Prepositions - 2nd type vEtRumai - 2 (ai) - 2 () Usage: The 2nd vEtRumai is used when you apply an action on an object

t or person. (English does not have any explicit preposition that is used in this context. Only some pronouns seem to follow Tamil like pattern. For example, "Call him / Call her" - note that we do not say "Call he / Call she". However, we say "Call Raman / Call it") Note: 1. In Tamil, the preposition is not written separately. It is invariably merged with the associated object as a suffix. 2. There are rules and conventions that may cause some additional letters to get inserted before the preposition. + = + = + = + = + = + = + = + =

Last Updated: 27-May-03

Formal maram+ai = maraththai ~nagam + ai = ~nagaththai pazham + ai = pazhaththai padam + ai = padaththai maraththai ~nadu ~nagaththai vettu pazhaththai uri padaththai mAttu kAr + ai = kArai thEr + ai = thErai peyar + ai = peyarai thayir + ai = thayirai kArai Ottu thErai izhu peyaraic col thayiraik kudi

Colloquial maraththa ~nagaththa pazhaththa padaththa maraththa ~nadu ~nagaththa vettu pazhaththa uri padaththa mAttu kAra thEra pEra thayira kAra Ottu thEra izhu pErac collu thayira kudi

Meaning

plant (the) tree cut (the) nail peel (the) fruit hang (the) picture

drive (the) car pull (the) chariot tell (the) name drink (the) yogurt

Prepositions_Consolidated.doc

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Formal mAdu + ai = mAttai kUdu + ai = kUttai vIdu + ai = vIttai kAdu + ai = kAttai mAttaik kattu kUttaip pAr vIttaik kattu kAttaik kAppAtRu puli + ai = puliyai thuNi + ai = thuNiyai vilai + ai = vilaiyai kadalai + ai = kadalaiyai vadai + ai = vadaiyai puliyaip pidi thuNiyai madi vilaiyaik kEL kadalaiyaik kadi vadaiyaith thin pEccu + ai = pEccai pAttu + ai = pAttai paruppu + ai = paruppai pEccai ~niRuththu pAttaip pAdu paruppaic cAppidu

Colloquial mAtta kUtta vItta kAtta mAtta kattu kUtta pAr vItta kattu kAtta kAppAththu puliya thuNiya velaya kadalaya vadaya puliya pidi thuNiya madi velaya kEL kadalaya kadi vadaya thinnu pEcca pAtta paruppa pEcca ~niRuththu pAtta pAdu paruppa sAppudu

Meaning

tie (the) cow look (at the) nest build (the) house save/protect (the) forest

catch (the) tiger fold (the) clothes ask (the) price bite (the) peanut eat (the) vadai

stop (the) talk sing (the) song eat (the) lentils

Last Updated: 27-May-03

Prepositions_Consolidated.doc

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2 + (, , , ) + = + = + = + = + = (3+ / 2 ) + (, , , )
Last Updated: 27-May-03

Formal sORu + ai = sOtRai kayiRu + ai = kayitRai sERu + ai = sEtRai kiNaRu + ai = kiNatRai sOtRaip pisai kayitRai izhu sEtRai midhikkAdhE kiNatRai vettu 2 ezhuththu vArththai kuRil + (N, y, l, L) kaN + ai = kaNNai peN + ai = peNNai ~ney + ai = ~neyyai kal + ai = kallai kaL + ai = kaLLai kaNNaith thiRa peNNaik kUppidu ~neyyaik kala kallai ~nagarththu pallaith thEy kaLLaik kudikkAdhE (3+ ezhuththu vArththai / 2 ezhuththu vArththai ~nedil) + (N, y, l, L)

Colloquial sOththa kayaththa sEththa keNaththa sOththa pesa kayaththa izhu sEththa midhikkAdha keNaththa vettu

Meaning

mix (the) rice pull (the) rope do not step on the mud dig (the) well

kaNNa peNNa ~neyya kalla kaLLa kaNNa theRa peNNaik kUppidu ~neyya kala kalla ~nagaththu palla thEy kaLLa kudikkAdhE
open (the) eye call (the) woman mix (the) ghee move (the) stone brush (the) teeth do not drink wine

