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    Groundwater in Math Problems, Show All Work

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    prabhjotsingh592
    1. This document provides instructions for Lab 6 on groundwater hydrology. It introduces concepts like porosity, specific yield, hydraulic conductivity, confined and unconfined aquifers, Darcy's Law, and more. 2. The document contains 6 math problems to calculate values related to groundwater such as hydraulic conductivity, groundwater discharge, water table height change, groundwater flow rate and velocity, and total tributary length and base flow from an aquifer.

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    Groundwater in Math Problems, Show All Work

    Uploaded by

    prabhjotsingh592
    64 views4 pages
    1. This document provides instructions for Lab 6 on groundwater hydrology. It introduces concepts like porosity, specific yield, hydraulic conductivity, confined and unconfined aquifers, Darcy's Law, and more. 2. The document contains 6 math problems to calculate values related to groundwater such as hydraulic conductivity, groundwater discharge, water table height change, groundwater flow rate and velocity, and total tributary length and base flow from an aquifer.

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    ground water

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    E345_L06

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    1. This document provides instructions for Lab 6 on groundwater hydrology. It introduces concepts like porosity, specific yield, hydraulic conductivity, confined and unconfined aquifers, Darcy's Law, and more. 2. The document contains 6 math problems to calculate values related to groundwater such as hydraulic conductivity, groundwater discharge, water table height change, groundwater flow rate and velocity, and total tributary length and base flow from an aquifer.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    64 views4 pages

    Groundwater in Math Problems, Show All Work

    Uploaded by

    prabhjotsingh592
    1. This document provides instructions for Lab 6 on groundwater hydrology. It introduces concepts like porosity, specific yield, hydraulic conductivity, confined and unconfined aquifers, Darcy's Law, and more. 2. The document contains 6 math problems to calculate values related to groundwater such as hydraulic conductivity, groundwater discharge, water table height change, groundwater flow rate and velocity, and total tributary length and base flow from an aquifer.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    EAS 345 HYDROLOGY

