c b

2n + 5 Add 7

c c

(b c)
p q

10 a

4.2 Simplifying expressions

HOMEWORK 4B 1 a 12t d 9w g 3w2 j 128t2 m 7mt p 69nt s 18k 2 a t3 d 3t3 g t4 j 12t7 m k3 p 12p6 s 12m2t 3 32 4 a D 5 12x2 HOMEWORK 4C 1 a 3a d 4d
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b e h k n q t b e h k n q t b

10y 4t2 12y2 20m2 5yw 30q 35r p3 8n3 k5 14a7 10y2 5mq2 10q2p2 12m2

c f i l o r c f i l o r

8y 6b2 5p2 24t2 8tq 10f 5m3 20r3 16n5 3k7 18d3 12m2y

b e

5b 3e

c f

9c 8f

Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2 g 0 j 4j2 a 8x + 3y d 5 + 3x g 2p 6 j 6w 4k a x+9 d 2c 4d a x2 + 5 d d 6.66 m a wx a (3x 1) 2x h b e h b e b e b b 2h 2m + 10p 8p 6x 2y 3 + 2y 7x + 8y 3 a2 + 5b 2x2 + 4y2 w+y 12x i c f i c f c f 5i2 6x + 4 6x 2 7 + 6p 3t 4a 2b 2b 5k2 2k 2y2 z2

3 4 5 6 7

48 cm

4.3 Expanding brackets

HOMEWORK 4D 1 y + y = 2y, y y = y2, 2(y + 1) = 2y + 2 2 a 12 + 3m b 18 + 6p c 16 4y d 18 + 21k e 12 20f f 8 46w g 7g + 7h h 8k + 16m i 12d 6n 2 2 j t + 5t k m + 4m l k2 2k m 4g2 + g n 3y2 21y o 7p 8p2 2 2 q 3t 6t r 15k 3k2 p 2m + 10m s 8g2 + 6g t 8h2 12h 3 a 4 C b F = 2(C + 15) 4 Correct answers such as 2(6x + 12y), 12(x + 2y), 6(2x + 4y) 5 a 12t 10t2 b 12d2 + 20de c 12y2 + 15ky e y3 + 7y f h4 + 9h d 18m3 6m2p h 3t3 + 9t i 5h4 10h g k3 4k j 4g4 12g k 10m3 + 5m2 l 8d3 2d4 n 15a3 3ab o 14p4 16mp m 12w3 + 4wt p 3m2 + 5m3 q t4 + 3t5 r 4g2t 3g4 s 14t3 + 2mt2 t 12h3 + 15gh2 HOMEWORK 4E 1 a 9t b 7m c 7y d 10d e 2e f 3g g 2p h 4t i 5t2 j 3y2 k 7ab l a2d 2 a 18 + 7t b 22 + 24k c 13 + 32m d 17 + 13y e 28 + 12f f 20 + 33g 3 a 9 7h b 4g 7 c 3y + 1 d t + 1 e 4k + 9 f e + 6 4 a 5m + 2p + 2mp b 4k + 5h + 3hk c t + 3n + 7nt d p + 5q + 8pq e 6h + 12j + 11hj f 15y + 2t +20ty
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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2 5 6 7 a 80x + 270y b 1400 He has worked out 2 3 as 5 instead of 6 and he has worked out 2 + 15 as 13, not +13. Answer should be 16x + 13. a 5(x + 0.75) + 3(x + 0.25) b 44.50

4.4 Factorisation
HOMEWORK 4F 1 a 3(3m + 4t) b 3(3t + 2p) c 4(m + 3k) d 2(2r + 3t) e 4(w 2t) f 2(5p 3k) g 2(6h 5k) h m(2n + 3) i g(4g + 3) j 2m(2p + k) k 2b(2c + 3k) l 4a(2b + c) 2 a y(3y + 4) b t(5t 3) c d(3d 2) d 3m(2m p) e 3p(p + 3t) f 4p(2t + 3m) g 2b(4a 3c) h 4a(a 2b) i 2t(4m 3p) j 4at(5t + 3) k 2bc(2b 5) l 2b(2ac + 3ed) m 2(3a2 + 2a + 5) n 3b(4a + 2c + 3d) o t(6t + 3 + a) p 3mt(32t 1 + 23m) q 2ab(3b + 1 2a) r 5pt(t + 3 + p) 3 a Does not factorise b m(3 + 2p) c t(t 5) d Does not factorise e 2m(4m 3p) f Does not factorise g a(3a 7b) h Does not factorise i b(7a 4bc) j Does not factorise k 3mt(2m + 3t) l Does not factorise 4 a Tess as 9.99 1.99 = 8 so she will just have to work out 8 8. b Tom 48, Tess 64 5 a i x4 ii 3(x 4) iii x(x 4) b x 4 as a factor 6 a The numbers inside each pair of brackets add up to 101 and there are 50 sets of brackets. b 5050

4.5 Substitution
HOMEWORK 4G 1 a 7 2 a 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a a a a a a a 8 4 35 10 12 cm 2 1 10 21 20C b b b b b b b b b b b b 13 14 24 c c c 23 32 42
1

0 c 2 60 c 85 28 c 1 162 m by 27 m by 16.2 m 3 c 5 4 2 33
5 9

c c c
5 9

52 1 45

10 a 11 a 12 a

(40 32) =

(72) = 5 8 = 40
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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

Functional Maths Activity: Packaging

Discuss the task with students and lead them to identify the third arrangement. They can do this by drawing or by describing the size of the cuboid. This is a 1 by 2 by 4 cuboid. Now work out the amount of string for any of the arrangements; for example, the cuboid. Make sure students are clear about the shape for which shape they are working out the amount of string. For the cuboid: S = 2 30 + 2 30 + 4 30 + 20 = 260 cm. They should now do the same for the two other shapes. For the 1 by 1 by 8: S = 2 120 + 2 15 + 4 15 + 20 = 350 cm. For the 1 by 2 by 4: S = 2 60 + 2 30 + 4 15 + 20 = 260 cm. Then they should write down a conclusion, referring to the calculated values. Masood should pack either as a cube or a 1 by 2 by 4 package, as these both use the same amount (260 cm) of string.