Prepositions_Consolidated.doc

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Word List

Formal araN + ai = araNai magaL + ai = magaLai ural + ai = uralai kAy + ai = kAyai pAl + ai = pAlai kAl + ai = kAlai rAman + ai = rAmanai araNaik kattu magaLaik kUppidu uralaith thUkku kAyai ~naRukku pAlaik kudi kAlai madakku rAmanaik kUppidu

Colloquial araNa magaLa urala kAya pAla kAla rAmana araNa kattu magaLa kUppudu urala thUkku kAya ~naRukku pAla kudi kAla madakku rAmana kUppudu

Meaning

build (the) fort call (the) daughter lift (the) mortar cut (the) vegetable drink (the) milk

bend (the) leg call Raman

maram ~nadu ~nagam vettu pazham uri padam mAttu

1. n. tree 2. n. wood 1. v. plant (a tree) 2. adj. center; middle n. (finger/toe) nail 1. v. cut; 2. dig (i.e. 'cut' the earth) n. fruit 1. v. peel 2. n. skin (archaic) n. picture 1. v. hang (a picture); 2. v. hook up

pAttu pAdu paruppu sAppidu sORu pisai kayiRu sERu

n. song/poem v. sing n. lentils v. eat n. cooked rice v. knead; mix n. rope n. mud

Last Updated: 27-May-03

Prepositions_Consolidated.doc

Ottu thEr izhu peyar sol thayir kudi mAdu kattu kUdu pAr vIdu kAdu kAppAtRu puli pidi

1. v. drive 2. v. shoo away n. chariot v. pull n. name 1. v. say 2. n. word n. yogurt 1. v. drink 2. n. citizen/subject n. cow/cattle 1. v. tie (rope, etc.); 2. v. build 3. n. bundle 1. n. nest 2. v. assemble together 1. v. see; look 2. n. world 1. n. house 2. n. nirvana/mOksham n. forest v. save; protect n. tiger 1. v. catch 2. v. like 3. n. a measure of quantity (handful) 4. n. female elephant (archaic)

midhi kiNaRu vettu pAl kUppidu kaN thiRa peN ~ney kala kal ~nagarththu pal thEy kaL kudikkAdhE

v. step on n. (open) well v. cut; dig n. milk v. call n. eye v. open n. woman; girl n. ghee v. mix 1. n. stone 2. v. learn v. move; shift n. tooth 1. v. brush; rub 2. v. diminish / wear out n. wine v. do not drink

Last Updated: 27-May-03

Prepositions_Consolidated.doc

thuNi

madi

1. n. clothes 2. n. cloth 3. v. act bravely; act decisively 4. v. cut (archaic) 1. n. fold 2. v. die n. price 1. v. ask 2. v. listen n. peanut

araN

n. fort

kattu

vilai kEL kadalai

magaL ural thUkku

1. v. build 2. v. tie 3. n. bundle; 4. n. bandage; n. daughter n. mortar 1. v. lift; raise 2. n. a vessel with a carrying handle 3. n. hanging noose 1. n. vegetable 2. n. game piece 1. n. leg; foot 2. n. quarter v. bend; fold

kadi vadai thin pEccu

v. bite n. vadai v. eat n. talk/speech

kAy kAl madakku

Last Updated: 27-May-03

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Prepositions - 3rd type (by, with) vEtRumai - 3 (Al, Odu, udan) - 3 (, , ) Usage: The 3rd vEtRumai is used when you do something using or with an object / person. English Some examples This is usually 'by / using' Sometimes, "with" is used in English. "Eat with a spoon" = "eat using a spoon". "Eat with us" = "eat together". Note: 3. In Tamil, the preposition is not written separately. It is invariably merged with the associated object/person as a suffix. 4. There are rules and conventions that may cause some additional letters to get inserted before the preposition. Formal Al Colloquial Ala
Meaning by (i.e. by using something) (Sometimes in English, we use 'with' in this context) with (i.e. together); (other meanings: run; roof tile, etc) along with; together; (other meanings: as soon as; immediately; etc) by the tree; by wood; by the (finger) nail with the fruit with the picture

