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Electric Machine Simulation

The document provides guidance on simulating various components of electric machines using QuickField software. It discusses modeling the geometry, defining field sources and material properties, and analyzing results. Specific sections cover modeling transformers, DC motors, asynchronous motors, and modeling different parts like windings, laminated cores, and coupling electromagnetic analysis with other physics.

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herytriw
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
152 views

Electric Machine Simulation

The document provides guidance on simulating various components of electric machines using QuickField software. It discusses modeling the geometry, defining field sources and material properties, and analyzing results. Specific sections cover modeling transformers, DC motors, asynchronous motors, and modeling different parts like windings, laminated cores, and coupling electromagnetic analysis with other physics.

Uploaded by

herytriw
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Electric machines simulation with QuickField

Practical recommendations for practical engineers.


(corresponding QuickField examples are placed to ICEM 2011/motors folder in the root of your QuickField Demo CD)

Tera-Analysis Ltd

There are three main steps for the electric machine simulation in QuickField: 1. Geometry definition ! Defining the field sources (currents or permanent magnets) and material properties. " Results analysis.

1. Geometry definition
QuickField may sol#e plane-parallel or axysimmetrical tasks

$oughly speaking% rotating machine is formed &y t'o coaxial o&(ects ) rotor inside% and stator outside *f the axial length is not too small compared to the diameter% then the system may &e represented as a plane-parallel model

Real device

Simulation model

+sing this approach% !D analysis may often &e applied for the simulation of the acti#e ,one of electric machine ) i e the part 'hich generates the tor-ue% defines the current loads and flux densities .nd ,ones of electric machine usually re-uire "D simulation% and can not &e performed 'ith QuickField

. Field sources and material properties.


/ain modules of QuickField used for electric machine analysis are magnetostatics% AC magnetics and transient electromagnetics !agnetostatics may &e applied for the models 'ith non-linear magnetic materials% and permanent magnets 0ro#ides calculation of fluxes% tor-ues% forces "# !agnetics pro#ides field analysis for the models 'ith sinusoidal source currents of any fre-uency (up to /1, range)% 'ith eddy currents in solid conductors 2ut there should &e only one fre-uency for all #alues in the model% and therefore all the materials should &e considered as linear This formulation pro#ides the same outputs as /agnetostatics% plus possi&ilities for impedance calculation Transient $lectromagnetics expands all features and approaches of the /agnetostatics to the time domain 3upports linear and non-linear materials% formula-defined sources% and is most flexi&le for 'ide range of pro&lems 2ut transient analysis calculations are most time-consuming of all types of QuickField analysis% &ecause re-uire field calculation in many time steps 4ther QuickField modules may also &e useful for additional studies For example% Transient 1eat Transfer module may &e used for calculation of the temperature distri&ution% /echanical 3tresses may help to estimate the mechanical sta&ility% and DC Conduction ) for the calculation of the currents in the slot insulation

%. Results analysis
$esults% pro#ided &y QuickField% include local #alues% field maps% plots and integrals in any moment of time (in Transient pro&lems) or phase (in AC pro&lems)

How to model transformers with QuickField


"&ysimmetrical pro'lem5 Single phase transformer with concentric windings (lane)parallel pro'lem5 Most of other types of transformers (including 3 phase!" End #one effects should $e neglected% which may affect the accuracy

$&ample. *ingle phase shell)core transformer.

6eometric model in QuickField 'ill look like this5


secondary winding primary winding

core

7indings are put concentrically one o#er another The thin 'ire filling the 'inding is represented &y the current layer $esults of the secondary 'inding electromoti#e force calculations look like5

To find the actual #alue of the secondary 'inding #oltage the displayed parameter should &e multiplied &y the num&er of the secondary 'inding turns This gi#es the secondary 'inding #oltage 'ith no load5 !88 8 !9" : 98 ; < 0lease% refer to the QuickField pro&lem in the =transformers> folder

How to model DC motors with QuickField


In &C motor the stator poles produce static magnetic field" 'he rotor field is also static $ecause the $rushes are fi(ed" 'wo static fields may $e simulated in &C Magnetics" $&ample: #alculate the current)tor+ue caracteristic for the motor ,ith serial e&citation ,inding. 6eometric model looks like5

The la&els of the direct and re#erse currents of the core 'ere set according to the connection schema5

4 #

1"

11 $

12

13

14

15

16

17

1! #

2"

21

22

23

24

25

26 $

27

2!