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

Chapter 5 Statistics: Averages

5.1 The mode
HOMEWORK 5A 1 a 2 d 2 3 4 5 1 b e 15 6
1 2

101

6 7

a E b C4 c d e a 40 b 3 c 112 3 a 31 b i dog ii rabbit iii dog c Both students like rabbits. There are equal numbers of each make, so they are all the mode. a 30 b 2125 marks c The 5 students in the 2630 interval might all have scored fewer than 30 marks. 03 47 811 1215 a Time in minutes 9 13 6 2 Frequency b

47 minutes

Open more checkouts.

5.2 The median

HOMEWORK 5B 1 a 15 b 34 c d 11 e 1.6 2 a 71 kg b 62 kg c Median: it is a central value. 3 a 2 b 3 c No, all scores have about the same frequency. 4 a 27 b 35 c
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22

Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2 28 Could be either with the right reason: girls because the mode is higher, or boys because the median is higher. a Three higher or equal to 11 and 1 less or equal to 11. There are many possible correct answers, e.g. 10, 14, 20 and 20. b 4 higher than or equal to 11 and 2 lower than or equal to 11. c 8 numbers, all 3 or under. The median of 10 g does not take into account the large weight of 4 kg. a e.g. 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 20 b e.g. 7, 8, 9, 10, 10, 20, 20, 20 2|7 3 | 5, 8 4 | 0, 3, 5, 8, 9 5 | 2, 5, 7, 9 6 | 2, 7, 8 7 | 2, 7, 8 8 | 0, 1, 7 Key: 2 | 7 means 27 The median is 57 marks. a 72 b 101 c Pulse rate increases after exercise. d e

6 7 8

5.3 The mean

HOMEWORK 5C 1 a 4 b 24 c 333 d 3.3 e 2 2 a 22.1 b 98.9 c 9.8 d 181.6 e 0.8 3 3 hours 18 minutes 4 a 800 b 910 c i 5 ii 2 d Median, as it does not take into account the extreme values. 5 4 goals 6 a Tango: 6.8, Salsa: 6.2, Ballroom: 6.4, so Kath is right. b David and Hannah c 1: Azan and Phyllis 7 There are many correct answers, e.g. Key family: Brian, Ann, Steve and Albert vs. Charlton family: Hannah, Pete, Chris and George. 8 a 62 b 63 c Fay d 2 9 a 31 b 47

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

5.4 The range

HOMEWORK 5D 1 a 13 d 2.7 2 a 25 d b e b 14 10 16 c c 32 5 years

3 4

6 7 8

a 76 C b 15 Celsius degrees c Similar means, but Cretes temperatures are more consistent. a 10KG: 26, 10RH: 25, 10PB: 27 b 10KG: 2, 10RH: 8, 10PB: 5 c i 10PB: highest mean ii 10KG: smallest range a Week 1: 624.20; week 2: 564; week 3: 666.20 b Week 1: 163; week 2: 280; week 3: 85 c The week with highest mean had the lowest range so is most consistent. a 7 to 12 includes 6 children b 15 to 18 A school football team with all the players in the same school year. a boys: 37, girls: 37 b boys: 28, girls: 36 c Same median, but boys are more consistent.

5.5 Which average to use

HOMEWORK 5E 1 a i mode 6, median 4, mean 4 ii mode 15, median 15, mean 15.1 iii mode 32, median 32, mean 33 b i mean, balanced data ii mode, appears 6 times iii median, 46 is an extreme value 2 a mode 135 g, median 141 g, mean 142.8 g b Mean; takes all weights into account. 3 Adam mean, Faisal median or mode, Maya mode (his scores are bimodal, with modes 0 and 4, but the mean is 3) 4 a 71 kg b 70 kg c Median; 53 kg is an extreme weight. 5 a 59 b 54 c Median, the higher average.
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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2 6 7 a e.g. 1, 1, 4 b e.g. 1.5, 3, 4.5 The teacher might be quoting the mean, while the student is quoting the mode.

5.6 Frequency tables

HOMEWORK 5F 1 a mode = 16, median = 15, mean = 15.3 b mode = 5, median = 5, mean = 4.67 2 a 289 b 2 c 142 d 1.7 3 a 256 b 3.53 c 72 d 158 4 Eggs: 3 and 4. Frequency: 6 and 4 5 Find the total of all the frequencies (52), divide by 2 (26) and identify the median number of days (3).

5.7 Grouped data

HOMEWORK 5G 1 a i 6180 ii 58 b i 20.0130.00 ii 27.40 2 a 79 b 35 minutes c mode 3 The first 5 and the 10 are the wrong way round. 4 Find the mid-point of each group, multiply that by the frequency and add those products. Divide that total by the total frequency.

5.8 Frequency polygons

HOMEWORK 5H 1 a b 1.4 goals

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

37 seconds

4 5

5.3 minutes The majority of customers (over 70%) wait longer than 5 minutes, open more checkouts. 2.49 hours 30 seconds is exactly in the middle of the zero to one minute group. These people are in that band, but it could be that no one actually waited for exactly 30 seconds.

b c

Functional Maths Activity: Words and books

Discuss students answers with them and ask them to explain their reasoning.