Odu

Oda

udan

Oda

+ = + =

maram + Al = maraththAl + = ~nagam+Al = ~nagaththAl

+ = pazham+Odu = pazhaththOdu padam + udan = padaththudan

Last Updated: 27-May-03

maraththAl ~nARkAli sey

maraththAla ~nagaththAla pazhaththOda padaththOda

maraththAla ~nARkAli sey make (the) chair with wood

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Formal i~ndha ~nARkAli kaNNanAl seyyappattadhu ~nagaththAl kiLLinAn pazhaththOdu va~ndhAr padaththudan varuvEn Ur + udan = Urudan pAl + Odu = PAlOdu vAL + Al = vALAl Urudan pagaikkAdhE pAlOdu thayiraik kalakku vALAl vettu kuRadu + Al = kuRattAl vIdu + Odu = vIttOdu kuRattAl ANiyaip pidu~nggu vIttOdu iru kaththi + Al = kaththiyAl vaNdi + Odu = vaNdiyOdu kaththiyAl vetta mudiyum

Colloquial i~ndha ~nARkAli kaNNanAla seyyappattadhu ~nagaththAla kiLLinAn pazhaththOda va~ndhAr padaththOda varuvEn UrOda PalOda vALAla UrOda pagaikkAdha pAlOda thayira kalakku vALAla vettu kuRattAla vIttOda kuRattAla ANiya pidu~nggu vIttOda iru kaththiyAla vaNdiyOda kaththiyAla vetta mudiyum

Meaning this chair was made by Kannan (he) pinched with (his) nails he/she (respect) came with fruit (I) will come with the picture with the town with milk by the sword do not fight with the town mix yogurt with milk cut with the sword by the pliers with the house pull the nail with the pliers stay with the house by the knife with the cart (one/we) can cut with knife

+ =

+ = + =

Last Updated: 27-May-03

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Formal vaNdiyOdu kArum va~ndhadhu pEccu + Al = pEccAl thattu + Odu = thattOdu

Colloquial vaNdiyOda kArum va~nththu pEccAla thattOda vettip pEccAla enna lAbam? thattOda thA kayaththAla sOtROda sOththa uppak kala kayaththAla kattu kaNNAla se~nggallAla pallAla kaNNAla pAkkaROm se~nggallAla vIdu kattu pallAla kadikka mudiyum (adha) ennAla thUkka mudiyAdhu

Meaning the car also came with the cart by talk with plate What is the benefit (obtained) by useless talk? (you) give with the plate by the rope with the (cooked) rice mix salt with (cooked) rice tie with (the) rope by the eye by the brick by the tooth/teeth we see with eyes build (the) house with bricks (one/we) can bite with teeth (it) can not be lifted by me. (i.e. I can not lift (it)).

+ =

?
+ = + =

vettip pEccAl enna lAbam? ? thattOdu thA

kayiRu + Al = kayitRAl sORu + Odu = sOtROdu sOtROdu uppaik kala kayitRAl kattu

+ = + = + = ()
Word List Last Updated: 27-May-03

kaN + Al = kaNNAl se~nggal+Al = se~nggallAl pal + Al = pallAl kaNNAl pArkkiROm se~nggallAl vIdu kattu pallAl kadikka mudiyum (adhai) ennAl thUkka mudiyAdhu ()