    Lab 6

    Name__________________________________ Last First GROUNDWATER

    In Math Problems, show all work. Introdu tion! In man" #$a es% #eo#$e obtain t&eir 'ater (rom t&e )round! *&e tota$ )round 'ater reser+oir on Eart& is some ,-./06 1m3% '&i & (ar e2 eeds t&e a#a it" o( a$$ t&e 'or$d3s ri+ers and $a1es ombined! *&is )round 'ater is $ar)e$" on(ined to t&e sma$$ s#a es bet'een )rains o( soi$ or in t&e sma$$ ra 1s in t&e ro 1s! Near t&e sur(a e t&ese s#a es are on$" #art$" (i$$ed 'it& 'ater and #art$" (i$$ed 'it& air! *&is 4one is 1no'n as t&e +adose 4one or t&e 4one o( aeration! 5e$o' a $e+e$ 1no'n as t&e 'ater tab$e% a$$ t&e #ore s#a es are (i$$ed 'it& 'ater! 6orosit" is t&e #er enta)e o( t&e tota$ ro 1 +o$ume t&at an be o u#ied b" 'ater! *&us i( a o$umn o( ro 1 . meter &i)& &as a #orosit" o( P7!4 t&at means t&at i( a$$ t&e 'ater 'ere remo+ed it 'ou$d be a o$umn !4 m &i)&! Genera$$"% t&e #orosit" o( soi$s is about 8/94/: and de reases 'it& de#t& in t&e soi$ or eart&; A ro 1 (i$$ed to its #orosit" is <ust $i1e a soa1ed s#on)e! =&en t&e s#on)e is a$$o'ed to dri#% it 'i$$ not )i+e u# a$$ its 'ater! *&e #er enta)e o( 'ater t&at an dri# o(( b" t&e a tion o( )ra+it" is 1no'n as t&e s#e i(i "ie$d% Sy! Genera$$" t&e s#e i(i "ie$d o( ro 1 and soi$ is about ./98/:! =&en t&e soi$ or ro 1 &as dri##ed a$$ it an t&e amount o( 'ater remainin) is 1no'n as t&e (ie$d a#a it"! *&is 'ater is &e$d b" a#i$$ar" a tion% '&i & in reases as )rain si4e de reases! At t&e (ie$d a#a it" #$ant roots an sti$$ e2tra t some o( t&e remainin) 'ater! 6$ants an e2tra t )round 'ater unti$ it rea &es a #oint 1no'n as t&e 'i$tin) #oint! For most soi$s e2 e#t t&e (inest $a"s% 'ater +o$ume #er enta)e at t&e 'i$tin) #oint is some'&at $ess t&an ./:! In a on(ined a>ui(er 'ater annot dri# o(( so t&e a+ai$ab$e 'ater is due to t&e om#ressibi$it" o( t&e ro 1 and 'ater $a"er% and is mu & $ess t&an t&e s#e i(i "ie$d! *&e re$e+ant >uantit" is t&en t&e Storati+it"% S% or t&e +o$ume o( 'ater e2tra ted (rom an a>ui(er #er unit area and unit $o'erin) o( t&e &ead or t&e 'ater tab$e! S is t"#i a$$" ./93 and ./95 (or a on(ined a>ui(er but e>ua$s s#e i(i "ie$d% S" (or an un on(ined a>ui(er! =&en 'ater ($o's t&rou)& t&e )round% t&e soi$ or ro 1 is #ermeab$e! ?ost soi$s -e2 e#t (ine $a"s0 and some ro 1s su & as sandstone are #ermeab$e to some de)ree! @r"sta$$ine ro 1s su & as )ranite are +irtua$$" im#ermeab$e un$ess ridd$ed 'it& <oints and ra 1s! 6ermeab$e ro 1s are a$$ed a>ui(ers '&i$e im#ermeab$e ro 1s are a$$ed a>uitards! 6ermeab$e soi$s and ro 1s &a+e a &i)& &"drau$i ondu ti+it"% K! *&e &"drau$i ondu ti+it" o( di((erent ro 1s and soi$s is &i)&$" +ariab$e! In )enera$% t&e oarser t&e )rains and t&e $ar)er t&e ra 1s in t&e ro 1s t&e $ar)er t&e +a$ue o( K% '&i & an ran)e (rom ./9. or &i)&er in oarse )ra+e$ to $ess t&an ./ 9A in (ine $a"s and )ranite! ?an" sedimentar" ro 1s o(ten are $a"ered in su & a manner t&at a>ui(ers are on(ined bet'een im#ermeab$e ro 1 $a"ers! Su & $a"ers are 1no'n as on(ined a>ui(ers! Buite o(ten it is ne essar" to dri$$ a 'e$$ t&rou)& an im#ermeab$e $a"er to rea & t&e a>ui(er! On o asion t&e #ressure or &ead in t&e a>ui(er is so $ar)e t&at its 'ater 'i$$ rise and ($o' out on t&e sur(a e on e t&e im#ermeab$e $a"er &as been #enetrated! *&is is 1no'n as an artesian 'e$$! *&e basi $a' o( )round 'ater ($o' is Dar "3s e>uation% q h =- K A x

    '&ere% q is t&e dis &ar)e or ($o' rate A is t&e ross se tiona$ area K is t&e &"drau$i ondu ti+it" h is t&e &ead or t&e &ei)&t o( t&e (ree 'ater tab$e! Dar "3s e>uation states t&at t&e rate o( 'ater ($o' is #ro#ortiona$ to t&e s$o#e o( t&e 'ater tab$e% and 'ater ($o's (rom #oints '&ere t&e 'ater tab$e is &i)&er to '&ere it is $o'er! =ater 'i$$ )enera$$" ($o' do'ns$o#e% but in ases '&ere 'ater is on(ined it ma" a tua$$" ($o' u#'ards! *&e (orm o( Dar "3s e>uation is identi a$ to t&e (orm o( t&e $assi a$ &eat ondu tion e>uation% and man" o( its so$utions &a+e been borro'ed dire t$" (rom so$utions to &eat ondu tion #rob$ems! *&e ($o' #er unit 'idt& in a on(ined a>ui(er o( t&i 1ness% H is% q h = - KH L x 5e ause t&e #rodu t% KH a##ears so o(ten% it is (re>uent$" ombined into a sin)$e term% TKH% or transmissibility! -S#e$$in) t&is 'ord orre t$" )i+es an e2tra 8/: on &"dro$o)" e2ams!0 T is t&e +o$ume dis &ar)e #er unit 'idt& o( a>ui(er '&en t&e s$o#e o( t&e &ead% hCx7.! *&e s#eed o( t&e mo+in) 'ater in t&e )round (or a )i+en dis &ar)e +aries in+erse$" 'it& t&e #orosit"! Sin e t&e +o$ume o( )round 'ater dV' e>ua$s t&e +o$ume o( ro 1 times t&e #orosit"% or% PdV 'e &a+e a(ter di+idin) b" t&e time inter+a$% dt% P So$+in) (or t&e +e$o it"% v "ie$ds% v= q PA dV = PAv = q dt

    =&en 'ater is dra'n (rom t&e )round it de#resses t&e 'ater tab$e! *&e amount o( 'ater dD' t&at an be obtained is t&e +o$ume o( ro 1 or soi$% dV mu$ti#$ied b" t&e storati+it"% S! On e a)ain% di+idin) b" t&e time inter+a$ and notin) t&at no' dV7Abasedh% 'e )et%

    dh q =dt SAbase
    5e ause bot& SE. and PE.% 'ater mo+es (aster t&rou)& t&e )round and t&e 'ater tab$e &an)es some'&at (aster t&an mi)&t be e2#e ted!