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

Chapter 6 Geometry: Perimeter and area

6.1 Perimeter
HOMEWORK 6A 1 a 20 cm b 18 cm c 36 cm d 18 cm e 32 cm f 36 cm 2 Examples of rectangles with perimeters of 14 cm (1 6, 2 5, 3 4) 3 Yes, use fractions of a cm, e.g. a rectangle 2 cm by 2.5 cm. 4 C: the other two both have a perimeter of 16 cm. 5 16 m

6.2 Area of an irregular shape

HOMEWORK 6B 1 2 3 4 5 a 6 cm2 b 13 cm2 c 4 2 cm2
1

d 5 cm2 a 911 cm2 b 1113 cm2 c 1315 cm2 d 1214 cm2 1518 km2 a 7 cm2 b 4 by 4 square 2 Outer area = 36 cm ; inner area 16 cm2: (36 + 16) 2 = 26 cm2

6.3 Area of a rectangle

HOMEWORK 6C 1 a 10 cm2, 14 cm d 36 mm2, 30 mm 2 a 12 cm, 8 cm2 d 5 cm, 16 cm 3 36 cm2 4 a i 100 b i 10 000 2 5 48 cm 6 375 b e b e ii ii 16 cm2, 16 cm c 16 m2, 20 m 200 m2 , 60 m 22 cm, 28 cm2 c 5 cm, 30 cm2 10 cm, 5 cm or 5 cm, 10 cm 300 40 000 iii 1200 iii 100 000

6.4 Area of a compound shape

HOMEWORK 6D 1 a 33 cm2 b 40 cm2 c 60 cm2 d 60 cm2 e 500 cm2 2 a 2.5 m2 b Yes, the area in one roll is 2.5 m2 3 Then bottom length of the shape should be given as 10. This would mean she is incorrect and the area is 52 cm2. 4 6 cm and 4 cm

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

6.5 Area of a triangle

HOMEWORK 6E b 24 cm, 24 cm2 c 70 cm, 210 cm2 1 a 12 cm, 6 cm2 2 a 40 cm2 b 168 m2 c 32 m2 2 3 162 cm 4 c: 24 cm2 5 Jen, as she used the correct height; Jack used the slanting side. 6 120 cm2 HOMEWORK 6F b 35 cm2 c 308 cm2 1 a 20 cm2 e 54 cm2 f 100 cm2 d 7.5 m2 2 a 24 cm2 b 35 cm2 c 12.5 cm2 d 6 cm e 5 cm 2 3 a 1800 cm b 144 cm2 c 116 cm2 4 Students should have drawn two triangles with the product of base and height 80 cm2. 5 3 cm 6 Areas are the same but the perimeters are different. 7 40

6.6 Area of a parallelogram

HOMEWORK 6G 1 a 15 cm2 d 240 cm2 2 256 cm2 3 4 b and c; 24 cm
1 2

40 cm2

16 m2

12 6 = 36 cm2 and 9 4 = 36 cm2

6.7 Area of a trapezium

HOMEWORK 6H b 36 cm, 66.5 cm2 1 a 23.1 cm, 28 cm2 2 a 89 m2 b 35.5 cm2 b 24 cm2 3 a 45 cm2 4 a is larger (a is 10 cm2 and b is 9.6 cm2) 5 Incorrect multiplication of terms inside brackets (she should have multiplied both terms by 1 ) and units are incorrect; correct answer is 65 cm2. 2 6 7 68.75 m2 a + b = 8 with a < b

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

Problem-solving activity: Picks theorem

Pick's theorem provides a simple formula for calculating the area, A, of a polygon constructed on a grid of equally spaced points, so that each vertex is located on one of the grid points. This would be like every vertex falling on the grid lines of a coordinate graph so that they all have integer coordinates. If the number of points that fall inside the polygon is taken as i and the number of points that are located exactly on the perimeter of the polygon is b, then the area is given by: b A = i + 1 2

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

Chapter 7 Number: Ratios, speed and proportion

7.1 Ratio
HOMEWORK 7A 1 a 1:3 d 1:3 g 5:8 j 5:2 2 a 1:4 d 2:5 g 10 : 3 j 1:5 3 4 5 6 7 a a a
1 16

b e h b e h b b b

1:5 2:3 15 : 2 3:4 2:5 1:3

3 4 3 5
9 10

c f i c f i

1:6 3:5 2:5 1:8 8 : 15 3:8

1 4 2 5 1 10

100 tonnes

2:1

HOMEWORK 7B 1 a 2 : 8 b 4 : 8 c 10 : 30 d 10 g : 50 g e 1h:9h 2 a 300 b 100 3 2 m and 18 m 4 a 10 kg : 15 kg b 18 days : 12 days c 30 m : 40 m d 1.50 : 3.50 e 15 h : 9 h 5 400 6 45 7 6 8 Gas bill: 30; electricity bill: 36; she will need to pay 3 on the electricity bill. 9 a 1 : 1.5 b 1 : 2.5 c 1 : 1.25 d 1 : 1.6 e 1 : 2.1 10
1 30

HOMEWORK 7C 1 20 2 80 3 a 15 litres b 25 litres 4 a 80 kg b 5 kg 5 90 6 a 200 g b 320 g 7 a 4000 b 6000 8 Freds, at 4 : 1; Jodies is only 3 . 5 : 1.