Prepositions_Consolidated.doc

~nARkAli sey kiLLu Ur pagai pAl kalakku

n. chair v. do; make; v. pinch n. town / place where people live together; 1. v. fight; 2. n. enmity n. milk v. mix

vaNdi vetti pEccu enna lAbam kAdu thattu

n. cart adj. useless n. talk; speech; what n. benefit; profit; forest 1. n. plate; 2. n. shelf 3. v. tap; knock; 4. v. clap; v. give 1. n. salt; 2. v. bloat; become big v. mix 1. v. build 2. v. tie 3. n. bundle; 4. n. bandage; n. eye 1. v. see; 2. n. world n. brick

vAL kuRadu ANi pidu~nggu

1. n. sword 2. adj. shiny (archaic) n. pliers n. nail (fastener - not finger nail) v. pull

thA
uppu kala kattu

iru kaththi mudiyum mudiyAdhu

v. stay; be; n. knife adv. can; it is possible adv. can not be; it is not possible

kaN pAr

se~nggal

Last Updated: 27-May-03

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Prepositions - 4th type vEtRumai - 4 (ku) - 4 () Usage: The 4th vEtRumai is used when you do something to an object/person. English Some examples This is usually 'to' "Go to Madras" "A sheath is needed for the sword" = "The sword needs a sheath" However, in English, there are some instances where 'for' is used. Also, there are some instances where no preposition is explicitly used in "Water the plant" means "pour water to the plant". English. "Paint the wall" means "apply paint to the wall". "Raman wants a banana" Note: 5. In Tamil, the preposition is not written separately. It is invariably merged with the associated object/person as a suffix. 6. There are rules and conventions that may cause some additional letters to get inserted before the preposition. + = + =
+ =

Formal ku maram+ku = maraththukku

~nagam+ku = ~nagaththukku padam + ku = padaththukku

maraththukku ~nIr vidu ~nagaththukku ~niRam pUsinAL padaththukku sattam pOda vENdum

Colloquial ku maraththukku
~nagaththukku padaththukku

Meaning to; for; to the tree; to wood; to the (finger) nail to the picture pour water to the tree (i.e. water the tree) she painted color to the nail (i.e. she put nail polish on her nails) (we) need to put (a) frame to the picture (i.e. we need to frame the picture)

maraththukku thaNNi vidu ~nagaththukku ~neRam pUsinA padaththukku sattam pOdaNum

Last Updated: 27-May-03

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Formal Ur + ku = Urukku pAl + ku = PAlukku vAL + ku = vALukku Urukkup pO pAlukkuc carkkarai vENdum vALukku uRai thEvai

Colloquial Urukku PAlukku vALukku Urukkup pO pAlukku sakkarai vENum vALukku oRa thEva

Meaning to / for the town to / for milk to / for the sword go to town need sugar for milk (i.e. milk needs sugar) sheath needed for sword (i.e. sword needs a sheath) to / for the ear ring to / for the house need gold for the ear ring there is roof to the house (i.e. the house has roof) to / for the knife to / for the cart sharpness needed for the knife. (i.e. the knife needs sharpness) there is no bull for the cart

+ = + =
+ =

thOdu + ku = thOttukku vIdu + ku = vIttukku thOttukkuth tha~nggam vENdum vIttukku kUrai uNdu kaththi + ku = kaththikku vaNdi + ku = vaNdikku kaththikkuk kUrmai vENdum vaNdikku mAdu illai

thOttukku vIttukku thOttukkuth tha~nggam vENum vIttukku kUra uNdu kaththikku vaNdikku kaththikkuk kUrmai vENum vaNdikku mAdu illa

+ =

+ =
Last Updated: 27-May-03

pEccu + ku = pEccukku thattu + ku = thattukku en pEccukku ~nalla kaidhattal

Prepositions_Consolidated.doc

pEccukku thattukku en pEccukku ~nalla kaidhattal

to / for talk to / for plate there was great applause for my speech

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+ = + =

Formal thattukku enna vilai?

Colloquial thattukku enna vela?

Meaning what is the price for the plate? to / for the rope to / for the (cooked) rice scarcity exists for food (i.e. food is scarce) what shortcoming exists for the rope? (i.e. what is wrong with this rope?) to / for the eye pour medicine to the eye

kayiRu + ku = kayitRukku sORu + ku = sOtRukku sOtRukkup pa~njjam kayitRukku enna kuRai?