3"

7inding in the rotor slots is defined &y the e-ui#alent single conductor This simplification does not affect to the magnetic field distri&ution All conductors 'ith the same direction of currents are assigned the same la&el La&el properties specify serial connection of the conductors
Resulting magnetic field& 'urrent$tor(ue caracteristic&

0lease% refer to the QuickField pro&lem in the =dc?motor> folder

How to model asynchronous motors with QuickField


'o simulate rotation the) slip fre*uency) approach should $e used

'he pro$lem with different rotation speeds of the rotor (w2! and magnetic field of the stator(w1! may $e replaced $y the pro$lem with stationary rotor and the stator field rotating with (w1 w2! speed" $&ample: #alculation of the tor+ue)speed characteristic of the motor !(n) 4n the geometric model &elo' the &lock la&els% sho'ing the phases of the 'indings% are sho'n

3eries of the calculations 'ith the #aried stator current fre-uency gi#es the tor-ue-speed characteristic For this task com&ined use of QuickField 'ith La&el/o#er is recommended5 $esulting magnetic field5 Tor-ue-speed characteristic

0lease% refer to the QuickField pro&lem in the =ac?motor> folder

How to model different parts of electric machines in QuickField


1ints for the typical tasks of electric motor design are pro#ided &elo' *lot *n most cases there is no need to dra' all indi#idual conductors They may &e replaced &y single solid conductor% or% if there are se#eral layers of 'inding ) &y se#eral conductors (ole 0ole 'inding consists of many conductors This decreases eddy current effects% and it may &e supposed that the current density is uniformally distri&uted along the cross section of the 'inding 3uch 'inding may &e presented in QuickField &y a single &lock 'ith e#enly distri&uted current density -aminated cores There is no eddy currents in laminated cores .lectrical conducti#ity in the &lock properties should not &e defined @on-linear magnetic materials may &e defined in the DC magnetics or Transient electromagnetics *hort)circuited loops 3hort circuited loops may &e defined &y setting +:8 in the la&el properties *:8 means that the loop is disconnected *hort)circuited rotor 3hort-circuited rotor may &e presented in QuickField as a set of conductors% ha#ing the same la&el% and 'ith +:8 in this la&el properties Rotating magnetic field $otating magnetic field may &e simulated either in AC /agnetics or in Transient .lectromagnetics AC magnetics re-uires definition of the single fre-uency for all currents in the pro&lem% and setting of specific phases for e#ery current Transient .lectromagnetics allo'ing using formulas for currents definition% e g sin(tAB!8) $&ternal circuit AC magnetics and Transient electromagnetics in QuickField supports connection of the external circuit% and coupled simulation of the field and circuit parts of the pro&lem .eating of stator and rotor QuickField supports coupled pro&lems of AC magnetics (or Transient .lectromagnetics) 'ith 1eat Transfer Currents calculated in the conductors &y electromagnetic simulation may then &e used as heat sources in the thermal analysis !echanical deformations and stresses in the electric motor parts Coupled magneto-mechanical analysis may &e applied to calculate deformations and stresses in the parts of electric motors /agnetic forces% calculated &y electromagnetic simulation are then considered as a mechanical loads in the 3tress Analysis

Tera)"nalysis -td. /nasterho00e1 1 D/)2344 *0end'org Denmark

!ain office: (hone 562 77 4 7 41 Fa& 562 772% 8967 $)mail: support:+uickfield.com ;oth "merican office: Toll)free phone<fa& 51 (733) 12)7877 $)mail: ussupport:+uickfield.com

=ank: ;ordea =ank Danmark "<* Denmark *>?FT address: ;D$"D/// $@RA: account 8742442914318 ?=";: D/82 442442914318 @* B: account 87424429143 6 ?=";: D/6% 4424429143 6

-imited company registered in Denmark as "npartselska' ("p*) at the C"T num'er: D/ 2 41 6% 83

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