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

7.2 Speed, time and distance

HOMEWORK 7D 1 15 mph 2 180 miles 3 46 mph 4 2pm 5 a 30 mph d 6 7 8 9 50 km

b e b b b

50 km/h 3
1 4

c f

20 miles 3 hours 36 minutes

hours

a 130 km a 30 minutes a 1.25 h 24 mph

52 km/h 12 mph 45 miles

7.3 Direct proportion problems

HOMEWORK 7E 1 8 2 2.16 3 49.60 4 a 2.25 b 20 5 a 27.20 b 11 6 a 6 litres b 405 miles 7 48 seconds 8 a i 50 g margarine, 2 tbsp golden syrup, 40 g sugar, 100 g oats ii 200 g margarine, 8 tbsp golden syrup, 160 g sugar, 400 g oats iii 250 g margarine, 10 tbsp golden syrup, 200 g sugar, 500 g oats b 60 9 6

7.4 Best buys

HOMEWORK 7F 1 a 2.50 for a twin-pack b 2.20 for 1 c 95p for 10 d 2.75 for 750 grams 2 a large size, 4.0 g/p b 200 g bar, 2.2 g/p c 500 g tin, 0.64 g/p d large jar, 3.8 g/p 3 large size 4 72p, 66p, 70p, 65p; the 3-litre bottle 5 3 for the price of 2, 1500 g for 3.38 6 Hannahs mark, since it is equivalent to 85 out of 100. Johns mark is equivalent to 80 out of 100.

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

Functional Maths Activity: Average speeds

1 2 3 4 5 60 mph Answers will vary, check individual students responses. i 80 mph ii 48 mph i 68.6 mph ii 53.3 mph Answers will vary, check individual students responses.

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

Chapter 8 Algebra: Equations and inequalities

8.1 Solving simple linear equations
HOMEWORK 8A 1 a x=6 d t = 11 g k=8 j b=1 2 3 b e h k y=7 p=4 n=5 c = 14
x = 12 or x 3 = 21. 2

c f i l

s=3 q=3 a=6 d=5

Any valid equation, such as

a A and B both have 18 as the solution. b A and C both have the x-term on top. c B and C both use the same letter and numbers. 4 2x = 38, x = 19 5 10y = 950, y = 95, I litre costs 95p HOMEWORK 8B 1 a 4 b 2 c d 6 e 2 f g 3 h 1 i j 6 k 10 l m 12 n 9 o 2
x + 2 = 32 4

5 4 5 18 20

3 2 HOMEWORK 8C 1 a 1 d 4 g 3 j 14 2 3

b e h k

7 5 1 9
x x + 2 = 8, +1=5 4 6

c f i l

2 8 3.5 10

Any valid equation such as a b

Student 1 2nd line: Student 2 adds 3 instead of subtracting 3. 4th line: Student 2 divides by 2 instead of multiplying by 2. HOMEWORK 8D 1 a 3 b 4 c 4 d 5 e 10 f 6 g 6 h 3 i 16 j 6 k 5 l 2 2 a 10 b 14 c 36 3 a 7.5 b 9 4 48

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

8.2 Solving equations with brackets

HOMEWORK 8E 1 a 3 b 7 c 1 d 5 e 6 f 3 g 2 h 2 i 3 j 1.5 k 1.25 l 1.1 2 a = 5, b = 2 and c = 4 3 Zak is wrong. He has not multiplied the brackets correctly, and gets 10x + 3 = 13 in both cases. First equation: x = 0.2, second equation: x = 0.7.

8.3 Equations with the variable on both sides

HOMEWORK 8F 1 a 2 d 3 g 2 j 2.5 2 5x + 2 = 3x 6, x = 4 3 a 9 d 18 4 x = 4, perimeter = 27 cm b e h 4 4 2 c f i 7 5 0

8.4 Setting up equations

HOMEWORK 8G 1 a 3 b 4 2 a 24p + 100 = 1060 b 40p 3 a B: 1500 gallons, C: 4500 gallons, D: 3000 gallons b 7200 gallons c 2400 gallons 4 a 12p 2 = 7 b 0.75 5 Length is 5 m, width is 4 m and area is 45 m2. Carpet costs 13.50 per square metre. 6 Derek bought the equivalent of 4 magazines, so 1 magazine costs 1.50, so a book costs 3.00. A book and a magazine together cost 4.50; 22.50 4.50 = 5, so Kerry bought 5 magazines. 7 7 years old 8 8 years old 9 5 10 6 cm, 6 cm, 5 cm, 10 cm, 5 cm 11 crime: 20, science fiction: 28, romance: 17 12 5 13 12 14 a 50p: 10, 1: 20, 2: 14 b 53 15 5x + 120 = 3x + 908, 2x = 788, x = 394 n 2 n 2 16 a 6 b 8 c , + 5 2 2
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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

n 2 n 2 + 5 = n, = n 5, n 2 = 2n 10, n = 8 2 2 17 Put any pair of sides equal, e.g. 3x + 1 = 4x 1 and solve. Solution x = 2. Put 2 into each expression for the sides: all sides equal 7; so the answer is yes, if x = 2.
d