? + =

kayitRukku sOtRukku sOththukkup pa~njjam kayaththukku enna koRa?

kaN + ku = kaNNukku kaNNukku maru~ndhu vidu

kaNNukku kaNNukku maru~ndhu vidu

Word List

~nIr vidu kiLLu ~niRam pUsu sattam

1. n. water 2. n. you (respect) (archaic) 1. v. pour; 2. v. leave; 3. v. release v. pinch n. color v. apply by spreading (paint, etc) 1. n. frame; 2. n. law;

kUrmai mAdu illai ~nalla kai kaidhattal

n. sharpness 1. n. cattle / cow / bull 2. n. wealth (archaic) v. there is no / it does not have adj. good n. hand n. applause

Last Updated: 27-May-03

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pOdu

pO sarkkarai

1. v. put; 2. v. drop; 3. v. to make (noise, etc.) v. go n. sugar

vilai

n. price

pa~njjam kuRai

uRai thEvai thOdu tha~nggam kUrai uNdu

1. n. cover; sheath; 2. v. freeze 3. v. live/stay n. need / want n. ear ring n. gold n. roof v. there is / it has

maru~ndhu

n. scarcity; famine; 1. n. shortcoming; 2. n. flaw; defect; 3. v. to reduce / decrease 1. n. medicine; 2. n. immortal nectar (archaic)

Last Updated: 27-May-03

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Prepositions - 5th type vEtRumai - 5 (il, in, ai vida, inindRu, iliru~ndhu) - 5 (

,
, ,
,
) Usage: The 5th vEtRumai is used when you compare something to another. It is also used when something is separated from another. English Some examples than from Note: 7. The preposition for comparison in current usage is "ai vida" ( ). 8. The preposition for 'from' in current usage is "iliru~ndhu" (
).
,

+
=

Last Updated: 27-May-03

Formal il, in iliru~ndhu ai vida kirushNanin periyavan rAman kirushNanai vidap periyavan rAman pUnaiyin valiyadhu ~nAy pUnaiyai vida valiyadhu ~nAy maram+ iliru~ndhu = maraththiliru~ndhu maraththiliru~ndhu kIzhE iRa~nggu
Prepositions_Consolidated.doc

Colloquial il, in ulE~ndhu a vida kirushNanin periyavan rAman kirushNana vida periyavan rAman pUnaiyin valiyadhu ~nAy pUnaiya vida valiyadhu ~nAy maraththulE~ndhu maraththulE~ndhu kIzha eRa~nggu

Meaning than (comparison) from than (comparison) Raman is older than Krishnan Raman is older than Krishnan

(the) dog is stronger than (the) cat (the) dog is stronger than (the) cat
from the tree get down from the tree

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= +
= +
= +
= +
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Last Updated: 27-May-03

Formal Ur + iliru~ndhu = Uriliru~ndhu pAl + iliru~ndhu = PAliliru~ndhu Uriliru~ndhu pAtti va~ndhAr pAliliru~ndhu veNNey kidaikkum

Colloquial UrlE~ndhu PAllE~ndhu

Meaning from the town from milk

UrlE~ndhu pAtti va~ndhA pAllE~ndhu veNNa kedaikkum

Grandma came from (her) town. (we) get butter from milk

thOdu + iliru~ndhu = thOttiliru~ndhu vIdu + iliru~ndhu = vIttiliru~ndhu thOttiliru~ndhu maNi vizhu~ndhadhu vIttiliru~ndhu kOyil ARu mail vaNdi + iliru~ndhu = vaNdiyiliru~ndhu vaNdiyiliru~ndhu mAttai avizh pEccu + iliru~ndhu = pEcciliru~ndhu thattu + iliru~ndhu = thattiliru~ndhu
Prepositions_Consolidated.doc

thOttulE~ndhu vIttulE~ndhu

from the earring from the house

thOttulE~ndhu maNi vizhu~nththu vIttulE~ndhu kOvil ARu mail vaNdIlE~ndhu vaNdIlE~ndhu mAtta avu

the gem fell from the earring the temple is six miles from the house from the cart untie the bull from the cart

pEcculE~ndhu thattulE~ndhu

from the speech from the plate

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+
=
Word List

Formal avar pEcciliru~ndhu enna theri~ndhukoNdAy? thattiliru~ndhu parukkai kIzhE vizhu~ndhadhu