    EAS 345 HYDROLOGY

    Lab 6

    Name__________________________________ Last First GROUNDWATER

    In Math Problems, show all work. .! @a$ u$ate t&e &"drau$i ondu ti+it"% K (or an un on(ined a>ui(er 'it& bottom at h 7 / '&ere t'o #ie4ometers 4/ meters a#art re ord &eads -or 'ater tab$e &ei)&ts0% h.75/ m and h8 7 35 m! *&e dis &ar)e% qCL 7 /!/. m3s9.Cm is uni(orm and ($o's (rom h. to h8!

    K 7 _______ 8! A on(ined a>ui(er 5/ m t&i 1 'it& &"drau$i ondu ti+it"% K 7 ./93 and &ead 'it& s$o#e hCx 7 /!. em#ties into a ri+er . 1m $on)! Find t&e ontribution o( )round 'ater ($o' into t&e ri+er!

    q5ase 7 ________ m3 s9. 3! Find t&e tota$ and a+ai$ab$e +o$ume o( 'ater -to a 'e$$0 in an a>ui(er .// m t&i 1 'it& an area o( . 1m 8 i( #orosit"% P 7 /!4 and s#e i(i "ie$d% Sy 7 /!.5!

    Vtot 7 _______ m3

    VA+ai$ 7 _______ m3

    4! @a$ u$ate &o' $on) 'ater in t&e a>ui(er o( #rob$em 3 'ou$d $ast i( it is not re#$enis&ed and i( it is #um#ed at t&e rate% q 7 /!/. m3 s9.

    dt 7 __________ s 5! I( 8 m o( rain (a$$s but /!, m runs o(( on t&e sur(a e% a$ u$ate t&e rise o( t&e 'ater tab$e i( t&e s#e i(i "ie$d% Sy 7 /!8 and t&e soi$ 'as at (ie$d a#a it"!

    z 7 ________ m
    6! Find t&e rate o( &an)e o( &ei)&t o( t&e 'ater tab$e% hCt% in a re tan)u$ar area 2 7 8// m $on) and " 7 .// m 'ide o( an un on(ined a>ui(er 'it& bottom at h 7 / i( t&e 'ater tab$e &as a &ei)&t H 7 35 m on t&e $e(t side and H 7 8/ m on t&e ri)&t and t&e s$o#e o( t&e 'ater tab$e hCx 7 9!85 on t&e $e(t and hCx 7 9!./ on t&e ri)&t! Assume t&e #orosit" is P 7 /!85% s#e i(i "ie$d% S" 7 /!.5 and &"drau$i ondu ti+it"% K 7 ./94! *o do t&is "ou must a$ u$ate t&e dis &ar)e at t&e $e(t -in($o'0 and ri)&t -out($o'0 sides o( t&e a>ui(er% ta1e t&e di((eren e to (ind t&e +o$ume a umu$ation rate and di+ide b" t&e sur(a e area o( t&e re)ion!

    hCt 7 ___________ m s9. In t&is #rob$em% t&e 'idt&% y o( t&e re)ion is irre$e+ant! E2#$ain!

    F! Find t&e s#eed o( 'ater mo+in) t&rou)& an a>ui(er 'it& K 7 ./95 and #orosit"% P 7 /!4 i( t&e s$o#e o( t&e 'ater tab$e% hCx 7 .!

    v 7 _________ m s9. ,! Obser+ations s&o' t&at t&e tota$ $en)t& o( a$$ tributaries is re$ated to t&e 'aters&ed3s area b"%

    L = 1.7 A!."#
    '&ere t&e $en)t& is in 1m and t&e area in 1m8! I( t&e same un on(ined a>ui(er as in 6rob$em F em#ties into a$$ t&e tributaries in an area% A 7 .// 1m8% (ind t&e tota$ $en)t& o( t&e tributaries% and t&e tota$ base ($o' t&at 'i$$ resu$t! Assume t&e a>ui(er is H 7 35 m t&i 1! L 7 ______

    q5ase 7 ________ m3 s9.

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