8.5 Trial and improvement

HOMEWORK 8H 1 a 2 and 3 d 6 and 7 2 3.6 3 a 1 and 2 d 4 and 5 4 a 3.2 d 7.0 5 3.5 6 4.7 7 a x3 + 3x2 = 1000 8 3.3 9 7.6 and 2.6 b 3 and 4 c 9 and 10

b b

3 and 4 4.6

c c

4 and 5 5.4

9.1 cm

8.6 Rearranging formulae

HOMEWORK 8I 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x=
y 3 2

u = v + 10 y=
T 2 3

q = p q = pL b= a a b
2a 1 5

180 4.30 pm i
n= T 55 10

t=

v u 10

ii

6
6 x + 90 (or 9

6x = 9y 90 (or 2x = 3y 30), y =

y =

2 x + 30 3

90p

10 First journey time = 1 hour 30 minutes. Return takes 2 hours. Average speed = 45 mph.

8.7 Solving linear inequalities

HOMEWORK 8J 1 a x<5 d x<3
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b e

t>8 y6

c f

p8 t>9

Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2 g x < 13 h y 11 i t 37 j x < 10 k x0 l t 7.5 2 a 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 b 1 c 25, 16, 9, 4, 1 d 5, 3, 1 e 7, 5, 3, 2 3 3x + 3.50 < 6, 3x < 2.50, so the most a can could cost was 83p. 4 6x 2 10, so x 2 or 6x 2 16, so x 3. Hence the sides are 2 by 3 or 3 by 5, so the area is between 6 cm2 and 15 cm2. 5 a i x > 0, x = 2, x < 9 ii x = 3, x 3, x < 2 b Any value between 3 (inclusive) and 9 (not included). HOMEWORK 8K 1 a x1 b x<2 c x > 2 d x0 e x > 5 f x 1 2 a

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2 h

a d g j a b c

x4 b x < 2 c x5 x>3 e x 1.5 f x4 x>7 h x < 1 i x<7 x3 k x > 24 l x 2 Because 2 CDs plus the DVD cost more than 20; x > 5.25. Because 2 CDs plus the lipstick is less than 20; x 6.50.

or 5 d 6 Any two inequalities that overlap only on the integers 5, 6, 7 and 8; for example, x 5 and x < 9.

Problem-solving Activity: Number problems

Establish that the first number, as in the problem, is 3. Discuss why it cannot be 2 or 5 and make sure students can interpret all the conditions to define the number. Students answers will vary.

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

Chapter 9 Probability: Calculating probabilities

9.1 Addition rule for events
HOMEWORK 9A 1 2 3 4 5 a a a a a d 6 a d e a a
6 15 1 2 1 2
1 13

b b b b b

1 6 1 2
1 13

c c c c c

2 3

1
2 13

3 10
11 15

3 10 2 3

3 5

2 3

0.75 b 0.6 0.6 i because 3 and blue overlap

3 5

c ii c

0.25 0.5
3 5

7 8 9

b b
2 5

4 5

3 or 10
1 10

Not certain he has 3 double yolks to start with.

10 a d

20

60

11 Each day has to be considered independently and you cannot add their respective probabilities together.

9.2 Experimental probability

HOMEWORK 9B 1 2 3 4 5 6 a a
1 5

, ,

1 3 , 20 5
17 120

9 , 17 50 100

7 40

17 100

b b

1 6

11 60

7 40

3 , 13 20 60

2 15

20

c Yes: all frequencies are close to 20. a i 90 ii 60 iii 30 b 0.4 Mon: 0.145; Tue: 0.166; Wed: 0.134; Thu: 0.141; Fri: 0.146 The spinner could be considered unfair since the 3 only landed 31 times and the majority of the other numbers landed over the anticipated 40 times. Although you would expect the probability to be close to
1 2

, hence 25 tails, we

know that there is more chance of the number of tails being close to 25 rather than actually 25.

9.3 Combined events

HOMEWORK 9C 1 Check correctly completed sample space diagram.
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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

1 36

a d

7 i iv
1 18

b ii v

2 and 12
1 12

c iii vi

1 6 1 4

1 2

1 6

(1, H), (2, H), (3, H), (4, H), (5, H), (6, H) (1, T), (2, T), (3, T), (4, T), (5, T), (6, T) a
1 12

1 4

1 6

a b

(H, 1), (H, 2), (H, 3), (H, 4), (H, 5), (T, 1), (T, 2), (T, 3), (T, 4), (T, 5)
3 10

a First number 2 4 6 8 4 6 8 10 6 8 10 12 8 10 12 14 10 12 14 16 12 14 16 18 ii v b
1 25 9 25

2 Second 4 number 6 8 10 b i iv 5 6 7 a
3 64
7 12

10 12 14 16 18 20 iii 0

1 5
4 25

3 4

It will show him all the possible products he is able to get from each combination.

9.4 Expectation
HOMEWORK 9D 1 100 2 250 3 a 52 b 8 c 4 d 2 4 18 5 1667 6 a 100 b 100 c 130 d 0 7 120 8 a You cannot add probabilities for events like this. b Increase, as he is more experienced. 9 a 33 b 83 10 a 28 000 b 90% of 112 is 100.8 out of 200, so they should win. 11 30 times 12 Multiply the number of students by 0.14
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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

9.5 Two-way tables

HOMEWORK 9E 1 a i iv 2 a d g 3 Score on second dice 6 5 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 0 1 1 2 1 0 1 2 3 2 0 1 2 3 4 5 3 2 3 4 5 6 7 4 4 5 6 7 8 9 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 6
1 6 1 6
5 36

ii v b e

1 4 1 2
11 36

iii vi c f

1 6
29 36
1 9

3 4
10 36

1 36

11 36

or

5 18

Score on first dice a d 4 5 6 7 a a a

1 12

b e b b b

1 6
11 36

1 2

1 6 1 2
1 4
1 12

1 2
3 8 1 4

c c

3 4
7 8

a DD, TD, HD, TT, HH, TH DH DH b Hyac Tulip DT DT Daff DD DD Daff DD DD Daff Daff c
1 4

TH TT TD TD Tulip

HH HT HD HD Hyac

There are relatively more daffodils.

a b c
17 36

British: smaller range British: the mean is smaller, so you get more cucumbers in the 5 kg weight. 210 g

10 Either Senuri because she had heavier beans, or Christos because he had longer beans.
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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

Functional Maths activity: Lottery competition

1 2 3 This is a problem involving repeated selection without replacement. 1 1 1 1 The probability of Andrew winning will be 20 19 18 17 . Discuss students answers. All numbers should have equal probability initially. Discuss students answers. The probability of any employee winning is slim, so the charity should do well.