Colloquial avar pEcculE~ndhu enna theri~njjuNda? thattulE~ndhu parukka kIzha vizhu~nththu

Meaning What did you learn from his/her (respect) speech? (a) morsel of rice fell down from the plate

kiNaRu + iliru~ndhu = kiNatRiliru~ndhu kiNatRiliru~ndhu thaNNIrai iRai kaN + iliru~ndhu = kaNNiliru~ndhu kaNNiliru~ndhu kaNNIr vazhigiRadhu

kiNaththulE~ndhu kiNaththulE~ndhu thaNNiya eRa kaNNulE~ndhu kaNNulE~ndhu kaNNIr vazhiyaRadhu

from the well

draw and pour water from the well

from the eye tears flow from the eye

kIzhE iRa~nggu pAtti veNNey maNi vizhu

below; v. get down; climb down n. grandmother n. butter 1. n. jewel; gem 2. n. hour / time v. fall

kOyil avizh parukkai kiNaRu iRai kaNNIr

n. temple v. untie n. morsel of rice n. (water) well 1. v. draw and pour; bale out; 2. n. lord / god n. tears

Last Updated: 27-May-03

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Prepositions - 6th type vEtRumai - 6 (adhu, Adhu, a, udaiya) - 6 (, , , ) Usage: The 6th vEtRumai is used to indicate possession / ownership / association. English Some examples of height of that tree ----'s (mine, his, etc) that tree's height Note: 9. The preposition for possession/ownership in current spoken usage is "udaiya" and "inudaiya" (,
). (
) (
) + = ? + =
+ =
Last Updated: 27-May-03

Formal adhu (inadhu) a udaiya (inudaiya) maram+ udaiya = maraththinudaiya a~ndha maraththinudaiya uyaram enna?

adhu (inadhu) a udaiya (inudaiya)

Colloquial adhu (inadhu) a udaiya (inudaiya)

Meaning of (indicates ownership and possessiveness) - singular of (indicates ownership and possessiveness) - plural of (indicates ownership and possessiveness) tree's what is the height of that tree? milk's milk's color is white this is my bag house's

a~ndha maraththOda oyaram enna?

a~ndha maraththOda oyaram enna? PAlOda PAlOda ~neRam veLLai idhu ennOda pai vIttOda

pAl+ udaiya = PAlinudaiya PAlOda PAlinudaiya ~niRam veNmai idhu ennudaiya pai vIdu+udaiya = vIttinudaiya PAlOda ~neRam veLLai idhu ennOda pai vIttOda

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Formal vIttinudaiya eN enna?

vIttOda eN enna?

Colloquial vIttOda eN enna?

Meaning what is the house's number?

vaNdiyinudaiya accu muRi~ndhadhu

vaNdiyOda accu muRi~njjudhu avanOda pEccu sari illa ava~nggaLOda vIdu perusu ennOda pEr rAman en pEr rAman keNaththOda Azham adhigam sakkarai enna vela?

vaNdiyOda accu muRi~njjudhu avanOda pEccu sari illa ava~nggaLOda vIdu perusu ennOda pEr rAman en pEr rAman keNaththOda Azham adhigam sakkarai enna vela?

the cart's axle broke

avanudaiya pEccu sari illai

avargaLudaiya vIdu periyadhu ?
Word List

his speech is not proper their house is large

ennudaiya peyar rAman enadhu peyar rAman kiNatRinudaiya Azham adhigam sarkkaraiyinudaiya vilai enna?

my name is Raman my name is Raman

the depth of the well is great (i.e. it is a deep well)

What is the price of sugar?

