TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is the basic communication

language or protocol of the Internet. It can also be used as a communications protocol in a private
network (either an intranet or an extranet). When you are set up with direct access to the Internet,
your computer is provided with a copy of the TCP/IP program just as every other computer that
you may send messages to or get information from also has a copy of TCP/IP. The Transmission
Control Protocol ensures the reliability of data transmission across Internet connected networks.

An Internet Protocol address (IP address) is a numerical label assigned to each device
participating in a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication. An
IP address serves two principal functions: host or network interface identification and
location addressing. Its role has been characterized as follows: "A name indicates what we
seek. An address indicates where it is. A route indicates how to get there. IP includes an
Internet addressing scheme that allows users and applications to identify a specific network
or host with which to communicate. In order to communicate across the Internet, a
computer must have a unique address. An Internet address works like a postal address,
allowing data to be routed to the chosen destination. Each IP address has four parts
each part a number between 0 and 255. An IP address might look like this:
205.46.117.104


The Domain Name System (DNS) is a central part of the Internet, providing a way to match
names (a website youre seeking) to numbers (the address for the website). Anything connected
to the Internet - laptops, tablets, mobile phones, websites - has an Internet Protocol (IP) address
made up of numbers. DNS syncs up domain names with IP addresses enabling humans to use
memorable domain names while computers on the Internet can use IP addresses.

World wide web: all the resources and users on the Internet that are using the Hypertext
Transfer Protocol(HTTP).A system of Internet servers that support specially formatted
documents. The documents are formatted in a markup language called HTML (Hyper Text
Markup Language) that supports links to other documents, as well as graphics, audio, and
video files. There are several applications called Web browsers that make it easy to access the
World Wide Web; Two of the most popular being Firefox and Microsoft's Internet Explorer. An
information system on the Internet which allows documents to be connected to other
documents by hypertext links, enabling the user to search for information by moving from one
document to another.

Electronic mail (e-mail) is the most popular reason people use the Internet. To create, send, and
receive e-mail messages, you need an e-mail program and an account on an Internet mail server
with a domain name. To send and receive e-mail messages you can use an e-mail program, also
known as an e-mail client such as Microsoft Outlook or Mozilla Thunderbird. When using an e-mail
client you must have a server that stores and delivers your e-mail this service is provided by
your ISP but can also be a service provided by another company. The e-mail client will connect to
the server to download all new e-mail and deliver any unsent e-mail.
An alternative way of sending and receiving e-mail and a more popular solution for most people is
an online e-mail service or webmail such as Hotmail, Gmail, and Yahoo Mail
USENET is the worlds biggest electronic discussion forum. It provides a way for messages to be
sent among computers across the entire Internet. People from all over the world participate in
discussions on thousands of specific areas of interest called newsgroups
Global bulletin Board and discussion area.
Usenet and all messages are stored on a Usenet Server
Different Hierarchies of Newsgroups exist.
To participate in a newsgroup, you need a newsreader program that lets you read articles that have
been posted on a news server. You can post articles for others to read and respond to.

Telnet is a user command and an underlying TCP/IP protocol for accessing remote computers.
Through Telnet, an administrator or another user can access someone else's computer . This is a
program that allows you log in to a Unix computer via a text-based interface. If you have an account
on a Telnet server, you can access certain resources on the system such your home directory, your
e-mail account, FTP files, etc. The downside of Telnet is that, to use it, you need to use Unix
commands, which can be a challenge.
Telnet is a Protocol that lets you use the power of the Internet to connect you to databases, library
catalogs, and other information resources around the world.

File transfer protocol (FTP) is the Internet tool used to copy files from one computer to another.
Using a special FTP program or a Web browser, you can log into an FTP host computer over the
Internet and copy files onto your computer. FTP is commonly used to transfer Web page files from
their creator to the computer that acts as their server for everyone on the Internet. It's also
commonly used to download programs and other files to your computer from other servers. FTP
with a simple command line interface (for example, from the Windows MS-DOS Prompt window) or
with a commercial program that offers a graphical user interface.

Internet Relay Chat (IRC) is a service that allows users to communicate in real time by typing text
in a special window. Like news, there are hundreds of IRC & quot ; channels, & quot; each devoted
to a subject or user group. IRC is short for Internet Relay Chat and is a popular chat service still in
use today that enables users to connect to an IRC server using a software program or web service
and communicate with each other live. For example, the Computer Hope chat room uses an IRC
server to allow its users to talk and ask computer questions live. In order to connect and chat with
other IRC users, you must either have an IRC client or a web interface that connects you to IRC
servers. There are numerous software IRC clients that enable users to connect and communicate to
other IRC servers.

PROTOCOL: A standard set of regulations and requirements that allow two electronic items
to connect to and exchange information with one another. Protocols regulate data
transmission among devices as well as within a network of linked devices through both
error control and specifying which data compression method to use. In particular,
protocols decide: the method of error checking, how to compact data (if required), how the
transmitting device signals that it has concluded sending data, and how the receiving device
signals that it has completed receiving data..
Protocol Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) This protocol is used to access, send and receive
Hypertext Markup Language files (HTML) files on the Internet. HTTP is used to transfer a hyper text
between two or more computers. Hyper text is the text that is coded using the language called
HTML. HTML codes are used to create links. HTTP is based on the Client/server principles. HTTP
allows a client to establish connection with a server and make a request.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) lives up to its name and provides a method for copying files over a
network from one computer to another. More generally, it provides for some simple file
management on the contents of a remote computer. It is an old protocol and is used less than it was
before the Word Wide Web came along. Today, Its primary use is uploading files to a Web site. It
can also be used for downloading from the Web but, more often than not, downloading is done via
HTTP. Sites that have a lot of downloading (software sites, for example) will often have an FTP
server to handle the traffic. If FTP is involved, the URL will have ftp: at the front.
Telnet is a set of rules used to connect one computer to another computer. The process of this
connection is called as remote login. The computer who request connection is called local
computer, who accept the connection is called remote computer. If you type commands in local
computer remote login these commands executed in the remote computer
Telnet also operates on the client/server principle. The establishment of connection and display
data on the local computer uses a Telnet server program to accept the connection and send
responses to requests for information back to the local computer.
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and IP (Internet Protocol) are two different procedures that
are often linked together. The linking of several protocols is common since the functions of different
protocols can be complementary so that together they carry out some complete task. The
combination of several protocols to carry out a particular task is often called a "stack" because it
has layers of operations. In fact, the term "TCP/IP" is normally used to refer to a whole suite of
protocols, each with different functions. This suite of protocols is what carries out the basic
operations of the Web. IP is also Internet Protocol (IP) is the method used to route information to
the proper address. Every computer on the Internet has to have it own unique address known as
the IP address. Every packet sent will contain an IP address showing where it is supposed to go.
UDP/IP provides very few error recovery services, offering instead a direct way to send and receive
datagrams over an IP network. It's used primarily for broadcastingmessages over a network.
A POP3 mail server receives e-mails and filters them into the appropriate user folders. When a user
connects to the mail server to retrieve his mail, the messages are downloaded from mail server to
the user's hard disk. is a simple, standardized method of delivering e-mail messages. Still, most mail
servers use the POP3 mail protocol because it is simple and well-supported. When using the POP
protocol all your eMail messages will be downloaded from the mail server to your local computer.
The SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) protocol is used by the Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) to
deliver your eMail to the recipient's mail server. The SMTP protocol can only be used to send
emails, not to receive them. Depending on your network / ISP settings, you may only be able to use
the SMTP protocol under certain conditions (see incoming and outgoing mail servers