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

Chapter 10 Algebra: Patterns

10.1 Patterns in number
HOMEWORK 10A 1 7 11 13 6 = 6006, 7 11 13 7 = 7007 2 3 7 13 37 6 = 60 606, 3 7 13 37 7 = 70 707 3 7 9 = 82 1 = 63, 8 10 = 92 1 = 80 4 7 11 = 92 4 = 77, 8 12 = 102 4 = 96 5 9009 6 80 808 7 15 015 8 151 515 9 999 999 10 a The total is 45 in each case. b 3 central number c 3 2 = 36

10.2 Number sequences

HOMEWORK 10B 1 a 12, 14, 16; + 2 b 15, 18, 21; + 3 c 32, 64, 128; 2 d 33, 40, 47; + 7 e 30 000, 300 000, 3 000 000; 10 f 25, 36, 49; square numbers 2 a 34, 55; add previous two terms b 23, 30; add one more each time 3 a 112, 224, 448; 2 b 38, 45, 52; + 7 c 63, 127, 255; add twice the difference each time or 2 + 1 d 30, 25, 19; subtract one more each time e 38, 51, 66; add two more each time f 25, 32, 40; add one more each time g 13, 15, 16; + 2, + 1 h 20, 23, 26; + 3 i 32, 40, 49; add one more each time j 0, 5, 11; subtract one more each time k 0.32, 0.064, 0.0128; 5 l 0.1875, 0.093 75, 0.046 875; 2 4 a Alexander b Jack, Briony, Fran, David, Greta, Ellie, Chris, Isabel, Hermione, Alexander 5 No, they will not. The first sequence increases by 6 each time and the second increases by 3 each time. As 6 is a multiple of 3, the terms of the second sequence will always be 4 different from each term in the first sequence, e.g. 5, 1; 11, 7; 17, 13. 6 92, 80, 68, 56, 44, 32, 20, 8

10.3 The nth term of a sequence

HOMEWORK 10C 1 a 4, 7, 10, 13, 16
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1, 3, 5, 7, 9

6, 10, 14, 18, 22

Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2 d a d 1, a d 2, 8, 18, 32, 50 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 2, 5, 10, 17, 26
2 3

2 3 4

e b e

0, 3, 8, 15, 24 3, 7, 11, 15, 19 3, 9, 19, 33, 51

1, 5, 9, 13, 17

3 5

4 7

5 9

290 b 490 c 6 4 sessions plus 3 sessions costs 160 + 125 = 285. 7 sessions cost 255, so he would have saved 30.
2 3

The fractions are

3 5

4 7

5 9

6 11

7 13

8 15

9 17

, which as decimals are 0.6666,

3 5

0.6, 0.571..., 0.5555, 0.54545..., 0.5384..., 0.53333, 0.529..., so only

gives

a terminating decimal. The denominators that give terminating decimals are power of 5, e.g. 5, 25, 125, 625. 6 106 4n = 6n 4, rearrange as 6n + 4n = 106 + 4, solve to get n = 11. HOMEWORK 10D 1 a 2n + 3 b 4n + 2 c 5n + 1 d 6n 3 e 3n + 1 f 7n 4 2 a 101 b 201 c 253 d 296 e 152 f 345 3 a i 7n 2 ii 698 iii 103 b i 2n + 7 ii 207 iii 99 c i 5n 3 ii 497 iii 102 d i 4n 2 ii 398 iii 98 or 102 e i 8n 3 ii 797 iii 101 f i n+5 ii 105 iii 100 4 a 1000 b 5 6 a d a c d i n3 + 1 ii b e b ii 2n3 2k + 3 2 3n + 4 0.0.666 111 88 iii c
1 2

n3

2k + 2.5 2k + 5 2n + 1 i
2001 3004

2k + 4

No, as the bottom includes +4 and the top is only +1 so it will always be less . than 2 3

10.4 Special sequences

HOMEWORK 10E 1 a 36 (729), 37 (2187), 38 (6561) 2 b i 3n 1 ii 2 3n a even b odd d even e even g odd h even 10 + 15 = 25 = 52; 15 + 21 = 36 = 62 a C b C d E c f even even

3 4

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

10.5 General rules from given patterns

HOMEWORK 10F 1 a 12 2 a b b 3n 5n + 1 c 17

c a

126

diagram 39

5 6

b 9n + 1 c 541 d 11 a Check student has drawn an equilateral triangle. b Perimeter is 36 cm. c Perimeter is 48 cm. d 64 cm e 63 100 000 000 000 cm, which is about 631 million kilometres a 20 b 120 Number of counters needed at each step is 6, 12, 18, 24, ... Total number is 6, 18, 36, 60, . Keep this pattern (add 6 more each time) going gives 6, 18, 36, 60, 90, 126, 168, 216, 270, 330, 309, 468, 546, 630, 720, 816, 918, 1026, ... So Harry can get to the 17th step before he runs out of counters.