a~ndha uyaram veNmai pai eN sari

that n. height n. white n. bag n. number adv. proper; appropriate; OK

periya peyar Azham adhigam sarkkarai vilai

adj. big n. name n. depth big/great/a lot n. sugar n. price

Last Updated: 27-May-03

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Prepositions - 7th type vEtRumai - 7 (il, idaththil, kaN, mEl, kIzh) - 7 (il, idaththil, kaN, mEl, kIzh) Usage: The 7th vEtRumai is used to indicate location. English Some examples in in my house on on the table above / over above the clouds; over the fence; below / under / beneath below the surface; under the table; among, amongst inside

(
) (
) ( = ) ( .
) +
=
Formal il idaththil mEl (inmEl) kIzh (inkIzh) uL (ku uL = kuL) adiyil (ku adiyil. in adiyil) ( ) ( ) ( = ) Colloquial ula edaththula mEla (ku mEla) kIzha (ku kIzha) uLLa (ku uLLa = kuLLa) ku adIla
Meaning in in on below inside under, beneath

maram+ il = maraththil mAmaraththil pazha~nggaL irukkindRana pAlil sarkkarai pOdu

mAmaraththula pazham irukku

there are fruits on the mango tree

pAlla sakkara pOdu

put sugar in the milk

Last Updated: 27-May-03

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? ?

Formal maraththinkIzh utkAr~ndhAn puththagaththin adiyil pensil iru~ndhadhu suvarinmEl padam varai~ndhEn kaiyil kAsu irukkiRadhu

Colloquial maraththukku kIzha okkA~ndhAn pusthagaththukku adIla pensil iru~nththu sevuththu mEla padam vara~njjEn kaila kAsu irukku

Meaning (he) sat under the tree (the) pencil is under (the) book (I) drew a picture on the wall (I) have money in (my) hand (I) could not climb on the hill Who amongst you is (the) older brother?

malaiyinmEl ERa mudiyavillai u~nggaLil yAr aNNan? u~nggaLukkuL enna saNdai? kiNatRil pa~ndhu vizhu~ndhadhu pUvil vaNdu moykkum

malai mEla ERa mudiyala

? ?

u~nggaLLa yAru aNNA? o~nggaLukkuLLa enna saNda? keNaththula pa~ndhu vizhu~nththu pUvula vaNdu moykkum

What is (the) fight among you? (The) ball fell in the well
Bees buzz in (the) flowers

Word List

mAmaram pazham utkAr

n. mango tree n. fruit v. sit

aNNan saNdai pa~ndhu

n. older brother n. fight n. ball 21

Last Updated: 27-May-03

Prepositions_Consolidated.doc

suvar varai kAsu malai ERu

n. wall v. draw; paint n. mountain n. money n. hill; mountain; v. amaze; shock v. climb n. bull; lion;

pU vaNdu moy

n. flower n. bee; beetle; v. to flock in large number

Last Updated: 27-May-03

Prepositions_Consolidated.doc

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Prepositions - 8th type (calling someone) vEtRumai - 8 (thani urubu kidaiyAdhu) - 8 ( ) Usage: The 8th vEtRumai is used when you call someone. Depending on whether the person is near or far, the last vowel in the name may be short or long. If the name has any masculine suffix like 'an', then the 'n' will be dropped. If the name has respectful ending like 'ar', 'gaL', then a long vowel 'E' is appended. English Some examples In English, the word 'O' is added before the name. O lord! But, normally we just call out the name with some extra stress and loudness Note: 10. In Tamil, the preposition is not written separately. It is invariably merged with the associated object/person as a suffix. 11. There are rules and conventions that may cause some additional letters to get inserted before the preposition. ,
. !
? ,
Formal rAmA, i~nggE vA. lakshmI! ~nI e~nggE irukkiRAy? gurukkaLE, i~nggE vAru~nggaL ,
!
? ,
(/ ) Colloquial rAmA, i~ngga vA lakshmI! ~nI e~ngga irukka? gurukkaLE, i~ngga vA~nggO (/ vA~ngga)
Meaning Raman, come here. O Lakshmi, where are you? O gurukkaL, come (respect) here.

Last Updated: 27-May-03

Prepositions_Consolidated.doc

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