Problem-solving Activity: Pascals triangle

1 1, 6, 15, 20, 15, 6. 1 1, 7, 21, 35, 35, 21, 7, 1 1, 8, 28, 56, 70, 56, 28, 8, 1 Each row is symmetrical. The second diagonal is the integers. The triangular numbers. 2n Blaise Pascal (16231662) was a French mathematician. The numbers in Pascals triangle give the combinations for selecting three items from four, for example, if there are 4 items A, B, C and D there are four combinations of three, which are ABC, ABD, ACD, BCD, and there are six combinations of two, which are AB, AC, AD, BC, BD, CD. These are the numbers in the 5th row of Pascals triangle.

2 3 4 5

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

Chapter 11 Geometry: Surface area and volume of 3D shapes

11.1 Units of volume
HOMEWORK 11A 1 24 cm3 2 30 cm3 3 35 cm3 4 40 cm3

11.2 Surface area and volume of a cuboid

HOMEWORK 11B ii 108 cm2 1 a i 72 cm3 b i 100 cm3 ii 160 cm2 c i 180 cm3 ii 222 cm2 d i 125 cm3 ii 150 cm2 2 24 cm3, 5 cm, 5 cm, 6 cm 3 90 m3 4 a 60 cm3 b 160 cm3 c 120 cm3 5 35 6 384 cm2 7 NB. In the book the total surface area should be 216 cm2 not 21 cm2. If this were a cube, the side length would be 6 cm, so the total surface area would be 6 6 6 = 216 cm2 so yes, this particular cuboid could be a cube.

11.3 Surface area and volume of a prism

HOMEWORK 11C b 528 cm2 1 a 480 cm3 2 a i 10.5 m2 ii 42 m3 ii 250 m3 b i 25 m2 3 a 187.8 g b 189 g 3 4 a 344 m b 58 5 37 6 Fill the 5-litre jug, then from that fill the 2-litre jug twice. There is 1 litre of water left in the 5-litre jug, which can be poured into the glass bottle so that 1 litre can be marked. From there on, it is simple.

11.4 Volume of a cylinder

HOMEWORK 11D b 1 a 549.8 cm3 3 d 572.6 cm 2 a 754.0 cm3 b 3 4.0 kg 4 a 176 cm3 b 3 b 5 a 8100 cm d She would only need 1
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2513.3 cm3 117.8 cm3 1152 cm3 35.34 cm3

c c

2261.9 cm3 1460.1 cm3

458

Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2 6 7 2761 full lorries The paper on the roll is 35 cm thick. The number of layers will be 35 0.004 = 8750. Taking the average radius as 22.5 cm, find the average circumference as 2 22.5 = 141.372 cm, then multiply this by 8750 to get 1 237 002.107 cm, which rounds to 12 370 metres or 12.37 km.

Functional Maths Activity: Baking cakes

1 Yes, the volume of the 18 cm tin is 763.4 cm3, the volume of the 25 cm tin is 1472.6 cm3, which is approximately double that of the smaller tin, so she needs to double the amounts of the ingredients. The volume of the square tin is 768 cm3, which is close to the volume of the 18 cm circular tin, so she will need 100 g of flour. Comparing the volume of the 25 cm circular tin, she would need a tin about 22 cm square.

2 3

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

Chapter 12 Geometry: Transformations 2

12.2 Translations
HOMEWORK 12A 1 a b

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2 c d

i iv

() ()
7 1 7 1

ii v

() ()
10 2 3 3

iii vi

() ()
3 2 4 3

ae

5 6

(), ( ), ( ) or (), ( ), ( ) 0 or ()
2 5 3 3 5 2 5 2 3 3 2 5

0 0

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

12.2 Reflections
HOMEWORK 12B 1 a b

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2 3 a, b

c 4 5 6

Congruent C O, D B, L U , T I, V W An equilateral triangle. ae

Reflection in y = x

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

12.3 Rotations
HOMEWORK 12C 1 a b

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

ac

4 5

d Rotation 90 clockwise about O Check students own designs. There will be many different possibilities here, for example, taking the centre triangle as ABC: Rotate 60 clockwise about B, rotate image 180 about B, rotate image 120 anticlockwise about C. ad

C: always true

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

12.4 Enlargements
HOMEWORK 12D 1 a b

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2 3 a b

4 5 6

Check students own designs. It would have to be drawn with a scale factor of 1. By a factor of 16

Problem-solving Activity: Transformation problem 2

Check students answers. Ask them to explain their reasoning and encourage them to investigate different combinations.

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

Chapter 13 Geometry: Circles

13.1 Drawing circles
HOMEWORK 13A 1 a Radius 1 cm, diameter 2 cm b Radius 2.5 cm, diameter 5.0 cm c Radius 3.0 cm, diameter 6.0 cm 2 Check students circles. a Radius 1.5 cm b Radius 4 cm c Diameter 7 cm d Diameter 9.6 cm 3 Check students accurate diagrams. 4 Check students accurate diagrams. Diameter is 5 cm. 5 2.9 cm 6 a = 12 cm, b = 18 cm 7 a tangent b Check students diagrams with radius OY drawn.

c It is a right angle. 22

13.2 The circumference of a circle

HOMEWORK 13B 1 a 9.4 cm b 28.3 cm d 37.7 cm e 66.0 cm 2 a 12.6 cm b 22.0 cm d 62.8 cm e 78.5 cm 3 48 m 4 a 314.2 m b 16 5 51.4 m 6 12.7 cm 7 15.9 cm 8 2(r + 1) 2r = 2r + 2 2r = 2 9 850 (2 sf) c c 31.4 cm 44.0 cm

13.3 The area of a circle

HOMEWORK 13C 1 a 12.6 cm2 d 314.2 cm2 2 a 3.1 cm2 d 227.0 cm2 3 a Yes.
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b e b e

113.1 cm2 452.4 cm2 28.3 cm2 490.9 cm2

c c

201.1 cm2 78.5 cm2

Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2 b A tablecloth with a diameter of 1 metre. a 113.1 m2 b 7m c 153.9 m2 d 40.8 m2 e No, he needs about 41 square metres and the cost would be close to 500. a 357 m b 6963 m2 a 15.9 cm b 8.0 cm 2 c 199.0 cm (using the value on the calculator for part b); rounded value of 8.0 cm gives 201.1 cm2. 9.3 cm2 Choose a value for d, the radius will be 1 d. Working out the area, using either 2 the diameter or radius, should then give the same answer. d 2 2 d ) , so A = A = r2 = ( 1 2 4 2 189.3 cm

5 6

7 8

13.4 Answers in terms of

HOMEWORK 13D 1 a 7 cm b 10 cm c 19 cm d 6 cm b 12.25 cm2 c 81 cm2 2 a 64 cm2 d 20.25 cm2 3 15 4 He doubled the radius instead of squaring it; correct answer is 64 cm2. 5 4 cm 6 6 cm 20 cm 7

20 cm 9 a i (4 + 8) cm b i (2 + 16) m 2 10 4a a2
8

ii ii

8 cm2 (2 + 24) m2

Functional Maths Activity: Track-and-field event measurement

1 2 3 4 5 6 9620 m2 1608 m2 401 m 464 m 30 km/h Discuss students answers. They could try internet searches to explore reasons.

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

Chapter 14 Geometry: Constructing bisectors and loci

14.1 Bisectors
HOMEWORK 14A 14 Check students own drawings. 5

Students should: a construct and bisect an angle of 60, then bisect one of the angles of 30 to get 15 b construct an angle of 60, then use one of its sides to construct an angle of 75 to make 75. Because each angle bisector is the locus of points equidistant from the two sides enclosing the bisected angle; therefore the point where they all meet will be the only point equidistant from all three sides.

14.2 Loci
HOMEWORK 14B 1

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2 3 4 Sphere, radius 1 metre a

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2 7

8 9

Check students own drawings.

Note: the starting point may be any point along the locus. 10 The smallest number is 4. He can cover the whole courtyard if a camera is placed at the centre of each side. Other arrangements are possible. HOMEWORK 14C 1

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2 3

4 5 6 7 8

a Check students diagrams. b No c No No a Check students diagrams. b No Between 50 and 210 km b: The locus is just two points.

Functional Maths Activity: Loci

1 Check students diagrams.

Check students diagrams.

3 4 5

The distance between the centre of the coin and the edge of the box would be halved. Similar in the plan view, depending on the size of the marble, but it would be three-dimensional, the height of the radius above the base of the box. Discuss students answers, referring to the hint and the locus described in part 4.

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

Chapter 15 Algebra: Quadratic graphs

15.1 Drawing quadratic graphs
HOMEWORK 15A 1 a

x y = 2x2 b y=4

3 18

2 8

1 2 c

0 0 2.2

1 2

2 8

3 18

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2 2 a

x y = x2 + 3 b 9.2

5 28

4 19 c

3 12 2.6

2 7

1 4

0 3

1 4

2 7

3 12

4 19

5 28

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2 3 a

x y = x2 3x + 2 b 8.75

3 20 c

2 12

1 6

0 2

1 0

2 0

3 2

4 6

0.15, 3.15

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2 4 a

5 6

x 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 2 10 4 0 2 2 0 4 10 y = x 5x + 4 b x = 1, x = 4 c 2.25 d 0.7, 5.7 B and C Car headlights are parabolic in shape and the bulb is at the focus, so that the headlight beam shines straight forward and isnt dispersed all around the car.

Problem-solving activity: Drawing quadratic graphs

The graph of y = x2 ax will cross the x-axis at (0, 0) and (a, 0). The graph of y = x2 + bx will cross the x-axis at (0, 0) and (b, 0).

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

Chapter 16 Geometry: Pythagoras theorem

16.1 Pythagoras theorem
HOMEWORK 14A 1 5 cm 2 4.4 cm 3 10.6 cm 4 35.4 cm 5 a, b, d, f, g, h 6 56.6 cm 7 One side of square is
1 2

of 82 = 32

Area of square = 32 32 = 32

16.2 Finding a shorter side

HOMEWORK 16B 1 a 23.7 cm b 22.2 cm c 6.9 cm d 32.6 cm e 8.1 cm f 760 m g 0.9 cm h 12 m 2 a 10 m b 27.2 cm c 29.4 m d 12.4 cm 3 6.7 m 4 224 km 5 The sum of the areas of the two smaller semicircles is equal to the area of the larger semicircle. 6 An equilateral triangle

16.3 Solving problems using Pythagoras theorem

HOMEWORK 16C 1 9.0 m 2 3.2 m 3 14.1 m 4 10 km 5 3.2 km 6 a 7.9 m b 3.9 m 7 1.4 units 8 12.0 cm2 9 Yes, 412 = 402 + 92 = 1681 10 14.8 units 11 616 km 12 Diameter 5 cm, height 12 cm or diameter 12 cm, height 5 cm

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Answers: Edexcel Linear, Homework Book Foundation 2

Problem-solving activity: Pythagoras theorem

1 2 3 4 5 6 Check students answers, may depend on the size of paper! Check students answers. For the nth triangle drawn, the hypotenuse is 22 + n . Check students answers, may depend on the size of paper! Check students answers. For the nth triangle drawn, the hypotenuse is

52 n .

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